Pub Date : 2014-07-08DOI: 10.3844/AJISP.2014.107.113
M. Zdilla, Leah D Starkey
Salivary Carbonic Anhydrase VI (CA6) is a zinc-dependent metalloenzyme which may be important for normal taste function. Though many taste assessment methods exist, the assessment of zinc sulfate tast e acuity is a method that has been suggested to have diverse relationships to human health. A double-bli nded pilot study was conducted among 21 individuals to a nalyze the relationships between salivary CA6 concentrations, zinc sulfate taste acuity and self- reported frequency of illness. ELISA was performed to quantify CA6 concentrations, the Bryce-Smith and Simpson “Zinc Taste Test” (BS-ZTT) protocol and a Taste Intensity Visual Analog Scale (TI-VAS) were utilized to assess zinc sulfate taste acuity and a h ealth history questionnaire was used to determine the fre quency of illness. A statistically significant corr elation existed between CA6 concentration and zinc sulfate taste acuity determined via the BS-ZTT ( rs = 0.62; p = 0.03). A moderate statistically significant negativ e correlation was found between self-reported frequ ency of illness and BS-ZTT scores ( rs = -0.64, p = 0.034). Likewise, a strong statistically signifi cant negative correlation was found between self-reported frequen cy of illness and TI-VAS scores ( rs = -0.81, p = 0.003). The results of this pilot study suggest that zinc s ulfate taste acuity may be reflective of salivary C A6 concentration in addition to being a retrospective indicator of illness frequency.
唾液碳酸酐酶VI (CA6)是一种锌依赖性金属酶，对正常味觉功能起重要作用。虽然存在许多味道评估方法，但硫酸锌的味觉敏锐度评估是一种被认为与人体健康有多种关系的方法。在21名受试者中进行了一项双双试验研究，以分析唾液CA6浓度、硫酸锌味觉灵敏度和自我报告患病频率之间的关系。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)定量测定CA6浓度，采用Bryce-Smith和Simpson“锌味觉测试”(BS-ZTT)方案和味觉强度视觉模拟量表(TI-VAS)评估硫酸锌味觉灵敏度，采用健康史问卷调查确定疾病频率。CA6浓度与BS-ZTT测定的硫酸锌味觉灵敏度之间存在统计学上显著的相关性(rs = 0.62;P = 0.03)。自我报告的疾病频率与BS-ZTT评分之间存在中等统计学意义的负相关(rs = -0.64, p = 0.034)。同样，自我报告的疾病频率与TI-VAS评分之间存在显著的负相关(rs = -0.81, p = 0.003)。本初步研究的结果表明，硫酸锌味觉灵敏度除了是疾病频率的回顾性指标外，还可能反映唾液中ca6的浓度。
{"title":"SALIVARY CARBONIC ANHYDRASE VI, ZINC SULFATE TASTE ACUITY AND FREQUENCY OF ILLNESS: A PILOT STUDY","authors":"M. Zdilla, Leah D Starkey","doi":"10.3844/AJISP.2014.107.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJISP.2014.107.113","url":null,"abstract":"Salivary Carbonic Anhydrase VI (CA6) is a zinc-dependent metalloenzyme which may be important for normal taste function. Though many taste assessment methods exist, the assessment of zinc sulfate tast e acuity is a method that has been suggested to have diverse relationships to human health. A double-bli nded pilot study was conducted among 21 individuals to a nalyze the relationships between salivary CA6 concentrations, zinc sulfate taste acuity and self- reported frequency of illness. ELISA was performed to quantify CA6 concentrations, the Bryce-Smith and Simpson “Zinc Taste Test” (BS-ZTT) protocol and a Taste Intensity Visual Analog Scale (TI-VAS) were utilized to assess zinc sulfate taste acuity and a h ealth history questionnaire was used to determine the fre quency of illness. A statistically significant corr elation existed between CA6 concentration and zinc sulfate taste acuity determined via the BS-ZTT ( rs = 0.62; p = 0.03). A moderate statistically significant negativ e correlation was found between self-reported frequ ency of illness and BS-ZTT scores ( rs = -0.64, p = 0.034). Likewise, a strong statistically signifi cant negative correlation was found between self-reported frequen cy of illness and TI-VAS scores ( rs = -0.81, p = 0.003). The results of this pilot study suggest that zinc s ulfate taste acuity may be reflective of salivary C A6 concentration in addition to being a retrospective indicator of illness frequency.","PeriodicalId":88361,"journal":{"name":"American journal of immunology","volume":"127 11 1","pages":"107-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3844/AJISP.2014.107.113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70189759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-05DOI: 10.3844/AJISP.2014.189.201
V. Victorino, I. Jeremias, A. Assunção
Cancer is a worldwide issue and one of the most relevant death causes in child and adults. There are several causes that can lead to cancer development. It is well known that inflammation is one known hallmark of cancer and it favors tumor cells growth. Several alterations in immunological and inflammatory processes are caused in response to tumor presence and both innate and adaptive immunity have effective mechanism to destroy tumor cells. Nevertheless, distinct tumor types developed mechanisms to evade anti-tumor immunological responses. Here, we revise researches regarding inflammation and immune response during cancer development, as well as cancer signaling pathways and immunotherapy that have been performed in Brazil. The better understanding of the mechanisms regarding cancer and immunological processes is of huge importance and it may support the development of new cancer targets.
{"title":"Immunological Processes in Cancer: A Link Between Inflammation and Immunity","authors":"V. Victorino, I. Jeremias, A. Assunção","doi":"10.3844/AJISP.2014.189.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJISP.2014.189.201","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is a worldwide issue and one of the most relevant death causes in child and adults. There are several causes that can lead to cancer development. It is well known that inflammation is one known hallmark of cancer and it favors tumor cells growth. Several alterations in immunological and inflammatory processes are caused in response to tumor presence and both innate and adaptive immunity have effective mechanism to destroy tumor cells. Nevertheless, distinct tumor types developed mechanisms to evade anti-tumor immunological responses. Here, we revise researches regarding inflammation and immune response during cancer development, as well as cancer signaling pathways and immunotherapy that have been performed in Brazil. The better understanding of the mechanisms regarding cancer and immunological processes is of huge importance and it may support the development of new cancer targets.","PeriodicalId":88361,"journal":{"name":"American journal of immunology","volume":"10 1","pages":"189-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3844/AJISP.2014.189.201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70190166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-10DOI: 10.3844/AJISP.2014.88.92
J. Minov, J. Karadžinska-Bislimovska, S. Stoleski, D. Mijakoski, M. Marsenic, S. Risteska-kuc, S. Milkovska
Subjects with sensitivities to certain pollen can e xperience oral or systemic allergic symptoms associ ated with ingestion of various fruits, vegetables and nu ts. In this case report a birch-apple-carrot associ ation in 23-year-old man suffering from pollinosis who exper ienced few episodes of oral allergy syndrome, generalized urticaria and bronchospasm immediately time after ingestion of fresh and cooked apple and carrot is presented. Skin Prick Tests (SPT) to stan dard inhalant and food allergens were positive for birch, lime, apple and carrot. SPT for apricot was also po sitive, despite the patient did not experienced any allergic symptom after consumption of fresh or cooked apricot. This case report represents the description of a n IgE-mediated systemic allergic reaction to both app le and carrot in both fresh and cooked form which i s not usual reaction in the patients with birch-food asso ciation.
{"title":"POLLEN-FRUIT SYNDROMES: A CASE WITH BIRCH-APPLE-CARROT ASSOCIATION","authors":"J. Minov, J. Karadžinska-Bislimovska, S. Stoleski, D. Mijakoski, M. Marsenic, S. Risteska-kuc, S. Milkovska","doi":"10.3844/AJISP.2014.88.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJISP.2014.88.92","url":null,"abstract":"Subjects with sensitivities to certain pollen can e xperience oral or systemic allergic symptoms associ ated with ingestion of various fruits, vegetables and nu ts. In this case report a birch-apple-carrot associ ation in 23-year-old man suffering from pollinosis who exper ienced few episodes of oral allergy syndrome, generalized urticaria and bronchospasm immediately time after ingestion of fresh and cooked apple and carrot is presented. Skin Prick Tests (SPT) to stan dard inhalant and food allergens were positive for birch, lime, apple and carrot. SPT for apricot was also po sitive, despite the patient did not experienced any allergic symptom after consumption of fresh or cooked apricot. This case report represents the description of a n IgE-mediated systemic allergic reaction to both app le and carrot in both fresh and cooked form which i s not usual reaction in the patients with birch-food asso ciation.","PeriodicalId":88361,"journal":{"name":"American journal of immunology","volume":"10 1","pages":"88-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3844/AJISP.2014.88.92","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70190394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-08DOI: 10.3844/AJISP.2014.73.87
Mykea Mcknight, J. Allen, Jenora T Waterman, S. Hurley, J. Idassi, R. C. Minor
Plant based products represent a promising alternat ive to conventional treatments for inflammation. Moringa oleifera Lam is a tree rich in proteins, vitamins, minerals and a variety of phytochemcals with health benefits. Among the reported health benefits are antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of th is study was to investigate whether tea brewed from dried Moringa leaves would abrogate inflammation in a mouse model of acute lung inflammation induced by LPS or extracts prepared from dust collected from a swine confinement facility (DE). Mice were offered water or Moringa tea for seven days. Tea consumption was significantly greater than that of water consumptio n on days 1 and 6, but there were no significant di fferences in weight gain or food consumption. On day seven, mice from both groups were forced to inhale, via int ranasal challenge, either Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS), Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) [10 μg mL -1 ] or DE [10%]. Compared to mice that drank water, mice that drank Moringa tea had significantly less protein (p<0.05) and cellular influx (p<0.0001) into the lung after inha lation of 10% DE. No difference in neutrophil migra tion into the lungs of water and M. tea groups after LPS or D E challenge was detected. But mice that drank tea h ad significantly (p<0.05) more neutrophils with apopto tic morphology after DE challenge. TNF-α expression 24 h after inhalation of 10% DE, was significantly highe r (p<0.05) in lungs of M. tea mouse group as compared to water group. This increase in TNF-α was accompanied by higher levels of pro and anti-i nflammatory cytokines. Finally, activation of c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) in lungs of M. tea+DE group 24 h post inhalation was decreased. Taken together these resu lts suggest that Moringa oleifera leaf tea exerts antiinflammatory properties on acute lung inflammation induced by swine confinement dust through a mechanism involving neutrophil regulation and JNK activation.
植物为基础的产品代表了一个有希望的替代传统治疗炎症。辣木是一种富含蛋白质、维生素、矿物质和多种有益健康的植物化学物质的树。据报道，其健康益处包括抗氧化和抗炎特性。本研究的目的是研究用干辣木叶冲泡的茶是否能消除LPS诱导的急性肺部炎症小鼠模型或从猪笼设施(DE)收集的灰尘中提取的提取物。给老鼠喝水或喝辣木茶7天。第1天和第6天，茶的摄入量显著大于水的摄入量，但在体重增加和食物摄入量方面没有显著差异。第7天，两组小鼠通过鼻灌胃吸入磷酸缓冲盐水(PBS)、脂多糖(LPS) [10 μg mL -1]或DE[10%]。与喝水的小鼠相比，喝辣木茶的小鼠在摄入10% DE后，肺内的蛋白质(p<0.05)和细胞内流(p<0.0001)显著减少。LPS或DE攻毒后，水组和辣木茶组肺内的中性粒细胞迁移量无差异。而饮茶组小鼠在DE刺激后具有凋亡形态的中性粒细胞明显增多(p<0.05)。吸入10% DE后24 h，茶鼠组肺组织TNF-α表达显著高于水组(p<0.05)。TNF-α的升高伴随着促炎性和抗炎性细胞因子的升高。最后，M. tea+DE组吸入24 h后肺c-Jun n -末端激酶(c-Jun N-terminal Kinase, JNK)活性降低。综上所述，辣木叶茶对猪坐月子粉尘引起的急性肺炎症具有抗炎作用，其机制涉及中性粒细胞调节和JNK激活。
{"title":"MORINGA TEA BLOCKS ACUTE LUNG INFLAMMATION INDUCED BY SWINE CONFINEMENT DUST THROUGH A MECHANISM INVOLVING TNF-α EXPRESSION, C-JUN N-TERMINAL KINASE ACTIVATION AND NEUTROPHIL REGULATION","authors":"Mykea Mcknight, J. Allen, Jenora T Waterman, S. Hurley, J. Idassi, R. C. Minor","doi":"10.3844/AJISP.2014.73.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJISP.2014.73.87","url":null,"abstract":"Plant based products represent a promising alternat ive to conventional treatments for inflammation. Moringa oleifera Lam is a tree rich in proteins, vitamins, minerals and a variety of phytochemcals with health benefits. Among the reported health benefits are antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of th is study was to investigate whether tea brewed from dried Moringa leaves would abrogate inflammation in a mouse model of acute lung inflammation induced by LPS or extracts prepared from dust collected from a swine confinement facility (DE). Mice were offered water or Moringa tea for seven days. Tea consumption was significantly greater than that of water consumptio n on days 1 and 6, but there were no significant di fferences in weight gain or food consumption. On day seven, mice from both groups were forced to inhale, via int ranasal challenge, either Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS), Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) [10 μg mL -1 ] or DE [10%]. Compared to mice that drank water, mice that drank Moringa tea had significantly less protein (p<0.05) and cellular influx (p<0.0001) into the lung after inha lation of 10% DE. No difference in neutrophil migra tion into the lungs of water and M. tea groups after LPS or D E challenge was detected. But mice that drank tea h ad significantly (p<0.05) more neutrophils with apopto tic morphology after DE challenge. TNF-α expression 24 h after inhalation of 10% DE, was significantly highe r (p<0.05) in lungs of M. tea mouse group as compared to water group. This increase in TNF-α was accompanied by higher levels of pro and anti-i nflammatory cytokines. Finally, activation of c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) in lungs of M. tea+DE group 24 h post inhalation was decreased. Taken together these resu lts suggest that Moringa oleifera leaf tea exerts antiinflammatory properties on acute lung inflammation induced by swine confinement dust through a mechanism involving neutrophil regulation and JNK activation.","PeriodicalId":88361,"journal":{"name":"American journal of immunology","volume":"10 1","pages":"73-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3844/AJISP.2014.73.87","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70190124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-05DOI: 10.3844/AJISP.2014.63.72
Heba M Kadry, A. Atta, M. K. Sultan, Nagwa El-Baz
Asthma is a complex polygenic disease in which Cysteinyl Leukotrienes (Cys-LTs) are a potential risk factors causing airway inflammation and remodeling, which are characteristics of asthma. The polymorphisms in the leukotriene C4 synthase -444A/C and cysteinyl leukotriene receptor1 927 T/C genes has been implicated in susceptibility to asthma. The objective of this study was to analyse two different polymorphisms, LTC4S-444 A/C and Cys-LTR1 927 T/C single nucleotide polymorphism and to determine whether there is an association between these polymorphisms and asthma development. The study included two groups (30 asthmatics and 30 healthy controls). They were genotyped for the LTC4S-444 A/C and CysLTR1 927 T/C polymorphisms by PCR-RFLP. Their total serum IgE levels and urinary LTE4 levels were measured by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). IgE levels and urinary leukotriene E4 levels were higher in patient group than control group. The genotype and allele frequencies of both LTC4S-444 A/C and CysLTR1 927 T/C polymorphism were not significantly different between asthmatic patients and control group. While urinary leukotriene E4 levels were significantly higher in variant types of LTC4 synthase (AC and CC) compared to wild type (AA). This study does not support the role of these polymorphisms in genetic susceptibility to asthma but provide an evidence for a functional role of LTC4 synthase-444 A/C polymorphism on Cys-LT synthesis.
{"title":"LEUKOTRIENE C4 SYNTHASE AND LEUKOTRIENE RECEPTOR-1 GENES POLYMORPHISM AMONG ATOPIC ASTHMATIC PATIENTS","authors":"Heba M Kadry, A. Atta, M. K. Sultan, Nagwa El-Baz","doi":"10.3844/AJISP.2014.63.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJISP.2014.63.72","url":null,"abstract":"Asthma is a complex polygenic disease in which Cysteinyl Leukotrienes (Cys-LTs) are a potential risk factors causing airway inflammation and remodeling, which are characteristics of asthma. The polymorphisms in the leukotriene C4 synthase -444A/C and cysteinyl leukotriene receptor1 927 T/C genes has been implicated in susceptibility to asthma. The objective of this study was to analyse two different polymorphisms, LTC4S-444 A/C and Cys-LTR1 927 T/C single nucleotide polymorphism and to determine whether there is an association between these polymorphisms and asthma development. The study included two groups (30 asthmatics and 30 healthy controls). They were genotyped for the LTC4S-444 A/C and CysLTR1 927 T/C polymorphisms by PCR-RFLP. Their total serum IgE levels and urinary LTE4 levels were measured by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). IgE levels and urinary leukotriene E4 levels were higher in patient group than control group. The genotype and allele frequencies of both LTC4S-444 A/C and CysLTR1 927 T/C polymorphism were not significantly different between asthmatic patients and control group. While urinary leukotriene E4 levels were significantly higher in variant types of LTC4 synthase (AC and CC) compared to wild type (AA). This study does not support the role of these polymorphisms in genetic susceptibility to asthma but provide an evidence for a functional role of LTC4 synthase-444 A/C polymorphism on Cys-LT synthesis.","PeriodicalId":88361,"journal":{"name":"American journal of immunology","volume":"10 1","pages":"63-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3844/AJISP.2014.63.72","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70190061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-26DOI: 10.3844/AJISP.2014.56.62
M. Fasihi-Ramandi, Amir Nedjad-Moghaddam, Fatemeh Arabsalmany, S. Asgari, Sajjad Ahmadi-Renani, K. Ahmadi
There are many studies related to immunological and molecular methods for diagnosis of Vibrio cholera (V. cholerae ). However, most assays dependent on enrichment of culture of bacteria, which need more time and involves the use of costly equipment and reagents. In this study Balb/c mice were immunized with recombinant Outer Membrane Protein (rOMPw) of vibrio cholerae and splenocytes of hyper immunized mice were fused with murine myeloma Sp2/0 cells. Positive hybridomas were selected by ELISA using rOMPw as coating antigen. The monoclonal antibodies from ascitic fluids were purified and its reaction with rOMPw was assessed by ELISA. Polyclonal antibodies were also produced by immunization of rabbits with the above mentioned antigen. The rabbit sera w as affinity purified using Hi-Trap protein G column . The result showed that monoclonal antibody specific to rOMPw has been successfully generated. The monoclonal antibody reacted with recombinant OMPw in ELISA and immunonoblat method. Rabbit polyclonal antibody was also bound to rOMPw by ELISA. The results of agglutination test with whole bacteria also showed that both mouse monoclonal and rabbit polyclonal antibodies reacted with whole vibrio cholera but not other related bacteria . The purpose of this study was to check out if ant i OMPw antibodies could use as diagnostic assay for detect ion of V. cholerae . Our results demonstrated that anti recombinant OMPw monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies are able to diagnose whole bacteria in pure culture using agglutination test but not by home ma de immunochromatic strip test.
{"title":"PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MONOCLONAL AND POLYCLONAL ANTIBODY AGAINST RECOMBINANT OUTER MEMBRANE PROTEIN","authors":"M. Fasihi-Ramandi, Amir Nedjad-Moghaddam, Fatemeh Arabsalmany, S. Asgari, Sajjad Ahmadi-Renani, K. Ahmadi","doi":"10.3844/AJISP.2014.56.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJISP.2014.56.62","url":null,"abstract":"There are many studies related to immunological and molecular methods for diagnosis of Vibrio cholera (V. cholerae ). However, most assays dependent on enrichment of culture of bacteria, which need more time and involves the use of costly equipment and reagents. In this study Balb/c mice were immunized with recombinant Outer Membrane Protein (rOMPw) of vibrio cholerae and splenocytes of hyper immunized mice were fused with murine myeloma Sp2/0 cells. Positive hybridomas were selected by ELISA using rOMPw as coating antigen. The monoclonal antibodies from ascitic fluids were purified and its reaction with rOMPw was assessed by ELISA. Polyclonal antibodies were also produced by immunization of rabbits with the above mentioned antigen. The rabbit sera w as affinity purified using Hi-Trap protein G column . The result showed that monoclonal antibody specific to rOMPw has been successfully generated. The monoclonal antibody reacted with recombinant OMPw in ELISA and immunonoblat method. Rabbit polyclonal antibody was also bound to rOMPw by ELISA. The results of agglutination test with whole bacteria also showed that both mouse monoclonal and rabbit polyclonal antibodies reacted with whole vibrio cholera but not other related bacteria . The purpose of this study was to check out if ant i OMPw antibodies could use as diagnostic assay for detect ion of V. cholerae . Our results demonstrated that anti recombinant OMPw monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies are able to diagnose whole bacteria in pure culture using agglutination test but not by home ma de immunochromatic strip test.","PeriodicalId":88361,"journal":{"name":"American journal of immunology","volume":"10 1","pages":"56-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3844/AJISP.2014.56.62","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70189997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-01DOI: 10.3844/AJISP.2014.202.206
F. C. Campos
Due to our current interest in the study of the relationship between hematological malignancies and oxidative stress, in this review we addressed the recent finding regarding this issue, focusing on the clinical findings concerning the oxidative status of patients diagnosed with hematological cancers. This study is a descriptive review of the literature. For the theoretical scientific background, we used the electronic PubMed search engines. It is possible to find several studies involving oxidative stress and hematological cancer, analyzing the many ways regarding the imbalance of excessive free radical production and its neutralization by antioxidants. The present review highlights the need for studies to understand the main role of oxidative stress as a cause or consequence of hematological neoplasms, as well as its participation as beneficial for either the host or tumor cells.
{"title":"Redox Modifications and Hematological Neoplasms-an Overview","authors":"F. C. Campos","doi":"10.3844/AJISP.2014.202.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJISP.2014.202.206","url":null,"abstract":"Due to our current interest in the study of the relationship between hematological malignancies and oxidative stress, in this review we addressed the recent finding regarding this issue, focusing on the clinical findings concerning the oxidative status of patients diagnosed with hematological cancers. This study is a descriptive review of the literature. For the theoretical scientific background, we used the electronic PubMed search engines. It is possible to find several studies involving oxidative stress and hematological cancer, analyzing the many ways regarding the imbalance of excessive free radical production and its neutralization by antioxidants. The present review highlights the need for studies to understand the main role of oxidative stress as a cause or consequence of hematological neoplasms, as well as its participation as beneficial for either the host or tumor cells.","PeriodicalId":88361,"journal":{"name":"American journal of immunology","volume":"10 1","pages":"202-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3844/AJISP.2014.202.206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70189734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-01DOI: 10.3844/AJISP.2014.183.188
J. Macri, S. S. Silva, M. M. Miranda, N. Y. Kawakami, T. H. Hayashida, T. Madeira, S. Nixdorf, Vinicius Ricardo Acquaro Junior, S. Ambrósio, W. Verri, R. Cecchini, I. Conchon-Costa, N. S. Arakawa, W. Pavanelli
Kaurenoic acid has been displaying anti-inflammatory effect described in different models. However, the per se immunomodulatory effects of kaurenoic acid remain to be investigated. Thus, the immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of kaurenoic acid were investigated in vitro on peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c mice. Kaurenoic acid induced per se the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFI±, IL-1I² and IFN-I³ while also increased the levels of IL-10. There was also reduction of NO production and induction of anti-oxidant profile. Therefore, in addition to inhibiting inflammation, kaurenoic acid presents immunomodulatory effects per se.
{"title":"Immunomodulatory and Antioxidant Properties of Kaurenoic Acid on Macrophages of BALB/c in Vitro","authors":"J. Macri, S. S. Silva, M. M. Miranda, N. Y. Kawakami, T. H. Hayashida, T. Madeira, S. Nixdorf, Vinicius Ricardo Acquaro Junior, S. Ambrósio, W. Verri, R. Cecchini, I. Conchon-Costa, N. S. Arakawa, W. Pavanelli","doi":"10.3844/AJISP.2014.183.188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJISP.2014.183.188","url":null,"abstract":"Kaurenoic acid has been displaying anti-inflammatory effect described in different models. However, the per se immunomodulatory effects of kaurenoic acid remain to be investigated. Thus, the immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of kaurenoic acid were investigated in vitro on peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c mice. Kaurenoic acid induced per se the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFI±, IL-1I² and IFN-I³ while also increased the levels of IL-10. There was also reduction of NO production and induction of anti-oxidant profile. Therefore, in addition to inhibiting inflammation, kaurenoic acid presents immunomodulatory effects per se.","PeriodicalId":88361,"journal":{"name":"American journal of immunology","volume":"10 1","pages":"183-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3844/AJISP.2014.183.188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70190096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-01DOI: 10.3844/AJISP.2014.215.224
B. R. Pires, A. Mencalha, G. Ferreira, C. Panis, R. C. M. C. Silva, E. Abdelhay
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor that is present in all metazoans from early embryonic development throughout adult life. It plays a major roles in the different stress responses that are triggered by low Oxygen (O2) levels and its expression is associated with cell survival. HIF-1 is a heterodimer protein that comprises the subunits HIF-1I± and HIF-1I². The HIF-1I± subunit is regulated by O2-dependent hydroxylation of proline and asparagine residues, which results in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome degradation. It may also be regulated independently of O2. This review discusses the regulatory mechanisms and biological significance of HIF-1I± with regard to cancer development and immune regulation. HIF-1I± stabilization under hypoxic conditions is crucial to the survival of established tumors and cancer stem cells. HIF-1I± is included in the hallmarks of cancer that are related to energy metabolism, although there is clear evidence that this transcription factor might participate in other hallmarks, such as angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, self-sufficiency in proliferation signals and even apoptosis evasion. With regard to immunology, HIF-1I± regulates Interleukin (IL)-1I², IL-8 and Heme-Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and despite some conflicting results, HIF-1I± is considered to be an important component of innate immune cell-mediated inflammation. With regard to the adaptive immune response, HIF-1I± expression is related to Th17 polarization and Treg inhibition. Thus, the HIF-1I± signaling pathway has been designated as a promising target for new drugs in several studies.
{"title":"The Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Signaling Pathway and its Relation to Cancer and Immunology","authors":"B. R. Pires, A. Mencalha, G. Ferreira, C. Panis, R. C. M. C. Silva, E. Abdelhay","doi":"10.3844/AJISP.2014.215.224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJISP.2014.215.224","url":null,"abstract":"Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor that is present in all metazoans from early embryonic development throughout adult life. It plays a major roles in the different stress responses that are triggered by low Oxygen (O2) levels and its expression is associated with cell survival. HIF-1 is a heterodimer protein that comprises the subunits HIF-1I± and HIF-1I². The HIF-1I± subunit is regulated by O2-dependent hydroxylation of proline and asparagine residues, which results in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome degradation. It may also be regulated independently of O2. This review discusses the regulatory mechanisms and biological significance of HIF-1I± with regard to cancer development and immune regulation. HIF-1I± stabilization under hypoxic conditions is crucial to the survival of established tumors and cancer stem cells. HIF-1I± is included in the hallmarks of cancer that are related to energy metabolism, although there is clear evidence that this transcription factor might participate in other hallmarks, such as angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, self-sufficiency in proliferation signals and even apoptosis evasion. With regard to immunology, HIF-1I± regulates Interleukin (IL)-1I², IL-8 and Heme-Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and despite some conflicting results, HIF-1I± is considered to be an important component of innate immune cell-mediated inflammation. With regard to the adaptive immune response, HIF-1I± expression is related to Th17 polarization and Treg inhibition. Thus, the HIF-1I± signaling pathway has been designated as a promising target for new drugs in several studies.","PeriodicalId":88361,"journal":{"name":"American journal of immunology","volume":"10 1","pages":"215-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3844/AJISP.2014.215.224","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70189779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-01DOI: 10.3844/AJISP.2014.207.214
P. Marinello, Kaliana Larissa Machado, R. Cecchini, A. Cecchini
This article presents a general discussion about the participation of oxidative stress in relevant points related to breast cancer progression in vitro. All of the evidences presented here are based on published papers that used breast cancer cells with different phenotype characteristics in their research. We observed that oxidative stress could modulate by several manners the tumor progression and these effects are directly related to its concentration and time of cell exposure to these substances. Furthermore, oxidative stress produced and released by breast cancer cells is able to interfere in the metabolism of the adjacent normal cells in a manner that improve the survival of the neoplastic cells. In relation to breast cancer treatment, the role of oxidative stress is complex. At the same time that it can be responsible to the induction of cell death, oxidative stress can also modulate pathway that leads to increased expression of anti-apoptotic and resistance-related proteins. Therefore, the participation of oxidative stress in breast cancer is complex and very broad and its better understanding could be important to the development of more effective therapeutic strategies for the different forms clinically found of the disease.
{"title":"The Participation of Oxidative Stress in Breast Cancer Cells Progression and Treatment Resistance","authors":"P. Marinello, Kaliana Larissa Machado, R. Cecchini, A. Cecchini","doi":"10.3844/AJISP.2014.207.214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJISP.2014.207.214","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a general discussion about the participation of oxidative stress in relevant points related to breast cancer progression in vitro. All of the evidences presented here are based on published papers that used breast cancer cells with different phenotype characteristics in their research. We observed that oxidative stress could modulate by several manners the tumor progression and these effects are directly related to its concentration and time of cell exposure to these substances. Furthermore, oxidative stress produced and released by breast cancer cells is able to interfere in the metabolism of the adjacent normal cells in a manner that improve the survival of the neoplastic cells. In relation to breast cancer treatment, the role of oxidative stress is complex. At the same time that it can be responsible to the induction of cell death, oxidative stress can also modulate pathway that leads to increased expression of anti-apoptotic and resistance-related proteins. Therefore, the participation of oxidative stress in breast cancer is complex and very broad and its better understanding could be important to the development of more effective therapeutic strategies for the different forms clinically found of the disease.","PeriodicalId":88361,"journal":{"name":"American journal of immunology","volume":"10 1","pages":"207-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3844/AJISP.2014.207.214","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70189769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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