Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-62592
Késia Chaves da Silva, C. N. K. Suda
Diarrhea remains a significant cause of death worldwide among children under five years old. In Brazil, the highest incidence of the disease occurs in the north region, and the epidemiological characteristics of diarrhea in Araguatins, TO, northern Brazil, have not been reported. The present study aimed to analyze the occurrence of acute diarrheal diseases (ADD) in Araguatins between 2014 and 2019 and its relationship with the quality of the public water supply. The study also analyzed the correlation between ADD frequency and rotavirus vaccination coverage of children. The data were obtained from the Brazilian Ministry of Health (SIVEP-DDA database) and the Health Surveillance Agency of Araguatins. The reported cases of acute diarrheal diseases significantly increased in 2018 and 2019 compared to the other years, and the occurrence of greater severity in the age group of ³10 years increased in the same period. The highest incidence of diarrhea occurred in 2018 when the application of rotavirus vaccines to children was the lowest. In most years investigated, the cases of acute diarrheal diseases occurred in both rainy and dry periods. However, in 2016, diarrhea cases were concentrated in the dry period, and Escherichia coli and total coliforms were found more frequently in the public water supply. The highest frequency of contamination with E. coli and total coliforms occurred in the Downtown area. The conclusion was that diarrheal disease may be caused, at least partially, by water-conveying agents in the treated public water supply of the Araguatins.
{"title":"Acute diarrheal diseases and their relationship with water quality in Araguatins, Tocantins, Brazil: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Késia Chaves da Silva, C. N. K. Suda","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-62592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-62592","url":null,"abstract":"Diarrhea remains a significant cause of death worldwide among children under five years old. In Brazil, the highest incidence of the disease occurs in the north region, and the epidemiological characteristics of diarrhea in Araguatins, TO, northern Brazil, have not been reported. The present study aimed to analyze the occurrence of acute diarrheal diseases (ADD) in Araguatins between 2014 and 2019 and its relationship with the quality of the public water supply. The study also analyzed the correlation between ADD frequency and rotavirus vaccination coverage of children. The data were obtained from the Brazilian Ministry of Health (SIVEP-DDA database) and the Health Surveillance Agency of Araguatins. The reported cases of acute diarrheal diseases significantly increased in 2018 and 2019 compared to the other years, and the occurrence of greater severity in the age group of ³10 years increased in the same period. The highest incidence of diarrhea occurred in 2018 when the application of rotavirus vaccines to children was the lowest. In most years investigated, the cases of acute diarrheal diseases occurred in both rainy and dry periods. However, in 2016, diarrhea cases were concentrated in the dry period, and Escherichia coli and total coliforms were found more frequently in the public water supply. The highest frequency of contamination with E. coli and total coliforms occurred in the Downtown area. The conclusion was that diarrheal disease may be caused, at least partially, by water-conveying agents in the treated public water supply of the Araguatins.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48221896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-61416
R. D. Carvalho, J. S. Miranda, N. C. Ramos, I.S.S.L. Weitzel, M. Amaral, E. Kimpara
Alternative surface treatments have been proposed for the cementation of lithium disilicate ceramics aiming to improve adhesive and flexural strength under fatigue. This study aimed to evaluate the slow crack growth (SCG) parameters of the lithium disilicate ceramic after hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching or air abrasion (AB) as surface treatments. Ceramic discs were treated with HF (5%, 20 s) or AB (30 µm silica-modified alumina particles, 2.8 bar, 10 mm distance, 15 s), and received a layer of resin cement. The surface roughness after surface treatment was evaluated (n = 5). Samples were tested in a piston-on-three-ball assembly to evaluate the flexural strength (n = 20), inert strength (n = 25), and to determine SCG parameters n and D (n = 35). The highest roughness (p < 0.01) was observed in the AB group, with the highest reliability according to the Weibull analysis, but the lowest SCG susceptibility. Flexural (p = 0.03) and inert strength (p < 0.01) were the greatest in the HF group. Despite exhibiting lower strength than 5% HF, air abrasion may be an alternative for the surface treatment of lithium disilicate surfaces, indicating the best prognosis over time.
{"title":"Effect of surface treatment on flexural strength and subcritical crack growth of lithium disilicate: an in vitro study","authors":"R. D. Carvalho, J. S. Miranda, N. C. Ramos, I.S.S.L. Weitzel, M. Amaral, E. Kimpara","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-61416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-61416","url":null,"abstract":"Alternative surface treatments have been proposed for the cementation of lithium disilicate ceramics aiming to improve adhesive and flexural strength under fatigue. This study aimed to evaluate the slow crack growth (SCG) parameters of the lithium disilicate ceramic after hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching or air abrasion (AB) as surface treatments. Ceramic discs were treated with HF (5%, 20 s) or AB (30 µm silica-modified alumina particles, 2.8 bar, 10 mm distance, 15 s), and received a layer of resin cement. The surface roughness after surface treatment was evaluated (n = 5). Samples were tested in a piston-on-three-ball assembly to evaluate the flexural strength (n = 20), inert strength (n = 25), and to determine SCG parameters n and D (n = 35). The highest roughness (p < 0.01) was observed in the AB group, with the highest reliability according to the Weibull analysis, but the lowest SCG susceptibility. Flexural (p = 0.03) and inert strength (p < 0.01) were the greatest in the HF group. Despite exhibiting lower strength than 5% HF, air abrasion may be an alternative for the surface treatment of lithium disilicate surfaces, indicating the best prognosis over time.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49377059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-64537
Hilara Niemeyer Ruas, João Vitor Lopes-Ferreira, F. C. Dias, Maria Emília Soares Martins dos Santos, Angelica de Oliveira Gomes, M. B. Freitas, M. Gomes
Oxidative stress due to obesity plays a detrimental role in the testicular microenvironment and sperm parameters. We explored the impact of a hypercaloric diet in male BALB/c mice as a condition to trigger damage to the spermatogenic process and the antioxidant effect of Aspalathus linearis as well. We used a hypercaloric diet in animals divided into 3 groups: Control, Hypercaloric diet control (HC) and Hypercaloric diet and Rooibos infusion (HCR). Morphometric parameters, enzyme dosages, cell viability, and tubular histopathology were evaluated. Body weight increased in HCR animals at weeks 3, 4, and 8. We found a reduction in seminiferous epithelium height, with an increase in the tubular diameter of the HCR group. Catalase levels were lower in HC and HCR, while carbonyl protein was decreased in HC. We estimate that it induces oxidative stress (OS) capable of affecting the seminiferous epithelium and that the infusion of A. linearis does not demonstrate a potential benefit in cell preservation.
{"title":"Effects of Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) on the Testicular Parenchyma of Adult BALB/C Mice Submitted to a Hypercaloric Diet","authors":"Hilara Niemeyer Ruas, João Vitor Lopes-Ferreira, F. C. Dias, Maria Emília Soares Martins dos Santos, Angelica de Oliveira Gomes, M. B. Freitas, M. Gomes","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-64537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-64537","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress due to obesity plays a detrimental role in the testicular microenvironment and sperm parameters. We explored the impact of a hypercaloric diet in male BALB/c mice as a condition to trigger damage to the spermatogenic process and the antioxidant effect of Aspalathus linearis as well. We used a hypercaloric diet in animals divided into 3 groups: Control, Hypercaloric diet control (HC) and Hypercaloric diet and Rooibos infusion (HCR). Morphometric parameters, enzyme dosages, cell viability, and tubular histopathology were evaluated. Body weight increased in HCR animals at weeks 3, 4, and 8. We found a reduction in seminiferous epithelium height, with an increase in the tubular diameter of the HCR group. Catalase levels were lower in HC and HCR, while carbonyl protein was decreased in HC. We estimate that it induces oxidative stress (OS) capable of affecting the seminiferous epithelium and that the infusion of A. linearis does not demonstrate a potential benefit in cell preservation.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44813665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-63281
Josandro dos Santos Da Silva, Thaís Dalzochio
Beaches are a source of parasite contamination because protozoan cysts and helminth eggs and larvae can remain viable in sandy soils for months. Parasitic infections are mainly related to hygiene conditions, health, and environmental education, and can affect the life quality of the population. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the presence of parasitic structures in five beaches located along the north coast of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Eighty samples were collected in August and September 2020 at the beaches of Torres, Tramandaí, Capão da Canoa, Arroio Teixeira, and Arroio do Sal and processed with the spontaneous sedimentation method for microscopic analyses. The results showed that 32% (26/80) of samples were positive for the presence of parasitic structures, and there was a significantly higher frequency of positive samples in September than in August. Torres was the beach with the highest frequency of positive samples, while Arroio Teixeira and Arroio do Sal presented the lowest frequency of contamination. Nematode larvae, including hookworm larvae, were the most prevalent parasitic structures in the samples. Hence, the sandy soil from beaches must be monitored to develop programs and strategies for improving infrastructures and basic sanitation conditions, thus ensuring the health of the population.
海滩是寄生虫污染的来源，因为原生动物囊肿、蠕虫卵和幼虫可以在沙质土壤中存活数月。寄生虫感染主要与卫生条件、健康和环境教育有关，并会影响人群的生活质量。因此，本研究旨在评估巴西南里奥格兰德州北海岸五个海滩是否存在寄生结构。2020年8月和9月，在Torres、Tramandaí、Capão da Canoa、Arroio Teixeira和Arroio do Sal海滩采集了80个样本，并用自发沉降法进行了微观分析。结果显示，32%（26/80）的样本对寄生结构的存在呈阳性，9月份的阳性样本频率明显高于8月份。托雷斯是阳性样本频率最高的海滩，而阿罗约-特谢拉和阿罗约-多-萨尔的污染频率最低。线虫幼虫，包括钩虫幼虫，是样本中最常见的寄生结构。因此，必须监测海滩的沙质土壤，以制定改善基础设施和基本卫生条件的计划和战略，从而确保人口的健康。
{"title":"The presence of parasitic structures in sandy soil samples from beaches located along the north coast of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil","authors":"Josandro dos Santos Da Silva, Thaís Dalzochio","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-63281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-63281","url":null,"abstract":"Beaches are a source of parasite contamination because protozoan cysts and helminth eggs and larvae can remain viable in sandy soils for months. Parasitic infections are mainly related to hygiene conditions, health, and environmental education, and can affect the life quality of the population. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the presence of parasitic structures in five beaches located along the north coast of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Eighty samples were collected in August and September 2020 at the beaches of Torres, Tramandaí, Capão da Canoa, Arroio Teixeira, and Arroio do Sal and processed with the spontaneous sedimentation method for microscopic analyses. The results showed that 32% (26/80) of samples were positive for the presence of parasitic structures, and there was a significantly higher frequency of positive samples in September than in August. Torres was the beach with the highest frequency of positive samples, while Arroio Teixeira and Arroio do Sal presented the lowest frequency of contamination. Nematode larvae, including hookworm larvae, were the most prevalent parasitic structures in the samples. Hence, the sandy soil from beaches must be monitored to develop programs and strategies for improving infrastructures and basic sanitation conditions, thus ensuring the health of the population.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43550731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-63187
L. Ferarrese, Hérika Line Marko de Oliveira, Gabriella Santana De Oliveira, Juliana Aparecida Mendonça, Wilsandrei Cella, Mário De Luca Neto, Rodrigo Sadao Inumaro, Larissa Rafaela de Paula Ferreira, Heris Lorenzi dos Santos Perfeito, E. Jacomassi, J. Gonçalves, Ranulfo Piau Júnior, D. Gonçalves, C. M. Fernandez, Z. C. Gazim
Tetradenia riparia (Hochst.) Codd (Lamiaceae) is a shrub, commonly known as ginger bush or false myrrh, and several studies have shown that T. riparia exhibits a variety of biological properties. This study aimed to determine the chemical composition of T. riparia essential oil and its fractions, investigate their anticholinesterase activity, and assess their larvicidal activity against the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus and the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Eleven essential oil fractions were obtained by fractionation and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Larvicidal activity against R. microplus and third-instar A. aegypti was assessed using a larval packet test and a larval immersion test, respectively. Anticholinesterase activity was determined by a bioautographic method. Forty-nine compounds were identified in the essential oil, of which the major classes were oxygenated sesquiterpenes (45.95%) and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (35.20%) and the major components were isospathulenol (17.40%), β-caryophyllene (15.61%), 14-hydroxy-9-epi-caryophyllene (10.07%), 14-hydroxy-α-muurolene (8.32%), and 9β,13β-epoxy-7-abietene (5.53%). Bioassays showed that T. riparia essential oil (LC50 = 1.56 µg/mL) and FR3 (LC50 = 0.30 µg/mL) were the most active against R. microplus and A. aegypti larvae, respectively. The essential oil and FR1, FR2, and FR3 exhibited acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. These results indicate that T. riparia essential oil and its fractions hold promise in the development of novel, environmentally safe agents for the control of R. microplus and A. aegypti larvae.
{"title":"Potential of Tetradenia riparia leaf essential oil and its fractions in controlling Aedes aegypti and Rhipicephalus microplus larvae","authors":"L. Ferarrese, Hérika Line Marko de Oliveira, Gabriella Santana De Oliveira, Juliana Aparecida Mendonça, Wilsandrei Cella, Mário De Luca Neto, Rodrigo Sadao Inumaro, Larissa Rafaela de Paula Ferreira, Heris Lorenzi dos Santos Perfeito, E. Jacomassi, J. Gonçalves, Ranulfo Piau Júnior, D. Gonçalves, C. M. Fernandez, Z. C. Gazim","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-63187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-63187","url":null,"abstract":"Tetradenia riparia (Hochst.) Codd (Lamiaceae) is a shrub, commonly known as ginger bush or false myrrh, and several studies have shown that T. riparia exhibits a variety of biological properties. This study aimed to determine the chemical composition of T. riparia essential oil and its fractions, investigate their anticholinesterase activity, and assess their larvicidal activity against the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus and the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Eleven essential oil fractions were obtained by fractionation and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Larvicidal activity against R. microplus and third-instar A. aegypti was assessed using a larval packet test and a larval immersion test, respectively. Anticholinesterase activity was determined by a bioautographic method. Forty-nine compounds were identified in the essential oil, of which the major classes were oxygenated sesquiterpenes (45.95%) and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (35.20%) and the major components were isospathulenol (17.40%), β-caryophyllene (15.61%), 14-hydroxy-9-epi-caryophyllene (10.07%), 14-hydroxy-α-muurolene (8.32%), and 9β,13β-epoxy-7-abietene (5.53%). Bioassays showed that T. riparia essential oil (LC50 = 1.56 µg/mL) and FR3 (LC50 = 0.30 µg/mL) were the most active against R. microplus and A. aegypti larvae, respectively. The essential oil and FR1, FR2, and FR3 exhibited acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. These results indicate that T. riparia essential oil and its fractions hold promise in the development of novel, environmentally safe agents for the control of R. microplus and A. aegypti larvae.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46996066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-62735
J. Cordeiro, Waleska Fernanda Souto Nóbrega, Milena Edite Casé de Oliveira, K. Gomes, Tiago Almeida de Oliveira, Â. G. R. C. Oliveira
To analyze the efficacy and psychometric properties of the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Questionnaire when applied to adolescents. It was a cross-sectional construct validation study. Ten questions on the knowledge of HIV/AIDS were selected from the questionnaire for further data analysis and applied to 623 adolescents attending high school. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0™ and Stata 14.0 software processed the data. Cronbach's Alpha verified the reliability of items, and the mean of each value ranged from 0.198 to 0.379. Factor analysis assessed the structure of correlations between variables. The resulting factors were lifestyle/habits, preventive actions, and endogenous and exogenous transmission. The scale was reliable for the studied population, ensuring the quality of the instrument.
分析知识、态度和实践问卷在青少年中的有效性和心理测量特性。这是一项横断面结构验证研究。从问卷中选择了10个关于艾滋病毒/艾滋病知识的问题进行进一步的数据分析，并将其应用于623名上高中的青少年。社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）25.0™ Stata 14.0软件对数据进行了处理。Cronbach’s Alpha验证了项目的可靠性，每个值的平均值在0.198到0.379之间。因子分析评估了变量之间的相关性结构。由此产生的因素包括生活方式/习惯、预防措施以及内生和外源性传播。该量表对研究人群来说是可靠的，确保了仪器的质量。
{"title":"Factor analysis and cronbach’s alpha for studying the knowledge of adolescents on HIV/AIDS: a construct validation study","authors":"J. Cordeiro, Waleska Fernanda Souto Nóbrega, Milena Edite Casé de Oliveira, K. Gomes, Tiago Almeida de Oliveira, Â. G. R. C. Oliveira","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-62735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-62735","url":null,"abstract":"To analyze the efficacy and psychometric properties of the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Questionnaire when applied to adolescents. It was a cross-sectional construct validation study. Ten questions on the knowledge of HIV/AIDS were selected from the questionnaire for further data analysis and applied to 623 adolescents attending high school. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0™ and Stata 14.0 software processed the data. Cronbach's Alpha verified the reliability of items, and the mean of each value ranged from 0.198 to 0.379. Factor analysis assessed the structure of correlations between variables. The resulting factors were lifestyle/habits, preventive actions, and endogenous and exogenous transmission. The scale was reliable for the studied population, ensuring the quality of the instrument.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41519457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65902
A. M. Alqahtani, Khalid Orayj, S. M. Alshahrani, Afaf A Aldahish, T. Alqahtani, Amani H AlShahrani, N. Alshahrani, Ahlam Alshahrani, Hajar Saad Dajam, A. Alqarni
The speedy change in the Saudi Arabian community's socio-demographic pattern will significantly influence reproductive attitudes and practices with increasing preferences toward family planning because of the use of contraceptives. The current study was conducted to determine the attitudes and knowledge of married women in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia regarding contraceptives use. Saudi married women from the Aseer region were the participants of this cross-sectional study. The study's objectives were covered via a standardized questionnaire, and the study comprised of 412 married women. A 100 % participant’s response was demonstrated, while 31.8 % of the respondents were 31-40 years old. Most of the participants have a great awareness and knowledge about contraceptives, while (n=324; 78.6%) had previously used contraceptives. Additionally, 297 (72.1%) have intention to use contraceptive methods in the future. Majority of the participants (n=297; 91.6%) considered the economic and family planning as a reason for using the contraceptives, while natural family planning was mostly preferred (n=202; 49%). Logistic regression analysis exhibited significant correlation between the age, education, employment, monthly income and children number. The findings show that Saudi married women have high perceptions and knowledge of contraception. However, more effort is required to raise awareness regarding family planning and contraceptives, whereas the policy makers must exclude the obstacles to women from using contraceptives.
{"title":"Attitudes and knowledge about contraceptive use of saudi married women: a cross-sectional study approach","authors":"A. M. Alqahtani, Khalid Orayj, S. M. Alshahrani, Afaf A Aldahish, T. Alqahtani, Amani H AlShahrani, N. Alshahrani, Ahlam Alshahrani, Hajar Saad Dajam, A. Alqarni","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65902","url":null,"abstract":"The speedy change in the Saudi Arabian community's socio-demographic pattern will significantly influence reproductive attitudes and practices with increasing preferences toward family planning because of the use of contraceptives. The current study was conducted to determine the attitudes and knowledge of married women in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia regarding contraceptives use. Saudi married women from the Aseer region were the participants of this cross-sectional study. The study's objectives were covered via a standardized questionnaire, and the study comprised of 412 married women. A 100 % participant’s response was demonstrated, while 31.8 % of the respondents were 31-40 years old. Most of the participants have a great awareness and knowledge about contraceptives, while (n=324; 78.6%) had previously used contraceptives. Additionally, 297 (72.1%) have intention to use contraceptive methods in the future. Majority of the participants (n=297; 91.6%) considered the economic and family planning as a reason for using the contraceptives, while natural family planning was mostly preferred (n=202; 49%). Logistic regression analysis exhibited significant correlation between the age, education, employment, monthly income and children number. The findings show that Saudi married women have high perceptions and knowledge of contraception. However, more effort is required to raise awareness regarding family planning and contraceptives, whereas the policy makers must exclude the obstacles to women from using contraceptives.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49576566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65928
Gabriela Lucas Cardoso, M. M. S. Felix, Maria Beatriz Guimarães Raponi, F. de Martino, P. Pires, M. H. Barbosa
This study aimed to analyze the incidence of vascular complications and associated factors in patients undergoing elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. This study is observational, quantitative, and longitudinal, and followed 50 patients undergoing elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. An instrument for the sociodemographic, clinical, procedure, and vascular complications characterization was used for data collection. And descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multiple binomial logistic regression were used for data analysis. The level of statistical significance considered was 95%. It was detected the prevalence of male patients (70%), elderly (54%), and diagnosed with systemic arterial hypertension (72%). As for the percutaneous access route prevailed the radial approach (64%). Age and body mass index were identified as possible risk factors for vascular complications. In the 50 procedures performed, there was a prevalence of hematomas (20%) and bleeding (10%). Among the complications prevailed radial Early Discharge After Transradial Stenting of Coronary (60%), large femoral hematoma (20%), small femoral hematoma (20%), and bleeding (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium 2) (100%). The results concluded an elevated incidence of vascular complications in the first 24 hours after elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. This study contributes to research, assistance, and training in health and nursing by identifying post-PTCA vascular complications, minimizing their progression, handling their management, and developing health care safety protocols.
{"title":"Complications after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and associated factors","authors":"Gabriela Lucas Cardoso, M. M. S. Felix, Maria Beatriz Guimarães Raponi, F. de Martino, P. Pires, M. H. Barbosa","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65928","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to analyze the incidence of vascular complications and associated factors in patients undergoing elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. This study is observational, quantitative, and longitudinal, and followed 50 patients undergoing elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. An instrument for the sociodemographic, clinical, procedure, and vascular complications characterization was used for data collection. And descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multiple binomial logistic regression were used for data analysis. The level of statistical significance considered was 95%. It was detected the prevalence of male patients (70%), elderly (54%), and diagnosed with systemic arterial hypertension (72%). As for the percutaneous access route prevailed the radial approach (64%). Age and body mass index were identified as possible risk factors for vascular complications. In the 50 procedures performed, there was a prevalence of hematomas (20%) and bleeding (10%). Among the complications prevailed radial Early Discharge After Transradial Stenting of Coronary (60%), large femoral hematoma (20%), small femoral hematoma (20%), and bleeding (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium 2) (100%). The results concluded an elevated incidence of vascular complications in the first 24 hours after elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. This study contributes to research, assistance, and training in health and nursing by identifying post-PTCA vascular complications, minimizing their progression, handling their management, and developing health care safety protocols.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45700423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65125
Joyce Farias Louza De Sousa, P. Naves, L. Guilherme
Rifampicin has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, but it can cause nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic damage because high doses are required. Nanosystems emerge as a perspective to improve the transport systems of this drug. In this work, iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesised, functionalized with lauric acid, and rifampicin was incorporated into the nanosystem. The samples were characterized by spectroscopic techniques: electronics in the visible ultraviolet region (UV-vis), vibrational absorption in the infrared region (IR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and dynamic light scattering (DSL). The toxicity of the nanocompounds and the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 were studied by the Artemia salina lethality and disc diffusion techniques, respectively. As a result, IR analysis showed characteristic vibrations of laurate and rifampicin on the surface of the nanosystem. The presence of magnetic iron oxide was confirmed by XRD and the mean diameter of the crystallites was 8.37 nm. The hydrodynamic diameter of rifampicin associated with the nanosystem was 402 nm and that of the nanosystem without rifampicin was 57 nm. The compounds did not show toxicity to Artemia salina and the in vitro antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was slightly decreased when rifampicin was associated with the nanosystem. In general terms, the results showed that iron oxide nanoparticles showed no toxicity and reduced the toxicity of rifampicin by 41.54% when carried compared to free rifampicin. Therefore, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles may have the potential to act as a platform for associated drugs.
{"title":"Synthesis and evaluation of toxicity and antimicrobial activity of rifampicin associated with iron oxide nanoparticles","authors":"Joyce Farias Louza De Sousa, P. Naves, L. Guilherme","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-65125","url":null,"abstract":"Rifampicin has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, but it can cause nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic damage because high doses are required. Nanosystems emerge as a perspective to improve the transport systems of this drug. In this work, iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesised, functionalized with lauric acid, and rifampicin was incorporated into the nanosystem. The samples were characterized by spectroscopic techniques: electronics in the visible ultraviolet region (UV-vis), vibrational absorption in the infrared region (IR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and dynamic light scattering (DSL). The toxicity of the nanocompounds and the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 were studied by the Artemia salina lethality and disc diffusion techniques, respectively. As a result, IR analysis showed characteristic vibrations of laurate and rifampicin on the surface of the nanosystem. The presence of magnetic iron oxide was confirmed by XRD and the mean diameter of the crystallites was 8.37 nm. The hydrodynamic diameter of rifampicin associated with the nanosystem was 402 nm and that of the nanosystem without rifampicin was 57 nm. The compounds did not show toxicity to Artemia salina and the in vitro antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was slightly decreased when rifampicin was associated with the nanosystem. In general terms, the results showed that iron oxide nanoparticles showed no toxicity and reduced the toxicity of rifampicin by 41.54% when carried compared to free rifampicin. Therefore, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles may have the potential to act as a platform for associated drugs.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66670949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-03DOI: 10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-62830
Cassio Rafael Costa dos Santos, Augusto Takayuki Matsunaga, Luiz Rodolfo Reis Costa, Mario Lima dos Santos, Alberto Bentes Brasil Neto, R. P. Rodrigues, M. D. N. M. Maciel, V. S. Melo
The usage of spatial tools might be helpful in the optimization of decision-making regarding soil management, with technologies that assist in the interpretation of information related to soil fertility. Therefore, the present study evaluated the spatial variability of chemical attributes of the soil under an agroforestry system compared to a native forest in the municipality of Tomé-açu, Eastern Amazon, Brazil. Soil samples were performed at 36 points arranged in a 55 x 55 m grid. The soils were prepared and submitted to analysis in order to determine pH in H2O, exchangeable calcium, magnesium, potassium and aluminium, available phosphorus, potential acidity, organic matter, bases saturation and aluminium saturation. For each soil attribute, the spherical, gaussian and exponential models were adjusted. After the semivariograms fitting, data interpolation for assessment of spatial variability of the variables was performed through ordinary kriging. The spherical and gaussian models were the most efficient models in estimation of soil attributes spatial variability, in most cases. Most of variables presented a regular spatial variability in their respective kriging maps, with some exceptions. In general, the kriging maps can be used, and we can take them as logistical maps for management and intervention practices in order to improve the soil fertility in the study areas. The results principal components indicate the need for integrated management of soil chemical attributes, with localized application of acidity correctors, fertilizers and other types of incomes, using the spatial variability of these fertility variables.
空间工具的使用可能有助于优化土壤管理决策，技术有助于解释与土壤肥力有关的信息。因此，本研究评估了与巴西亚马逊东部托梅阿苏市的原生森林相比，农林系统下土壤化学属性的空间变异性。在布置在55 x 55 m网格中的36个点处进行土壤取样。制备土壤并进行分析，以确定H2O中的pH值、可交换的钙、镁、钾和铝、有效磷、潜在酸度、有机质、碱饱和度和铝饱和度。对于每个土壤属性，调整了球形、高斯和指数模型。半方差图拟合后，通过普通克里格法进行数据插值，以评估变量的空间变异性。在大多数情况下，球形和高斯模型是估计土壤属性空间变异性的最有效模型。除了一些例外，大多数变量在各自的克里格图中都呈现出规则的空间变异性。一般来说，可以使用克里格图，我们可以将其作为管理和干预实践的后勤图，以提高研究区域的土壤肥力。结果的主要组成部分表明，需要对土壤化学属性进行综合管理，利用这些肥力变量的空间变异性，局部应用酸度校正器、化肥和其他类型的收入。
{"title":"Spatial variability of soil fertility under agroforestry system and native forest in eastern Amazonia, Brazil","authors":"Cassio Rafael Costa dos Santos, Augusto Takayuki Matsunaga, Luiz Rodolfo Reis Costa, Mario Lima dos Santos, Alberto Bentes Brasil Neto, R. P. Rodrigues, M. D. N. M. Maciel, V. S. Melo","doi":"10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-62830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-62830","url":null,"abstract":"The usage of spatial tools might be helpful in the optimization of decision-making regarding soil management, with technologies that assist in the interpretation of information related to soil fertility. Therefore, the present study evaluated the spatial variability of chemical attributes of the soil under an agroforestry system compared to a native forest in the municipality of Tomé-açu, Eastern Amazon, Brazil. Soil samples were performed at 36 points arranged in a 55 x 55 m grid. The soils were prepared and submitted to analysis in order to determine pH in H2O, exchangeable calcium, magnesium, potassium and aluminium, available phosphorus, potential acidity, organic matter, bases saturation and aluminium saturation. For each soil attribute, the spherical, gaussian and exponential models were adjusted. After the semivariograms fitting, data interpolation for assessment of spatial variability of the variables was performed through ordinary kriging. The spherical and gaussian models were the most efficient models in estimation of soil attributes spatial variability, in most cases. Most of variables presented a regular spatial variability in their respective kriging maps, with some exceptions. In general, the kriging maps can be used, and we can take them as logistical maps for management and intervention practices in order to improve the soil fertility in the study areas. The results principal components indicate the need for integrated management of soil chemical attributes, with localized application of acidity correctors, fertilizers and other types of incomes, using the spatial variability of these fertility variables.","PeriodicalId":8951,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41577044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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