Pub Date : 2014-03-23DOI: 10.4172/2329-9088.1000E115
M. Zaghloul
Since the mid-1980s, concern has grown that invasive group A Streptococci (GAS) has been increasing in incidence and severity. Invasive infections caused by group A Streptococcus or Streptococcus pyogenes include sepsis, arthritis, pneumonia, meningitis, necrotizing fasciitis (NF) and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). GAS also causes noninvasive suppurative disease as pharyngitis and otitis media, and nonsuppurative post streptococcal sequelae (acute rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis [1].
{"title":"Necrotizing Fasciitis (Flesh-Eating Disease)","authors":"M. Zaghloul","doi":"10.4172/2329-9088.1000E115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9088.1000E115","url":null,"abstract":"Since the mid-1980s, concern has grown that invasive group A Streptococci (GAS) has been increasing in incidence and severity. Invasive infections caused by group A Streptococcus or Streptococcus pyogenes include sepsis, arthritis, pneumonia, meningitis, necrotizing fasciitis (NF) and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). GAS also causes noninvasive suppurative disease as pharyngitis and otitis media, and nonsuppurative post streptococcal sequelae (acute rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis [1].","PeriodicalId":90756,"journal":{"name":"Tropical medicine & surgery","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70278809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-9088.1000166
Laura Krech, Christi Lane-Barlow, S. Lang, S. Phanouvong, W. Yuan, Heng Bunkiet, Eav Dararath, T. Sovannarith, Lukas Roth
Cambodia's Ministry of Health and the Department of Drugs and Food have been actively working to reduce the amount of poor quality medicines circulating in the pharmaceutical sector since fake mefloquine and artesunate were first found in 1998. From 2005-2012, legal private sector facilities and illegal outlets in twelve Cambodian provinces were targeted for routine surveillance of medicine quality through sample collection and testing of various anti-infective medicines, the majority of which were anti-malarials and anti-biotics. The Medicine Quality Monitoring program samples from the field were analyzed through a three level approach including field and advanced laboratory testing. 4,381 medicines were collected and tested from 2005-2012; 106 have failed quality testing resulting in an overall failure rate of 2.4%. 28 of the failed samples (26.4%) were counterfeit. The most commonly found counterfeit medicines were chloroquine, artesunate, mefloquine, ampicillin and penicillin. Cambodia has closed over 99% of illegal pharmacy outlets through the Inter-Ministerial Committee to Fight against Counterfeit & Substandard Medicines (IMC) by the end of November 2011. In the past, a lack of resources as well as coordination among the various ministries was identified as a major barrier in combating the presence of poor quality medicines. With financial support from USAID, PMI, and other donors, paired with the technical support from the U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention Promoting the Quality of Medicines program, the IMC developed an action plan to significantly reduce the number of substandard and counterfeit medicines. Based on the data shown, the plan has been successful in reducing the failure rates of samples collected in Cambodia from a high of 7.4% in 2006 to a low of 0.7% in 2011. Continued efforts to monitor and actively ensure the quality of medicines in Cambodia will be required to maintain these low rates; sustainability of these efforts is critical.
{"title":"Cambodian Ministry of Health Takes Decisive Actions in the Fight Against Substandard and Counterfeit Medicines","authors":"Laura Krech, Christi Lane-Barlow, S. Lang, S. Phanouvong, W. Yuan, Heng Bunkiet, Eav Dararath, T. Sovannarith, Lukas Roth","doi":"10.4172/2329-9088.1000166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9088.1000166","url":null,"abstract":"Cambodia's Ministry of Health and the Department of Drugs and Food have been actively working to reduce the amount of poor quality medicines circulating in the pharmaceutical sector since fake mefloquine and artesunate were first found in 1998. From 2005-2012, legal private sector facilities and illegal outlets in twelve Cambodian provinces were targeted for routine surveillance of medicine quality through sample collection and testing of various anti-infective medicines, the majority of which were anti-malarials and anti-biotics. The Medicine Quality Monitoring program samples from the field were analyzed through a three level approach including field and advanced laboratory testing. 4,381 medicines were collected and tested from 2005-2012; 106 have failed quality testing resulting in an overall failure rate of 2.4%. 28 of the failed samples (26.4%) were counterfeit. The most commonly found counterfeit medicines were chloroquine, artesunate, mefloquine, ampicillin and penicillin. Cambodia has closed over 99% of illegal pharmacy outlets through the Inter-Ministerial Committee to Fight against Counterfeit & Substandard Medicines (IMC) by the end of November 2011. In the past, a lack of resources as well as coordination among the various ministries was identified as a major barrier in combating the presence of poor quality medicines. With financial support from USAID, PMI, and other donors, paired with the technical support from the U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention Promoting the Quality of Medicines program, the IMC developed an action plan to significantly reduce the number of substandard and counterfeit medicines. Based on the data shown, the plan has been successful in reducing the failure rates of samples collected in Cambodia from a high of 7.4% in 2006 to a low of 0.7% in 2011. Continued efforts to monitor and actively ensure the quality of medicines in Cambodia will be required to maintain these low rates; sustainability of these efforts is critical.","PeriodicalId":90756,"journal":{"name":"Tropical medicine & surgery","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2329-9088.1000166","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70278057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-28DOI: 10.4172/2329-9088.1000E114
Soodeh Alidadi, A. Oryan
Volume 2 • Issue 2 • 1000e114 Trop Med Surg ISSN: 2329-9088 TPMS, an open access journal Despite zoonotic leishmaniasis is considered as a public health problem worldwide, it is one of the most neglected diseases [1,2]. This disease is identified by an annual incidence of about 2 million cases and a prevalence of 12 million cases globally [3]. Leishmaniasis is the third most important vector-borne disease after malaria and filariasis [4]. The disease is caused by the intracellular protozoa of the genus Leishmania, is common in tropical and subtropical regions of the world and transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies [5]. The numbers of the leishmaniasis cases are increasing throughout because of some factors such as the lack of vaccines, the increased parasites resistance to chemotherapy and inability to controlling vectors. Depending on the tropism, leishmaniasis can be divided into at least four forms namely cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), muco-cutaneous leishmaniosis (MCL) or mucosal leishmaniasis (ML), visceral leishmaniosis (VL) also known as kala-azar, and post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKAL) [6,7]. Approximately three-quarters of incidence cases of leishmaniasis are related to CL [6]. Leishmaniasis can vary from a self-limiting cutaneous disease to a fatal visceral disease depending on the effecting species [8]. CL is characterized by the presence of one or more ulcers which may heal spontaneously or persist for period of some months [4]. Rarely, CL may be transformed into ML at the advanced stages, if untreated [9]. In the Old World, CL is caused by primarily Leishmania major, and then L. tropica, L. infantum, and L. aethiopica [1,10,11], while in the New World, it is caused by L. Mexicana, L. braziliensis, and L. guyanensis species [6,12]. The parasite Leishmania exists in the extracellular promastigote form, inside the midgut of the vector and culture media, and in the intracellular amastigote form, in the mammalian host [2,13]. Diagnosis of the disease is made based on demonstration of the parasite by methods such as fine-needle biopsy of lymph nodes, bone marrow aspiration, splenic puncture, skin scraping cytology and culture [3,10]. Cytology including touch smear and needle aspiration is cheap and performed with high sensitivity for the typical cases, but it may be unable to detect the atypical cases of leishmaniasis [14,15]. The serology tests are limited because of the probable cross reaction of antibodies with some diseases like toxoplasmosis and trypanosomiasis [15]. Other methodologies such as immunohistochemistry (ICH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are preferably applied for supplementary diagnosis of the disease in particularly CL form [1,15-17]. Treatment of CL may be topical or systemic, on the basis of several factors such as Leishmania species, geographic regions and clinical manifestations [18]. For focal therapy, thermotherapy, cryotherapy, paromomycin ointment, local infiltration with antimonials may be promisin
{"title":"Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and the Strategies for Its Prevention and Control","authors":"Soodeh Alidadi, A. Oryan","doi":"10.4172/2329-9088.1000E114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9088.1000E114","url":null,"abstract":"Volume 2 • Issue 2 • 1000e114 Trop Med Surg ISSN: 2329-9088 TPMS, an open access journal Despite zoonotic leishmaniasis is considered as a public health problem worldwide, it is one of the most neglected diseases [1,2]. This disease is identified by an annual incidence of about 2 million cases and a prevalence of 12 million cases globally [3]. Leishmaniasis is the third most important vector-borne disease after malaria and filariasis [4]. The disease is caused by the intracellular protozoa of the genus Leishmania, is common in tropical and subtropical regions of the world and transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies [5]. The numbers of the leishmaniasis cases are increasing throughout because of some factors such as the lack of vaccines, the increased parasites resistance to chemotherapy and inability to controlling vectors. Depending on the tropism, leishmaniasis can be divided into at least four forms namely cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), muco-cutaneous leishmaniosis (MCL) or mucosal leishmaniasis (ML), visceral leishmaniosis (VL) also known as kala-azar, and post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKAL) [6,7]. Approximately three-quarters of incidence cases of leishmaniasis are related to CL [6]. Leishmaniasis can vary from a self-limiting cutaneous disease to a fatal visceral disease depending on the effecting species [8]. CL is characterized by the presence of one or more ulcers which may heal spontaneously or persist for period of some months [4]. Rarely, CL may be transformed into ML at the advanced stages, if untreated [9]. In the Old World, CL is caused by primarily Leishmania major, and then L. tropica, L. infantum, and L. aethiopica [1,10,11], while in the New World, it is caused by L. Mexicana, L. braziliensis, and L. guyanensis species [6,12]. The parasite Leishmania exists in the extracellular promastigote form, inside the midgut of the vector and culture media, and in the intracellular amastigote form, in the mammalian host [2,13]. Diagnosis of the disease is made based on demonstration of the parasite by methods such as fine-needle biopsy of lymph nodes, bone marrow aspiration, splenic puncture, skin scraping cytology and culture [3,10]. Cytology including touch smear and needle aspiration is cheap and performed with high sensitivity for the typical cases, but it may be unable to detect the atypical cases of leishmaniasis [14,15]. The serology tests are limited because of the probable cross reaction of antibodies with some diseases like toxoplasmosis and trypanosomiasis [15]. Other methodologies such as immunohistochemistry (ICH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are preferably applied for supplementary diagnosis of the disease in particularly CL form [1,15-17]. Treatment of CL may be topical or systemic, on the basis of several factors such as Leishmania species, geographic regions and clinical manifestations [18]. For focal therapy, thermotherapy, cryotherapy, paromomycin ointment, local infiltration with antimonials may be promisin","PeriodicalId":90756,"journal":{"name":"Tropical medicine & surgery","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70278743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-28DOI: 10.4172/2329-9088.1000E165
S. Das
Volume 2 • Issue 2 • 1000165 Trop Med Surg ISSN: 2329-9088 TPMS, an open access journal Most surgical infections in the tropical regions are associated with parasitic infestations. These infestations and associated complications needing surgical interventions are not so less common to be confined in the tropics only, but have the prevalence in different parts of the world. The following discussion enumerates only the different diagnostic techniques and surgical approaches in these diverse tropical infections that are commonly encountered.
{"title":"Commonly Employed Tropical Surgeries","authors":"S. Das","doi":"10.4172/2329-9088.1000E165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9088.1000E165","url":null,"abstract":"Volume 2 • Issue 2 • 1000165 Trop Med Surg ISSN: 2329-9088 TPMS, an open access journal Most surgical infections in the tropical regions are associated with parasitic infestations. These infestations and associated complications needing surgical interventions are not so less common to be confined in the tropics only, but have the prevalence in different parts of the world. The following discussion enumerates only the different diagnostic techniques and surgical approaches in these diverse tropical infections that are commonly encountered.","PeriodicalId":90756,"journal":{"name":"Tropical medicine & surgery","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2329-9088.1000E165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70279299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-28DOI: 10.4172/2329-9088.1000164
A. Hamzah, Saravana K. Ramasamy, A. Adnan, A. Khan
Background: The cubital fossa can be seen superficially as a depression on the anterior side of elbow. The arrangement of the superficial veins in the cubital fossa varies from race to race. Objective: The aim of the study was to observe and describe the variations in anatomical distribution of the superficial veins of the cubital fossa among three major ethnic groups in Malaysian population. Methodology: A cross sectional study was designed to examine the pattern of superficial veins of the cubital fossa among the randomly selected volunteers in Hospital Kuala Lumpur. A total of 300 volunteers including both staff and medical students belonging to three major ethnicities i.e. Malays, Chinese and Indians aged from 18 years or above were selected for cited purpose. Consent was taken and duplex ultrasound was performed using a single ultrasound machine from Philips manufacturer. The venous pattern of the cubital fossa from the right and left cubital force in each subject was drawn on a separate observational sheet. Based on gender and ethnicity the categorization of venous patterns in the cubital region among the volunteers was done. Results: Six patterns of superficial veins of right and left cubital fossa were observed and the commonest pattern in both genders was median cubital vein joined from cephalic to basilica vein. Using Pearson Chi-Square test, it is shown there was no statistical significance difference between patterns of superficial veins on the right and left cubital fossa with gender since p value was 0.498 and 0.999 respectively. However, a pattern of superficial veins on the right and left do have a relationship with ethnicity since its p values were 0.040 and 0.008 respectively. Conclusion: There were significant associations between the pattern of superficial veins on the right and left
{"title":"Pattern of Superficial Venous of the Cubital Fossa among Volunteers in a Tertiary Hospital","authors":"A. Hamzah, Saravana K. Ramasamy, A. Adnan, A. Khan","doi":"10.4172/2329-9088.1000164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9088.1000164","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The cubital fossa can be seen superficially as a depression on the anterior side of elbow. The arrangement of the superficial veins in the cubital fossa varies from race to race. Objective: The aim of the study was to observe and describe the variations in anatomical distribution of the superficial veins of the cubital fossa among three major ethnic groups in Malaysian population. Methodology: A cross sectional study was designed to examine the pattern of superficial veins of the cubital fossa among the randomly selected volunteers in Hospital Kuala Lumpur. A total of 300 volunteers including both staff and medical students belonging to three major ethnicities i.e. Malays, Chinese and Indians aged from 18 years or above were selected for cited purpose. Consent was taken and duplex ultrasound was performed using a single ultrasound machine from Philips manufacturer. The venous pattern of the cubital fossa from the right and left cubital force in each subject was drawn on a separate observational sheet. Based on gender and ethnicity the categorization of venous patterns in the cubital region among the volunteers was done. Results: Six patterns of superficial veins of right and left cubital fossa were observed and the commonest pattern in both genders was median cubital vein joined from cephalic to basilica vein. Using Pearson Chi-Square test, it is shown there was no statistical significance difference between patterns of superficial veins on the right and left cubital fossa with gender since p value was 0.498 and 0.999 respectively. However, a pattern of superficial veins on the right and left do have a relationship with ethnicity since its p values were 0.040 and 0.008 respectively. Conclusion: There were significant associations between the pattern of superficial veins on the right and left","PeriodicalId":90756,"journal":{"name":"Tropical medicine & surgery","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2329-9088.1000164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70278023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-28DOI: 10.4172/2329-9088.1000163
Peter A Ongom
Volume 2 • Issue 2 • 1000163 Trop Med Surg ISSN: 2329-9088 TPMS, an open access journal Great effort and commitment is necessary to keep astride with modern medical practice, given its extensiveness and dynamism. In line with this, it often gets bothersome to find suitable fora for discussion. The Journal of Tropical Medicine and Surgery gives us an excellent forum from which we can share experiences, challenges, achievements, and have healthy discussions. This is largely attributed to its broad, yet “well-tailored”, scope. “Tropical Medicine”, as a discipline, refers to the wide-ranging clinical research, and educational input by chief actors in this field, namely physicians, clinicians, scientists, and surgeons. Typically, it deals solely with diseases occurring in tropical and subtropical regions (Figure 1). This Journal emphasizes the clinical attributes, diagnosis, and treatment of Tropical diseases, in both therapeutic and surgical contexts.
{"title":"Re-orienting the Global Health Discussion","authors":"Peter A Ongom","doi":"10.4172/2329-9088.1000163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9088.1000163","url":null,"abstract":"Volume 2 • Issue 2 • 1000163 Trop Med Surg ISSN: 2329-9088 TPMS, an open access journal Great effort and commitment is necessary to keep astride with modern medical practice, given its extensiveness and dynamism. In line with this, it often gets bothersome to find suitable fora for discussion. The Journal of Tropical Medicine and Surgery gives us an excellent forum from which we can share experiences, challenges, achievements, and have healthy discussions. This is largely attributed to its broad, yet “well-tailored”, scope. “Tropical Medicine”, as a discipline, refers to the wide-ranging clinical research, and educational input by chief actors in this field, namely physicians, clinicians, scientists, and surgeons. Typically, it deals solely with diseases occurring in tropical and subtropical regions (Figure 1). This Journal emphasizes the clinical attributes, diagnosis, and treatment of Tropical diseases, in both therapeutic and surgical contexts.","PeriodicalId":90756,"journal":{"name":"Tropical medicine & surgery","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70278015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-23DOI: 10.4172/2329-9088.1000E113
P. Wilairatana, N. Tangpukdee, S. Krudsood
{"title":"Optimal Dose and Timing of Primaquine Administration for Falciparum Malaria Transmission Blockade","authors":"P. Wilairatana, N. Tangpukdee, S. Krudsood","doi":"10.4172/2329-9088.1000E113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9088.1000E113","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90756,"journal":{"name":"Tropical medicine & surgery","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2329-9088.1000E113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70278735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-9088.1000177
John S Schieffelin, Tan Xu, Wenjie Sun
{"title":"Does screening keep Ebola out of USA?","authors":"John S Schieffelin, Tan Xu, Wenjie Sun","doi":"10.4172/2329-9088.1000177","DOIUrl":"10.4172/2329-9088.1000177","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90756,"journal":{"name":"Tropical medicine & surgery","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4325372/pdf/nihms-646857.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33383566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-25DOI: 10.4172/2329-9088.1000157
Sadykov Rasul Rustamovich
This study reports the role of photodynamic therapy in the management of vascular anomalies. A 3-year (2009-2012) retrospective study on the challenges and outcome of two hundred forty five patients with vascular anomalies referred for surgical management was undertaken at the Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan. After multidisciplinary discussion, all patients underwent photodynamic therapy under general anesthesia, with 5-ALA as the photosensitising agent. In a time of treatment by eighty five out of one hundred and eight patients, who presented with long-term pain, reported improvement after treatment. Also, 43/46 reported significant reduction of bleeding related to their vascular anomaly. Improvement of swelling was reported by 189/199 patients; while reduction of infection episodes was evident in 61/63 patients and 176/205 reported reduction in the disfigurement caused by their pathology. Clinical assessment showed that more than half of the patients had 'good response' to the treatment. Significant clinical response was reported by 148 (60, 4%) patients, moderate result by 70 (28, 6%). Radiological and ultrasound assessment comparing imaging 6-week post-laser and PDT to the baseline showed moderate response in 78 (31, 8%) patients and significant response in 122 (49, 8%) patients.
{"title":"Results of the Treatment Vascular Anomalies with the 5 ALA Induced Photodynamic Therapy","authors":"Sadykov Rasul Rustamovich","doi":"10.4172/2329-9088.1000157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9088.1000157","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports the role of photodynamic therapy in the management of vascular anomalies. A 3-year \u0000(2009-2012) retrospective study on the challenges and outcome of two hundred forty five patients with vascular \u0000anomalies referred for surgical management was undertaken at the Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan. After \u0000multidisciplinary discussion, all patients underwent photodynamic therapy under general anesthesia, with 5-ALA as \u0000the photosensitising agent. In a time of treatment by eighty five out of one hundred and eight patients, who presented \u0000with long-term pain, reported improvement after treatment. Also, 43/46 reported significant reduction of bleeding \u0000related to their vascular anomaly. Improvement of swelling was reported by 189/199 patients; while reduction of \u0000infection episodes was evident in 61/63 patients and 176/205 reported reduction in the disfigurement caused by their \u0000pathology. Clinical assessment showed that more than half of the patients had 'good response' to the treatment. \u0000Significant clinical response was reported by 148 (60, 4%) patients, moderate result by 70 (28, 6%). Radiological and \u0000ultrasound assessment comparing imaging 6-week post-laser and PDT to the baseline showed moderate response \u0000in 78 (31, 8%) patients and significant response in 122 (49, 8%) patients.","PeriodicalId":90756,"journal":{"name":"Tropical medicine & surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70277731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-23DOI: 10.4172/2329-9088.1000E111
P. Wilairatana, N. Tangpukdee, S. Krudsood
Volume 1 • Issue 7 • 1000e111 Trop Med Surg ISSN: 2329-9088 TPMS, an open access journal Shizonts of P. falciparum malaria have knobs that can cytoadhere to vascular endothelium. The other human malaria species have no cytoadherance. In patients with severe falciparum malaria, parasitized red blood cells sequestering in microvasculature cause vital organ hypoxia and dysfunction. In microcirculation, rupturing shizonts release up to 32 merozoites causing an exponential rise in parasitemia [1,2]. A high shizont count is likely to precede a rise in parasitemia and may be an early marker of severe malaria diseases. Cut-off for hyperparasitemia of WHO Malaria Treatment Guidelines trended to decline since 2006 (2006 Guidelines: ≥ 5% parasitemia in low-transmission areas and ≥ 10% in a high transmission areas vs 2010 Guidelines: >2% in low-transmission areas and >5% in a high transmission areas) [3,4]. Tangpukdee et al. [4] showed cut-off of parasitemia ≥ 0.5% was associated with severe malaria in Thailand where was a low transmission area [5].
{"title":"Patients with P. Falciparum Shizontemia Need Close Monitoring","authors":"P. Wilairatana, N. Tangpukdee, S. Krudsood","doi":"10.4172/2329-9088.1000E111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9088.1000E111","url":null,"abstract":"Volume 1 • Issue 7 • 1000e111 Trop Med Surg ISSN: 2329-9088 TPMS, an open access journal Shizonts of P. falciparum malaria have knobs that can cytoadhere to vascular endothelium. The other human malaria species have no cytoadherance. In patients with severe falciparum malaria, parasitized red blood cells sequestering in microvasculature cause vital organ hypoxia and dysfunction. In microcirculation, rupturing shizonts release up to 32 merozoites causing an exponential rise in parasitemia [1,2]. A high shizont count is likely to precede a rise in parasitemia and may be an early marker of severe malaria diseases. Cut-off for hyperparasitemia of WHO Malaria Treatment Guidelines trended to decline since 2006 (2006 Guidelines: ≥ 5% parasitemia in low-transmission areas and ≥ 10% in a high transmission areas vs 2010 Guidelines: >2% in low-transmission areas and >5% in a high transmission areas) [3,4]. Tangpukdee et al. [4] showed cut-off of parasitemia ≥ 0.5% was associated with severe malaria in Thailand where was a low transmission area [5].","PeriodicalId":90756,"journal":{"name":"Tropical medicine & surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70278700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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