Hongmin Gong, Jiaqin Yuan, Min Li, Deqi Xiong, Fayang Ling, Mei Liu, Yan Hu, Shouqiang Wang
Background
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been reported to be associated with depression; however, whether higher peripheral levels of IL-6 are associated with poststroke depression (PSD) remains controversial. To date, correlative meta-analyses of the relationship between IL-6 levels and PSD are lacking.
Methods
We performed a comprehensive search of databases to explore qualified studies reporting IL-6 levels in the acute phase of stroke and PSD before November 2024. The standard mean deviation (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to detect differences in peripheral IL-6 concentrations between PSD patients and non-PSD patients.
Results
A total of 22 studies including 4928 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The results revealed that PSD patients had significantly higher peripheral IL-6 levels in the acute phase of stroke than non-PSD patients did (SMD = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.42–0.90). Higher IL-6 levels were detected in patients with PSD than in non-PSD patients whether the assessment of depressive symptoms was conducted within 3 months or later, but not at the time of discharge (at discharge: SMD = 1.76, 95% CI: −0.42–3.94, p = 0.11; ≤ 3 months: SMD = 2.81, 95% CI: 1.50–4.12, p < 0.001; > 3 months: SMD = 3.17, 95% CI: 0.62–5.71, p < 0.05). The result of serum for measuring peripheral IL-6 concentration was significant (SMD = 3.17, 95% CI = [1.63, 4.72], p < 0.001); however, plasma was not (SMD = 3.14, 95% CI = [−0.13, 6.40], p = 0.06). In addition, HAMD seemed to be more suitable for evaluating depressive symptoms than BDI-FS (HAMD: SMD = 3.31, 95% CI = [1.86, 4.75], p < 0.001; BDI-FS: SMD = 1.22, 95% CI = [−0.18, 2.62], p = 0.09). The sample collection time was the source of high heterogeneity (the subgroup of sample collection time within 1 day: I2 = 17%, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Higher peripheral IL-6 concentrations in the acute stage of stroke are closely related to the risk of PSD; collecting samples within 1 day after stroke onset and evaluating depression post discharge are recommended.
背景：据报道，白细胞介素-6 （IL-6）与抑郁症有关；然而，高外周IL-6水平是否与脑卒中后抑郁（PSD）相关仍有争议。迄今为止，缺乏IL-6水平与PSD之间关系的相关meta分析。方法：我们对数据库进行了全面检索，以探索2024年11月之前报道脑卒中和PSD急性期IL-6水平的合格研究。计算标准平均偏差（SMD）和95%置信区间（CI）来检测PSD患者和非PSD患者外周血IL-6浓度的差异。结果：本meta分析共纳入22项研究，4928名受试者。结果显示，卒中急性期PSD患者外周血IL-6水平明显高于非PSD患者（SMD = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.42-0.90）。无论是否在3个月内或之后进行抑郁症状评估，在PSD患者中检测到IL-6水平高于非PSD患者，而不是在出院时（出院时：SMD = 1.76, 95% CI: -0.42-3.94, p = 0.11；≤3个月：SMD = 2.81, 95% CI: 1.50-4.12, p < 0.001; > 3个月：SMD = 3.17, 95% CI: 0.62-5.71, p < 0.05）。血清外周IL-6浓度测定结果具有统计学意义（SMD = 3.17, 95% CI = [1.63, 4.72], p < 0.001）；而血浆则没有（SMD = 3.14, 95% CI = [-0.13, 6.40], p = 0.06）。此外，HAMD似乎比BDI-FS更适合于评估抑郁症状（HAMD: SMD = 3.31, 95% CI = [1.86, 4.75], p < 0.001; BDI-FS: SMD = 1.22, 95% CI = [-0.18, 2.62], p = 0.09）。样本采集时间是高异质性的来源（1天内样本采集时间亚组：I2 = 17%, p < 0.001）。结论：脑卒中急性期外周血IL-6浓度升高与PSD发生风险密切相关；建议在中风发作后1天内采集样本，出院后评估抑郁程度。
{"title":"Association Between Peripheral IL-6 Levels in the Acute Stage of Stroke and Poststroke Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Hongmin Gong, Jiaqin Yuan, Min Li, Deqi Xiong, Fayang Ling, Mei Liu, Yan Hu, Shouqiang Wang","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71207","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71207","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been reported to be associated with depression; however, whether higher peripheral levels of IL-6 are associated with poststroke depression (PSD) remains controversial. To date, correlative meta-analyses of the relationship between IL-6 levels and PSD are lacking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed a comprehensive search of databases to explore qualified studies reporting IL-6 levels in the acute phase of stroke and PSD before November 2024. The standard mean deviation (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to detect differences in peripheral IL-6 concentrations between PSD patients and non-PSD patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 22 studies including 4928 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The results revealed that PSD patients had significantly higher peripheral IL-6 levels in the acute phase of stroke than non-PSD patients did (SMD = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.42–0.90). Higher IL-6 levels were detected in patients with PSD than in non-PSD patients whether the assessment of depressive symptoms was conducted within 3 months or later, but not at the time of discharge (at discharge: SMD = 1.76, 95% CI: −0.42–3.94, <i>p</i> = 0.11; ≤ 3 months: SMD = 2.81, 95% CI: 1.50–4.12, <i>p</i> < 0.001; > 3 months: SMD = 3.17, 95% CI: 0.62–5.71, <i>p</i> < 0.05). The result of serum for measuring peripheral IL-6 concentration was significant (SMD = 3.17, 95% CI = [1.63, 4.72], <i>p</i> < 0.001); however, plasma was not (SMD = 3.14, 95% CI = [−0.13, 6.40], <i>p</i> = 0.06). In addition, HAMD seemed to be more suitable for evaluating depressive symptoms than BDI-FS (HAMD: SMD = 3.31, 95% CI = [1.86, 4.75], <i>p</i> < 0.001; BDI-FS: SMD = 1.22, 95% CI = [−0.18, 2.62], <i>p</i> = 0.09). The sample collection time was the source of high heterogeneity (the subgroup of sample collection time within 1 day: <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 17%, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher peripheral IL-6 concentrations in the acute stage of stroke are closely related to the risk of PSD; collecting samples within 1 day after stroke onset and evaluating depression post discharge are recommended.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12886751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146148930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Detecting novel environmental events is a fundamental survival mechanism, enabling organisms to identify and respond to salient changes. This function can operate in at least two broad modes, differing in task demands: active and passive novelty processing. Active processing involves explicitly recognizing novel or deviant stimuli and engaging goal-directed, top-down attentional control and memory-related systems. In contrast, passive processing is driven primarily by bottom-up attentional reorienting and does not necessarily require an explicit response or conscious evaluation. The present study asked whether these two modes recruit a shared neural architecture across task demands.
Methods
We conducted a coordinate-based meta-analysis using Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) across fMRI studies of active and passive novelty processing. Conjunction and subtraction analyses were performed on the resulting ALE maps to identify common and distinct neural substrates associated with each mode of novelty processing.
Results
The conjunction analysis revealed a core novelty-responsive network encompassing the bilateral medial temporal lobes (MTLs), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and medial frontal regions. Subtraction analyses further identified task-dependent specializations: studies of active novelty processing showed greater spatial convergence in the left precentral gyrus, left IFG, right MTL, and medial frontal areas, whereas studies of passive processing showed greater convergence in the left superior temporal gyrus, bilateral MTL, and right IFG.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that active and passive conditions share a common novelty-responsive network but differentially weight its components, reflecting distinct cognitive and attentional demands imposed by the explicit versus incidental processing of novel events.
{"title":"The Neural Blueprint of Novelty: A Meta-Analytic Dissection of Active and Passive Novelty Processing Networks","authors":"Ern Wong, Gianluca Sesso, Irene Sánchez Rodríguez, Jordi Manuello, Pietro Pietrini","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71221","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71221","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Detecting novel environmental events is a fundamental survival mechanism, enabling organisms to identify and respond to salient changes. This function can operate in at least two broad modes, differing in task demands: active and passive novelty processing. Active processing involves explicitly recognizing novel or deviant stimuli and engaging goal-directed, top-down attentional control and memory-related systems. In contrast, passive processing is driven primarily by bottom-up attentional reorienting and does not necessarily require an explicit response or conscious evaluation. The present study asked whether these two modes recruit a shared neural architecture across task demands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a coordinate-based meta-analysis using Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) across fMRI studies of active and passive novelty processing. Conjunction and subtraction analyses were performed on the resulting ALE maps to identify common and distinct neural substrates associated with each mode of novelty processing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The conjunction analysis revealed a core novelty-responsive network encompassing the bilateral medial temporal lobes (MTLs), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and medial frontal regions. Subtraction analyses further identified task-dependent specializations: studies of active novelty processing showed greater spatial convergence in the left precentral gyrus, left IFG, right MTL, and medial frontal areas, whereas studies of passive processing showed greater convergence in the left superior temporal gyrus, bilateral MTL, and right IFG.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings suggest that active and passive conditions share a common novelty-responsive network but differentially weight its components, reflecting distinct cognitive and attentional demands imposed by the explicit versus incidental processing of novel events.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12887445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146148997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common complication following a stroke. Recent findings highlight the role of miR-502-3p in both vascular and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the role in PSCI remains uncovered.
Objective
This study emphasized the differential expression of miR-502-3p and subsequently evaluated the predictive value of miR-502-3p expression levels for PSCI.
Materials and methods
The study subjects included 112 patients with PSCI and 161 individuals with post-stroke cognitive normality. The relative expression of miR-502-3p was calculated by qPCR, while its predictive value for PSCI was assessed via ROC curve. Pearson's correlation coefficient was utilized to analyze the correlation between serum miR-502p-3p levels and PSCI. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify risk factors of PSCI.
Results
Serum miR-502-3p was identified as significantly elevated in the PSCI group. The area under the ROC curve was 0.850, with a sensitivity of 76.79% and a specificity of 77.64%. The miR-502-3p level was positively correlated with both NIHSS and mRS scores. In addition, a negative correlation was observed between the miR-502-3p level and MoCA score. Elevated miR-502-3p and hypertension were identified as independent risk factors for PSCI.
Conclusion
Significantly elevated serum miR-502-3p was a promising biomarker for the onset of PSCI. Elevated miR-502-3p and hypertension were independent risk factors for PSCI.
{"title":"Prognostic Value of Elevated miR-502-3p in Patients With Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment","authors":"Yi Lin, Liang Xu, Yuhao Zhang, Cui Zou","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71208","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71208","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common complication following a stroke. Recent findings highlight the role of miR-502-3p in both vascular and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the role in PSCI remains uncovered.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study emphasized the differential expression of miR-502-3p and subsequently evaluated the predictive value of miR-502-3p expression levels for PSCI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study subjects included 112 patients with PSCI and 161 individuals with post-stroke cognitive normality. The relative expression of miR-502-3p was calculated by qPCR, while its predictive value for PSCI was assessed via ROC curve. Pearson's correlation coefficient was utilized to analyze the correlation between serum miR-502p-3p levels and PSCI. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify risk factors of PSCI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum miR-502-3p was identified as significantly elevated in the PSCI group. The area under the ROC curve was 0.850, with a sensitivity of 76.79% and a specificity of 77.64%. The miR-502-3p level was positively correlated with both NIHSS and mRS scores. In addition, a negative correlation was observed between the miR-502-3p level and MoCA score. Elevated miR-502-3p and hypertension were identified as independent risk factors for PSCI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significantly elevated serum miR-502-3p was a promising biomarker for the onset of PSCI. Elevated miR-502-3p and hypertension were independent risk factors for PSCI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12887232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146148996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caner Doğrusever, Hacer Yıldırım Kurtuluş, Alican Kaya, Nuri Türk, Murat Yıldırım
Background
Despite increasing interest in school belonging, few studies have applied person-centered approaches to explore how emotional and psychological factors interact within adolescent populations. This study aimed to identify latent profiles of adolescents based on their experiences of school belonging, emotional problems, psychological symptoms, meaningful school engagement, and ostracism.
Method
A multidimensional construct was developed, incorporating indicators such as ignorance, exclusion, somatization, depression, anxiety, purpose enjoyment, responsible understanding, and prosociality. A convenience sample of 749 adolescents (64.4% female; Mage = 15.27, SD = 1.25) was recruited. Latent profile analysis was conducted to uncover distinct student profiles.
Results
Four profiles emerged: (1) Distressed but Included—high emotional problems despite near-average ostracism; (2) Adaptive and Successful—high meaningful school engagement and prosociality with low emotional problems; (3) Balanced and Typical—normative levels across all indicators; and (4) Ostracized with Psychological Risk—the highest levels of ostracism and emotional problems.
Conclusion
School belonging plays a critical role in identifying psychological risk and resilience among adolescents. Latent profile analysis offers a nuanced framework for developing targeted interventions to support students’ emotional and social well-being.
{"title":"Uncovering Latent Structures of School Belonging, Emotional Problems, Psychological Symptoms, Meaningful School, and Ostracism: A Latent Profile Analysis","authors":"Caner Doğrusever, Hacer Yıldırım Kurtuluş, Alican Kaya, Nuri Türk, Murat Yıldırım","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71163","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71163","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite increasing interest in school belonging, few studies have applied person-centered approaches to explore how emotional and psychological factors interact within adolescent populations. This study aimed to identify latent profiles of adolescents based on their experiences of school belonging, emotional problems, psychological symptoms, meaningful school engagement, and ostracism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A multidimensional construct was developed, incorporating indicators such as ignorance, exclusion, somatization, depression, anxiety, purpose enjoyment, responsible understanding, and prosociality. A convenience sample of 749 adolescents (64.4% female; <i>M<sub>age</sub></i> = 15.27, SD = 1.25) was recruited. Latent profile analysis was conducted to uncover distinct student profiles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four profiles emerged: (1) Distressed but Included—high emotional problems despite near-average ostracism; (2) Adaptive and Successful—high meaningful school engagement and prosociality with low emotional problems; (3) Balanced and Typical—normative levels across all indicators; and (4) Ostracized with Psychological Risk—the highest levels of ostracism and emotional problems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>School belonging plays a critical role in identifying psychological risk and resilience among adolescents. Latent profile analysis offers a nuanced framework for developing targeted interventions to support students’ emotional and social well-being.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12886749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146148998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meningioma is a common tumor of the adult central nervous system (CNS), but its origin remains unclear. Increasing evidence suggests that the gut microbiota affects CNS disorders through the “microbiota–gut–brain axis,” yet its link to meningioma is still uncertain. This study used Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore causal relationships between gut microbiota, serum metabolites, and meningioma, and to investigate potential mediation by serum metabolites.
Methods:
A two-sample MR framework was applied using publicly available genome-wide association study data on 473 gut microbial taxa, 1400 serum metabolites, and meningioma. Primary estimates were obtained using the inverse variance weighted method, with MR-Egger and weighted median methods as complementary approaches. A two-step MR was used to assess mediation. Sensitivity analyses were performed to confirm robustness.
Results:
Nineteen gut microbial taxa were causally associated with meningioma. A reverse causal association was identified only for Lachnospirales. A total of 49 serum metabolites showed potential causal associations, involving inflammatory, hormonal, and lipid pathways. Arachidonate (20:4n6) may mediate the effect of CAG−873 sp001701165 on meningioma.
Conclusion:
This study provides new insights into the causal roles of gut microbiota and metabolites in meningioma, suggesting novel prevention and treatment strategies.
{"title":"Causal Pathways Linking Gut Microbiota, Serum Metabolites, and Meningioma Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis","authors":"Xuanli Gong, Jinxiang Zhang, Mengjiao He, Xiaochen Zhang, Kelan Wang, Yulu Yang, Qingyun Zhao, Xin Zhao, Wei Zou","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71220","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71220","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Meningioma is a common tumor of the adult central nervous system (CNS), but its origin remains unclear. Increasing evidence suggests that the gut microbiota affects CNS disorders through the “microbiota–gut–brain axis,” yet its link to meningioma is still uncertain. This study used Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore causal relationships between gut microbiota, serum metabolites, and meningioma, and to investigate potential mediation by serum metabolites.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A two-sample MR framework was applied using publicly available genome-wide association study data on 473 gut microbial taxa, 1400 serum metabolites, and meningioma. Primary estimates were obtained using the inverse variance weighted method, with MR-Egger and weighted median methods as complementary approaches. A two-step MR was used to assess mediation. Sensitivity analyses were performed to confirm robustness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nineteen gut microbial taxa were causally associated with meningioma. A reverse causal association was identified only for Lachnospirales. A total of 49 serum metabolites showed potential causal associations, involving inflammatory, hormonal, and lipid pathways. Arachidonate (20:4n6) may mediate the effect of CAG−873 sp001701165 on meningioma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides new insights into the causal roles of gut microbiota and metabolites in meningioma, suggesting novel prevention and treatment strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12887442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146148911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peimanpak, F., Hosseinian, S. and Abdollahi, A. 2025. “Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the College Academic Perfectionism Scale (CAPS).” Brain and Behavior, 15. https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70368
In the section discussing the Levels of Self-Criticism (LOSC), the article mistakenly cites the following source:
Yamaguchi S., Y. Kawata, Y. Murofushi, and T. Ota 2022. “The Development and Validation of an Emotional Vulnerability Scale for University Students.” Front Psychol, 15. no. 13: 941250. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.941250.
However, this paper does not include the LOSC scale or report its reliability. The correct citation should be:
Yamaguchi, A., & Kim, M. S. 2013. “Effects of self-criticism and its relationship with depression across cultures.” International Journal of Psychological Studies5, no. 1: 1–1. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijps.v5n1p1
We apologize for this error.
Peimanpak， F, Hosseinian， S.和Abdollahi， A. 2025。波斯语版大学学业完美主义量表（CAPS）的心理测量特性。大脑与行为，15。https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70368In在讨论自我批评水平（LOSC）的部分，文章错误地引用了以下来源：Yamaguchi S.， Y. Kawata， Y. Murofushi和T. Ota 2022。大学生情绪脆弱性量表的编制与验证心理医生，15岁。否。13: 941250。https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.941250.However，本文不包含LOSC量表或报告其信度。正确的引用应该是：Yamaguchi， A., & Kim， M. S. 2013。“跨文化的自我批评的影响及其与抑郁症的关系。”《国际心理研究杂志》第5期。1: 1 - 1。https://doi.org/10.5539/ijps.v5n1p1We为这个错误道歉。
{"title":"Correction to “Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the College Academic Perfectionism Scale (CAPS)”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71160","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71160","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Peimanpak, F., Hosseinian, S. and Abdollahi, A. 2025. “Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the College Academic Perfectionism Scale (CAPS).” <i>Brain and Behavior</i>, <b>15</b>. https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70368</p><p>In the section discussing the Levels of Self-Criticism (LOSC), the article mistakenly cites the following source:</p><p>Yamaguchi S., Y. Kawata, Y. Murofushi, and T. Ota 2022. “The Development and Validation of an Emotional Vulnerability Scale for University Students.” <i>Front Psychol</i>, <b>15</b>. no. 13: 941250. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.941250.</p><p>However, this paper does not include the LOSC scale or report its reliability. The correct citation should be:</p><p>Yamaguchi, A., & Kim, M. S. 2013. “Effects of self-criticism and its relationship with depression across cultures.” <i>International Journal of Psychological Studies</i> <b>5</b>, no. 1: 1–1. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijps.v5n1p1</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12883667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146141241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asim Shah, F. N. U Sawaira, Misbahuddin, Muneeb Shad Mohmand, Suleman Khan, Zaryab Bacha, Hammad Iftikhar, Asad Jamal, Fazia Khattak, Aizaz Anwar Khalid, Aamer Syed, Kamil Ahmad Kamil
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Acute suicidality is an emergency psychiatric condition that requires urgent treatment. Traditional treatment approaches, such as antidepressant pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, take weeks to achieve optimal effectiveness, hence exposing patients in imminent crisis to significant risk. Ketamine is a fast-acting N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist that has been suggested as a possible treatment option for suicidality. The current meta-analysis aims at comparing the relative efficacy and safety of ketamine with midazolam, an active sedative/anxiolytic comparator used in ketamine trials to support masking/blinding and control nonspecific acute effects, for reducing suicidal ideation and co-occurring depression severity.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>The systematic search was done on PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central databases by July 2025. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that involved ketamine and midazolam in adults with acute suicidality were chosen. The major outcomes were the variations in suicidal ideation as assessed by the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale—Suicidal Ideation item (MADRS-SI) and Beck Scale of Suicide Ideation (BSS). Additional outcomes were the severity of depression in general (Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score) and adverse events. Pooled effects were calculated using a random-effects model.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>This systematic review comprised ten randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 649 participants. The meta-analysis showed that the administration of ketamine was linked to a considerable decrease in suicidal ideation in comparison to midazolam with mean differences of −1.23 points on the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-SI; 95% confidence interval (CI) −2.14 to −0.32) and −4.30 points on the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSS; 95% CI −8.01 to −0.59). Ketamine was also associated with reduced severity of depressive symptoms compared to midazolam, with a difference of −6.23 (95% CI −10.37 to −2.08) on the MADRS total score. At the same time, adverse events such as nausea, emotional disturbance, derealization, and dizziness were much more frequent in the ketamine group.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>Ketamine is much more effective than midazolam in the short-term improvement of suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in adult patients with acute suicidality. Despite the fact that ketamine is linked to increased rates of transient adverse effects, its
背景：急性自杀是一种需要紧急治疗的紧急精神疾病。传统的治疗方法，如抗抑郁药物治疗和心理治疗，需要数周才能达到最佳效果，因此使即将面临危机的患者面临重大风险。氯胺酮是一种速效n -甲基- d -天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体拮抗剂，已被建议作为一种可能的自杀治疗选择。当前的荟萃分析旨在比较氯胺酮与咪达唑仑的相对疗效和安全性，咪达唑仑是氯胺酮试验中使用的一种活性镇静/抗焦虑比较剂，用于支持掩盖/盲化和控制非特异性急性效应，以减少自杀意念和共发生的抑郁严重程度。方法：到2025年7月在PubMed、Embase和Cochrane Central数据库进行系统检索。随机对照试验（RCTs）涉及氯胺酮和咪达唑仑成人急性自杀选择。以Montgomery-Åsberg抑郁评定量表-自杀意念项目（MADRS-SI）和Beck自杀意念量表（BSS）评估自杀意念的差异为主要结果。其他结果是一般抑郁的严重程度（Montgomery-Åsberg抑郁评定量表（MADRS）总分）和不良事件。使用随机效应模型计算合并效应。结果：本系统综述包括10项随机对照试验（rct）， 649名受试者。荟萃分析显示，与咪达唑仑相比，氯胺酮的使用与自杀意念的显著降低有关，在Montgomery-Åsberg抑郁评定量表（MADRS-SI； 95%可信区间(CI) -2.14至-0.32）和贝克自杀意念量表（BSS; 95% CI -8.01至-0.59）上的平均差异为-1.23分。与咪达唑仑相比，氯胺酮也与抑郁症状的严重程度降低有关，MADRS总分的差异为-6.23 （95% CI -10.37至-2.08）。与此同时，恶心、情绪障碍、现实障碍和头晕等不良事件在氯胺酮组中更为频繁。结论：氯胺酮在短期内改善成年急性自杀患者的自杀意念和抑郁症状明显优于咪达唑仑。尽管事实上氯胺酮与短暂性不良反应的发生率增加有关，但它的快速作用使其成为紧急精神治疗中特别有吸引力的干预措施。因此，需要进一步的研究来阐明该药物的长期有效性并优化最佳治疗方案。
{"title":"Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Ketamine Versus Midazolam for Suicidality: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","authors":"Asim Shah, F. N. U Sawaira, Misbahuddin, Muneeb Shad Mohmand, Suleman Khan, Zaryab Bacha, Hammad Iftikhar, Asad Jamal, Fazia Khattak, Aizaz Anwar Khalid, Aamer Syed, Kamil Ahmad Kamil","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71255","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71255","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acute suicidality is an emergency psychiatric condition that requires urgent treatment. Traditional treatment approaches, such as antidepressant pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, take weeks to achieve optimal effectiveness, hence exposing patients in imminent crisis to significant risk. Ketamine is a fast-acting N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist that has been suggested as a possible treatment option for suicidality. The current meta-analysis aims at comparing the relative efficacy and safety of ketamine with midazolam, an active sedative/anxiolytic comparator used in ketamine trials to support masking/blinding and control nonspecific acute effects, for reducing suicidal ideation and co-occurring depression severity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The systematic search was done on PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central databases by July 2025. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that involved ketamine and midazolam in adults with acute suicidality were chosen. The major outcomes were the variations in suicidal ideation as assessed by the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale—Suicidal Ideation item (MADRS-SI) and Beck Scale of Suicide Ideation (BSS). Additional outcomes were the severity of depression in general (Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score) and adverse events. Pooled effects were calculated using a random-effects model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This systematic review comprised ten randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 649 participants. The meta-analysis showed that the administration of ketamine was linked to a considerable decrease in suicidal ideation in comparison to midazolam with mean differences of −1.23 points on the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-SI; 95% confidence interval (CI) −2.14 to −0.32) and −4.30 points on the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSS; 95% CI −8.01 to −0.59). Ketamine was also associated with reduced severity of depressive symptoms compared to midazolam, with a difference of −6.23 (95% CI −10.37 to −2.08) on the MADRS total score. At the same time, adverse events such as nausea, emotional disturbance, derealization, and dizziness were much more frequent in the ketamine group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ketamine is much more effective than midazolam in the short-term improvement of suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in adult patients with acute suicidality. Despite the fact that ketamine is linked to increased rates of transient adverse effects, its","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12883703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146141153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhang X, Ma Y, Gao G, Wu Q. Aggregation and Propagation of α-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease: A Bibliometric Perspective. Brain Behav. 2025;15(11):e71023. doi:10.1002/brb3.71023
In sections “3.2 Distribution of Countries” and “3.3 Collaboration Among Countries,” as well as in Figure 2, all instances of “countries” should be corrected to “countries/regions.”
In paragraph 1 of the “3.3 Collaboration Among Countries” section, the text “A national collaboration network illustrated these cooperative relationships (Figure 2E).” was incorrect. This should have read: “An international collaboration network illustrated these cooperative relationships (Figure 2E).”
{"title":"Correction to “Aggregation and Propagation of α-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease: A Bibliometric Perspective”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71156","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71156","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Zhang X, Ma Y, Gao G, Wu Q. Aggregation and Propagation of α-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease: A Bibliometric Perspective. Brain Behav. 2025;15(11):e71023. doi:10.1002/brb3.71023</p><p>In sections “3.2 Distribution of Countries” and “3.3 Collaboration Among Countries,” as well as in Figure 2, all instances of “countries” should be corrected to “countries/regions.”</p><p>In paragraph 1 of the “3.3 Collaboration Among Countries” section, the text “A national collaboration network illustrated these cooperative relationships (Figure 2E).” was incorrect. This should have read: “An international collaboration network illustrated these cooperative relationships (Figure 2E).”</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12883704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146141247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mimi Li, Shujuan Wu, Xiaofang Ye, Binbin Yu, Wanli Huang, Lichao Ye, Chunnuan Chen
Background
Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) emerged as an innovative marker for insulin resistance, and this study was designed to investigate the connection between eGDR and depressive symptoms.
Methods
Information from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was processed within the cross-sectional research. Relationships between depressive symptoms and eGDR were examined using weighted logistic regression models, restricted cubic splines (RCS), sensitivity analyses, and subgroup comparisons. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis assessed the capacity for prediction of eGDR, relative to triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Mediation analysis was also applied to assess cardiometabolic index (CMI)’s potential role in the eGDR-depression relationship.
Results:
This analysis comprised 12,191 individuals stratified by eGDR tertiles (T1: <6.15; T2: 6.15–9.44; T3: ≥9.44 mg/kg/min). Multivariate logistic regression, adjusted for covariates, found that T3 had a significantly lower odds ratio for depressive symptoms than T1 (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.48–0.97). RCS curves confirmed a linear trend (P for non-linearity = 0.764). The negative association was particularly evident in participants under 60, non-Hispanic Black individuals, those living alone, and those without cardiovascular disease. ROC analysis indicated that eGDR had better discriminative power for depressive symptoms than TyG, HOMA-IR, and HbA1c (p < 0.05). Additionally, CMI mediated approximately 11.2% (95% CI: 4.2%–32.7%) of the total effect of eGDR on depressive symptoms.
Conclusions
Higher eGDR correlates with lower likelihood of depressive symptoms, with CMI acting as a mediator. Reducing insulin resistance and monitoring CMI could help decrease the occurrence of depression.
{"title":"Cardiometabolic Index as a Mediator in the Association Between Estimated Glucose Disposal Rate and Depressive Symptoms: A Population-Based Study","authors":"Mimi Li, Shujuan Wu, Xiaofang Ye, Binbin Yu, Wanli Huang, Lichao Ye, Chunnuan Chen","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71247","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71247","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) emerged as an innovative marker for insulin resistance, and this study was designed to investigate the connection between eGDR and depressive symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Information from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was processed within the cross-sectional research. Relationships between depressive symptoms and eGDR were examined using weighted logistic regression models, restricted cubic splines (RCS), sensitivity analyses, and subgroup comparisons. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis assessed the capacity for prediction of eGDR, relative to triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Mediation analysis was also applied to assess cardiometabolic index (CMI)’s potential role in the eGDR-depression relationship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This analysis comprised 12,191 individuals stratified by eGDR tertiles (T1: <6.15; T2: 6.15–9.44; T3: ≥9.44 mg/kg/min). Multivariate logistic regression, adjusted for covariates, found that T3 had a significantly lower odds ratio for depressive symptoms than T1 (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.48–0.97). RCS curves confirmed a linear trend (P for non-linearity = 0.764). The negative association was particularly evident in participants under 60, non-Hispanic Black individuals, those living alone, and those without cardiovascular disease. ROC analysis indicated that eGDR had better discriminative power for depressive symptoms than TyG, HOMA-IR, and HbA1c (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, CMI mediated approximately 11.2% (95% CI: 4.2%–32.7%) of the total effect of eGDR on depressive symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher eGDR correlates with lower likelihood of depressive symptoms, with CMI acting as a mediator. Reducing insulin resistance and monitoring CMI could help decrease the occurrence of depression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12876042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146123865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Husna Irfan Thalib, Nuha Fatima, Faaleha Heba Fakruddin, Hosna Hamidullah Ali, Sariya Khan, Mohammed Talha Mohammed Zubair, Mable Pereira, Fatma E. Sayed Hassan
<div> <section> <h3> Purpose</h3> <p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by progressive disability. Emerging evidence has implicated gut microbiome dysbiosis, characterized by decreased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing taxa and increased pro-inflammatory species, in disturbed immune signaling, T-helper17/T-regulatory cells imbalance, disturbed tryptophan metabolism, and disrupted integrity of the blood–brain barrier. In this review, we summarize the mechanistic and therapeutic insights from studies that have explored the gut microbiome in MS.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Method</h3> <p>We performed a literature search in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov from database inception to January 2025; only English-language articles were included, comprising human MS cohorts and preclinical experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models. Of these, approximately 95 human and preclinical studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Evidence synthesis was narrative, without meta-analysis.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Finding</h3> <p>There has been a consistent depletion of beneficial genera such as Faecalibacterium and Roseburia, expansion of Akkermansia muciniphila, and reduction in microbial metabolites such as butyrate, propionate, and neuroactive indole derivatives in MS patients across studies. These changes promote intestinal permeability, exaggerated pro-inflammatory cytokine responses, and microglial activation. The therapeutic approach of restoring microbial balance includes therapies such as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and dietary interventions. Early trials have shown modest improvements in relapse rates, fatigue, immune profiles, and microbiome composition. Results across randomized studies are heterogeneous, with no significant clinical benefit in several. Pilot trials report modest reductions in relapse rate (RR ≈ 0.85) and fatigue (Cohen's <i>d</i> ≈ 0.3), but several double‑blind RCTs showed no significant benefit (<i>p</i> > 0.05) in up to 40% of participants, highlighting variable effect sizes.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>Interventions aimed at the microbiome are promising as adjunct approaches to the treatment of MS, acting principally through the restoration of SCFAs, immune modulation, and strengthening of the gut-brain axis. Larger, longer-term randomized trials are required to confirm clinical efficacy, define responder phenotypes, and inform personalized microbiome-based ther
目的：多发性硬化症（MS）是一种以进行性残疾为特征的中枢神经系统慢性自身免疫性疾病。新出现的证据表明肠道微生物群失调，其特征是产生短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）的分类群减少，促炎物种增加，免疫信号紊乱，t-辅助17/ t调节细胞失衡，色氨酸代谢紊乱，血脑屏障完整性破坏。在这篇综述中，我们总结了从探索ms肠道微生物组的研究中获得的机制和治疗见解。方法：我们在PubMed， Scopus， Web of Science和ClinicalTrials.gov上进行了文献检索，从数据库建立到2025年1月；仅纳入英文文章，包括人类MS队列和临床前实验自身免疫性脑脊髓炎模型。其中，大约95项人类和临床前研究符合纳入标准。证据合成是叙述性的，没有荟萃分析。发现：在所有研究中，MS患者的有益菌如Faecalibacterium和Roseburia持续减少，嗜muciniphila扩增，微生物代谢物如丁酸盐、丙酸盐和神经活性吲哚衍生物减少。这些变化促进肠道通透性，夸大促炎细胞因子反应和小胶质细胞活化。恢复微生物平衡的治疗方法包括益生菌、益生元、合成菌、粪便微生物群移植和饮食干预等治疗方法。早期试验显示，在复发率、疲劳、免疫谱和微生物组成方面有适度的改善。随机研究的结果是不一致的，在一些研究中没有明显的临床获益。试点试验报告了复发率（RR≈0.85）和疲劳（Cohen’s d≈0.3）的适度降低，但几项双盲随机对照试验显示，多达40%的参与者没有显著的获益（p < 0.05），突出了不同的效应大小。结论：针对微生物组的干预措施有望作为MS治疗的辅助方法，主要通过修复scfa、免疫调节和加强肠-脑轴起作用。需要更大规模、更长期的随机试验来确认临床疗效，确定应答者表型，并为基于微生物组的个性化治疗提供信息。
{"title":"Modulating the Gut Microbiome as a Therapeutic Approach in Multiple Sclerosis: Implications for Gut-Brain Interactions and Immune Pathways: A Narrative Review","authors":"Husna Irfan Thalib, Nuha Fatima, Faaleha Heba Fakruddin, Hosna Hamidullah Ali, Sariya Khan, Mohammed Talha Mohammed Zubair, Mable Pereira, Fatma E. Sayed Hassan","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71254","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71254","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by progressive disability. Emerging evidence has implicated gut microbiome dysbiosis, characterized by decreased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing taxa and increased pro-inflammatory species, in disturbed immune signaling, T-helper17/T-regulatory cells imbalance, disturbed tryptophan metabolism, and disrupted integrity of the blood–brain barrier. In this review, we summarize the mechanistic and therapeutic insights from studies that have explored the gut microbiome in MS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed a literature search in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov from database inception to January 2025; only English-language articles were included, comprising human MS cohorts and preclinical experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models. Of these, approximately 95 human and preclinical studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Evidence synthesis was narrative, without meta-analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Finding</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There has been a consistent depletion of beneficial genera such as Faecalibacterium and Roseburia, expansion of Akkermansia muciniphila, and reduction in microbial metabolites such as butyrate, propionate, and neuroactive indole derivatives in MS patients across studies. These changes promote intestinal permeability, exaggerated pro-inflammatory cytokine responses, and microglial activation. The therapeutic approach of restoring microbial balance includes therapies such as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and dietary interventions. Early trials have shown modest improvements in relapse rates, fatigue, immune profiles, and microbiome composition. Results across randomized studies are heterogeneous, with no significant clinical benefit in several. Pilot trials report modest reductions in relapse rate (RR ≈ 0.85) and fatigue (Cohen's <i>d</i> ≈ 0.3), but several double‑blind RCTs showed no significant benefit (<i>p</i> > 0.05) in up to 40% of participants, highlighting variable effect sizes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Interventions aimed at the microbiome are promising as adjunct approaches to the treatment of MS, acting principally through the restoration of SCFAs, immune modulation, and strengthening of the gut-brain axis. Larger, longer-term randomized trials are required to confirm clinical efficacy, define responder phenotypes, and inform personalized microbiome-based ther","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.71254","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146123852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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