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3D printed scaffolds of biosilica and spongin from marine sponges: analysis of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity for bone tissue repair. 从海洋海绵中提取的生物二氧化硅和海绵蛋白三维打印支架:用于骨组织修复的遗传毒性和细胞毒性分析。
IF 3.5 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03042-z
Karolyne Dos Santos Jorge Sousa, Amanda de Souza, Matheus de Almeida Cruz, Lindiane Eloisa de Lima, Giovanna do Espirito Santo, Gustavo Oliva Amaral, Renata Neves Granito, Ana Claudia Renno

Biosilica (BS) and spongin (SPG) from marine sponges are highlighted for their potential to promote bone regeneration. Moreover, 3D printing is introduced as a technology for producing bone grafts with optimized porous structures, allowing for better cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the BS and BS/SPG 3D printed scaffolds and to evaluate the biological effects in vitro. The scaffolds were printed using an ink containing 4 wt.% of sodium alginate. The physicochemical characteristics of BS and BS/SPG 3D printed scaffolds were analyzed by SEM, EDS, FTIR, porosity, evaluation of mass loss, and pH measurement. For in vitro analysis, the cellular viability of the MC3T3-E1 cell lineage was assessed using the AlamarBlue® assay and confocal microscopy, while genotoxicity and mineralization potential were evaluated through the micronucleus assay and Alizarin Red S, respectively. SEM analysis revealed spicules in BS, the fibrillar structure of SPG, and material degradation over the immersion period. FTIR indicated peaks corresponding to silicon oxide in BS samples and carbon oxide and amine in SPG samples. BS-SPG scaffolds exhibited higher porosity, while BS scaffolds displayed greater mass loss. pH measurements indicated a significant decrease induced by BS, which was mitigated by SPG over the experimental periods. In vitro studies demonstrated the biocompatibility and non-cytotoxicity of scaffold extracts. .Also, the scaffolds promoted cellular differentiation. The micronucleus test further confirmed the absence of genotoxicity. These findings suggest that 3D printed BS and BS/SPG scaffolds may possess desirable morphological and physicochemical properties, indicating in vitro biocompatibility.

从海洋海绵中提取的生物二氧化硅(BS)和海绵蛋白(SPG)因其促进骨再生的潜力而备受瞩目。此外,3D 打印技术可用于生产具有优化多孔结构的骨移植物,使细胞更好地附着、增殖和分化。因此,本研究旨在确定 BS 和 BS/SPG 三维打印支架的特性,并评估其体外生物效应。这些支架是用含有 4 重量百分比海藻酸钠的油墨打印的。通过 SEM、EDS、FTIR、孔隙率、质量损失评估和 pH 值测量分析了 BS 和 BS/SPG 三维打印支架的理化特性。在体外分析方面,使用 AlamarBlue® 分析法和共聚焦显微镜评估了 MC3T3-E1 细胞系的细胞活力,并分别通过微核试验和茜素红 S 评估了遗传毒性和矿化潜力。扫描电子显微镜分析显示了 BS 中的尖晶石、SPG 的纤维状结构以及浸泡期间的材料降解情况。傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)显示,BS 样品中的峰值与氧化硅相对应,SPG 样品中的峰值与氧化碳和胺相对应。BS-SPG 支架显示出更高的孔隙率,而 BS 支架则显示出更大的质量损失。 pH 值测量结果表明,BS 引起的 pH 值显著下降,而 SPG 则在实验期间缓解了这一现象。体外研究表明,支架提取物具有生物相容性和无细胞毒性。此外,支架还能促进细胞分化。微核试验进一步证实了其无遗传毒性。这些研究结果表明,三维打印 BS 和 BS/SPG 支架可能具有理想的形态和理化特性,表明其具有体外生物相容性。
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引用次数: 0
Enhanced low-cost lipopeptide biosurfactant production by Bacillus velezensis from residual glycerin. Velezensis 杆菌利用残留甘油生产低成本脂肽生物表面活性剂的能力得到增强。
IF 3.5 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03051-y
Henrique A Brito, Amanda P Napp, Evandro Pereira, Evelise Bach, João V B Borowski, Luciane M P Passaglia, Vania M M Melo, Raphael Moreira, E Johan Foster, Fernanda C Lopes, Marilene H Vainstein

Biosurfactants (BSFs) are molecules produced by microorganisms from various carbon sources, with applications in bioremediation and petroleum recovery. However, the production cost limits large-scale applications. This study optimized BSFs production by Bacillus velezensis (strain MO13) using residual glycerin as a substrate. The spherical quadratic central composite design (CCD) model was used to standardize carbon source concentration (30 g/L), temperature (34 °C), pH (7.2), stirring (239 rpm), and aeration (0.775 vvm) in a 5-L bioreactor. Maximum BSFs production reached 1527.6 mg/L of surfactins and 176.88 mg/L of iturins, a threefold increase through optimization. Microbial development, substrate consumption, concentration of BSFs, and surface tension were also evaluated on the bioprocess dynamics. Mass spectrometry Q-TOF-MS identified five surfactin and two iturin isoforms produced by B. velezensis MO13. This study demonstrates significant progress on BSF production using industrial waste as a microbial substrate, surpassing reported concentrations in the literature.

生物表面活性剂(BSFs)是微生物利用各种碳源产生的分子,可应用于生物修复和石油回收。然而,生产成本限制了其大规模应用。本研究以残余甘油为底物,优化了 Velezensis 杆菌(菌株 MO13)的 BSFs 产量。在 5 升生物反应器中,采用球形二次中央复合设计(CCD)模型对碳源浓度(30 g/L)、温度(34 °C)、pH 值(7.2)、搅拌(239 rpm)和通气(0.775 vvm)进行了标准化。通过优化,BSFs 的最高产量达到了 1527.6 mg/L(表面活性剂)和 176.88 mg/L(伊曲肽),增加了三倍。此外,还评估了微生物发展、底物消耗、BSFs 浓度和表面张力对生物过程动态的影响。质谱 Q-TOF-MS 鉴定出了由 B. velezensis MO13 产生的五种表面活性剂和两种伊图灵同工酶。这项研究表明,利用工业废物作为微生物底物生产 BSF 取得了重大进展,其浓度超过了文献报道的浓度。
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引用次数: 0
Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles by fungi and its potential in SERS. 真菌生物合成金纳米粒子及其在 SERS 中的应用潜力。
IF 3.5 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03053-w
Jacqueline Olvera-Aripez, Santiago Camacho-López, Mariela Flores-Castañeda, Carlos Belman-Rodríguez, Alfredo R Vilchis-Nestor, Ernestina Castro-Longoria

Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) by using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has gained relevance for the identification of biomolecules and some cancer cells. Searching for greener NPs synthesis alternatives, we evaluated the SERS properties of AuNPs produced by using different filamentous fungi. The AuNPs were synthesized utilizing the supernatant of Botrytis cinerea, Trichoderma atroviride, Trichoderma asperellum, Alternaria sp. and Ganoderma sessile. The AuNPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) to identify its characteristic surface plasmon resonance, which was located at 545 nm (B. cinerea), 550 nm (T. atroviride), 540 nm (T. asperellum), 530 nm (Alternaria sp.), and 525 nm (G. sessile). Morphology, size and crystal structure were characterized through transmission electron microscopy (TEM); colloidal stability was assessed by Z-potential measurements. We found that, under specific incubation conditions, it was possible to obtain AuNPs with spherical and quasi-spherical shapes, which mean size range depends on the fungal species supernatant with 92.9 nm (B. cinerea), 24.7 nm (T. atroviride), 16.4 nm (T. asperellum), 9.5 nm (Alternaria sp.), and 13.6 nm (G. sessile). This, as it can be expected, has an effect on Raman amplification. A micro-Raman spectroscopy system operated at a wavelength of 532 nm was used for the evaluation of the SERS features of the AuNPs. We chose methylene blue as our target molecule since it has been widely used for such a purpose in the literature. Our results show that AuNPs synthesized with the supernatant of T. atroviride, T. asperellum and Alternaria sp. produce the stronger SERS effect, with enhancement factor (EF) of 20.9, 28.8 and 35.46, respectively. These results are promising and could serve as the base line for the development of biosensors through a facile, simple, and low-cost green alternative.

利用金纳米粒子(AuNPs)进行的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)在生物大分子和一些癌细胞的鉴定方面具有重要意义。为了寻找更环保的 NPs 合成替代品,我们评估了利用不同丝状真菌生产的 AuNPs 的 SERS 特性。AuNPs 是利用 Botrytis cinerea、Trichoderma atroviride、Trichoderma asperellum、Alternaria sp.和 Ganoderma sessile 的上清液合成的。紫外可见光谱(UV-Vis)对 AuNPs 进行了表征,以确定其特征性表面等离子体共振,其波长分别为 545 nm(B. cinerea)、550 nm(T. atroviride)、540 nm(T. asperellum)、530 nm(Alternaria sp.)和 525 nm(G. sessile)。通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)对形态、尺寸和晶体结构进行了表征;通过 Z 电位测量对胶体稳定性进行了评估。我们发现,在特定的培养条件下,可以获得球形和准球形的 AuNPs,其平均尺寸范围取决于真菌种类的上清液,分别为 92.9 nm(B. cinerea)、24.7 nm(T. atroviride)、16.4 nm(T. asperellum)、9.5 nm(Alternaria sp.)和 13.6 nm(G. sessile)。可以预见,这将对拉曼放大产生影响。我们使用波长为 532 nm 的微型拉曼光谱系统来评估 AuNPs 的 SERS 特征。我们选择亚甲基蓝作为目标分子,因为它在文献中已被广泛应用。我们的结果表明,用 T. atroviride、T. asperellum 和 Alternaria sp.的上清液合成的 AuNPs 产生了更强的 SERS 效果,增强因子(EF)分别为 20.9、28.8 和 35.46。这些结果很有希望,可以作为开发生物传感器的基础,提供一种方便、简单和低成本的绿色替代方法。
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引用次数: 0
Green NiO nanoparticle-integrated PVA-alginate hydrogel: potent nanocatalyst for efficient reduction of anthropogenic water pollutants. 绿色氧化镍纳米粒子集成 PVA-海藻酸盐水凝胶:高效减少人为水污染物的强效纳米催化剂。
IF 3.5 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03046-9
Ganeswar Dalei, Monalisa Jena, Debasis Jena, Navneel Kaur, M Swadhin Shakti Prasad, Ayushman Sahu, Bijnyan Ranjan Das, Subhraseema Das

Hydrogel nanocatalyst composed of nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles embedded in PVA-alginate hydrogels were potentially explored toward the reduction of anthropogenic water pollutants. The NiO nanoparticles was accomplished via green method using waste pineapple peel extract. The formation of the nanoparticles was affirmed from different analytical techniques such as UV-Vis, FTIR, XRD, TGA, FESEM, and EDS. Spherical NiO nanoparticles were obtained having an average size of 11.5 nm. The nano NiO were then integrated into PVA-alginate hydrogel matrix forming a nanocomposite hydrogel (PVALg@ NiO). The integration of nano NiO rendered an improved thermal stability to the parent hydrogel. The PVALg@ NiO hydrogel was utilized as a catalyst in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), potassium hexacyanoferrate (III), rhodamine B (RhB), methyl orange (MO), and malachite green (MG) in the presence of a reducing agent, i.e., NaBH4. Under optimized conditions, the reduction reactions were completed by 4.0 min and 3.0 min for 4-NP and potassium hexacyanoferrate (III), respectively, and the rate constant was estimated to be 1.14 min-1 and 2.15 min-1. The rate of reduction was found to be faster for the dyes and the respective rate constants were be 0.17 s-1 for RhB, MG and 0.05 s-1 for MO. The PVALg@ NiO hydrogel nanocatalyst demonstrated a recyclability of four runs without any perceptible diminution in its catalytic mettle. The efficacy of the PVALg@ NiO hydrogel nanocatalyst was further examined for the reduction of dyes in real water samples collected from different sources and the results affirm its high catalytic potential. Thus, this study paves the path for the development of a sustainable hydrogel nanocatalyst for reduction of hazardous pollutants in wastewater treatment.

由嵌入 PVA-海藻酸盐水凝胶的氧化镍(NiO)纳米颗粒组成的水凝胶纳米催化剂在减少人为水污染物方面具有潜力。纳米氧化镍颗粒是利用废弃菠萝皮提取物通过绿色方法制成的。紫外可见光、傅立叶变换红外光谱、X 射线衍射、热重分析、有限电子显微镜和电致发光等分析技术证实了纳米粒子的形成。获得的球形氧化镍纳米粒子的平均尺寸为 11.5 纳米。纳米氧化镍随后被整合到 PVA-海藻酸盐水凝胶基质中,形成纳米复合水凝胶(PVALg@ NiO)。纳米氧化镍的加入提高了母体水凝胶的热稳定性。PVALg@ NiO 水凝胶被用作催化剂,在还原剂 NaBH4 的存在下还原 4-硝基苯酚 (4-NP)、六氰基铁酸钾 (III)、罗丹明 B (RhB)、甲基橙 (MO) 和孔雀石绿 (MG)。在优化条件下,4-NP 和六氰合铁酸钾 (III) 的还原反应分别在 4.0 分钟和 3.0 分钟内完成,速率常数分别为 1.14 分钟-1 和 2.15 分钟-1。染料的还原速度较快,RhB、MG 和 MO 的还原速率常数分别为 0.17 s-1 和 0.05 s-1。PVALg@ NiO 水凝胶纳米催化剂可循环使用四次,其催化性能没有明显下降。研究人员还进一步检测了 PVALg@ NiO 水凝胶纳米催化剂还原不同来源真实水样中染料的功效,结果证实了它具有很高的催化潜力。因此,这项研究为开发一种可持续的水凝胶纳米催化剂来减少废水处理中的有害污染物铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancement of poly‑γ‑L‑diaminobutanoic acid production in Bacillus pumilus by repeated pH shocks. 通过反复 pH 值冲击提高枯草芽孢杆菌的聚-γ-L-二氨基丁酸产量
IF 3.5 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03050-z
Shu Li, Nan Wang, Xiaoting Li

This study investigated the effect of pH on poly-γ-L-diaminobutanoic acid (γ-PAB) production by Bacillus pumilus in batch fermentation. In the natural fermentation where pH was not controlled, pH decreased from initial 7.0 to 3.0 in 18 h and γ-PAB production was 428.6 mg/L. In the pH-controlled fermentation, B. pumilus tended to proliferation at higher pH, while γ-PAB synthesis was favorable at lower pH, in which the optimal pH for γ-PAB production was 4.2, and γ-PAB yield reached 2284.5 mg/L. Adopting a pH shock strategy which lasted 9 h in the pre-fermentation phase, biomass (OD600) and γ-PAB yield of B. pumilus were obtained as 61.3 and 2794.6 mg/L, respectively, which were 10.8% and 22.4% higher than those in batch fermentation without pH shock. Subsequent fermentation of repeated pH shocks showed that a further higher productivity could be achieved, in which the final OD600 reached 65.1, and γ-PAB production reached as high as 3482.3 mg/L, which were increased by 6.2% and 17.1% compared with those in single pH shock, respectively. This study demonstrated that B. pumilus can synthesize more γ-PAB at suboptimal pH and provided a novel approach to regulate γ-PAB synthesis.

本研究探讨了 pH 值对枯草芽孢杆菌批量发酵生产聚-γ-L-二氨基丁酸(γ-PAB)的影响。在未控制 pH 值的自然发酵中,pH 值在 18 小时内从初始的 7.0 降至 3.0,γ-PAB 产量为 428.6 mg/L。在控制 pH 值的发酵中,普米氏菌在较高的 pH 值下倾向于增殖,而在较低的 pH 值下有利于γ-PAB 的合成,其中γ-PAB 生成的最佳 pH 值为 4.2,γ-PAB 产量达到 2284.5 mg/L。在预发酵阶段采用持续 9 小时的 pH 震荡策略,得到的 B. pumilus 生物量(OD600)和γ-PAB 产量分别为 61.3 和 2794.6 mg/L,比未进行 pH 震荡的批次发酵分别高出 10.8%和 22.4%。随后的重复 pH 震荡发酵表明,可以进一步提高生产率,最终 OD600 达到 65.1,γ-PAB 产量高达 3482.3 mg/L,与单次 pH 震荡发酵相比,分别提高了 6.2% 和 17.1%。该研究表明,普米氏菌能在次优pH条件下合成更多的γ-PAB,为调节γ-PAB的合成提供了一种新方法。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental study on the mechanical properties of desert sand improved by the combination of additives and bio-cement. 通过添加剂和生物水泥的组合改善沙漠沙机械性能的实验研究。
IF 3.5 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03034-z
Wan-Jun Ye, Xiao Fu, Yun-Tao Wu, Zi-Hao Zhou, Qian-Qian Ma

Bio-cement is a green and energy-saving building material that has attracted much attention in the field of ecological environment and geotechnical engineering in recent years. The aim of this study is to investigate the use of bio-cement (enzyme-induced calcium carbonate precipitation-EICP) in combination with admixtures for the improvement of desert sands, which can effectively improve the mechanical properties of desert sands and is particularly suitable for sand-rich countries. In addition, the suitability of tap water in bio-cement was elucidated and the optimum ratio of each influencing factor when tap water is used as a solvent was derived. The results showed that peak values of unconfined compressive strength (maximum increase of about 130 times), shear strength (increase of 27.09%), calcium carbonate precipitation value (increase of about 4.39 times), and permeability (decrease of about 93.72 times) were obtained in the specimens modified by EICP combined with admixture as compared to the specimens modified by EICP only. The incorporation of skimmed milk powder, though significantly increasing the strength, is not conducive to cost control. The microscopic tests show that the incorporation of admixtures can provide nucleation sites for EICP, thus improving the properties of desert sand. This work can provide new research ideas for cross-fertilization between the disciplines of bio-engineering, ecology, and civil engineering.

生物水泥是一种绿色节能建筑材料,近年来在生态环境和岩土工程领域备受关注。本研究旨在探讨生物水泥(酶诱导碳酸钙沉淀-EICP)与外加剂结合用于改良荒漠沙,可有效改善荒漠沙的力学性能,尤其适用于富沙国家。此外,还阐明了自来水在生物水泥中的适用性,并得出了自来水作为溶剂时各影响因素的最佳比例。结果表明,与仅使用 EICP 改性的试样相比,使用 EICP 结合外加剂改性的试样的无侧限抗压强度(最大提高约 130 倍)、剪切强度(提高 27.09%)、碳酸钙析出值(提高约 4.39 倍)和渗透性(降低约 93.72 倍)均达到峰值。掺入脱脂奶粉虽然能显著提高强度,但不利于成本控制。微观试验表明,掺入外加剂可为 EICP 提供成核点,从而改善沙漠砂的性能。这项工作可以为生物工程、生态学和土木工程学科之间的交叉融合提供新的研究思路。
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引用次数: 0
Bioenzyme mediated hydrodistillation (BMHD) for extraction of mint oil from mentha leaves: improvement in yield and menthol content. 用生物酶介导的水蒸馏法(BMHD)从薄荷叶中提取薄荷油:提高产量和薄荷醇含量。
IF 3.5 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03041-0
Sunidhi Thakiyal, Surekha Bhatia, Charanjeet Kaur, Urmila Gupta Phutela, Mohammed Shafiq Alam, Rohit Sharma

The present study optimized pre-treatment conditions for bioenzyme-mediated hydro-distillation (BMHD) for extraction of mint oil from mentha leaves and the results were compared with those of traditional hydro-distillation (HD) method using response surface methodology. The bio-enzymes produced from moringa leaves had maximum pectinase activity (287.04 µg of sugar/min/ml) followed by xylanase (87.78 µg of sugar/min/ml) while endoglucanase, exoglucanase and amylase activities were comparatively low. The optimized conditions for HD were 69.08 temperature for 173.70 min with water:sample of 10.0. The optimized conditions for enzyme pre-treatment of mentha leaves by BMHD were enzyme concentration of 8%, for a period of 120 min at an incubation period of 40 ℃. The yield (%) and menthol content (%) of the oil at optimized conditions by HD were 1.55 ml/100 g of sample and 56.40% menthol content, respectively, and for BMHD the yield and menthol content (%) of the oil at optimized conditions were 3.69% and 72.80%, respectively. It was found that BMHD leads to a 130% increase in the yield of mint oil and a 10% increase in menthol content as compared to the HD method. No significant difference in physical parameters was observed in mint oil extracted via both methods. Therefore, BMHD is a cost-effective and sustainable approach having an edge over the HD method without compromising the quality and could be a viable approach for commercial purposes.

本研究对生物酶介导的水蒸馏法(BMHD)从薄荷叶中提取薄荷油的预处理条件进行了优化,并采用响应面法将结果与传统的水蒸馏法(HD)进行了比较。从薄荷叶中提取的生物酶具有最高的果胶酶活性(287.04 微克糖/分钟/毫升),其次是木聚糖酶(87.78 微克糖/分钟/毫升),而内切葡聚糖酶、外切葡聚糖酶和淀粉酶活性相对较低。HD 的优化条件为 69.08 摄氏度,173.70 分钟,水与样品的比例为 10.0。用 BMHD 对薄荷叶进行酶预处理的最佳条件是酶浓度为 8%,孵育期为 40 ℃,时间为 120 分钟。在最佳条件下,HD 的产油量(%)和薄荷醇含量(%)分别为 1.55 毫升/100 克样品和 56.40% 的薄荷醇含量;而在最佳条件下,BMHD 的产油量和薄荷醇含量(%)分别为 3.69% 和 72.80%。与 HD 法相比,BMHD 法的薄荷油产量提高了 130%,薄荷醇含量提高了 10%。两种方法提取的薄荷油在物理参数上没有明显差异。因此,BMHD 是一种具有成本效益和可持续发展的方法,与 HD 方法相比,它在不影响质量的情况下具有优势,可以作为商业用途的可行方法。
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引用次数: 0
Rhodococcus erythropolis ATCC 4277 behavior against different metals and its potential use in waste biomining. 红球菌(Rhodococcus erythropolis ATCC 4277)对不同金属的抗性及其在废物生物采矿中的潜在用途。
IF 3.5 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03048-7
Igor Yannick das Neves Vasconcellos Brandão, Pedro Henrique Barboza de Souza Silva, Tayna Vale Castori, Yasmim Tavares de Souza, Ricardo Gabbay de Souza, Aline Fontana Batista, Sergio Luis Graciano Petroni, Talita Corrêa Nazareth Zanutto, Claudia Barbosa Ladeira de Campos, Danielle Maass

Rhodococcus erythropolis bacterium is known for its remarkable resistance characteristics that can be useful in several biotechnological processes, such as bioremediation. However, there is scarce knowledge concerning the behavior of this strain against different metals. This study sought to investigate the behavior of R. erythropolis ATCC 4277 against the residue of chalcopyrite and e-waste to verify both resistive capacities to the metals present in these residues and their potential use for biomining processes. These tests were carried out in a stirred tank bioreactor for 48 h, at 24ºC, pH 7.0, using a total volume of 2.0 L containing 2.5% (v/v) of a bacterial pre-culture. The pulp density of chalcopyrite was 5% (w/w), and agitation and oxygen flow rates were set to 250 rpm and 1.5 LO2 min-1, respectively. On the other hand, we utilized a waste of computer printed circuit board (WPCB) with a pulp density of 10% (w/w), agitation at 400 rpm, and an oxygen flow rate of 3.0 LO2 min-1. Metal concentration analyses post-fermentation showed that R. erythropolis ATCC 4277 was able to leach about 38% of the Cu present in the chalcopyrite residue (in ~ 24 h), and 49.5% of Fe, 42.3% of Ni, 27.4% of Al, and 15% Cu present in WPCB (in ~ 24 h). In addition, the strain survived well in the environment containing such metals, demonstrating the potential of using this bacterium for waste biomining processes as well as in other processes with these metals.

红球菌(Rhodococcus erythropolis)以其显著的抗性特征而闻名,可用于生物修复等多种生物技术过程。然而,人们对该菌株对不同金属的抗性知之甚少。本研究试图调查红球菌(R. erythropolis ATCC 4277)对黄铜矿和电子垃圾残留物的抗性,以验证其对这些残留物中金属的抗性及其在生物采矿过程中的潜在用途。这些测试是在一个搅拌槽生物反应器中进行的,在 24ºC 和 pH 值为 7.0 的条件下进行了 48 小时,使用的总体积为 2.0 升,其中含有 2.5%(v/v)的细菌预培养物。黄铜矿的矿浆密度为 5%(重量比),搅拌和氧气流速分别设定为 250 rpm 和 1.5 LO2 min-1。另一方面,我们利用了计算机印刷电路板废料(WPCB),其纸浆密度为 10%(重量比),搅拌速度为 400 rpm,氧气流速为 3.0 LO2 min-1。发酵后的金属浓度分析表明,R. erythropolis ATCC 4277 能够浸出黄铜矿残渣中约 38% 的铜(约 24 小时),以及 WPCB 中 49.5% 的铁、42.3% 的镍、27.4% 的铝和 15% 的铜(约 24 小时)。此外,该菌株在含有这些金属的环境中存活良好,这表明该细菌有潜力用于废物生物采矿过程以及含有这些金属的其他过程。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of dilution rate and mixed carbon feed for continuous production of recombinant plant sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase in Komagataella phaffii. 在 Komagataella phaffii 中连续生产重组植物蔗糖:蔗糖 1-果糖基转移酶的稀释率和混合碳饲料的优化。
IF 3.5 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03045-w
Avijeet S Jaswal, Ravikrishnan Elangovan, Saroj Mishra

The trisaccharide 1-kestose, a major constituent of commercial fructooligosaccharide (FOS) formulations, shows a superior prebiotic effect compared to higher-chain FOS. The plant sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferases (1-SST) are extensively used for selective synthesis of lower chain FOS. In this study, enhanced recombinant (r) 1-SST production was achieved in Komagataella phaffii (formerly Pichia pastoris) containing three copies of a codon-optimized Festuca arundinacea 1-SST gene. R1-SST production reached 47 U/mL at the shake-flask level after a 96-h methanol induction phase. A chemostat-based strain characterization methodology was adopted to assess the influence of specific growth rate (µ) on cell-specific r1-SST productivity (Qp) and cell-specific oxygen uptake rate (Qo) under two different feeding strategies across dilution rates from 0.02 to 0.05 h-1. The methanol-sorbitol co-feeding strategy significantly reduced Qo by 46 ± 2.4% compared to methanol-only feeding without compromising r1-SST productivity. Based on the data, a dilution rate of 0.025 h-1 was applied for continuous cultivation of recombinant cells to achieve a sustained r1-SST productivity of 5000 ± 64.4 U/L/h for 15 days.

1-Kestose 三糖是商用果寡糖(FOS)配方的主要成分,与高链 FOS 相比,它具有更优越的益生效果。植物蔗糖:蔗糖 1-果糖基转移酶(1-SST)被广泛用于选择性合成低链 FOS。在这项研究中,在含有三个密码子优化的阿伦丁菊 1-SST 基因拷贝的 Komagataella phaffii(原 Pichia pastoris)中实现了重组 1-SST 的强化生产。经过 96 小时的甲醇诱导阶段,R1-SST 的产量在摇瓶水平上达到了 47 U/mL。采用基于恒温箱的菌株表征方法,评估了在 0.02 至 0.05 h-1 两种不同稀释率的喂养策略下,特定生长速率(µ)对细胞特异性 r1-SST 产率(Qp)和细胞特异性氧吸收率(Qo)的影响。在不影响 r1-SST 生产率的情况下,甲醇-山梨醇共喂策略比只喂甲醇的策略显著降低了 Qo(46 ± 2.4%)。根据这些数据,采用 0.025 h-1 的稀释率连续培养重组细胞,可使 r1-SST 生产率持续达到 5000 ± 64.4 U/L/h,持续 15 天。
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引用次数: 0
A novel cost-effective methodology for the screening of nanocellulose producing micro-organisms. 筛选纳米纤维素生产微生物的经济有效的新方法。
IF 3.5 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03049-6
Moniya Katyal, Rakshanda Singh, Ritu Mahajan, Anurekha Sharma, Ranjan Gupta, Neeraj K Aggarwal, Anita Yadav

In this paper, the work has been done to develop a cost-effective methodology, for the isolation of the potential producer of bacterial nanocellulose. No report is available in the literature, on the use of gram flour and table sugar for the screening of nanocellulose-producing isolates. Since commercially used, Hestrin-Schramm medium is expensive for the isolation of nanocellulose-producing micro-organisms, the possibility of using gram flour-table sugar medium was investigated in this work. Qualitative screening of micro-organisms was done using cost-effective medium, i.e., gram flour-table sugar medium. Qualitative analysis of various nanocellulose-producing bacteria depicted that cellulose layer production occurred on both HS medium and gram flour-table sugar medium. The yield of nanocellulose was also better on air-liquid surface in case of gram flour-table sugar medium as compared to HS medium. 16S rRNA was used for molecular characterization of bacterial strain and the best nanocellulose producer was identified as Novacetimonas hansenii BMK-3_NC240423 (isolated from rotten banana). FTIR and FE-SEM studies of nanocellulose pellicle produced on HS medium and gram flour-table sugar medium demonstrated equivalent structural, morphological, and chemical properties. The cost of newly designed medium (0.01967 $/L) is nearly 90 times lower than the Hestrin-Schramm medium (1.748 $/L), which makes the screening of nanocellulose producers very cost-effective. A strategy of using gram flour extract-table sugar medium for the screening of nanocellulose-producing micro-organisms is a novel approach, which will drastically reduce the screening associated cost of cellulose-producing micro-organisms and also motivate the researchers/industries for comprehensive screening programme for getting high cellulose-producing microbes.

本文旨在开发一种具有成本效益的方法,用于分离潜在的纳米纤维素细菌生产者。文献中没有关于使用克粉和食糖筛选纳米纤维素生产分离物的报道。由于市售的 Hestrin-Schramm 培养基价格昂贵,无法用于分离纳米纤维素生产微生物,因此本工作研究了使用克面粉-食糖培养基的可能性。使用经济有效的培养基,即克面粉-食糖培养基,对微生物进行了定性筛选。对各种纳米纤维素生产菌的定性分析表明,纤维素层的生产既发生在 HS 培养基上,也发生在克面粉-食糖培养基上。与 HS 培养基相比,克面粉-绵白糖培养基在空气-液体表面的纳米纤维素产量也更高。采用 16S rRNA 对细菌菌株进行分子鉴定,结果表明最好的纳米纤维素生产者是 Novacetimonas hansenii BMK-3_NC240423(从烂香蕉中分离出来)。傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和傅立叶变换扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)对在 HS 培养基和克粉-蔗糖培养基上产生的纳米纤维素胶粒进行了研究,结果表明其结构、形态和化学特性相当。新设计的培养基成本(0.01967 美元/升)比 Hestrin-Schramm 培养基(1.748 美元/升)低近 90 倍,使纳米纤维素生产者的筛选非常经济有效。使用克面粉提取物-表糖培养基来筛选纳米纤维素生产微生物的策略是一种新方法,它将大大降低纤维素生产微生物的筛选相关成本,同时也激励研究人员/工业界开展全面的筛选计划,以获得高纤维素生产微生物。
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Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering
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