Brain and Behavior最新文献_第10页

Transcriptome analysis of rats with chronic unpredictable mild stress treated with electroacupuncture 电针治疗慢性不可预测轻度应激大鼠的转录组分析

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70045

Xiaoli Chang, Ying Wang, Yi Hou, Weilu Cheng, Shaozong Chen

Background

Depression remains one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders, with many patients not responding adequately to available treatments. Electroacupuncture (EA), a nonpharmacologic therapy, holds great promise for alleviating depressive symptoms. In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was used to identify genome-wide alterations in the hippocampus of rats after chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and EA treatments to further elucidate the mechanism by which EA ameliorates depression to provide a basis for the clinical application of EA in stress-related diseases.

Methods

The sucrose preference test (SPT), open field test (OFT), and forced swimming test (FST) were used to investigate the ability of EA at Baihui (GV20) and Taichong acupoints (LR3) to improve depression-like behavior in rats subjected to CUMS. Subsequently, RNA-Seq analysis revealed transcriptomic profiles of the hippocampus of rats subjected to CUMS in which EA ameliorated depressive behavior. Finally, the expression profiles of major differentially expressed genes were tested by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to determine the accuracy of the RNA-Seq results.

Results

Rats subjected to CUMS exhibited depressive-like behaviors, such as decreased sucrose consumption in the SPT (p < .001), decreased time in the central area of the OFT (p < .001), and increased immobility in the FST (p < .01). Importantly, rats subjected to CUMS and treated with EA showed increased sucrose consumption (p < .001), increased time spent in the central area of the OFT (p < .001) and decreased immobility in the FST (p < .01). Sixty-three genes that were differentially expressed following CUMS were altered by EA; most of these were associated with immune pathways. Compared with those in the control group, the expression levels of Colla2 (p < .001), Col3a1 (p < .001), Psmb9 (p < .01), and Tap1 (p < .01) in the hippocampus of rats subjected to CUMS were lower. The changes in the expression of these genes were reversed by EA treatment.

Conclusion

EA at GV20 and LR3 attenuated CUMS-induced depression-like behaviors by regulating the expression of specific genes such as Colla2, Col3a1, Psmb9, and Tap1.

抑郁症仍是最常见的精神疾病之一，许多患者对现有的治疗方法反应不佳。电针（EA）作为一种非药物疗法，在缓解抑郁症状方面大有可为。本研究采用RNA测序（RNA-Seq）技术，鉴定了大鼠在接受慢性不可预知的轻度应激（CUMS）和EA治疗后海马的全基因组变化，以进一步阐明EA改善抑郁症的机制，为EA在应激相关疾病的临床应用提供依据。

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引用次数: 0

Influences of quality of maternal care and environmental enrichment on associative memory function in rats with early life lead exposure 母体护理质量和丰富环境对早期铅暴露大鼠联想记忆功能的影响

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70040

Jay S. Schneider, Courtney Williams, Shamaila Zafar, Jaehyun Joo, Blanca. E. Himes

Introduction

Children in low socioeconomic status (SES) communities are at higher risk of exposure to lead (Pb) and potentially more severe adverse outcomes from Pb exposures. While the factors encompassing SES are complex, low SES households often have less enriching home environments and parent–child interactions. This study investigated the extent to which environmental/behavioral factors (quality of maternal care and richness of the postnatal environment) may modify adverse effects from Pb exposure.

Methods

Long-Evans female rats were randomly assigned to Control (no Pb), Early Postnatal (EPN: birth through weaning), or Perinatal (PERI: 14 days pre-mating through weaning) Pb exposure groups. From postnatal days (PNDs) 2–9, maternal care behaviors were observed, and dams were classified as low or high maternal care based on amounts of licking/grooming and arched back nursing. At weaning, pups were randomly assigned to enriched or non-enriched environments. At PND 55, animals began trace fear conditioning and associative memory was tested on days 1, 2, and 10 postconditioning.

Results

Control offspring showed no significant effects of maternal care or enrichment on task performance. Females with EPN-Pb exposure and males with PERI-Pb exposure living in the non-enriched environment and having an LMC mother had significant memory impairments at days 2 and 10 that were not observed in comparably housed animals with HMC mothers. Enriched animals had no deficits, regardless of maternal care status.

Conclusion

These results show the potential for modulatory influences of maternal care and housing environment on protecting against or reversing at least one aspect of Pb-induced cognitive/behavioral dysfunction.

社会经济地位低下（SES）社区的儿童接触铅（Pb）的风险更高，接触铅可能会导致更严重的不良后果。虽然包含社会经济地位的因素很复杂，但低社会经济地位家庭的家庭环境和亲子互动往往不那么丰富。本研究调查了环境/行为因素（孕产妇护理质量和产后环境的丰富程度）在多大程度上可改变铅暴露的不良影响。

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引用次数: 0

Dose-dependent cranial irradiation associations with brain structures and neuropsychological outcomes in children with posterior fossa brain tumors 剂量依赖性颅内照射与后窝脑肿瘤患儿脑部结构和神经心理学结果的关系。

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70019

Mary Baron Nelson, Sharon H. O'Neil, Scarlet J. Cho, Sofia Dhanani, Jeffrey Tanedo, Brandon J. Shin, Jack Rodman, Arthur Olch, Kenneth Wong, Marvin D. Nelson Jr, Jonathan Finlay, Natasha Lepore

Background

Posterior fossa irradiation with or without whole brain irradiation results in high doses of radiation to the thalamus, hippocampus, and putamen, structures critical to cognitive functioning. As a result, children with brain tumors treated with cranial irradiation (CRT) may experience significant cognitive late effects. We sought to determine the effect of radiation to those structures on neuropsychological outcome.

Methods

Forty-seven children with a history of posterior fossa tumor (17 treated with surgery; 11 with surgery and chemotherapy; and 19 with surgery, chemotherapy, and CRT) underwent neuroimaging and neuropsychological assessment at a mean of 4.8 years after treatment, along with 17 healthy sibling controls. The putamen, thalamus, and hippocampus were segmented on each participant's magnetic resonance imaging for diffusion indices and volumes, and in the radiation treatment group, radiation dose to each structure was calculated.

Results

Performance on visuoconstruction and spatial learning and memory was lower in patient groups than controls. Volume of the thalamus, when controlling for age, was smaller in the patient group treated with CRT than other groups. Higher radiation doses to the putamen correlated with higher fractional anisotropy in that structure. Higher radiation dose to the hippocampus correlated with lower spatial learning, and higher dose to thalami and putamina to lower verbal and nonverbal reasoning.

Conclusions

All children with posterior fossa tumors, regardless of treatment modality, had cognitive deficits compared to their sibling controls. Posterior fossa irradiation may affect thalamic volume and aspects of verbal and nonverbal cognitive functioning.

背景无论是否进行了全脑照射，后窝照射都会对丘脑、海马和普坦等对认知功能至关重要的结构造成高剂量辐射。因此，接受头颅照射（CRT）治疗的脑肿瘤患儿可能会出现明显的认知功能晚期影响。方法47名有后窝肿瘤病史的儿童（17名接受过手术治疗；11名接受过手术和化疗；19名接受过手术、化疗和CRT治疗）在治疗后平均4.8年接受了神经影像学和神经心理学评估，同时接受评估的还有17名健康的兄弟姐妹对照组。对每位受试者的磁共振成像中的普间脑、丘脑和海马进行分割，以获得弥散指数和体积，并计算放射治疗组中每个结构的辐射剂量。在控制年龄的情况下，接受 CRT 治疗的患者组丘脑体积小于其他组。普坦的辐射剂量越高，该结构的分数各向异性越大。结论与同胞对照组相比，所有患有后窝肿瘤的儿童，无论采用哪种治疗方式，都存在认知缺陷。后窝照射可能会影响丘脑体积以及言语和非言语认知功能。

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引用次数: 0

Causal relationship between insomnia and thyroid disease: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study 失眠与甲状腺疾病之间的因果关系：双向孟德尔随机研究

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70046

Zhonghui Li, Zonghang Jia, Peng Zhou, Qingqing He

Objective

Some correlations between thyroid disorders and insomnia have been found in previous studies; however, the causal relationship between them is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between insomnia and five thyroid disorders (hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer).

Methods

We assessed the causal relationship between insomnia and thyroid disorders using inverse variance weighted, weighted median, and Mendelian randomization (MR)-Egger analyses in MR analyses and then used inverse MR analyses to assess the causal relationship between thyroid disorders and insomnia.

Results

MR analysis showed that insomnia did not increase the risk of hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer. However, reverse MR analysis showed that thyroid cancer increased the risk of insomnia (OR = 1.01, 95%CI: 1.00–1.02, p = .01), and the other four thyroid disorders had no direct causal relationship with insomnia. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the results were robust and no pleiotropy or heterogeneity was detected.

Conclusion

This study did not find evidence of a bidirectional causal relationship between genetically predicted insomnia and hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and thyroid nodules. However, we found that although insomnia does not increase the risk of thyroid cancer, thyroid cancer does increase the risk of insomnia.

以往的研究发现，甲状腺疾病与失眠之间存在一定的相关性，但二者之间的因果关系尚不明确。本研究旨在探讨失眠与五种甲状腺疾病（甲状腺功能亢进症、甲状腺功能减退症、甲状腺炎、甲状腺结节和甲状腺癌）之间的因果关系。

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引用次数: 0

Strategies to overcome mental health stigma: Insights and recommendations from young people with major depressive disorder (MDD) 克服心理健康耻辱感的策略：患有重度抑郁症（MDD）的年轻人的见解和建议

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70028

Katie Prizeman, Netta Weinstein, Ciara McCabe

Background

Young people with depression are met with stigma related to their mental health, which exacerbates loneliness, social isolation, and depression symptoms. While disclosing depression could improve one's mental health, stigma can also make social interactions more challenging and reduce the likelihood of receiving treatment. This research explored young people's experiences with stigma and recommendations for addressing it.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews conducted with N = 35 young people aged 18–25 years (M_age = 20.09) were analyzed with thematic analysis. Participants met the criteria for clinical depression using the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (score >27) or had recently obtained a medical diagnosis (N = 18) of depression by a medical professional.

Results

Participants faced stigma when deciding to disclose their depression, which fed into a vicious cycle influencing feelings of loneliness, social isolation, and withdrawal. Their recommendations for others to avoid this cycle can be summarized under three main themes: (1) Social affirmation: identify allies and build meaningful connections; (2) Self-affirmation: build a constructive relationship with the self; and (3) Societal affirmation: structural changes are needed.

Conclusions

The current research indicates that social, self-, and societal affirmation are considered important for reducing the detrimental impacts of stigma. Policies and programs are needed that provide mental health support to young people, and public awareness campaigns that guide young people to appropriate resources (i.e., support and intervention) via governmental public health bodies.

患有抑郁症的年轻人会因为自己的心理健康而遭受耻辱，这加剧了他们的孤独感、社会隔离感和抑郁症状。虽然披露抑郁症可以改善一个人的心理健康，但污名化也会使社会交往更具挑战性，并降低接受治疗的可能性。本研究探讨了年轻人的成见经历以及解决成见问题的建议。

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引用次数: 0

Subclinical hyperthyroidism and the risk of dementia: A meta-analysis 亚临床甲状腺功能亢进症与痴呆症的风险：荟萃分析

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70037

Qiao Liu, Chaoyin Lu, Mengdie Chen, Ping Feng

Background

Accumulating evidence suggests that thyroid dysfunction may be related to the risk of dementia. However, previous studies evaluating the association between subclinical hyperthyroidism and the risk of dementia showed inconsistent results. This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the relationship between subclinical hyperthyroidism and the incidence of dementia in the general population.

Methods

Cohort studies relevant were retrieved by searching the electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. A random-effects model was used to combine the data by incorporating the influence of between-study heterogeneity. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed to investigate the source of heterogeneity.

Results

Nine cohort studies including 49,218 community-derived participants were included. Among them, 3177 (6.5%) had subclinical hyperthyroidism at baseline. During a mean follow-up of 10.2 years, 4044 participants developed dementia. The pooled results showed that compared to the participants with euthyroidism, those with subclinical hyperthyroidism had a higher incidence of dementia (risk ratio: 1.38, 95% confidence interval: 1.09 to 1.74, p = .006; I² = 47%). Subgroup analyses according to study design, age of the participants, methods for diagnosis of dementia, or analytic model did not significantly change the results. The univariate meta-regression showed that the cutoff of thyroid-stimulating hormone for defining subclinical hyperthyroidism negatively affected the association between subclinical hyperthyroidism and dementia (coefficient: –1.44, p = .009), which completely explained the heterogeneity (residual I² = 0%).

Conclusion

Subjects with subclinical hyperthyroidism may have a higher risk of dementia compared to those with euthyroidism.

越来越多的证据表明，甲状腺功能障碍可能与痴呆症的风险有关。然而，以往评估亚临床甲状腺功能亢进症与痴呆症风险之间关系的研究结果并不一致。本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在评估亚临床甲状腺功能亢进症与普通人群痴呆症发病率之间的关系。

{"title":"Subclinical hyperthyroidism and the risk of dementia: A meta-analysis","authors":"Qiao Liu, Chaoyin Lu, Mengdie Chen, Ping Feng","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70037","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accumulating evidence suggests that thyroid dysfunction may be related to the risk of dementia. However, previous studies evaluating the association between subclinical hyperthyroidism and the risk of dementia showed inconsistent results. This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the relationship between subclinical hyperthyroidism and the incidence of dementia in the general population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cohort studies relevant were retrieved by searching the electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. A random-effects model was used to combine the data by incorporating the influence of between-study heterogeneity. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed to investigate the source of heterogeneity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nine cohort studies including 49,218 community-derived participants were included. Among them, 3177 (6.5%) had subclinical hyperthyroidism at baseline. During a mean follow-up of 10.2 years, 4044 participants developed dementia. The pooled results showed that compared to the participants with euthyroidism, those with subclinical hyperthyroidism had a higher incidence of dementia (risk ratio: 1.38, 95% confidence interval: 1.09 to 1.74, <i>p</i> = .006; <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 47%). Subgroup analyses according to study design, age of the participants, methods for diagnosis of dementia, or analytic model did not significantly change the results. The univariate meta-regression showed that the cutoff of thyroid-stimulating hormone for defining subclinical hyperthyroidism negatively affected the association between subclinical hyperthyroidism and dementia (coefficient: –1.44, <i>p</i> = .009), which completely explained the heterogeneity (residual <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 0%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Subjects with subclinical hyperthyroidism may have a higher risk of dementia compared to those with euthyroidism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142267016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neurosarcoidosis: Clinical, biological, and MRI presentation of central nervous system disease in a national multicenter cohort 神经肉芽肿病：全国多中心队列中中枢神经系统疾病的临床、生物学和磁共振成像表现

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3443

Amélie Dos santos, Edouard Courtin, Aurélie Ruet, Pierre Duffau, Guillaume Mathey, Ines Bekkour, Jonathan Ciron, Laure Michel, François Xavier Blanc, Jésus Aguilar, Pascal Lejeune, Guillaume Marc, David Laplaud, Armelle Magot, Mohamed Hamidou, Sandrine Wiertlewski

Introduction

Neurosarcoidosis (NS) is a systemic inflammatory granulomatous disease affecting of patients with sarcoidosis. Its diagnosis is difficult as there is no specific test for it. Because of its rarity, the management of NS has so far only been described in case series and short retrospective cohorts. The objective of this study is description of the clinical, paraclinical presentation and the therapeutic management of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in NS patients in France.

Methods

This multicenter, retrospective, observational study involved patients hospitalized between 2010 and 2019 with a diagnosis of sarcoidosis and CNS involvement.

Results

We included 118 patients (38 with isolated NS, 80 with NS associated with systemic sarcoidosis). NS was the initial presentation in 78% of patients, with cranial nerve involvement (36%), medullary symptoms (23%), and seizures (21%). Twenty-one percent of the patients had already been diagnosed with systemic sarcoidosis. The most frequent biological abnormality was lymphopenia (62.5%), while angiotensin-converting enzyme was increased in 21%. Meningitis was present in 45% and hyperproteinorachia in 69.5% of cases. MRI mainly revealed white matter abnormalities and leptomeningeal enhancement (34%). Corticosteroids were the most useful treatment, and immunosuppressive agents were used in steroid-resistant patients and to limit side effects. Methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, and anti-TNFα were also used, exhibiting good efficacy.

Conclusions

This cohort contributes to a better understanding of the clinical phenotype and associated imaging and biological abnormalities. Sharing of clinical, biological, and imaging data, as well as the therapeutic responses, of patients with NS helps to better understand and manage this disease that affects a small number of patients per center. A database project could be implemented in the future to enable this.

导言神经肉芽肿病（NS）是一种全身性炎症性肉芽肿疾病，多发于肉芽肿病患者。由于没有特异性的检测方法，因此其诊断十分困难。由于其罕见性，迄今为止，仅在系列病例和短期回顾性队列中描述了对 NS 的治疗。本研究的目的是描述法国 NS 患者的临床、辅助临床表现以及中枢神经系统（CNS）受累的治疗方法。方法这项多中心、回顾性、观察性研究涉及 2010 年至 2019 年期间住院的确诊为肉样瘤病并受累于中枢神经系统的患者。结果我们纳入了 118 名患者（38 名孤立的 NS 患者，80 名伴有系统性肉样瘤病的 NS 患者）。78%的患者以NS为首发症状，同时伴有颅神经受累（36%）、延髓症状（23%）和癫痫发作（21%）。21%的患者已被诊断为系统性肉样瘤病。最常见的生物学异常是淋巴细胞减少（62.5%），21%的患者血管紧张素转换酶升高。45%的病例出现脑膜炎，69.5%的病例出现高蛋白血症。核磁共振成像主要显示白质异常和脑膜强化（34%）。皮质类固醇是最有效的治疗方法，对类固醇耐药的患者可使用免疫抑制剂，以限制副作用。此外，还使用了甲氨蝶呤、环磷酰胺和抗肿瘤坏死因子α，并取得了良好疗效。结论该队列有助于更好地了解临床表型以及相关的影像学和生物学异常。共享 NS 患者的临床、生物学和影像学数据以及治疗反应有助于更好地了解和管理这种每个中心仅有少数患者的疾病。今后可以实施一个数据库项目来实现这一点。

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引用次数: 0

Motor unit number index in Bell's palsy: A potential electrophysiological biomarker for early evaluation 贝尔氏麻痹的运动单位数量指数：用于早期评估的潜在电生理生物标志物

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3632

Mengjie Chen, Mingxia Zhu, Xiuli Li, Jingtao Pi, Xinhong Feng

Introduction

Reliable, noninvasive early diagnostics of neuromuscular function in Bell's palsy, which causes facial paralysis and reduced quality of life, remain to be established. Here, we aimed to evaluate the utility of the motor unit number index (MUNIX) for the quantitative electrophysiological assessment of early-stage Bell's palsy, its correlation with clinical assessments, changes following treatment, and association with clinical prognosis.

Methods

MUNIX measures were recorded from the bilateral zygomaticus, orbicularis oculi, and orbicularis oris muscles of 10 healthy individuals and 64 patients with Bell's palsy. The patients were assessed by two specialist neurologists using the House–Brackmann and Sunnybrook Facial Grading Systems. Repeat assessments were performed on 20 patients with Bell's palsy who received treatment. Additionally, the 64 patients were reassessed using clinical scales after a 1-month interval.

Results

The MUNIX values of the main affected muscles on the affected side were lower than those on the healthy side in patients with Bell's palsy (p < .05). The MUNIX measurements significantly correlated with the clinical facial nerve palsy scale scores (p < .05). Significant improvements were observed in the MUNIX values on repeat testing following treatment (p < .05). The baseline motor unit size index (the compound muscle action potential amplitude divided by MUNIX) was positively associated with improved clinical presentation after 1 month (p < .05).

Conclusion

MUNIX can be used as an electrophysiological biomarker for the quantitative assessment of facial nerve palsy and treatment response, and as a prognostic biomarker, in patients with early Bell's palsy, and is recommended as a complement to conventional neurophysiological examinations.

导言：贝尔氏麻痹会导致面瘫和生活质量下降，而可靠、无创的贝尔氏麻痹神经肌肉功能早期诊断方法仍有待建立。在此，我们旨在评估运动单位数量指数（MUNIX）对早期贝尔氏麻痹的定量电生理评估的实用性、其与临床评估的相关性、治疗后的变化以及与临床预后的关联。方法从 10 名健康人和 64 名贝尔氏麻痹患者的双侧颧肌、眼轮匝肌和口轮匝肌记录 MUNIX 测量值。两名神经科专家使用 House-Brackmann 和 Sunnybrook 面部分级系统对患者进行了评估。对接受治疗的 20 名贝尔麻痹患者进行了重复评估。此外，在间隔 1 个月后，还使用临床量表对 64 名患者进行了重新评估。结果贝尔氏麻痹患者患侧主要受影响肌肉的 MUNIX 值低于健侧（p <.05）。MUNIX 测量值与临床面神经麻痹量表评分明显相关（p < .05）。在治疗后的重复测试中，观察到 MUNIX 值有明显改善（p <.05）。基线运动单位大小指数（复合肌肉动作电位振幅除以 MUNIX）与 1 个月后临床表现的改善呈正相关（p < .05）。结论 MUNIX 可作为电生理生物标志物，用于定量评估面神经麻痹和治疗反应，也可作为早期贝尔氏麻痹患者的预后生物标志物，建议作为传统神经电生理检查的补充。

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引用次数: 0

Social determinants of health on attitudes toward childbearing among women with multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study 健康的社会决定因素对多发性硬化症妇女生育态度的影响：横断面研究

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70031

Nahid Abbasi Khoshsirat, Romina Mokaram, Zohreh Mahmoodi, Ehsan Shahrestanaki, Nooshin Ghavidel

Background

Pregnancy and motherhood are very valuable but challenging for women with multiple sclerosis (MS). Given that there are limited studies in this field, this study aimed to determine the social determinants of health on attitudes toward childbearing among women with MS.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study on 206 women with MS in Alborz province, Iran, from February to June 2023 using convenience sampling. The data were collected using the questionnaire, and a linear regression analysis was applied.

Results

The mean age of the participants was 36.80 ± 6.50 years. Participants’ Attitudes toward Fertility and Childbearing (PAFC) had a positive significant association with social support (B = .10, SE = .04, p = .023) and a significant negative association with the total score of depression, anxiety, and stress scale (B = −.13, SE = .06, p = .047) and depression (B = −.40, SE = .18, p = .023). However, the association between anxiety (B = −.25, SE = .20, p = .211), stress (B = −.36, SE = .18, p = .050), MS severity (B = .04, SE = .30, p = .890), and socioeconomic status scale (SES) (B = −.08, SE = .32, p = .806) was nonsignificant with PAFC.

Conclusion

Our results showed that factors, including social support and mental health especially depression, can affect PAFC in women with MS. Therefore, it is necessary to determine specific strategies for policymakers to help MS patients manage pregnancy and motherhood.

背景怀孕和做母亲对患有多发性硬化症（MS）的妇女来说非常有价值，但也具有挑战性。鉴于该领域的研究有限，本研究旨在确定健康的社会决定因素对多发性硬化症女性患者生育态度的影响。方法我们于 2023 年 2 月至 6 月采用便利抽样法对伊朗阿尔伯兹省的 206 名多发性硬化症女性患者进行了横断面研究。数据通过问卷收集，并进行了线性回归分析。结果参与者的平均年龄为 36.80±6.50 岁。参与者的生育和育儿态度（PAFC）与社会支持（B = .10，SE = .04，p = .023）呈显著正相关，与抑郁、焦虑和压力量表总分（B = -.13，SE = .06，p = .047）和抑郁（B = -.40，SE = .18，p = .023）呈显著负相关。然而，焦虑（B = -.25，SE = .20，p = .211）、压力（B = -.36，SE = .18，p = .050）、多发性硬化症严重程度（B = .04，SE = .30，p = .890）和社会经济地位量表（SES）（B = -.08，SE = .32，p = .806）与 PAFC 的关系不显著。结论我们的研究结果表明，包括社会支持和心理健康（尤其是抑郁）在内的因素会影响多发性硬化症女性患者的 PAFC。因此，有必要为政策制定者确定具体的策略，以帮助多发性硬化症患者管理妊娠和生育。

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引用次数: 0

Association of obesity indicators with cognitive function among US adults aged 60 years and older: Results from NHANES 美国 60 岁及以上成年人中肥胖指标与认知功能的关系：国家健康调查（NHANES）结果

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70006

Leian Chen, Ying Hou, Yu Sun, Dantao Peng

Background

Midlife obesity is a significant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, but the effects of obesity on cognitive function, either detrimental or beneficial, are controversial among older individuals. This study aims to assess this associations of body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference (WC) with cognitive function among United States older individuals.

Methods

A cross-sectional research study was conducted utilizing data from the 2011 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Initially, the study compared differences in cognitive function among the normal weight, overweight, and obese groups. Subsequently, we examined the relationships between BMI or WC and cognitive function using multivariate linear regression. Finally, structural equation models were constructed to assess the relationships among body shape, lifestyle, and cognitive function pathways.

Results

The study included 2254 individuals. Obese subjects had lower scores in the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) word list learning tasks (CERAD-WL) (χ² = 7.804, p = .020) and digit symbol substitution test (χ² = 8.869, p = .012). The regression analysis showed that WC was negatively connected with the CERAD-WL score after adjusting for confounding factors (β = −.029, p = .045). Moreover, WC had a mediating effect on the path from lifestyle to cognition (CERAD-WL). However, there was no difference in the CERAD delayed recall score and the animal fluency test between the obese and the other groups.

Conclusions

Obese older adults exhibited impaired cognitive abilities in terms of learning and working memory performance. The impact of lifestyle on cognition was mediated by obesity-related anthropometric indices. Sleep, physical activity, and diet influenced the degree of obesity, which subsequently determined cognitive function. Prioritizing weight management in elderly people is crucial for safeguarding cognitive function.

背景中年肥胖是阿尔茨海默病的一个重要风险因素，但肥胖对认知功能的影响，无论是有害还是有益，在老年人中都存在争议。本研究旨在评估美国老年人的体重指数（BMI）或腰围（WC）与认知功能之间的关系。方法利用 2011 年至 2014 年美国国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）的数据开展了一项横断面研究。研究首先比较了正常体重组、超重组和肥胖组在认知功能方面的差异。随后，我们使用多变量线性回归法研究了体重指数或腹围与认知功能之间的关系。最后，我们构建了结构方程模型，以评估体形、生活方式和认知功能途径之间的关系。结果该研究共纳入 2254 人。肥胖受试者在建立阿尔茨海默病登记联盟（CERAD）单词表学习任务（CERAD-WL）（χ2 = 7.804，p = .020）和数字符号替换测试（χ2 = 8.869，p = .012）中的得分较低。回归分析表明，在调整了混杂因素后，WC 与 CERAD-WL 分数呈负相关（β = -.029，p = .045）。此外，腹围对从生活方式到认知（CERAD-WL）的路径具有中介效应。然而，在 CERAD 延迟回忆得分和动物流畅性测试中，肥胖组与其他组之间没有差异。结论肥胖的老年人在学习和工作记忆方面表现出认知能力受损。生活方式对认知能力的影响受肥胖相关人体测量指数的调节。睡眠、体力活动和饮食会影响肥胖程度，进而决定认知功能。优先控制老年人的体重对于保护认知功能至关重要。

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