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Accelerating Brain MR Imaging With Multisequence and Convolutional Neural Networks 利用多序列和卷积神经网络加速脑磁共振成像
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70163
Zhanhao Mo, He Sui, Zhongwen Lv, Xiaoqian Huang, Guobin Li, Dinggang Shen, Lin Liu, Shu Liao

Purpose

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) refers to one of the critical image modalities for diagnosis, whereas its long acquisition time limits its application. In this study, the aim was to investigate whether deep learning–based techniques are capable of using the common information in different MRI sequences to reduce the scan time of the most time-consuming sequences while maintaining the image quality.

Method

Fully sampled T1-FLAIR, T2-FLAIR, and T2WI brain MRI raw data originated from 217 patients and 105 healthy subjects. The T1-FLAIR and T2-FLAIR sequences were subsampled using Cartesian masks based on four different acceleration factors. The fully sampled T1/T2-FLAIR images were predicted from undersampled T1/T2-FLAIR images and T2WI images through deep learning–based reconstruction. They were qualitatively assessed by two senior radiologists in accordance with the diagnosis decision and a four-point scale image quality score. Furthermore, the images were quantitatively assessed based on regional signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs). The chi-square test was performed, where p < 0.05 indicated a difference with statistical significance.

Results

The diagnosis decisions from two senior radiologists remained unchanged in accordance with the accelerated and fully sampled images. There were no significant differences in the regional SNRs and CNRs of most assessed regions (p > 0.05) between the accelerated and fully sampled images. Moreover, no significant difference was identified in the image quality assessed by two senior radiologists (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

Deep learning–based image reconstruction is capable of significantly expediting the brain MR imaging process and producing acceptable image quality without affecting diagnosis decisions.

目的:磁共振成像(MRI)是诊断的重要图像模式之一,但其较长的采集时间限制了其应用。本研究旨在探讨基于深度学习的技术是否能够利用不同核磁共振成像序列中的共同信息,在保持图像质量的同时缩短最耗时序列的扫描时间:完全采样的T1-FLAIR、T2-FLAIR和T2WI脑磁共振成像原始数据来自217名患者和105名健康受试者。T1-FLAIR 和 T2-FLAIR 序列使用基于四种不同加速因子的笛卡尔掩膜进行子采样。通过基于深度学习的重建,从采样不足的 T1/T2-FLAIR 图像和 T2WI 图像预测出完全采样的 T1/T2-FLAIR 图像。两名资深放射科医生根据诊断决定和图像质量四分法对图像进行了定性评估。此外,还根据区域信噪比(SNR)和对比信噪比(CNR)对图像进行了定量评估。进行卡方检验,得出 p 结果:两位资深放射科医生的诊断结果与加速图像和完全采样图像保持一致。加速图像和完全采样图像在大多数评估区域的信噪比和比对信噪比方面没有明显差异(p > 0.05)。此外,由两名资深放射科医生评估的图像质量也无明显差异(P > 0.05):基于深度学习的图像重建能够显著加快脑部磁共振成像过程,并在不影响诊断决定的情况下生成可接受的图像质量。
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引用次数: 0
Acceptability and Feasibility of Using Hair Samples for Chronic Stress Measurement Among Transgender Women in Brazil 在巴西变性妇女中使用头发样本测量慢性压力的可接受性和可行性。
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70156
Sophia Zamudio-Haas, Paula Galdino Cardin de Carvalho, Alexander Marr, A. Rain Mocelle, Antonio Moscatelli, Katia Cristina Bassichetto, Gustavo Santa Roza Saggese, Patric V. Prado, Roy Gerona, Sheri A. Lippman, Maria Amélia Veras, Jae M. Sevelius
<div> <section> <h3> Introduction</h3> <p>The ability to objectively measure chronic stress has important implications for research, prevention, and treatment. Cortisol is currently the most used biological marker in the investigation of stress and can be measured via blood, saliva, and urine; however, these methods have disadvantages. The measurement of cortisol in hair is a more recently developed method that quantifies the cumulative production of cortisol over longer periods of time. Given the potential benefits of hair as a chronic stress biometric, research with this novel method is burgeoning, yet rarely involves transgender (“trans”) populations, despite high levels of reported stress among trans people due to experiences of stigma and discrimination. Since hair is a key part of gender presentation, trans people might be less likely than cisgender people to donate hair for research. To explore the feasibility and acceptability of hair collection for use as a stress biometric with trans women, we nested a study into an ongoing clinical trial in São Paulo, Brazil, “<i>Manas por Manas</i>” (Sisters for Sisters). Here, we describe the hair biometric substudy protocol, as well as the feasibility and acceptability of collecting hair in the study cohort.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We randomly selected a subsample (<i>n</i> = 180) from the <i>Manas por Manas</i> cohort (<i>n</i> = 392), all of whom are trans women, age 18 or older. We messaged participants via phone, WhatsApp, or social media for at least three attempted contacts. Study visits included four components: (1) video introduction, including a demonstration of hair sampling; (2) informed consent; (3) a brief survey with the validated Short Stress Overload Scale (translated to Portuguese) and questions on hair care that could moderate stress hormone results; and (4) hair sample collection. Hair samples were collected and stored using validated protocols. Participants were reimbursed for travel costs.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Between April and December 2022, we messaged with 143 individuals out of the 180 sampled (79%) and invited them to participate in the study. Of those invited to participate, we scheduled study visits with 102 people (71.3% of those invited to participate), of whom 100 attended their study visits and completed all activities. Two people did not attend their study visits and stopped communication. Of those who were invited to participate and declined a study visit, four individuals declined due to the hair sample collection procedures (2.8% of those invited to participate). Other reasons for declining to participate included havin
介绍:客观测量慢性压力的能力对研究、预防和治疗具有重要意义。皮质醇是目前研究压力最常用的生物标志物,可通过血液、唾液和尿液进行测量;但这些方法都有缺点。测量头发中的皮质醇是一种最新开发的方法,可量化较长时间内皮质醇的累积产生量。考虑到头发作为慢性压力生物计量的潜在益处,这种新方法的研究正在蓬勃发展,但却很少涉及变性人("跨性别")群体,尽管变性人因遭受羞辱和歧视而报告的压力水平很高。由于头发是性别展示的关键部分,变性人可能比顺性人更不愿意捐献头发用于研究。为了探索收集头发作为变性女性压力生物测定的可行性和可接受性,我们将一项研究嵌套到巴西圣保罗正在进行的临床试验 "Manas por Manas"(姐妹互助)中。在此,我们将介绍毛发生物统计学子研究方案,以及在研究队列中收集毛发的可行性和可接受性:我们从 Manas por Manas 群体(n = 392)中随机抽取了一个子样本(n = 180),她们都是 18 岁或以上的变性女性。我们通过电话、WhatsApp 或社交媒体向参与者发送信息,尝试至少三次联系。研究访问包括四个部分:(1) 视频介绍,包括头发取样演示;(2) 知情同意;(3) 简短调查,包括经过验证的 "短期压力超负荷量表"(翻译成葡萄牙语)以及可能会影响压力荷尔蒙结果的头发护理问题;(4) 头发样本采集。头发样本的采集和储存均采用经过验证的方案。参与者可报销差旅费:2022 年 4 月至 12 月期间,我们与 180 名抽样者中的 143 人(占 79%)发了信息,邀请他们参与研究。在受邀者中,我们安排了对 102 人(占受邀者的 71.3%)的考察访问,其中 100 人参加了考察访问并完成了所有活动。有两人没有参加研究访问,并停止了交流。在应邀参加但拒绝接受研究访问的人员中,有 4 人(占应邀参加人员的 2.8%)因头发样本采集程序而拒绝接受研究访问。其他拒绝参与的原因包括搬家(7 人)、没有时间(11 人)、对参与研究不感兴趣(8 人)或不知道/停止回复信息(11 人)。大多数参与者表示,他们曾对头发进行漂白、染发或拉直等化学处理,这可能会影响实验室检测结果:我们发现头发取样用于压力测量是可行的,参与者也可以接受。我们成功地完成了所需样本量的所有研究活动,大多数被招募者都自愿参加。拒绝参与研究的原因反映了参与研究的一般障碍,只有四人因头发样本采集程序而拒绝参与。
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引用次数: 0
Neurofilament Light Chain Is Associated With Acute Mountain Sickness 神经丝蛋白轻链与急性晕山症有关
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70165
Klaus Berek, Anna Lindner, Franziska Di Pauli, Gabriel Bsteh, Benedikt Treml, Markus Ponleitner, Clemens Engler, Axel Kleinsasser, Thomas Berger, Maria Wille, Martin Burtscher, Florian Deisenhammer, Harald Hegen

Background

Neurological symptoms are common in acute mountain sickness (AMS); however, the extent of neuroaxonal damage remains unclear. Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is an established blood biomarker for neuroaxonal damage.

Objective

To investigate whether plasma (p) NfL levels increase after simulated altitude exposure, correlate with the occurrence of AMS, and might be mitigated by preacclimatization.

Methods

Healthy subjects were exposed to simulated high altitude (4500 m) by the use of a normobaric hypoxic chamber at the University of Innsbruck two times, that is, within Cycle 1 (C1) over 12 h, and within Cycle 2 (C2) for another 12 h but with a random assignment to prior acclimatization or sham acclimatization. Before each cycle (measurement [M] 1 and 3) and after each cycle (M2 and M4), clinical data (arterial oxygen saturation [SaO2], heart rate, and Lake Louise AMS score [LLS]) and plasma samples were collected. pNfL was measured using single-molecule array (Simoa) technique.

Results

pNfL levels did not significantly change within each study cycle, but increased over the total study period (M1: 4.57 [3.34–6.39], M2: 4.58 [3.74–6.0], M3: 5.64, and M4: 6.53 [4.65–7.92] pg/mL, p < 0.001). Subjects suffering from AMS during the study procedures showed higher pNfL levels at M4 (6.80 [6.19–8.13] vs. 5.75 [4.17–7.35], p = 0.048), a higher total pNfL increase (2.88 [1.21–3.48] vs. 0.91 [0.53–1.48], p = 0.022) compared to subjects without AMS. An effect of preacclimatization on pNfL levels could not be observed.

Conclusions

pNfL increases alongside exposure to simulated altitude and is associated with AMS.

背景:神经系统症状在急性高山反应(AMS)中很常见,但神经轴受损的程度仍不清楚。神经丝蛋白轻链(NfL)是神经轴受损的既定血液生物标志物:方法:在因斯布鲁克大学(University of Innsbruck)使用常压缺氧舱将健康受试者暴露于模拟高海拔地区(4500 米)两次,即在第一周期(C1)中暴露 12 小时,在第二周期(C2)中再暴露 12 小时,但随机分配预先适应或假适应。在每个周期(测量[M] 1 和 3)之前和之后(M2 和 M4),收集临床数据(动脉血氧饱和度[SaO2]、心率和路易斯湖 AMS 评分[LLS])和血浆样本。结果:pNfL 水平在每个研究周期内没有显著变化,但在整个研究期间有所上升(M1:4.57 [3.34-6.39];M2:4.58 [3.74-6.0];M3:5.64;M4:5.64):结论:pNfL 随暴露于模拟海拔高度而增加,并与 AMS 相关。
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引用次数: 0
Behavioral Analyses in Dark Agouti Rats Following Repeated Systemic Treatment With Fingolimod (FTY720) Fingolimod (FTY720)反复全身治疗后黑暗阿古提大鼠的行为分析。
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70146
Marie Jakobs, Lisa Trautmann, Martin Hadamitzky, Julia Bihorac, Lucie Jacquet, Uwe Christians, Björn Schniedewind, Laura Lückemann, Manfred Schedlowski

Background

Studies in experimental animals revealed that acute and chronic treatment with small-molecule immunosuppressive drugs lead to neurobehavioral alterations in rodents.

Methods

Against this background, this study investigated behavioral alterations in rats after repeated administration of FTY720, an immunosuppressive drug used for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, employing the open field, elevated plus maze, and dark/light tests.

Results

Compared to controls, repeated FTY720 treatment affected behavior in rats, reflected by a reduction in distance traveled as well as increased time engaged in freezing in the open field and elevated plus maze. Furthermore, the time spent freezing in the elevated plus maze test positively correlated with FTY720 concentrations in the amygdala and insular cortex, two brain regions involved in regulation of emotionality. Since no changes in plasma corticosterone levels were observed, stress effects due to treatment, behavioral testing, or handling can be ruled out.

Conclusion

The present findings indicate that treatment with FTY720 did not induce typical anxiety-like behavioral patterns in otherwise healthy rats as seen following treatment with other immunosuppressive drugs. Nevertheless, it remains of great importance to evaluate behavioral effects in clinical practice to shed more light onto possible detrimental side effects emerging during treatment with small-molecule immunosuppressive drugs.

背景:对实验动物的研究表明,小分子免疫抑制剂的急性和慢性治疗会导致啮齿动物神经行为的改变:在此背景下,本研究采用开阔地、高架加迷宫和暗/光测试等方法,研究了大鼠在重复服用用于治疗多发性硬化症的免疫抑制剂 FTY720 后的行为改变:结果:与对照组相比,重复服用FTY720会影响大鼠的行为,表现为大鼠在空地和高架迷宫中的行走距离缩短、凝滞时间增加。此外,大鼠在高架迷宫测试中的凝滞时间与杏仁核和岛叶皮质中的 FTY720 浓度呈正相关,而杏仁核和岛叶皮质是两个参与情绪调节的脑区。由于没有观察到血浆皮质酮水平的变化,因此可以排除治疗、行为测试或处理导致的应激效应:本研究结果表明,在使用其他免疫抑制剂治疗后,FTY720 不会诱发健康大鼠出现典型的焦虑行为模式。尽管如此,在临床实践中评估行为学效应仍具有重要意义,因为它能更清楚地揭示小分子免疫抑制剂治疗过程中可能出现的有害副作用。
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引用次数: 0
Diabetes Mellitus and Risk of Future Stroke: Evidence From CHARLS and Mendelian Randomization Analyses 糖尿病与未来中风风险:CHARLS和孟德尔随机分析的证据。
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70151
Zetai Bai, Zheyi Wang, Mei Li, Deyuan Kong, Guanzhao Wu

Objectives: This study leveraged the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to explore the association between diabetes and stroke in middle-aged and older adults in East Asia and assess the causality of this relationship using Mendelian randomization.

Methods: Data from the 2011–2020 CHARLS cohort identified individuals with diabetes at baseline. Stroke incidence was self-reported through standardized questionnaires. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analysis examined the relationship between diabetes and stroke risk alongside nonlinear correlations between glucose levels and stroke. Mendelian randomization clarified the causal link and analyzed the mediating effect between diabetes and stroke using genetic methods.

Results: In the study population aged 45 and above, stroke incidence was 5.99% in normoglycemic, 6.82% in prediabetic, and 9.93% in diabetic individuals. Over 7 years, 473 strokes occurred. Diabetes was associated with a 1.35-fold increased stroke risk compared to normoglycemia (OR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.03–1.79). Subgroup analyses highlighted higher stroke risks in middle-aged women, nonsmokers, and nondrinkers. Mendelian randomization supports a genetic causal relationship between diabetes and stroke. Diabetes may indirectly lead to stroke through the mediating effects of hypertension and high cholesterol.

Conclusion: The findings confirm a significant association and causal link between diabetes and stroke risk in an East Asian population. In addition, the results indicate that controlling blood glucose in prediabetic individuals reduces stroke risk, with no similar benefits in diabetes.

研究目的本研究利用中国健康与退休纵向研究(CHARLS)探讨东亚中老年人糖尿病与中风之间的关系,并利用孟德尔随机法评估这种关系的因果关系:2011-2020年CHARLS队列数据确定了基线糖尿病患者。中风发病率通过标准化问卷进行自我报告。逻辑回归和限制性三次样条分析检验了糖尿病与中风风险之间的关系,以及血糖水平与中风之间的非线性相关性。孟德尔随机法明确了因果关系,并利用遗传学方法分析了糖尿病与中风之间的中介效应:在 45 岁及以上的研究人群中,血糖正常者的中风发病率为 5.99%,糖尿病前期为 6.82%,糖尿病患者为 9.93%。7 年间共发生 473 例中风。与正常血糖相比,糖尿病导致中风风险增加 1.35 倍(OR = 1.35;95% CI:1.03-1.79)。分组分析显示,中年女性、不吸烟者和不饮酒者的中风风险更高。孟德尔随机分析支持糖尿病与中风之间的遗传因果关系。糖尿病可能通过高血压和高胆固醇的中介效应间接导致中风:研究结果证实,在东亚人群中,糖尿病与中风风险之间存在明显的关联和因果关系。此外,研究结果表明,控制糖尿病前期患者的血糖可降低中风风险,而糖尿病患者则无类似益处。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Carotid Stenosis in a High-Stroke-Risk Population by Hemodynamic Dual-Parameters Based on Ultrasound Vector Flow Imaging 基于超声矢量血流成像的血液动力学双参数评估中风高危人群的颈动脉狭窄情况
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70150
Shaofu Hong, Yinghui Dong, Wenjing Gao, Di Song, Mengmeng Liu, Weiyue Li, Yigang Du, Jinfeng Xu, Fajin Dong

Objective

This study explored the feasibility of using high-frame-rate ultrasound vector flow imaging (VFI) to quantitatively assess hemodynamics in atherosclerotic internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS) by evaluating dual-parameters, turbulence index (Tur), and wall shear stress (WSS). Their efficacy in evaluating carotid artery stenosis was also analyzed.

Methods

Fifty-nine patients with ICAS were enrolled. B-mode ultrasound and V Flow (a high-frame-rate VFI) were performed using the Resona R9 system. The stenosis rate was measured in grayscale mode, whereas the time-averaged Tur index, the time-averaged WSS (WSSmean), and maximum WSS (WSSmax) around stenosis were measured. The combined diagnostic efficacy of Tur inand WSS was also investigated.

Results

Compared to proximal to stenosis (Tur index, 2.88% ± 3.65%), highly disordered blood flow was observed in the stenotic (23.17% ± 15.52%, p < 0.001) and distal segment (25.86% ± 17.29%, p < 0.001). WSSmax ([11.91 ± 6.73] vs. [4.43 ± 5.4] Pa, p < 0.001) and WSSmean ([3.42 ± 2.67] vs. [0.86 ± 1.21] Pa, p < 0.001) were significantly bigger in stenotic than those in the distal segment. The differences in the ratio WSSmax/Tur or WSSmean/Tur among different segments around stenosis were statistically significant (p < 0.001). The combination of Tur index and WSS had the best diagnostic performance in ICAS (AUC, 0.899).

Conclusion

The application of Tur index and WSS for quantitative assessment of ICAS hemodynamic changes is feasible, with the combined evaluation of these two parameters providing incremental diagnostic value for carotid artery stenosis. VFI-based dual quantitative parameters may offer promising noninvasive diagnostic tools for carotid artery stenosis in high-stroke-risk populations.

研究目的本研究通过评估湍流指数(Tur)和壁剪切应力(WSS)这两个参数,探讨了使用高帧率超声矢量流成像(VFI)定量评估动脉粥样硬化性颈内动脉狭窄(ICAS)血流动力学的可行性。还分析了它们在评估颈动脉狭窄方面的功效:方法:59 名 ICAS 患者入选。使用 Resona R9 系统进行 B 型超声和 V Flow(一种高帧率 VFI)检查。以灰度模式测量狭窄率,同时测量时间平均 Tur 指数、时间平均 WSS (WSSmean) 和狭窄周围最大 WSS (WSSmax)。此外,还研究了 Tur in 和 WSS 的综合诊断效果:结果:与狭窄近端相比(Tur 指数,2.88% ± 3.65%),狭窄处血流高度紊乱(23.17% ± 15.52%,p 最大值([11.91 ± 6.73] vs. [4.43 ± 5.4] Pa,p 平均值([3.42 ± 2.67] vs. [0.86 ± 1.21] Pa,p 最大值/Tur 或 WSSmean/Tur)在狭窄周围不同节段之间均有统计学意义(p 结论:Tur 指数和 WSSmean 的应用对血管狭窄的诊断具有重要意义:应用 Tur 指数和 WSS 对 ICAS 血流动力学变化进行定量评估是可行的,这两个参数的联合评估为颈动脉狭窄提供了更高的诊断价值。基于 VFI 的双重定量参数可为高卒中风险人群的颈动脉狭窄提供有前景的无创诊断工具。
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引用次数: 0
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Influence on Patients With Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1: Lessons Learned COVID-19 大流行及其对 1 型肌营养不良症患者的影响:经验教训。
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70162
Vera E. A. Kleinveld, Johanna E. Bruijnes, Samuel Labrecque, Danielle E. G. Jeurissen-Bekkering, Catharina G. Faber, Corinne G. C. Horlings

Introduction: Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) patients might represent a high-risk population for severe COVID-19 disease, as cardiopulmonary symptoms are part of the clinical spectrum of DM1. The COVID-19 pandemic may have impacted DM1 patients. We aimed to determine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on DM1 patients to guide management strategies in possible future pandemics.

Methods: Data on the presence of a COVID-19 infection were retrieved from 195 DM1 patients in the MYODRAFT database. Between August 12 and October 4, 2021, 82 patients and proxies filled out a questionnaire on COVID-19 symptoms, well-being, and organization of care. Data were compared to prepandemic data.

Results: A total of 18 patients had COVID-19 (13 confirmed, 5 probable infections). The prevalence of COVID-19 in our cohort was 9.2%, which was lower than in the Dutch population (11.5%). Four patients (22.2%) were hospitalized due to a COVID-19 infection, which was higher than in the Dutch population (3.6%). Two infected patients died. A high rate of canceled appointments was reported. Patients reported no change in physical functioning during the pandemic, whereas proxies reported a deterioration in mental and physical well-being of patients.

Conclusions: The prevalence of COVID-19 infections was not higher in DM1 patients than in the general population, but DM1 patients are more susceptible to complicated disease when infected. Longitudinal data on patient-reported physical functioning suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic and the pandemic management strategies implemented did not influence the course of disease in DM1 patients, and similar strategies can be re-used in comparable situations.

简介1型肌营养不良症(DM1)患者可能是严重COVID-19疾病的高危人群,因为心肺症状是DM1临床症状的一部分。COVID-19 大流行可能对 DM1 患者产生了影响。我们旨在确定COVID-19大流行对DM1患者的影响,以指导未来可能发生的大流行的管理策略:方法:我们从 MYODRAFT 数据库中的 195 名 DM1 患者中检索了有关 COVID-19 感染的数据。2021 年 8 月 12 日至 10 月 4 日期间,82 名患者和代理人填写了一份关于 COVID-19 症状、健康状况和护理组织的问卷。数据与疫前数据进行了比较:结果:共有 18 名患者感染了 COVID-19(13 人确诊,5 人可能感染)。我们队列中的 COVID-19 感染率为 9.2%,低于荷兰人口的感染率(11.5%)。四名患者(22.2%)因感染 COVID-19 而住院,高于荷兰人口(3.6%)。两名感染者死亡。据报告,取消预约的比例很高。患者报告说,在大流行期间,他们的身体机能没有变化,而代理人报告说,患者的精神和身体状况有所恶化:结论:COVID-19感染在DM1患者中的流行率并不比普通人群高,但DM1患者在感染后更容易并发疾病。关于患者报告的身体功能的纵向数据表明,COVID-19大流行和所实施的大流行管理策略并未影响DM1患者的病程,类似的策略可在类似情况下再次使用。
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引用次数: 0
Fructus Arctii Mitigates Depressive Disorder via the Let-7e-Modulated Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) Signaling Pathway 牛蒡通过Let-7e调节的Toll-Like受体(TLR)信号通路缓解抑郁障碍
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70132
Weifang Zhang, Qin Zhou

Background

Depressive disorder is a common and serious public health challenge globally. Fructus arctii is a traditional medicinal plant ingredient with diverse pharmacological effects. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of Fructus arctii in alleviating depressive-like behaviors.

Materials and Methods

We established a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression mouse model to assess the antidepressant effects of Fructus arctii. BV2 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used to mimic neuronal damage. Behavioral tests, including the sucrose preference test, tail-suspension test, and forced swim test, were conducted to evaluate the impact of Fructus arctii on depressive-like behaviors. Let-7e expression was detected by RT-qPCR, and TLR4 signaling pathway activation was evaluated by western blot analysis, which also assessed the inflammatory response by measuring levels of IL-6, IL-1β, MCP-1, TNF-α, and iNOS. Immunohistological analysis was conducted to detect the expression of microglia markers. Luciferase reporter assays verified the interaction between let-7e and TLR4.

Results

Fructus arctii administration effectively alleviated depressive-like behaviors induced by CUMS in mice, as evidenced by improved sucrose preference and reduced immobility time in behavioral tests. Mechanistically, Fructus arctii reversed the CUMS-induced downregulation of let-7e and upregulation of TLR4 and MyD88 protein levels in mice hippocampus tissues. In addition, Fructus arctii suppressed microglial activation and reduced the levels of inflammatory factors by upregulating let-7e. Let-7e was verified to bind to TLR4, thereby negatively regulating its expression. TLR4 overexpression reversed the suppressive effect of let-7e upregulation on inflammatory reactions and microglial activation. Furthermore, intracerebroventricular injection of let-7e agomiR alleviated depressive-like behavior and inhibited microglial activation in vivo.

Conclusion

In summary, Fructus arctii mitigates depression by regulating the let-7e/TLR4/MyD88 pathway, offering new insights into potential depression therapies.

背景:抑郁症是全球常见的严重公共卫生问题。苦杏仁是一种传统的药用植物成分,具有多种药理作用。本研究旨在探讨辛夷在缓解抑郁样行为方面的治疗潜力:我们建立了一个慢性不可预测轻度应激(CUMS)诱导的抑郁小鼠模型,以评估八角茴香的抗抑郁作用。用脂多糖(LPS)处理的BV2细胞模拟神经元损伤。行为试验包括蔗糖偏好试验、尾悬吊试验和强迫游泳试验,以评估八角茴香对抑郁样行为的影响。通过RT-qPCR检测了Let-7e的表达,通过Western印迹分析评估了TLR4信号通路的激活情况,还通过检测IL-6、IL-1β、MCP-1、TNF-α和iNOS的水平评估了炎症反应。免疫组织学分析用于检测小胶质细胞标记物的表达。荧光素酶报告实验验证了let-7e与TLR4之间的相互作用:结果:通过改善小鼠对蔗糖的偏好和减少行为测试中的静止时间,可以证明给小鼠服用寒天果实能有效缓解CUMS诱导的抑郁样行为。从机理上讲,八角茴香能逆转CUMS诱导的小鼠海马组织中let-7e的下调以及TLR4和MyD88蛋白水平的上调。此外,八角茴香还能通过上调 Let-7e 抑制小胶质细胞的活化并降低炎症因子的水平。经证实,Let-7e能与TLR4结合,从而负向调节TLR4的表达。TLR4的过表达逆转了let-7e上调对炎症反应和小胶质细胞活化的抑制作用。此外,脑室内注射let-7e agomiR可减轻抑郁样行为,并抑制体内小胶质细胞的活化:总之,八角茴香通过调节let-7e/TLR4/MyD88途径缓解抑郁症,为潜在的抑郁症疗法提供了新的思路。
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引用次数: 0
Rhynchophylline Alleviates Hyperactivity and Cognitive Flexibility Impairment Associated With Inhibition of Inflammatory Responses in Mice That Partly Lack the Dopamine Transporter Protein 雷公藤茶碱能缓解部分缺乏多巴胺转运体蛋白的小鼠因抑制炎症反应而导致的多动和认知灵活性受损。
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70121
Jijun Li, Bojun Chen, Zai-wang Li, Yi Wang, Ian Alberts, Kexing Sun, Xiaohong Li

Background and aims

Rhynchophylline (RHY) can alleviate some cognitive flexibility impairment and stereotyped behavior for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Tourette syndrome (TS) patients as one of a key extract and an active ingredient in Ningdong granule (NDG), which is a Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation widely used in the treatment of ADHD and TS children in China; however, the underlying mechanism is not well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate how RHY alleviates hyperactivity and cognitive flexibility impairment while inhibiting inflammatory responses in mice that partly lack dopamine transporter protein (DAT− mice).

Methods

Male DAT− mice were randomly divided into the RHY group (n = 8) and administered RHY (30 mg/kg) in the DAT− group (n = 8) and administered saline (i.p., 10 mL/kg) in wild-type (WT) mice as the WT control group (n = 8). Hyperactivity and cognitive flexibility impairment were evaluated by the open field test (OFT) and the Morris water maze (MWM) test. The levels of the inflammatory factors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in cortical homogenates were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) after 8 weeks of treatment with RHY. In vitro, primary microglia and astrocytes extracted from the cortices of DAT− neonatal mice and WT neonatal mice were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 mg/mL) to induce neuroinflammatory responses and with RHY (20 mM) for 48 h. The levels of the inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) in the culture medium were measured at 6 h, 24 h, and 48 h after treatment with LPS and RHY.

Results

RHY ameliorated hyperactivity and cognitive flexibility impairment in DAT− mice and inhibited the expression of the inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS, and COX-2 in microglia and astrocytes in vitro, and also inhibited the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in cortical homogenates after 8 weeks of treatment.

Conclusion

RHY improved hyperactivity and cognitive flexibility impairment through inhibiting inflammatory responses in DAT− mice.

背景和目的:宁东颗粒(NDG)是中国广泛用于治疗多动症和抽动症儿童的一种中药制剂,其主要提取物和活性成分之一是黄连素(RHY),黄连素(RHY)可以缓解注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)和抽动症(TS)患者的一些认知灵活性损伤和刻板行为。因此,本研究旨在评估RHY如何缓解部分缺乏多巴胺转运蛋白的小鼠(DAT-小鼠)的多动和认知灵活性损伤,同时抑制炎症反应:雄性DAT-小鼠被随机分为RHY组(n = 8),DAT-组小鼠服用RHY(30 mg/kg)(n = 8),野生型(WT)小鼠服用生理盐水(i.p. ,10 mL/kg)作为WT对照组(n = 8)。多动和认知灵活性损伤通过开阔地测试(OFT)和莫里斯水迷宫测试(MWM)进行评估。用 RHY 治疗 8 周后,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测了皮质匀浆中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)等炎症因子的水平。在体外,用脂多糖(LPS)(1 mg/mL)诱导神经炎症反应,并用RHY(20 mM)处理48小时,从DAT-新生小鼠和WT新生小鼠皮质中提取原代小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞。分别在 LPS 和 RHY 处理后 6 小时、24 小时和 48 小时测定培养液中炎性因子 TNF-α、IL-1β、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)和环氧化酶-2(COX2)的水平:结果:RHY改善了DAT-小鼠的多动和认知灵活性损伤,抑制了体外小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞中炎性因子TNF-α、IL-1β、iNOS和COX-2的表达,治疗8周后还抑制了皮质匀浆中TNF-α和IL-1β的表达:结论:RHY可通过抑制DAT-小鼠的炎症反应改善多动和认知灵活性损伤。
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引用次数: 0
Identification of Mood Disorders in Self-Reported Versus Health Administrative Data 从自我报告和健康管理数据中识别情绪失调症。
IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70126
Irène Dohouin, Maude Laberge, Anaïs Lacasse, Thomas G. Poder, TorSaDE Cohort working group
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Producing relevant knowledge on the prevalence of mood disorders (MDs) requires a clear identification of people living with the condition. Analyzing this multifaceted disease from the perspective of health administrative data and population-based surveys could contribute to document inconsistencies between these data sources and highlight the strengths and limitations of each methodological approaches.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Objectives</h3> <p>The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of MD disease, assess concordance of MD patterns in population-based surveys versus health administrative data, and investigate statistical differences in characteristics between individuals presenting the disease in each data sources.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>This study used the Care Trajectories—Enriched Data (TorSaDE) cohort. The TorSaDE cohort is built by merging five waves of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) with health administrative data of the province of Quebec, Canada. The sample includes individuals who participated in at least one round of CCHS and for whom evidence of use of health services in the year of CCHS completion and the year before were present in health administrative data. The cohort was split into four groups based on the presence and absence of MD in self-reported versus health administrative data. Groups' characteristics were compared using chi-square tests and ANOVA.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>The study cohort was composed of 96,079 individuals, of which 10,418 (10.8%) had MD, regardless of the data sources. Self-reported prevalence of MD was 6.03%, while the prevalence from health administrative data was about 7.79%. Estimates showed a low level of concordance between the two measures, as only 27.4% of people presenting this medical condition were identified in both data sources. Furthermore, individuals identified with MD only in survey data had poorer socioeconomic outcomes but better health outcomes than those from the concordant group (i.e., identified in both data sources). In addition, people presenting MD in health administrative data only had better socioeconomic and health outcomes than those who reported MD diagnosis only in survey data.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>Findings suggest that each measure capture different specific subpopulations. Estimates obtained from each source should thus be contextua
背景:要获得有关情绪障碍(MDs)患病率的相关知识,需要明确识别情绪障碍患者。从卫生行政数据和人口调查的角度分析这种多发性疾病,有助于记录这些数据来源之间的不一致性,并突出每种方法的优势和局限性:本研究旨在估算MD疾病的患病率,评估基于人口的调查与卫生行政数据中MD模式的一致性,并调查两种数据来源中患病个体特征的统计差异:本研究使用了护理轨迹-丰富数据(TorSaDE)队列。TorSaDE 队列由加拿大社区健康调查(CCHS)的五次波次与加拿大魁北克省的卫生行政数据合并而成。样本包括至少参加过一轮加拿大社区健康调查的个人,这些人在完成加拿大社区健康调查的当年和前一年使用医疗服务的证据均存在于卫生管理数据中。根据自我报告与卫生行政数据中是否存在 MD,将人群分为四组。采用卡方检验和方差分析比较各组的特征:研究队列由 96,079 人组成,无论数据来源如何,其中 10,418 人(10.8%)患有 MD。自我报告的多发性硬化症患病率为 6.03%,而来自卫生行政数据的患病率约为 7.79%。估算结果表明,这两种测量方法的一致性较低,因为只有 27.4% 的人在两种数据来源中都被发现患有这种病症。此外,仅在调查数据中被识别出患有 MD 的人的社会经济状况较差,但其健康状况却优于一致组(即在两个数据源中均被识别出)的人。此外,与仅在调查数据中报告了 MD 诊断的人相比,仅在卫生行政数据中报告了 MD 的人具有更好的社会经济和健康结果:研究结果表明,每种测量方法都能捕捉到不同的特定亚人群。因此,从每种来源获得的估计值都应结合具体情况并谨慎解释。
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引用次数: 0
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Brain and Behavior
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