Battery Energy最新文献

Kim SH, Choe UJ, Kim NY, Lee SY. Fibrous skeleton-framed, flexible high-energy-density quasi-solid-state lithium metal batteries. Battery Energy. 2022;1:20210012.

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MXenes are mentioned in many applications due to their unique properties. However, the traditional etching method has a lengthy synthesis time, dangerous process, and high cost. Molten salt etching is not only short in time but also safe and simple, laying a good foundation for industrialization. Here, we compare the traditional F-containing etching method with the molten salt etching method. Transmission electron microscopy elemental mapping images and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy show that the Ti₃C₂T_x surface end of traditional etching is terminated by –F, while the Ti₃C₂T_x surface end of molten salt etching is terminated by –Cl. Finally, the sodium-ion batteries are fabricated and the performance difference of the three etching methods is compared. The results show that the capacity of 102.1 mAh g^–1 can still be reached when the molten salt etching MXene material returns to 0.1 A g^–1 after the current density of 5 A g^–1. After 500 cycles at 1 A g^–1, there is no significant loss of capacity and the Coulomb efficiency is close to 100%. This work describes that molten salt etching MXene has comparable sodium storage capacity to conventional F-containing etched MXene, making it a potential candidate for the production of large-scale sodium-ion batteries.

This work focuses on the two most common techniques, including the direct contact method (CM) and the electrochemical method (EM) in the half-cell applied for the SiO₂/C anode. After the prelithiation process, the anodes would be assembled in the coin cells paired with NMC622 cathode. According to electrochemical performance, prelithiation techniques could strengthen the initial discharged capacity and Coulombic efficiency. While the nonprelithiated sample exhibits a poor discharged capacity of 48.43 mAh·g⁻¹ and low Coulombic efficiency of 87.41% in the first cycle, the CM and EM methods illustrated a better battery performance. Specifically, the EM4C exhibited a higher initial discharged capacity and Coulombic efficiency (137.06 mAh·g⁻¹ and 95.82%, respectively) compared to the CM30 (99.08 mAh·g⁻¹ and 93.23%, respectively). As a result, this research hopes to bring some remarkable information to improve full-cell properties using SiO₂/C as an anode material by the prelithiation method.

Polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is an attractive hydrogen energy production technology that offers various advantages such as compact design, high operating pressure, high current densities, and high hydrogen gas purity. However, PEMWE still faces several critical challenges, particularly with respect to the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode. Highly active, corrosion-resistant electrocatalytic materials are required for the acidic OER owing to its sluggish kinetics involving four-electron transfer under harsh anodic potentials. To date, IrO₂- or RuO₂-based noble metal electrocatalysts have been employed as commercial acidic OER electrocatalysts for PEMWE. However, they remain inadequate in terms of satisfying the industrial activity/stability-related requirements. Above all, the two noble metals are too rare and expensive, which significantly inhibits widespread commercialization of PEMWE. Therefore, low-cost, highly active, and highly stable OER electrocatalysts that can operate in acidic media must be urgently developed. This review paper presents various state-of-the-art strategies employed to address the aforementioned issues by classifying them according to objectives such as improving activity, enhancing stability, and reducing cost. Then, finally, we summarize major tasks and strategies to overcome them and put forward a few issues in this field.

The wireless sensor network energy supply technology for the Internet of things has progressed substantially, but attempts to provide sustainable and environmentally friendly energy for sensor networks remain limited and considerably cumbersome for practical application. Energy harvesting devices based on the magnetoelectric (ME) coupling effect have promising prospects in the field of self-powered devices due to their advantages of small size, fast response, and low power consumption. Driven by application requirements, the development of composite with a self-biased magnetoelectric (SME) coupling effect provides effective strategies for the miniaturized and high-precision design of energy harvesting devices. This review summarizes the work mechanism, research status, characteristics, and structures of SME composites, with emphasis on the application and development of SME devices for vibration and magnetic energy harvesting. The main challenges and future development directions for the design and implementation of energy harvesting devices based on the SME effect are presented.

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with fast-charging capabilities have the potential to overcome the “range anxiety” issue and drive wider adoption of electric vehicles. The U.S. Advanced Battery Consortium has set a goal of fast charging, which requires charging 80% of the battery's state of charge within 15 min. However, the polarization effects under fast-charging conditions can lead to electrode structure degradation, electrolyte side reactions, lithium plating, and temperature rise, which are highly linked to the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of electrolytes. The conventional nonaqueous electrolytes used in LIBs consist of carbonate and cannot support fast-charging without compromising performance and lifespan. This review outlines the challenges of fast-charging LIBs and the requirements of electrolytes suitable for fast-charging. Additionally, recent developments in fast-charging electrolytes from four key perspectives: electrolyte additives, low-viscosity co-solvents, high concentration or localized high-concentration electrolytes, and advanced electrolytes are summarized. Furthermore, this review provides insights for the design of fast-charging electrolytes based on the mechanism of charging process and offers an overview of the current state and future direction of the field.

In this study, the electrochemical characteristics of an anode fabricated using exfoliated graphite (EG), which is mass-produced using an electrochemical method, are evaluated to verify the potential of EG as a conductive additive. EG exhibits high electrical conductivity because of the sp² bonding on the two-dimensional plane; this conductivity provides a stable electrical pathway and promotes electron transfer in the anode. Furthermore, the small number of graphene layers in EG provide excellent mechanical properties (elastic modulus, tensile strength), which suppresses the volume expansion of the anode during lithiation; therefore, EG-based anode exhibits high capacity retention and charge/discharge cycle stability. The EG with a large specific surface area improves energy density by decreasing the amount of the additive by more than 70% compared to conventional conductive additives and by simultaneously increasing the amount of the active material. The capacity of the electrode with 3.0 wt% EG reaches 376 mAh/g even after 200 cycles at 0.2 C and 99% of its initial reversible capacity. The rate performance of the electrode with 3.0 wt% EG was about 370 mAh/g at 5.0 C. These results confirm that EG can be used as a conductive additive to overcome the limitations of existing commercial conductive agents.

Antimony (Sb) holds a high theoretic capacity and suitable redox potential as a promising anode for aqueous alkaline batteries (AABs). However, the uncontrollable nucleation for SbO₂⁻ and promiscuous water-induced side reactions severely degrade the reversibility of Sb anode. Herein, the carbon-anchored Sb nanoparticles are constructed to induce uniform Sb plating/stripping for high-performance AABs. The experimental results reveal that the enhanced interaction between carbon and antimony as well as defective carbon can significantly improve the electrical conductivity and decrease the Sb nucleation overpotential. Accordingly, the as-prepared Sb anode enables preferential plating of Sb rather than parasitic side reactions. As a result, the cycle life of A-Sb/CF is sustained over 500 cycles at 10 mA cm⁻²/2 mAh cm⁻². Even at the high capacity of 4 mAh cm⁻², this anode can cycle stably for 225 cycles, which is significantly better than the Sb/CF counterpart. Furthermore, the assembled Ni₃S₂@Ni(OH)₂//A-Sb/CF full battery demonstrates a high capacity of 2.17 mAh cm⁻² and a stable cycle life of over 500 cycles.

Front Cover: In article number BTE2.20230002, Xiangming He and co-workers have shown the unique intrinsic hierarchical covalent organic framework is explored as a promising cathode material for lithium-sulfur batteries, in which the polarized sites show great potential to confine the polysulfides and accelerate lithium ions transport.

Back Cover: In article number BTE2.20230010, Ho Won Jang and co-workers have represented the movement of Li ions and the flow of electrons, illustrating their respective pathways within the battery's internal structure and connecting wires. The battery depicted in the lower center highlights the important components discussed in our manuscript, including the crystalline solid-state cathode, electrolyte, and anode. Furthermore, we have included an image illustrating the application of this battery's electrical energy in powering an electric vehicle, along with an additional depiction of the charging process.