Pub Date : 2021-03-21DOI: 10.31557/APJCB.2021.6.1.49-55
Mahmoud Tag El-Hussien, M. Hassan
Objectives: To identify the relevance of neuroendocrine differentiation in non-small cell lung cancer and its correlation with different pathological features. Materials and Methods: A total number of 30 cases of per cutaneous CT guided biopsies of primary non-small lung cancer were collected in the pathology department of Misr University for Science and Technology Giza, Egypt and private practice in the time period from January 2018 till December 2020. Immunohistochemical study for neuroendocrine differentiation was performed using mono clonal antibodies against synaptophysin, chromogranin A and CD56. For all selected cases, clinical and pathological data such as age, gender, histologic types, grade and clinical stage were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed with the results of neuroendocrine markers expression. Cases with incomplete pathological data and cases with histologic picture of neuroendocrine differentiation were excluded. Results: A total number of 30 cases of primary non-small lung cancer were enrolled in this study. The median age of patients was 61.5 years. There were 21 (70%) males and 9 (30%) females. Regarding neuroendocrine markers, positivity for either marker was identified in 23.3% of non-small cell lung cancer. Chromogranin A was positively expressed in 9 (30%) of cases, synaptophysin was positively expressed in 7 (23.3%) of cases and CD56 was positively expressed in 5 (16.7%) of cases. Only 2 cases (6.7%) showed co-expression of two markers. It was found that there was a high significant relation between chromogranin A expression and clinical stage. Chromogranin A expression was significantly higher in stage III than stage I and II (P<0.001). There was no statistical significant difference between synaptophysin, chromogranin A and CD56 expressions and the rest of the studied pathologic data. Conclusion: A considerable number of non-small cell lung cancer has neuroendocrine differentiation for at least one neuroendocrine marker despite absence of morphologic features. Much less number of cases showed expression of two markers. A reasonable panel of neuroendocrine markers is recommended to detect this differentiation which may have a clinical impact and optimize an alternative therapeutic option.
{"title":"Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and its Relation to Different Pathologic Features: An Immunohistochemical Study","authors":"Mahmoud Tag El-Hussien, M. Hassan","doi":"10.31557/APJCB.2021.6.1.49-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/APJCB.2021.6.1.49-55","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To identify the relevance of neuroendocrine differentiation in non-small cell lung cancer and its correlation with different pathological features. Materials and Methods: A total number of 30 cases of per cutaneous CT guided biopsies of primary non-small lung cancer were collected in the pathology department of Misr University for Science and Technology Giza, Egypt and private practice in the time period from January 2018 till December 2020. Immunohistochemical study for neuroendocrine differentiation was performed using mono clonal antibodies against synaptophysin, chromogranin A and CD56. For all selected cases, clinical and pathological data such as age, gender, histologic types, grade and clinical stage were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed with the results of neuroendocrine markers expression. Cases with incomplete pathological data and cases with histologic picture of neuroendocrine differentiation were excluded. Results: A total number of 30 cases of primary non-small lung cancer were enrolled in this study. The median age of patients was 61.5 years. There were 21 (70%) males and 9 (30%) females. Regarding neuroendocrine markers, positivity for either marker was identified in 23.3% of non-small cell lung cancer. Chromogranin A was positively expressed in 9 (30%) of cases, synaptophysin was positively expressed in 7 (23.3%) of cases and CD56 was positively expressed in 5 (16.7%) of cases. Only 2 cases (6.7%) showed co-expression of two markers. It was found that there was a high significant relation between chromogranin A expression and clinical stage. Chromogranin A expression was significantly higher in stage III than stage I and II (P<0.001). There was no statistical significant difference between synaptophysin, chromogranin A and CD56 expressions and the rest of the studied pathologic data. Conclusion: A considerable number of non-small cell lung cancer has neuroendocrine differentiation for at least one neuroendocrine marker despite absence of morphologic features. Much less number of cases showed expression of two markers. A reasonable panel of neuroendocrine markers is recommended to detect this differentiation which may have a clinical impact and optimize an alternative therapeutic option. ","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"271 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74368944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2020.5.4.167-171
Nilajkumar Bagde, Madhuri N. Bagde, Z. Lone
Introduction: Ovarian tumors pose a diagnostic predicament as it is difficult to differentiate benign from malignant without a histopathology report. Appropriate tumor markers may serve as diagnostic aid to better decision making in the management of these cases. We attempted to determine the relationship between age, serum markers, and histopathological sub types of ovarian tumors to help distinguish benign from malignant tumors.Methods: A retrospective cross sectional study of all cases with ovarian tumors that had available histopathology reports and tumor marker levels was done at a single centre. Variables examined were age, histopathology report and serum tumor markers CA-125, CEA, CA19-9, LDH, and βHCG. Results: Histopathological analysis revealed 26% teratomas, 28% cystadenomas, 14% corpus luteal cysts, 26% carcinomas and 6% endometriomas. CA-125 was the only marker that was significantly raised in malignant versus benign tumors (p=0.008) and increased with increasing age. All women with raised CEA reports had teratomas, and none with cancers had a raised CEA. CA19-9, LDH and βHCG were not significantly different in benign versus malignant tumors.Conclusions: CA-125 may be used as an adjuvant diagnostic tool for ovarian cancer in older women. The role of CEA as a marker for teratomas needs further evaluation.
{"title":"Relationship between Serum Tumor Markers, CA-125, CEA, CA19-9, LDH, and βHCG with Histopathology and Age in Women with Ovarian Tumors","authors":"Nilajkumar Bagde, Madhuri N. Bagde, Z. Lone","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2020.5.4.167-171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2020.5.4.167-171","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Ovarian tumors pose a diagnostic predicament as it is difficult to differentiate benign from malignant without a histopathology report. Appropriate tumor markers may serve as diagnostic aid to better decision making in the management of these cases. We attempted to determine the relationship between age, serum markers, and histopathological sub types of ovarian tumors to help distinguish benign from malignant tumors.Methods: A retrospective cross sectional study of all cases with ovarian tumors that had available histopathology reports and tumor marker levels was done at a single centre. Variables examined were age, histopathology report and serum tumor markers CA-125, CEA, CA19-9, LDH, and βHCG. Results: Histopathological analysis revealed 26% teratomas, 28% cystadenomas, 14% corpus luteal cysts, 26% carcinomas and 6% endometriomas. CA-125 was the only marker that was significantly raised in malignant versus benign tumors (p=0.008) and increased with increasing age. All women with raised CEA reports had teratomas, and none with cancers had a raised CEA. CA19-9, LDH and βHCG were not significantly different in benign versus malignant tumors.Conclusions: CA-125 may be used as an adjuvant diagnostic tool for ovarian cancer in older women. The role of CEA as a marker for teratomas needs further evaluation.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82184592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-07DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2020.5.4.211-219
A. Zouré, B. Bayala, H. A. Bambara, A. Y. Sawadogo, C. Ouedraogo, J. Lobaccaro, J. Simporé
Objective: Gynaecological cancers are public health diseases and contribute to the global burden of diseases. In West Africa most have been carried out on all gynaecological and breast cases to describe the epidemiological features and management modalities.Methods: Our research covered a period from 1998 to 2018. The terms “gynaecological cancers” and “West Africa”; are used to find records in the research databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Google Scholar). There are countries (Cape Verde, Guinea, Gambia, Liberia, Sierra Leone) in which we have not found any work in the research databases. The process for selecting studies followed selection steps based on PRISMA 2009. Result: Cervical cancer is the commonest, followed by breast cancer, ovarian cancer, uterine or endometrial cancers, vaginal cancer and vulvar cancer. The lowest common was tubal cancers. The two English-speaking countries, Nigeria and Ghana, recorded 60 (60.82%) and 16 (15.68%) articles published respectively. At the same time, these two countries reported the most cases of gynaecological cancers including 72,848 cases (68.97%), 12, 327 cases (11.67%) and 12, 021 cases (11.38%) for Nigeria, Cote d’Ivoire and Ghana respectively. West Africa countries are characterised by poor outcome due to ignorance, superstition, self-denial, late presentation and unavailability of treatment facilities. Conclusion: Our study suggests that comprehensive national health insurance schemes as well as preventive strategies, patient and health work force education may improve the current situation. Also, West African countries must necessarily have a policy of acquiring the technical platforms to carry out these diagnostic and prognostic examinations.
{"title":"Epidemiological Situation and Medical Management of Gynaecological and Breast Cancers from 1998 to 2018 in West Africa: A Systematic Review","authors":"A. Zouré, B. Bayala, H. A. Bambara, A. Y. Sawadogo, C. Ouedraogo, J. Lobaccaro, J. Simporé","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2020.5.4.211-219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2020.5.4.211-219","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Gynaecological cancers are public health diseases and contribute to the global burden of diseases. In West Africa most have been carried out on all gynaecological and breast cases to describe the epidemiological features and management modalities.Methods: Our research covered a period from 1998 to 2018. The terms “gynaecological cancers” and “West Africa”; are used to find records in the research databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Google Scholar). There are countries (Cape Verde, Guinea, Gambia, Liberia, Sierra Leone) in which we have not found any work in the research databases. The process for selecting studies followed selection steps based on PRISMA 2009. Result: Cervical cancer is the commonest, followed by breast cancer, ovarian cancer, uterine or endometrial cancers, vaginal cancer and vulvar cancer. The lowest common was tubal cancers. The two English-speaking countries, Nigeria and Ghana, recorded 60 (60.82%) and 16 (15.68%) articles published respectively. At the same time, these two countries reported the most cases of gynaecological cancers including 72,848 cases (68.97%), 12, 327 cases (11.67%) and 12, 021 cases (11.38%) for Nigeria, Cote d’Ivoire and Ghana respectively. West Africa countries are characterised by poor outcome due to ignorance, superstition, self-denial, late presentation and unavailability of treatment facilities. Conclusion: Our study suggests that comprehensive national health insurance schemes as well as preventive strategies, patient and health work force education may improve the current situation. Also, West African countries must necessarily have a policy of acquiring the technical platforms to carry out these diagnostic and prognostic examinations.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77819173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-21DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2020.5.2.63-70
T. Dorji, H. Pokhrel, T. Tshokey
Background: The case burden of cervical cancer has been increasing globally especially in developing countries without proper health system. Cervical cancer can be eliminated with timely vaccination and screening program as it usually takes years for pre-malignant lesions to develop into malignant lesion. Bhutan has committed to eliminate cervical cancer. Thus, it is important to understand the factors associated with abnormal Pap test findings. Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted using the Pap smear data for the year 2018. It was extracted from the records maintained in the cytology unit of Samtse General Hospital. Result: The abnormal slide rate in this study was 2.5%. The majority of women seeking Pap smear services were women in reproductive age group and housewife by occupation. There were significant differences between age groups and marital status among normal in the Pap test results. Conclusion: The slide abnormality of Pap smear in Samtse District is low. The abnormality is more common among married and older women. Therefore, additional screening efforts needs to be put into this group to detect pre-malignant lesions.
{"title":"Socio-demographic and Clinical Characteristic of Women Availing Pap Smear Services in Samtse District, Bhutan","authors":"T. Dorji, H. Pokhrel, T. Tshokey","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2020.5.2.63-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2020.5.2.63-70","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The case burden of cervical cancer has been increasing globally especially in developing countries without proper health system. Cervical cancer can be eliminated with timely vaccination and screening program as it usually takes years for pre-malignant lesions to develop into malignant lesion. Bhutan has committed to eliminate cervical cancer. Thus, it is important to understand the factors associated with abnormal Pap test findings. Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted using the Pap smear data for the year 2018. It was extracted from the records maintained in the cytology unit of Samtse General Hospital. Result: The abnormal slide rate in this study was 2.5%. The majority of women seeking Pap smear services were women in reproductive age group and housewife by occupation. There were significant differences between age groups and marital status among normal in the Pap test results. Conclusion: The slide abnormality of Pap smear in Samtse District is low. The abnormality is more common among married and older women. Therefore, additional screening efforts needs to be put into this group to detect pre-malignant lesions.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81324846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-21DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2020.5.2.57-62
M. Sanaei, F. Kavoosi
Objective: DNA methylation, the covalent addition of a methyl group to cytosine, and histone modification play an important role in the establishment and maintenance of the program of gene expression. The balance of histone acetylation is determined by the activities of two groups of enzymes including histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Histone deacetylation is generally associated with silencing gene expression resulting in several solid tumors. HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) are the new class of potential anticancer compounds for the treatment of the solid and hematological cancers. The current study was designed to evaluate the effect of trichostatin A (TSA) on histone deacetylases 1, 2 and 3, p21Cip1/Waf1/Sdi1 (p21), p27Kip1 (p27), and p57Kip2 (p57) gene expression in breast cancer SK-BR-3 cell line. Materials and Methods: The breast cancer SK-BR-3 line was treated with TSA. To determine cell viability, cell apoptosis, and the relative expression level of the genes, MTT assay, cell apoptosis assay, and qRT-PCR were done respectively. Results: TSA significantly inhibited cell growth, and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, this compound increased p21, p27, and p57 and decreased histone deacetylases 1, 2 and 3 gene expression significantly. Conclusion: The TSA can reactivate the p21, p27, and p57 through down-regulation of histone deacetylases 1, 2 and 3 gene expression.
{"title":"Effect of Trichostatin A on Histone Deacetylases 1, 2 and 3, p21Cip1/Waf1/Sdi1, p27Kip1, and p57Kip2 Gene Expression in Breast Cancer SK-BR-3 Cell Line","authors":"M. Sanaei, F. Kavoosi","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2020.5.2.57-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2020.5.2.57-62","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: DNA methylation, the covalent addition of a methyl group to cytosine, and histone modification play an important role in the establishment and maintenance of the program of gene expression. The balance of histone acetylation is determined by the activities of two groups of enzymes including histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Histone deacetylation is generally associated with silencing gene expression resulting in several solid tumors. HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) are the new class of potential anticancer compounds for the treatment of the solid and hematological cancers. The current study was designed to evaluate the effect of trichostatin A (TSA) on histone deacetylases 1, 2 and 3, p21Cip1/Waf1/Sdi1 (p21), p27Kip1 (p27), and p57Kip2 (p57) gene expression in breast cancer SK-BR-3 cell line. Materials and Methods: The breast cancer SK-BR-3 line was treated with TSA. To determine cell viability, cell apoptosis, and the relative expression level of the genes, MTT assay, cell apoptosis assay, and qRT-PCR were done respectively. Results: TSA significantly inhibited cell growth, and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, this compound increased p21, p27, and p57 and decreased histone deacetylases 1, 2 and 3 gene expression significantly. Conclusion: The TSA can reactivate the p21, p27, and p57 through down-regulation of histone deacetylases 1, 2 and 3 gene expression.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88958214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-12DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2020.5.2.49-56
A. Kaplan, H. M. Kutlu
Background: Metal compounds have been studied in vitro for many years and these compounds’s effects are shown on tumors. Anticancer potential of silver and silver metal compounds is investigated in these days. A study on the in vitro interactions of silver nitrate (AgNO3) with MCF7 human breast carcinoma cells was performed to detect cytotoxic effects which induce apoptotic pathways.Materials and Methods: The cytotoxicity of silver nitrate which administered on MCF7 cells was assessed by MTT assay. The apoptotic influences of silver nitrate (IC50: inhibition concentration) were determined using Annexin V-FITC/PI, JC-1, TUNEL paraffin embedded and confocal microscopy assays. Silver nitrate induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in MCF7 cells. Results: In this work, we demonstrated that the inhibition of cell growth which is time and dose dependent in MCF7 cells for 24, 48 and 72 hours. The inhibition concentration of silver nitrate (IC50) was found as 10 µM in MCF7 cells for 72 hrs. The early/late apoptotic and necrotic changes which occured with silver nitrate (IC50: 10µM) administered, were analyzed in the MCF7 cells for 72 hrs. However, the reduced mitochondrial membrane activity (ΔΨmt) was observed by silver nitrate-treated (IC50: 10µM) in the MCF7 cells for 72 hrs. In addition to these findings, a variety of apoptotic structures were demonstrated on MCF7 cells for 72 hrs. Conclusions: The results suggest that silver nitrate could be attributed as chemotherapeutic agent for medical applications in breast cancer treatment.
{"title":"Investigation of Silver Nitrate on Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis in MCF7 Human Breast Carcinoma Cells","authors":"A. Kaplan, H. M. Kutlu","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2020.5.2.49-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2020.5.2.49-56","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Metal compounds have been studied in vitro for many years and these compounds’s effects are shown on tumors. Anticancer potential of silver and silver metal compounds is investigated in these days. A study on the in vitro interactions of silver nitrate (AgNO3) with MCF7 human breast carcinoma cells was performed to detect cytotoxic effects which induce apoptotic pathways.Materials and Methods: The cytotoxicity of silver nitrate which administered on MCF7 cells was assessed by MTT assay. The apoptotic influences of silver nitrate (IC50: inhibition concentration) were determined using Annexin V-FITC/PI, JC-1, TUNEL paraffin embedded and confocal microscopy assays. Silver nitrate induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in MCF7 cells. Results: In this work, we demonstrated that the inhibition of cell growth which is time and dose dependent in MCF7 cells for 24, 48 and 72 hours. The inhibition concentration of silver nitrate (IC50) was found as 10 µM in MCF7 cells for 72 hrs. The early/late apoptotic and necrotic changes which occured with silver nitrate (IC50: 10µM) administered, were analyzed in the MCF7 cells for 72 hrs. However, the reduced mitochondrial membrane activity (ΔΨmt) was observed by silver nitrate-treated (IC50: 10µM) in the MCF7 cells for 72 hrs. In addition to these findings, a variety of apoptotic structures were demonstrated on MCF7 cells for 72 hrs. Conclusions: The results suggest that silver nitrate could be attributed as chemotherapeutic agent for medical applications in breast cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85115761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-15DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2019.4.4.75-79
M. Gholamalizadeh, S. Doaei, A. S. Moghadam, A. Movafagh, S. Jarrahi, A. Jarrahi
Back Objectives: The aim of this study is to pool the result of studies on the association between FTO gene polymorphisms and breast cancer (BC).Material and Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, Scopus, web of science, and Cochran to identify studies investigating the associations between the rs1477196 and rs9939609 polymorphisms and BC risk. We pooled adjusted odds ratios (ORs) as overall. ORs were estimated using a random effects model. Results: In total, 16 articles were included in the final analysis. Considering the dominant model of inheritance, there was an inverse association between the rs1477196 polymorphism and BC (OR 0.76 [0.64- 0.91]). There was not observable heterogeneity (I2: 0.0%, P=.867), but with a small study effect (b=1.19, P=.03) in this analysis. Moreover, there was not any association between the rs9939609 polymorphism and BC (OR 0.98 [0.79- 1.2]). There was not observable heterogeneity (I2: 23.1%, P=.27) and small study effect (b=-3.817, P=.303) in this analysis. Conclusions: The carriers of rs1477196 polymorphism of FTO are at lower risk for BC. Carriers of Rs9939609 polymorphism had no association with Breast cancer risk.
{"title":"Meta-analysis of Studies Investigating Association between FTO Gene Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer","authors":"M. Gholamalizadeh, S. Doaei, A. S. Moghadam, A. Movafagh, S. Jarrahi, A. Jarrahi","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2019.4.4.75-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2019.4.4.75-79","url":null,"abstract":"Back Objectives: The aim of this study is to pool the result of studies on the association between FTO gene polymorphisms and breast cancer (BC).Material and Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, Scopus, web of science, and Cochran to identify studies investigating the associations between the rs1477196 and rs9939609 polymorphisms and BC risk. We pooled adjusted odds ratios (ORs) as overall. ORs were estimated using a random effects model. Results: In total, 16 articles were included in the final analysis. Considering the dominant model of inheritance, there was an inverse association between the rs1477196 polymorphism and BC (OR 0.76 [0.64- 0.91]). There was not observable heterogeneity (I2: 0.0%, P=.867), but with a small study effect (b=1.19, P=.03) in this analysis. Moreover, there was not any association between the rs9939609 polymorphism and BC (OR 0.98 [0.79- 1.2]). There was not observable heterogeneity (I2: 23.1%, P=.27) and small study effect (b=-3.817, P=.303) in this analysis. Conclusions: The carriers of rs1477196 polymorphism of FTO are at lower risk for BC. Carriers of Rs9939609 polymorphism had no association with Breast cancer risk.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79929680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-20DOI: 10.31557/APJCB.2019.4.3.65-68
A. Nazarian, A. Mohamadnia, E. Danaee, N. Bahrami
Introduction: Cancer is one of the most important causes of mortality in the world. So, in this study the changes of expressing miR-205 and CEA in oral cancer in peripheral blood were examined for early detection and better treatment. Methods: In this study, we selected the number of 30 patient people and 30 healthy people. We measured their blood miR-205 and CEA using Real-Time PCR technique and evaluated the relationship between the expression of these biomarkers with tumor staging and cancer progression. Findings: there is no a significant difference in mean age by comparing these two groups using t-test. The CEA mRNA biomarker was positive in 24 out of 30 people of the patient people group and was positive in 4 out of 30 people of the healthy people group. Statistical comparison represented a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P-value <0.001). The miR-205 biomarker was positive in 9 out of 30 people of the patient people group and was positive in 22 out of 30 people of the healthy people group. Statistical comparison represented a statistically significant difference the two groups (P-value <0.001). Conclusion: In general, the research result can be considered as a screening test for early detection of the disease in the early stages. It is recommended to conduct more extensive studies with larger sample sizes to further proof of the research results.
{"title":"Examining the Expression of miR-205 and CEA mRNA in Peripheral Blood of Patients with OSCC(Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas) and Comparing them with Healthy People","authors":"A. Nazarian, A. Mohamadnia, E. Danaee, N. Bahrami","doi":"10.31557/APJCB.2019.4.3.65-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/APJCB.2019.4.3.65-68","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cancer is one of the most important causes of mortality in the world. So, in this study the changes of expressing miR-205 and CEA in oral cancer in peripheral blood were examined for early detection and better treatment. \u0000Methods: In this study, we selected the number of 30 patient people and 30 healthy people. We measured their blood miR-205 and CEA using Real-Time PCR technique and evaluated the relationship between the expression of these biomarkers with tumor staging and cancer progression. \u0000Findings: there is no a significant difference in mean age by comparing these two groups using t-test. The CEA mRNA biomarker was positive in 24 out of 30 people of the patient people group and was positive in 4 out of 30 people of the healthy people group. Statistical comparison represented a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P-value <0.001). The miR-205 biomarker was positive in 9 out of 30 people of the patient people group and was positive in 22 out of 30 people of the healthy people group. Statistical comparison represented a statistically significant difference the two groups (P-value <0.001). \u0000Conclusion: In general, the research result can be considered as a screening test for early detection of the disease in the early stages. It is recommended to conduct more extensive studies with larger sample sizes to further proof of the research results.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"205 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91462271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-08DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2019.4.3.59-63
A. Chakraborty, Debjit Chakraborty
Carcinogenesis, in a recent years, is highly known to be linked with nutrition, particularly the micronutrients which play an important role as an antioxidant as well as an immunity-potentiating agent. Epidemiological studies with human cancer subjects, however, were very limited in India though people in India are exposed to different kind of carcinogens quite often. In this review, we analyzed and showed that Vitamin C, Vitamin E and Zinc have significant effect in lowering cancer risk.The vegetables and fruits that are rich in Vit C are broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, green and red peppers, spinach, cabbage, turnip greens, and other leafy greens, capsicyum, Lemon, oranges, etc. Food rich in Vitamin E are nuts, seeds, avocado, vegetable oils and wheat germ. Zinc, an important trace elements for growth can be found in meat, shellfish, legumes like chickpeas, lentils and beans, seeds, nuts, dairy, eggs and whole GrainsOur mission, as an educators and researchers, is to translate the scientific discovery of any health issue like cancer to a health-literate generation in college, family, and community. Coordinated collaboration between professionals in education and public health can better prepare our young people to be health literate and cancer-free.
{"title":"Critical Review on Role of Micronutrients in Prevention of Cancer in India","authors":"A. Chakraborty, Debjit Chakraborty","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2019.4.3.59-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2019.4.3.59-63","url":null,"abstract":"Carcinogenesis, in a recent years, is highly known to be linked with nutrition, particularly the micronutrients which play an important role as an antioxidant as well as an immunity-potentiating agent. Epidemiological studies with human cancer subjects, however, were very limited in India though people in India are exposed to different kind of carcinogens quite often. In this review, we analyzed and showed that Vitamin C, Vitamin E and Zinc have significant effect in lowering cancer risk.The vegetables and fruits that are rich in Vit C are broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, green and red peppers, spinach, cabbage, turnip greens, and other leafy greens, capsicyum, Lemon, oranges, etc. Food rich in Vitamin E are nuts, seeds, avocado, vegetable oils and wheat germ. Zinc, an important trace elements for growth can be found in meat, shellfish, legumes like chickpeas, lentils and beans, seeds, nuts, dairy, eggs and whole GrainsOur mission, as an educators and researchers, is to translate the scientific discovery of any health issue like cancer to a health-literate generation in college, family, and community. Coordinated collaboration between professionals in education and public health can better prepare our young people to be health literate and cancer-free.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83878321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-08DOI: 10.31557/apjcb.2019.4.3.51-57
M. H. Karbalaie Niya, Naeimeh Roshan-zamir, Elham Mortazavi
DNA methylation is known as an important epigenetic change in plants and vertebrates genome. In this process, the methyl group transferred by DNA methyl transferase enzymes to cytosine at carbon residue 5 often in the CpG dinucleotide context. DNA methylation plays an important role in the natural development of the organism, genome stability maintenance and processes such as genomic imprinting and chromosome X inactivation in mammals. In addition, changes in DNA methylation pattern have seen in many diseases, including cancer. Analysis of DNA methylation has been useful for rapid disease diagnosis and progression. In recent decades, a revolution has taken place in the methods of DNA methylation analysis, and it is possible to study the pattern of gene methylation at a widespread, short and high resolution level. These methods can be divided into three general categories: (1) cut-based methods by methylation-sensitive enzymes; (2) sodium bisulfide based methods; (3) antibody based methods. Since the existence of different methods makes it difficult to select the appropriate approach, in this review, a number of common methods for examining the methylation pattern with the advantages and disadvantages will be discussed.
{"title":"DNA Methylation Tools and Strategies: Methods in a Review","authors":"M. H. Karbalaie Niya, Naeimeh Roshan-zamir, Elham Mortazavi","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2019.4.3.51-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2019.4.3.51-57","url":null,"abstract":"DNA methylation is known as an important epigenetic change in plants and vertebrates genome. In this process, the methyl group transferred by DNA methyl transferase enzymes to cytosine at carbon residue 5 often in the CpG dinucleotide context. DNA methylation plays an important role in the natural development of the organism, genome stability maintenance and processes such as genomic imprinting and chromosome X inactivation in mammals. In addition, changes in DNA methylation pattern have seen in many diseases, including cancer. Analysis of DNA methylation has been useful for rapid disease diagnosis and progression. In recent decades, a revolution has taken place in the methods of DNA methylation analysis, and it is possible to study the pattern of gene methylation at a widespread, short and high resolution level. These methods can be divided into three general categories: (1) cut-based methods by methylation-sensitive enzymes; (2) sodium bisulfide based methods; (3) antibody based methods. Since the existence of different methods makes it difficult to select the appropriate approach, in this review, a number of common methods for examining the methylation pattern with the advantages and disadvantages will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"21 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91436143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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