Azadeh Lesani, A. Mohammadpoorasl, M. Javadi, H. Ansari, A. Fakhari
Background: During the recent decades, happiness and psychological wellbeing have been among the most attractive issues for researchers in the fields of social sciences and health. Medical and paramedical students in comparison with other college students are less happy due to work circumstance in hospital and special education. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate happinessamongcollege students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in terms of socio-demographic variables. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional web-based study, all the students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in Iran who had course classes were invited to participate in the study and 541 students filled out the web-based questionnaire including questions for measuring happiness oxford happiness questionnaire (OHQ), health status, stress experience in the past six months, cigarette and hookah smoking, physical activity rapid assessment of physical activity (RAPA), as well as socio-economic and demographic information. Results: The mean happiness score was 114.59 ± 18.31. Socio-economic status, physical activity, and experience of stress in the last 6 months were related to the happiness score (P = 0.009, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). However, gender, cigarette smoking, hookah smoking and body mass index were not significantly correlated with happiness. Conclusions: The findings of the present study show that a happiness score among our sample study was slightly low and people with high happiness scores had a healthier lifestyle, i.e. more physical activity and less tobacco smoking. College students should be encouraged to do regular exercise as a way to increase the happiness level. Keywords: Happiness, Tobacco Smoking, Life Satisfaction, Physical Activity, Students
近几十年来，幸福和心理健康一直是社会科学和健康领域研究人员最感兴趣的问题之一。受医院工作环境和特殊教育的影响，医、准医学生的幸福感较普通大学生低。目的:本研究旨在以社会人口学变量评估加兹温医科大学大学生的幸福感。材料与方法:在本横断面网络研究中，邀请伊朗Qazvin医科大学所有有课程的学生参与研究，541名学生填写了基于网络的问卷，问卷内容包括幸福测量牛津幸福问卷(OHQ)、健康状况、过去六个月的压力经历、吸烟和水烟、体育活动快速评估(RAPA)、以及社会经济和人口信息。结果:幸福感平均得分为114.59±18.31。社会经济地位、最近6个月的体力活动和压力经历与幸福感得分相关(P = 0.009, P < 0.001, P < 0.001)。然而，性别、吸烟、吸水烟和体重指数与幸福感没有显著相关。结论:本研究的结果表明，我们的样本研究中的幸福得分略低，幸福得分高的人有更健康的生活方式，即更多的体育锻炼和更少的吸烟。应该鼓励大学生经常锻炼身体，以此来提高幸福感。关键词:幸福感，吸烟，生活满意度，体育锻炼，学生
{"title":"Happiness Among College Students: A Cross-Sectional Web-Based Study Among Iranian Medical Students","authors":"Azadeh Lesani, A. Mohammadpoorasl, M. Javadi, H. Ansari, A. Fakhari","doi":"10.17795/BHS-36029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/BHS-36029","url":null,"abstract":"Background: During the recent decades, happiness and psychological wellbeing have been among the most attractive issues for researchers in the fields of social sciences and health. Medical and paramedical students in comparison with other college students are less happy due to work circumstance in hospital and special education. \u0000Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate happinessamongcollege students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in terms of socio-demographic variables. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional web-based study, all the students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in Iran who had course classes were invited to participate in the study and 541 students filled out the web-based questionnaire including questions for measuring happiness oxford happiness questionnaire (OHQ), health status, stress experience in the past six months, \u0000cigarette and hookah smoking, physical activity rapid assessment of physical activity (RAPA), as well as socio-economic and demographic information. \u0000Results: The mean happiness score was 114.59 ± 18.31. Socio-economic status, physical activity, and experience of stress in the last 6 months were related to the happiness score (P = 0.009, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). However, gender, cigarette smoking, \u0000hookah smoking and body mass index were not significantly correlated with happiness. \u0000Conclusions: The findings of the present study show that a happiness score among our sample study was slightly low and people with high happiness scores had a healthier lifestyle, i.e. more physical activity and less tobacco smoking. College students should be encouraged to do regular exercise as a way to increase the happiness level. \u0000Keywords: Happiness, Tobacco Smoking, Life Satisfaction, Physical Activity, Students","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87926560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Today, oil, gas, and petrochemical industries are of strategic significance in the macro-development of oil-rich countries. These industries, given the nature of the work and the technical complexity of the various processes, are hazardous and susceptible to occupational accidents. More than 90% of the accidents are related to the faults and unsafe actions of personnel, either directly or indirectly. Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the unsafe actions of staff working in the maintenance unit of a petrochemical complex. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive and analytical study conducted on 167 morning-shift workers at the Mahshahr petrochemical complex. The data were collected based on a checklist of unsafe actions prepared through a direct observation of their activities and an analysis of work instructions, documents, and incident reports. SPSS statistical software was also used for data analysis and relevant testing. Results: According to the results of this study, the mean number of unsafe actions performed by the employees was 42%. The highest number of unsafe actions achieved in the maintenance mechanical unit was 52.8%, 47.1% in repair services, and 43.8% in machinery. The highest frequency of unsafe actions were caused by indiscretion and negligence, a failure to use a face shield and goggles, and noncompliance with safety principles. Conclusions: According to the findings, there has been a rise in the number of unsafe actions in machinery and maintenance service units compared to other maintenance units. As such, training courses based on the behavior-based safety principles at the beginning of employment, close monitoring of health safety environment (HSE) officials on the implementation of regulations, and provision of appropriate scheduling based on weather conditions and the nature of maintenance services are recommended. In addition, a refrainment from hastiness in performing duties, enhanced participation from the employees to improve occupational safety, and the production and distribution of high-quality personal protective equipment (PPE) is also recommended to mitigate unsafe actions.
{"title":"A STUDY OF THE UNSAFE ACTIONS OF STAFF IN THE MAINTENANCE AND OVERHAUL UNIT AT A PETROCHEMICAL COMPLEX AND THE PRESENTATION OF CONTROL STRATEGIES","authors":"S. Mousavipour, Ali Safary Variani, R. Mirzaei","doi":"10.17795/BHS-32561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/BHS-32561","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Today, oil, gas, and petrochemical industries are of strategic significance in the macro-development of oil-rich countries. These industries, given the nature of the work and the technical complexity of the various processes, are hazardous and susceptible to occupational accidents. More than 90% of the accidents are related to the faults and unsafe actions of personnel, either directly or indirectly. Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the unsafe actions of staff working in the maintenance unit of a petrochemical complex. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive and analytical study conducted on 167 morning-shift workers at the Mahshahr petrochemical complex. The data were collected based on a checklist of unsafe actions prepared through a direct observation of their activities and an analysis of work instructions, documents, and incident reports. SPSS statistical software was also used for data analysis and relevant testing. Results: According to the results of this study, the mean number of unsafe actions performed by the employees was 42%. The highest number of unsafe actions achieved in the maintenance mechanical unit was 52.8%, 47.1% in repair services, and 43.8% in machinery. The highest frequency of unsafe actions were caused by indiscretion and negligence, a failure to use a face shield and goggles, and noncompliance with safety principles. Conclusions: According to the findings, there has been a rise in the number of unsafe actions in machinery and maintenance service units compared to other maintenance units. As such, training courses based on the behavior-based safety principles at the beginning of employment, close monitoring of health safety environment (HSE) officials on the implementation of regulations, and provision of appropriate scheduling based on weather conditions and the nature of maintenance services are recommended. In addition, a refrainment from hastiness in performing duties, enhanced participation from the employees to improve occupational safety, and the production and distribution of high-quality personal protective equipment (PPE) is also recommended to mitigate unsafe actions.","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":"57 1","pages":"0-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76192676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Faegheh Golalizadeh, F. Shobeiri, A. Ranjbar, M. Nazari
Background: Parturition has been associated with free radicals, itself linked with poor pregnancy outcome. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between oxidative stress biomarkers levels of maternal and cord blood samples at the second stage of labor with the maternal parity number. Materials and Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, subjects were selected from Fatemieh teaching hospital, Hamadan, Iran, and allocated into the two groups according to their number of parity: the primiparous group (n = 33), and multiparous group (n = 35). Maternal and umbilical cord blood samples were taken from all subjects and then assessed for catalas activity (CAT), total thiol molecules (TTM) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Results: Total antioxidant capacity levels were significantly higher in newborns of primiparous women compared to multiparous women (P = 0.006). The CAT levels were significantly lower (P = 0.04) and TAC levels significantly higher (P = 0.03) in maternal plasma of primiparous women compared to those of multiparous women. Conclusions: Increment in the number of parity can lead to decrease antioxidant defense mechanisms in multiparous women and their newborns. So, control of oxidative stress is considered to be beneficial in multiparous women. Keywords: Oxidative Stress, Antioxidants, Parity
{"title":"Maternal Parity and Blood Oxidative Stress in Mother and Neonate","authors":"Faegheh Golalizadeh, F. Shobeiri, A. Ranjbar, M. Nazari","doi":"10.17795/BHS-34165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/BHS-34165","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Parturition has been associated with free radicals, itself linked with poor pregnancy outcome. \u0000Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between oxidative stress biomarkers levels of maternal and cord blood samples at the second stage of labor with the maternal parity number. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, subjects were selected from Fatemieh teaching hospital, Hamadan, Iran, and allocated into the two groups according to their number of parity: the primiparous group (n = 33), and multiparous group (n = 35). Maternal and umbilical cord blood samples were taken from all subjects and then assessed for catalas activity (CAT), total thiol molecules (TTM) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). \u0000Results: Total antioxidant capacity levels were significantly higher in newborns of primiparous women compared to multiparous women (P = 0.006). The CAT levels were significantly lower (P = 0.04) and TAC levels significantly higher (P = 0.03) in maternal plasma of primiparous women compared to those of multiparous women. \u0000Conclusions: Increment in the number of parity can lead to decrease antioxidant defense mechanisms in multiparous women and their newborns. So, control of oxidative stress is considered to be beneficial in multiparous women. \u0000Keywords: Oxidative Stress, Antioxidants, Parity","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"0-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84341995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kiaei, N. Hatam, Mina Moraveji, R. Moradi, M. Ahmadzadeh, S. Ghanavati
Background: Using different methods of strategic thinking is essential for organizations such as hospitals; without them, many organizations will not survive. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relationship between strategic thinking and management productivity in teaching hospitals of Shiraz. Objectives: Because of the importance of strategic management in organizational productivity, the present study is conducted with the goal of assessing the relationship between strategic thinking and hospital managers’ productivity. Patients and Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted in 2015. The statistical population included all managers in different levels in the teaching hospitals of Shiraz (170 persons). Among these, 119 participants were selected through Cochran’s formula and a simple random sampling method. Data were collected by a questionnaire addressing strategic thinking based on Liedtka’s model and Hersey and Blanchard’s theory. Its validity was verified by a panel of experts and its reliability was measured in previous studies. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20 using descriptive and analytic statistics (analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson’s correlation test and t-test). Results: The average and Standard Deviation of strategic thinking managers was (2.2 ± 0.04), and productivity of management (2.32 ± 0.37) was estimated on the average level. There was a direct meaningful relationship between strategically thinking managers and productivity (r = 0.387, P < 0.001). The results also showed that there is a meaningful correlation between strategic thinking and sustainability, organizational support and understanding of the job. Conclusions: Due to the correlation between strategic thinking and productivity, we recommend educating and training managers in the use of strategic thinking, and that they understand its importance to productivity. Managers should understand that increasing efficiency in a competitive environment today is a necessity for survival.
背景:使用不同的战略思维方法对医院等组织至关重要;没有他们，许多组织将无法生存。本研究旨在探讨设拉子地区教学医院的战略思维与管理生产力的关系。目的:由于战略管理在组织生产力中的重要性，本研究旨在评估战略思维与医院管理者生产力之间的关系。患者和方法:本描述性相关研究于2015年进行。统计人群为设拉子省教学医院各级管理人员170人。其中，通过Cochran公式和简单随机抽样法选取119名参与者。数据的收集是基于Liedtka的模型和Hersey和Blanchard的理论的战略思维的问卷调查。其有效性已由专家小组验证，其可靠性已在先前的研究中测量。使用SPSS version 20进行数据分析，采用描述性统计和分析统计(方差分析(ANOVA)、Pearson相关检验和t检验)。结果:战略思维管理者的均值和标准差为(2.2±0.04)，管理生产率为(2.32±0.37)，处于平均水平。具有战略思维的管理者与生产力之间存在直接的有意义的关系(r = 0.387, P < 0.001)。结果还表明，战略思维与可持续性、组织支持和工作理解之间存在有意义的相关关系。结论:由于战略思维与生产力之间的相关性，我们建议教育和培训管理人员使用战略思维，并且他们了解战略思维对生产力的重要性。管理者应该明白，在当今竞争激烈的环境中提高效率是生存的必要条件。
{"title":"The Relationship Between Strategic Thinking and Hospital Managers' Productivity in Teaching Hospitals of Shiraz","authors":"M. Kiaei, N. Hatam, Mina Moraveji, R. Moradi, M. Ahmadzadeh, S. Ghanavati","doi":"10.17795/BHS-33795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/BHS-33795","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Using different methods of strategic thinking is essential for organizations such as hospitals; without them, many organizations will not survive. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relationship between strategic thinking and management productivity in teaching hospitals of Shiraz. \u0000Objectives: Because of the importance of strategic management in organizational productivity, the present study is conducted with the goal of assessing the relationship between strategic thinking and hospital managers’ productivity. \u0000Patients and Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted in 2015. The statistical population included all managers in different levels in the teaching hospitals of Shiraz (170 persons). Among these, 119 participants were selected through Cochran’s formula and a simple random sampling method. Data were collected by a questionnaire addressing strategic thinking based on Liedtka’s model and Hersey and Blanchard’s theory. Its validity was verified by a panel of experts and its reliability was measured in previous studies. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20 using descriptive and analytic statistics (analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson’s correlation test and t-test). \u0000Results: The average and Standard Deviation of strategic thinking managers was (2.2 ± 0.04), and productivity of management (2.32 ± 0.37) was estimated on the average level. There was a direct meaningful relationship between strategically thinking managers and productivity (r = 0.387, P < 0.001). The results also showed that there is a meaningful correlation between strategic thinking and sustainability, organizational support and understanding of the job. \u0000Conclusions: Due to the correlation between strategic thinking and productivity, we recommend educating and training managers in the use of strategic thinking, and that they understand its importance to productivity. Managers should understand that increasing efficiency in a competitive environment today is a necessity for survival.","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":"110 10 1","pages":"0-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88801531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Barikani, A. Beheshti, M. Javadi, S. Farahani, Firooz Barikani
Background: We have little information on the degree of individuals’ in Iran and their use of complementary and alternative medicine, its variations and the causes of people’s tendency towards the treatments used in the methods mentioned above. Objectives: In 2012, we set out to study the viewpoints of patients in Qazvin, Iran, examining how they feel about complementary and alternative medicine. Patients and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, data were collected through the use of a questionnaire. A total of 293 patients who had been referred to the complementary and alternative medicine centers were surveyed. These centers practice methods such as cupping, homeopathy and acupuncture. The questionnaire was divided in two parts, demographic questions and main questions, in this particular study. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 19 with P < 0.05. Results: The mean age of the participants was 37.2 ± 13.3, and 60.8 percent of them were men. In all, 70.6 percent and 24.4 percent of respondents were married and single, respectively. About 58 percent had completed their undergraduate education. The cause of 31.3 percent of the participants’ visits was mental sicknesses, 20.2 percent attended due to rheumatologic diseases, and 8.2 percent applied to the mentioned treatment centers seeking relief from skin-related diseases. Ninety-one percent of the participants reported using alternative and complementary medicine for its efficiency. The levels of high satisfaction they reported gaining from the center’s homeopathy, acupuncture, and phlebotomy services were 17.2%, 16.5%, and 18.2%, respectively. In addition, 70 percent of the patients found the new treatment method to be quite successful, while 27 percent found it to be less effective than other approaches they had tried. Conclusions: The people were receptive to the use of alternative and complementary medicine and their satisfaction level was high. Keywords: Homeopathy, Acupuncture, Phlebotomy
{"title":"Viewpoints of Patients in Qazvin Towards Complementary and Alternative Medicine","authors":"A. Barikani, A. Beheshti, M. Javadi, S. Farahani, Firooz Barikani","doi":"10.17795/BHS-28324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/BHS-28324","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We have little information on the degree of individuals’ in Iran and their use of complementary and alternative medicine, its variations and the causes of people’s tendency towards the treatments used in the methods mentioned above. \u0000Objectives: In 2012, we set out to study the viewpoints of patients in Qazvin, Iran, examining how they feel about complementary and alternative medicine. \u0000Patients and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, data were collected through the use of a questionnaire. A total of 293 patients who had been referred to the complementary and alternative medicine centers were surveyed. These centers practice methods such as cupping, homeopathy and acupuncture. The questionnaire was divided in two parts, demographic questions and main questions, in this particular study. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 19 with P < 0.05. \u0000Results: The mean age of the participants was 37.2 ± 13.3, and 60.8 percent of them were men. In all, 70.6 percent and 24.4 percent of respondents were married and single, respectively. About 58 percent had completed their undergraduate education. The cause of 31.3 percent of the participants’ visits was mental sicknesses, 20.2 percent attended due to rheumatologic diseases, and 8.2 percent applied to the mentioned treatment centers seeking relief from skin-related diseases. Ninety-one percent of the participants reported using alternative and complementary medicine for its efficiency. The levels of high satisfaction they reported gaining from the center’s homeopathy, acupuncture, and phlebotomy services were 17.2%, 16.5%, and 18.2%, respectively. In addition, 70 percent of the patients found the new treatment method to be quite successful, while 27 percent found it to be less effective than other approaches they had tried. \u0000Conclusions: The people were receptive to the use of alternative and complementary medicine and their satisfaction level was high. \u0000Keywords: Homeopathy, Acupuncture, Phlebotomy","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76573193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Mousavi, S. Asefzadeh, A. Ziaee, N. Esmailzadehha, A. Ghorbani
Background: Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is developing treacherously along industrialization and development of urbanization Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare cardiovascular risk factors between subjects with and without diabetes mellitus in the Minoodar district of Qazvin. Patients and Methods: This analytical study was conducted on 100 subjects with diabetes and 140 subjects without diabetes in Qazvin from September 2010 to April 2011. Standardized measurements were available for waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), fasting serum cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglycerides (TGs). Cardiovascular risk factors were defined according to the diagnostic criteria proposed by the national cholesterol education program. Data were analyzed using the t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-square test. Results: Overall, 12% of subjects with diabetes and 17.9% of subjects without diabetes were smokers (P = 0.277). The WC, TGs, systolic and diastolic BP were significantly higher in subjects with diabetes compared to subjects without diabetes. The prevalence of high WC, high BP, low HDL, and high TGs were significantly higher in subjects with diabetes compared to subjects without diabetes. Conclusions: Cardiovascular risk factors were higher in subjects with diabetes compared to subjects without diabetes. Lifestyle intervention programs should be focused on community education about reduction of CVD risk factors in patients with diabetes. Keywords: Risk Factor, Coronary Heart Disease, Diabetes Mellitus
{"title":"Comparison of Cardiovascular Risk Factors Between Subjects With and Without Diabetes Mellitus: An Analytical Study","authors":"A. Mousavi, S. Asefzadeh, A. Ziaee, N. Esmailzadehha, A. Ghorbani","doi":"10.17795/BHS-34330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/BHS-34330","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is developing treacherously along industrialization and development of urbanization \u0000Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare cardiovascular risk factors between subjects with and without diabetes mellitus in the Minoodar district of Qazvin. \u0000Patients and Methods: This analytical study was conducted on 100 subjects with diabetes and 140 subjects without diabetes in Qazvin from September 2010 to April 2011. Standardized measurements were available for waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), fasting serum cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglycerides (TGs). Cardiovascular risk factors were defined according to the diagnostic criteria proposed by the national cholesterol education program. Data were analyzed using the t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-square test. \u0000Results: Overall, 12% of subjects with diabetes and 17.9% of subjects without diabetes were smokers (P = 0.277). The WC, TGs, systolic and diastolic BP were significantly higher in subjects with diabetes compared to subjects without diabetes. The prevalence of high WC, high BP, low HDL, and high TGs were significantly higher in subjects with diabetes compared to subjects without diabetes. \u0000Conclusions: Cardiovascular risk factors were higher in subjects with diabetes compared to subjects without diabetes. Lifestyle intervention programs should be focused on community education about reduction of CVD risk factors in patients with diabetes. \u0000Keywords: Risk Factor, Coronary Heart Disease, Diabetes Mellitus","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85210532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important organisms involved in nosocomial infection acquired by patients. In recent years, the appearance of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has turned the treatment of these infections into a serious challenge. Surface proteins, such as fibronectin binding proteins (FnBP), and the ability to produce Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) are important factors in pathogenesis of this organism. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of disease-associated genes in the clinical isolates of S. aureus encoding FNB and PVL, collected from the educational hospitals of Qazvin, Iran. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study in which a total of 103 isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus were collected from hospitalized patients in teaching hospitals of Qazvin, during 2013 - 2014. Initially, the identification of isolates was performed according to the standard laboratory methods, followed by confirming the presence of the femA gene, a gene specific to S. aureus. Later, the prevalence of virulence genes (fnb and pvl) was investigated by the PCR method, using specific primers. PCR products were sequenced to confirm the presence of the target genes. Results: The results of this study showed that among 103 isolates of S. aureus resistant to methicillin, 88 isolates were positive for the presence of the pvl and fnb genes, with the fnb gene present in 86 (83.5%) isolates and the pvl gene only in 2 (1.9%) isolates. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate the presence of the pvl and fnb genes in the strains of S. aureus isolated from clinical specimens collected from the patients admitted to teaching hospitals in Qazvin. Considering the clinical significance of these organisms, and their potential in threatening public health systems, the identification, treatment, and infection control management of patients infected with these organisms is of prime necessity.
{"title":"Frequency of Fibronectin Binding Protein A and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Collected From Educational Hospitals in Qazvin, Iran","authors":"Maria Taromian, A. Peymani, M. Aslanimehr","doi":"10.17795/BHS-35939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/BHS-35939","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important organisms involved in nosocomial infection acquired by patients. In recent years, the appearance of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has turned the treatment of these infections into a serious challenge. Surface proteins, such as fibronectin binding proteins (FnBP), and the ability to produce Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) are important factors in pathogenesis of this organism. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of disease-associated genes in the clinical isolates of S. aureus encoding FNB and PVL, collected from the educational hospitals of Qazvin, Iran. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study in which a total of 103 isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus were collected from hospitalized patients in teaching hospitals of Qazvin, during 2013 - 2014. Initially, the identification of isolates was performed according to the standard laboratory methods, followed by confirming the presence of the femA gene, a gene specific to S. aureus. Later, the prevalence of virulence genes (fnb and pvl) was investigated by the PCR method, using specific primers. PCR products were sequenced to confirm the presence of the target genes. Results: The results of this study showed that among 103 isolates of S. aureus resistant to methicillin, 88 isolates were positive for the presence of the pvl and fnb genes, with the fnb gene present in 86 (83.5%) isolates and the pvl gene only in 2 (1.9%) isolates. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate the presence of the pvl and fnb genes in the strains of S. aureus isolated from clinical specimens collected from the patients admitted to teaching hospitals in Qazvin. Considering the clinical significance of these organisms, and their potential in threatening public health systems, the identification, treatment, and infection control management of patients infected with these organisms is of prime necessity.","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82799162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Taghinejad, A. Azadi, Zainab Suhrabi, Mohammadreza Sayedinia
Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the most occupational problems among nurses and often cause many physical and psychological complications for nurses, and are a financial burden for health-care systems. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence MSDs and their related risk factors among Iranian nurses. Patients and Methods: This descriptive-correlational study included 240 hospital nurses, with a baccalaureate nursing degree, who worked at three public hospitals of the Ilam province of Iran. Data were collected through a validated self-administered questionnaire. Finally, 156 questionnaires were returned (response rate: 65%) and 135 questionnaires qualified for subsequent analysis. The data were analyzed using the SPSS version 15.0 software. Descriptive and inferential statistics (logistic regression) were used. Results: Overall, 97 (71.9%) hospital nurses experienced MSDs in at least one anatomical site within the last year. Low back pain was the most prevalent MSDs (40%) and hip and thigh were the least (11.1%) frequent sites. Most of the nurses with MSDs worked at surgery wards (17.8%), emergency (15.6%) and intensive care units (12.6%). Pain (48.1%) and cramps (31.9%) were the most frequent symptoms of MSDs and loss of limbs control (5.9%) was the least frequent symptom. Bend or twist at waist for performing nursing procedures, patient transfer from and to beds, working with the hands higher than shoulder height and changing position of patients in beds were the most frequent occupational factors that influenced MSDs. Increased age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and gender had no significant association with MSDs. However, being single and involved in any kinds of physical activity were significantly associated with the prevalence of MSDs (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The study findings indicated high prevalence of worked-related MSDs among Iranian hospital nurses. Accordingly, appropriate policies for managing MSDs among hospital nurses should be considered. Keywords: Musculoskeletal Disorders, Nurses,Workplace, Iran
{"title":"MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AND THEIR RELATED RISK FACTORS AMONG IRANIAN NURSES","authors":"H. Taghinejad, A. Azadi, Zainab Suhrabi, Mohammadreza Sayedinia","doi":"10.17795/BHS-34473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/BHS-34473","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the most occupational problems among nurses and often cause many physical and psychological complications for nurses, and are a financial burden for health-care systems. \u0000Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence MSDs and their related risk factors among Iranian nurses. \u0000Patients and Methods: This descriptive-correlational study included 240 hospital nurses, with a baccalaureate nursing degree, who \u0000worked at three public hospitals of the Ilam province of Iran. Data were collected through a validated self-administered questionnaire. \u0000Finally, 156 questionnaires were returned (response rate: 65%) and 135 questionnaires qualified for subsequent analysis. The data were analyzed using the SPSS version 15.0 software. Descriptive and inferential statistics (logistic regression) were used. \u0000Results: Overall, 97 (71.9%) hospital nurses experienced MSDs in at least one anatomical site within the last year. Low back pain was the most prevalent MSDs (40%) and hip and thigh were the least (11.1%) frequent sites. Most of the nurses with MSDs worked at surgery wards \u0000(17.8%), emergency (15.6%) and intensive care units (12.6%). Pain (48.1%) and cramps (31.9%) were the most frequent symptoms of MSDs and loss of limbs control (5.9%) was the least frequent symptom. Bend or twist at waist for performing nursing procedures, patient transfer from and to beds, working with the hands higher than shoulder height and changing position of patients in beds were the \u0000most frequent occupational factors that influenced MSDs. Increased age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and gender had no significant association with MSDs. However, being single and involved in any kinds of physical activity were significantly associated with the prevalence of MSDs (P < 0.05). \u0000Conclusions: The study findings indicated high prevalence of worked-related MSDs among Iranian hospital nurses. Accordingly, appropriate policies for managing MSDs among hospital nurses should be considered. \u0000Keywords: Musculoskeletal Disorders, Nurses,Workplace, Iran","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":"62 1","pages":"0-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80913017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Dehghankar, A. Shahrokhi, S. Oveisi, N. Esmailzadehha, A. Ghorbani
Background: Lack of independence and unwanted dependence on others for activities of daily living (ADL) and decreased functional capacity affect nutritional status of the elderly. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of functional capacity on malnutrition status in hospitalized elderly patients in the Qazvin city of Iran. Patients and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on patients 60 years or older hospitalized in two teaching hospitals of Qazvin, Iran, from May to October 2011. The nutritional status was assessed using the mini nutritional assessment (MNA) questionnaire. Functional capacity of the elderly was assessed using self-report questionnaires of ADL and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Results: Of the 322 participant, 171 (53.1%) were male. The mean age was 70.36 ± 7.8 years. Based on MNA, 96 patients (29.8%) had normal nutritional status, 138 (42.9%) were at risk of malnutrition and 43 (13.4%) had malnutrition. Dependency on ADL and IADL was significantly associated with malnutrition and risk of malnutrition. In the logistic regression analysis, IADL was associated with malnutrition (OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.07 - 1.33; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Risk of malnutrition as well as reduced functional ability was high among the hospitalized elderly of Qazvin. Nutritional status assessment of older adults is necessary, particularly when they are admitted to hospitals.
{"title":"Impact of Functional Capacity on Nutritional Status of Hospitalized Elderly in Qazvin, Iran","authors":"L. Dehghankar, A. Shahrokhi, S. Oveisi, N. Esmailzadehha, A. Ghorbani","doi":"10.17795/BHS-34470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/BHS-34470","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lack of independence and unwanted dependence on others for activities of daily living (ADL) and decreased functional capacity affect nutritional status of the elderly. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of functional capacity on malnutrition status in hospitalized elderly patients in the Qazvin city of Iran. Patients and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on patients 60 years or older hospitalized in two teaching hospitals of Qazvin, Iran, from May to October 2011. The nutritional status was assessed using the mini nutritional assessment (MNA) questionnaire. Functional capacity of the elderly was assessed using self-report questionnaires of ADL and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Results: Of the 322 participant, 171 (53.1%) were male. The mean age was 70.36 ± 7.8 years. Based on MNA, 96 patients (29.8%) had normal nutritional status, 138 (42.9%) were at risk of malnutrition and 43 (13.4%) had malnutrition. Dependency on ADL and IADL was significantly associated with malnutrition and risk of malnutrition. In the logistic regression analysis, IADL was associated with malnutrition (OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.07 - 1.33; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Risk of malnutrition as well as reduced functional ability was high among the hospitalized elderly of Qazvin. Nutritional status assessment of older adults is necessary, particularly when they are admitted to hospitals.","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":"115 1","pages":"0-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91027873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Zare, K. Majidzadeh-A, R. Esmaeili, N. Gheibi, M. Sarookhani
Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women. Biomarkers that are expressed in tumors play a pivotal role in diagnosis and treatment. Cancer-testis (CT) antigens are predominantly expressed in the testis and also have inappropriate expression in various tumor types. In the case of expression in tumors, they will be used as immunotherapy targets. Objectives: Expression of ARMC3, a CT antigen, was analyzed to determine its potential as a tumor marker for breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Eighty samples including 40 tumor samples and 40 normal adjacent tissue samples, were gathered from the ICBC biobank. RNA extraction was carried out on all samples. The extracted RNA was treated by DNaseI, after which cDNA was synthesized. Expression of ARMC3 with ACTB (internal control) was studied using Real-Time PCR (polymerase chain reaction). Results: Overall, 43.6% of tumors and 25.6% of normal adjacent tissues expressed ARMC3. ARMC3 was overexpressed in 41% of tumor samples (P = 0.00) and showed decreased expression in 46.2% (P = 0.00). Also, the expression of this gene in 12.8% of tumors was unchanged, which was statistically significant. It should be noted that all samples expressed ACTB gene. Conclusions: Expression of ARMC3 in tumor samples and normal adjacent tissue is very important. The expression of this gene in tumor-adjacent tissue may be associated with the stage of cancer; it may be that these tissues are affected by epigenetic and oncogenic changes of breast cancer. Accordingly, aberrant expression of ARMC3 in tumor samples may be an attractive candidate for use as a tumor marker.
{"title":"Expression Analysis of ARMC3, a Testis-Specific Gene, in Breast Cancer Patients","authors":"A. Zare, K. Majidzadeh-A, R. Esmaeili, N. Gheibi, M. Sarookhani","doi":"10.17795/BHS-34453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/BHS-34453","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women. Biomarkers that are expressed in tumors play a pivotal \u0000role in diagnosis and treatment. Cancer-testis (CT) antigens are predominantly expressed in the testis and also have inappropriate \u0000expression in various tumor types. In the case of expression in tumors, they will be used as immunotherapy targets. \u0000Objectives: Expression of ARMC3, a CT antigen, was analyzed to determine its potential as a tumor marker for breast cancer. \u0000Materials and Methods: Eighty samples including 40 tumor samples and 40 normal adjacent tissue samples, were gathered from \u0000the ICBC biobank. RNA extraction was carried out on all samples. The extracted RNA was treated by DNaseI, after which cDNA was \u0000synthesized. Expression of ARMC3 with ACTB (internal control) was studied using Real-Time PCR (polymerase chain reaction). \u0000Results: Overall, 43.6% of tumors and 25.6% of normal adjacent tissues expressed ARMC3. ARMC3 was overexpressed in 41% of tumor \u0000samples (P = 0.00) and showed decreased expression in 46.2% (P = 0.00). Also, the expression of this gene in 12.8% of tumors was \u0000unchanged, which was statistically significant. It should be noted that all samples expressed ACTB gene. \u0000Conclusions: Expression of ARMC3 in tumor samples and normal adjacent tissue is very important. The expression of this gene \u0000in tumor-adjacent tissue may be associated with the stage of cancer; it may be that these tissues are affected by epigenetic and \u0000oncogenic changes of breast cancer. Accordingly, aberrant expression of ARMC3 in tumor samples may be an attractive candidate \u0000for use as a tumor marker.","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91234839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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