Lanfeng Lai, Zhennan Wu, Jiayi Zhao, Jiahuan Li, Boxiong Wu, Han Yang, Nenggui Xu, Wei Yi
Introduction
Preliminary studies have indicated that acupuncture may play a role in the management of negative emotions in patients with PCOS. However, the available evidence is predominantly of low quality. Consequently, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the validity of acupuncture as a therapeutic modality for treating negative emotional symptoms in patients with PCOS.
Methods
A meticulous search of nine databases was performed to identify randomized controlled trials assessing the effectiveness of acupuncture in the management of negative emotions in individuals diagnosed with PCOS. The principal outcome was evaluated using the SDS and SAS scales, while secondary outcomes encompassed the Rosenfield scores, Ferriman–Gallwey (F–G) scores, and BMI. The risk of bias was appraised with the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool. The certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) system.
Results
This meta-analysis synthesized the findings of seven studies that collectively provided evidence supporting the hypothesis that acupuncture may be more effective than drug treatment in alleviating SDS. However, the findings did not demonstrate significant efficacy in improving SAS. The analysis further revealed that acupuncture could effectively improve the F–G score in patients with PCOS, although it was not significantly effective for the Rosenfield score. The GRADE assessment assigned a low level of certainty to the SDS and F–G scores and a very low level of certainty to the SAS, Rosenfield, and BMI scores, emphasizing the necessity for additional high-quality RCTs to validate these findings.
Conclusion
This study identified the potential of acupuncture in alleviating depression in patients with PCOS. Nonetheless, the evidence substantiating these findings was restricted by the poor quality of the included RCTs, precluding the drawing of definitive conclusions. Until more substantial evidence emerges, caution should be exercised regarding assertions of the therapeutic potential of acupuncture for treating negative emotions associated with PCOS.
初步研究表明，针灸可能在PCOS患者的负性情绪管理中发挥作用。然而，现有的证据主要是低质量的。因此，进行了一项荟萃分析，以评估针灸作为治疗多囊卵巢综合征患者负性情绪症状的治疗方式的有效性。方法：对9个数据库进行了细致的检索，以确定评估针灸治疗PCOS患者负性情绪有效性的随机对照试验。主要结局采用SDS和SAS量表进行评估，次要结局包括Rosenfield评分、Ferriman-Gallwey （F-G）评分和BMI。偏倚风险评价采用Cochrane RoB 2.0工具。使用GRADE（建议评估、发展和评价分级）系统评估证据的确定性。结果：本荟萃分析综合了七项研究的结果，这些研究共同提供了证据支持针灸在缓解SDS方面可能比药物治疗更有效的假设。然而，研究结果并没有显示出显著的改善SAS的功效。进一步分析发现，针刺可有效提高PCOS患者的F-G评分，但对Rosenfield评分无显著影响。GRADE评估对SDS和F-G评分的确定度很低，对SAS、Rosenfield和BMI评分的确定度很低，强调需要额外的高质量随机对照试验来验证这些发现。结论：本研究确定了针灸在减轻多囊卵巢综合征患者抑郁方面的潜力。然而，证实这些发现的证据受到纳入的随机对照试验质量差的限制，因此无法得出明确的结论。在更多实质性证据出现之前，我们应该谨慎对待针灸治疗多囊卵巢综合征相关负面情绪的治疗潜力。
{"title":"Efficacy of Acupuncture in Alleviating Negative Emotions in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Lanfeng Lai, Zhennan Wu, Jiayi Zhao, Jiahuan Li, Boxiong Wu, Han Yang, Nenggui Xu, Wei Yi","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71129","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71129","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preliminary studies have indicated that acupuncture may play a role in the management of negative emotions in patients with PCOS. However, the available evidence is predominantly of low quality. Consequently, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the validity of acupuncture as a therapeutic modality for treating negative emotional symptoms in patients with PCOS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A meticulous search of nine databases was performed to identify randomized controlled trials assessing the effectiveness of acupuncture in the management of negative emotions in individuals diagnosed with PCOS. The principal outcome was evaluated using the SDS and SAS scales, while secondary outcomes encompassed the Rosenfield scores, Ferriman–Gallwey (F–G) scores, and BMI. The risk of bias was appraised with the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool. The certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This meta-analysis synthesized the findings of seven studies that collectively provided evidence supporting the hypothesis that acupuncture may be more effective than drug treatment in alleviating SDS. However, the findings did not demonstrate significant efficacy in improving SAS. The analysis further revealed that acupuncture could effectively improve the F–G score in patients with PCOS, although it was not significantly effective for the Rosenfield score. The GRADE assessment assigned a low level of certainty to the SDS and F–G scores and a very low level of certainty to the SAS, Rosenfield, and BMI scores, emphasizing the necessity for additional high-quality RCTs to validate these findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study identified the potential of acupuncture in alleviating depression in patients with PCOS. Nonetheless, the evidence substantiating these findings was restricted by the poor quality of the included RCTs, precluding the drawing of definitive conclusions. Until more substantial evidence emerges, caution should be exercised regarding assertions of the therapeutic potential of acupuncture for treating negative emotions associated with PCOS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12710442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145766597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jin-Sun Jun, Nyeonju Kang, Kyeongho Byun, Kiwon Park, Ryul Kim
Introduction
Neutrophil and lymphocyte levels and their ratio, the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), in the peripheral blood provide accessible indices of systemic inflammatory activity. In this study, we evaluated whether these blood markers are linked to motor symptoms and cognitive performance during the prodromal stage of Parkinson's disease (PD).
Methods
We analyzed data from the prodromal cohort of the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative, which included 1,269 individuals with prodromal PD features (isolated REM sleep behavior disorder [RBD]: n = 116, isolated hyposmia: n = 570, combined: n = 583) and 284 healthy controls. Motor impairment was measured using the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part 3, while cognition was assessed through a broad neuropsychological test battery.
Results
Compared with controls, participants with prodromal PD had lower lymphocyte counts (p < 0.001) and higher NLR values (p = 0.008), whereas neutrophil counts did not differ between the groups (p = 0.749). No significant differences were observed across prodromal phenotypes for these markers. Correlation analysis demonstrated that NLR, but not neutrophil or lymphocyte counts alone, was associated with more severe motor impairment after false discovery rate correction (Q = 0.011). This relationship was evident in participants with both RBD and hyposmia and those with hyposmia only. However, the interaction between phenotype and NLR on motor severity was not significant. There were no significant associations of neutrophil or lymphocyte profiles with cognitive performance.
Conclusion
Our findings indicate that higher NLR, largely reflecting reduced lymphocyte levels, is already present in the prodromal phase of PD and relates to the severity of motor symptoms. Prospective longitudinal studies are needed to clarify whether NLR has predictive value for progression to overt PD.
{"title":"Association of Peripheral Blood Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio With Motor and Cognitive Function in Prodromal Parkinson's Disease","authors":"Jin-Sun Jun, Nyeonju Kang, Kyeongho Byun, Kiwon Park, Ryul Kim","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71141","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71141","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neutrophil and lymphocyte levels and their ratio, the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), in the peripheral blood provide accessible indices of systemic inflammatory activity. In this study, we evaluated whether these blood markers are linked to motor symptoms and cognitive performance during the prodromal stage of Parkinson's disease (PD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed data from the prodromal cohort of the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative, which included 1,269 individuals with prodromal PD features (isolated REM sleep behavior disorder [RBD]: <i>n</i> = 116, isolated hyposmia: <i>n</i> = 570, combined: <i>n</i> = 583) and 284 healthy controls. Motor impairment was measured using the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part 3, while cognition was assessed through a broad neuropsychological test battery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared with controls, participants with prodromal PD had lower lymphocyte counts (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and higher NLR values (<i>p</i> = 0.008), whereas neutrophil counts did not differ between the groups (<i>p</i> = 0.749). No significant differences were observed across prodromal phenotypes for these markers. Correlation analysis demonstrated that NLR, but not neutrophil or lymphocyte counts alone, was associated with more severe motor impairment after false discovery rate correction (Q = 0.011). This relationship was evident in participants with both RBD and hyposmia and those with hyposmia only. However, the interaction between phenotype and NLR on motor severity was not significant. There were no significant associations of neutrophil or lymphocyte profiles with cognitive performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings indicate that higher NLR, largely reflecting reduced lymphocyte levels, is already present in the prodromal phase of PD and relates to the severity of motor symptoms. Prospective longitudinal studies are needed to clarify whether NLR has predictive value for progression to overt PD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12712348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145773392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saifullah Khan, Muhammad Hassan, Muhammad Hussain, Wania Fatima, Javeria Nawaz, F. N. U. Pirih, Aiza Ahsan, Nisha Khalid, Mariam Qaisar, Sherif Eltawansy, Muhammad Khalid Afridi, Preet Memon, Raheel Ahmed, Hasibullah Aminpoor
<div> <section> <h3> Introduction</h3> <p>Despite growing multimorbidity rates, older adults, particularly those with dementia, remain underrepresented in cardiovascular research. Most research on CAD excludes individuals with cognitive impairment, leaving a gap in our understanding of how dementia and CAD affect mortality. This study bridges that gap by examining 25-year nationwide trends in dementia and CAD-related mortality among elderly in the United States.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We performed a descriptive trend analysis using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) Multiple Cause-of-Death data (1999–2023). Deaths with International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes I20–I25 (CAD) and F01, F03, G30 (dementia) were included if either appeared anywhere on the death certificate. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 population were calculated and stratified by sex, race/ethnicity, state, census region, place of death, and urban/rural status. Average AAMRs were calculated by using the AVERAGE Excel function for the entire study period. Joinpoint regression with annual percentage change (APC), average APC (AAPC), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate temporal changes. The threshold for statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>In adults aged ≥65 years, dementia with CAD was the cause of 1,256,284 deaths between 1999 and 2023. More than half took place in long-term care institutions. Overall, the AAMR trend showed no statistically significant change (AAPC: −0.23; <i>p</i> = 0.325). The average AAMRs of males were greater than those of females (127.75 vs. 109.83). Non-Hispanic (NH) Whites had the highest average AAMRs (121.59). Regionally, average AAMRs were highest in the Midwest (123.02), followed by Northeast, South, and West. Average AAMRs were highest in rural areas (129.73 vs. 117.12 in urban areas) with a statistically significant upward trend in rural AAMRs (AAPC: 1.16; <i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas urban rates remained stable. Subgroup analysis revealed highest mortality burden associated with vascular dementia-related CAD (AAPC = 8.49).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>Among the elderly, dementia with CAD continues to cause significant mortality in the United States, particularly in males, rural regions, and long-term care settings. These findings highlight an urgent need for inclusive cardiovascular research and health car
{"title":"Trends and Disparities in Dementia Among Older Adults With Coronary Artery Disease, 1999–2023: Insights From the CDC WONDER Database","authors":"Saifullah Khan, Muhammad Hassan, Muhammad Hussain, Wania Fatima, Javeria Nawaz, F. N. U. Pirih, Aiza Ahsan, Nisha Khalid, Mariam Qaisar, Sherif Eltawansy, Muhammad Khalid Afridi, Preet Memon, Raheel Ahmed, Hasibullah Aminpoor","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71125","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71125","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite growing multimorbidity rates, older adults, particularly those with dementia, remain underrepresented in cardiovascular research. Most research on CAD excludes individuals with cognitive impairment, leaving a gap in our understanding of how dementia and CAD affect mortality. This study bridges that gap by examining 25-year nationwide trends in dementia and CAD-related mortality among elderly in the United States.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed a descriptive trend analysis using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) Multiple Cause-of-Death data (1999–2023). Deaths with International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes I20–I25 (CAD) and F01, F03, G30 (dementia) were included if either appeared anywhere on the death certificate. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 population were calculated and stratified by sex, race/ethnicity, state, census region, place of death, and urban/rural status. Average AAMRs were calculated by using the AVERAGE Excel function for the entire study period. Joinpoint regression with annual percentage change (APC), average APC (AAPC), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate temporal changes. The threshold for statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In adults aged ≥65 years, dementia with CAD was the cause of 1,256,284 deaths between 1999 and 2023. More than half took place in long-term care institutions. Overall, the AAMR trend showed no statistically significant change (AAPC: −0.23; <i>p</i> = 0.325). The average AAMRs of males were greater than those of females (127.75 vs. 109.83). Non-Hispanic (NH) Whites had the highest average AAMRs (121.59). Regionally, average AAMRs were highest in the Midwest (123.02), followed by Northeast, South, and West. Average AAMRs were highest in rural areas (129.73 vs. 117.12 in urban areas) with a statistically significant upward trend in rural AAMRs (AAPC: 1.16; <i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas urban rates remained stable. Subgroup analysis revealed highest mortality burden associated with vascular dementia-related CAD (AAPC = 8.49).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the elderly, dementia with CAD continues to cause significant mortality in the United States, particularly in males, rural regions, and long-term care settings. These findings highlight an urgent need for inclusive cardiovascular research and health car","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12710092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145766850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohannad A. Alzain, Ahmed K. Shukri, Abdullah Ahmed Qahti, Abdulaziz Hassan Abdullah Alali, Mohammed R. Algethami, Najim Z. Alshahrani
Objectives
Despite the increasing trend of social media (SM) use in Saudi Arabia, few studies have examined the prevalence of social media addiction (SMA) and its psychological correlates, including loneliness and fear of missing out (FoMO), particularly among young adults. The purposes of this investigation were to: (i) assess the prevalence of SMA among Saudi young adults and (ii) evaluate how loneliness and FoMO are correlated to SMA.
Methods
Data for cross-sectional study were obtained from students, representing young adults, enrolled in three public universities in Saudi Arabia. Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale, Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-6) and Fear of Missing Out Scale were utilized to assess SMA, loneliness and FoMO, respectively. Linear regression models were applied to explore the predictors of SMA.
Results
A total of 978 young adults participated in this study (average age 22.6 years). Half of the participants (52.8%) were addicted to SM. According to the adjusted linear regression model (adjusted R2 = 0.804), the mean SMA score increased by 0.90 and 0.28 units for every unit increase in loneliness (regression coefficient, β = 0.90, 95% confidence interval, 95% CI = 0.86–0.94, p < 0.001) and FoMO (β = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.17–0.49, p < 0.018) scores, respectively.
Conclusions
Loneliness and FoMO were significant predictors of SMA. These findings can benefit policymakers in developing and implementing public health policies related to SM use and psychological well-being in Saudi Arabia.
{"title":"Are Loneliness and Fear of Missing Out Linked to Social Media Addiction? Insights From a Cross-Sectional Study Among Young Adults in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Mohannad A. Alzain, Ahmed K. Shukri, Abdullah Ahmed Qahti, Abdulaziz Hassan Abdullah Alali, Mohammed R. Algethami, Najim Z. Alshahrani","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71137","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71137","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite the increasing trend of social media (SM) use in Saudi Arabia, few studies have examined the prevalence of social media addiction (SMA) and its psychological correlates, including loneliness and fear of missing out (FoMO), particularly among young adults. The purposes of this investigation were to: (i) assess the prevalence of SMA among Saudi young adults and (ii) evaluate how loneliness and FoMO are correlated to SMA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data for cross-sectional study were obtained from students, representing young adults, enrolled in three public universities in Saudi Arabia. <i>Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale</i>, <i>Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-6)</i> and <i>Fear of Missing Out Scale</i> were utilized to assess SMA, loneliness and FoMO, respectively. Linear regression models were applied to explore the predictors of SMA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 978 young adults participated in this study (average age 22.6 years). Half of the participants (52.8%) were addicted to SM. According to the adjusted linear regression model (adjusted <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.804), the mean SMA score increased by 0.90 and 0.28 units for every unit increase in loneliness (regression coefficient, <i>β</i> = 0.90, 95% confidence interval, 95% CI = 0.86–0.94, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and FoMO (<i>β</i> = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.17–0.49, p < 0.018) scores, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Loneliness and FoMO were significant predictors of SMA. These findings can benefit policymakers in developing and implementing public health policies related to SM use and psychological well-being in Saudi Arabia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12710093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145767302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jun-ying Li, Jun Li, Zhong-jiao Lu, Wen Zhou, Yan-hui Li, Yong-jiang Luo, Xue-min Zhong, Jian Wang, Jing Gou, Lan-ying He
Background and purpose:
Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) are primary treatments for acute ischemic stroke (AIS), but their efficacy is limited. This study aims to evaluate the short-term predictive value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in AIS patients undergoing reperfusion therapies.
Method
AIS patients who underwent IVT and/or EVT at Chengdu Second People's Hospital were continuously enrolled from January 2020 to September 2024. NLR was calculated from blood samples taken before treatment. Primary outcomes were functional status at discharge (assessed using the modified Rankin Scale [mRS]), while secondary outcomes included in-hospital mortality and any intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Statistical analyses included logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Results
Among 817 patients, 327 (40.0%) exhibited poor functional outcomes at discharge. NLR positively correlated with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (ρ = 0.298, p < 0.001). Univariate analysis showed a significant association between NLR and poor functional outcomes at discharge, higher in-hospital mortality, and increased ICH incidence. After adjusting for confounders, NLR remained an independent predictor of functional outcomes (odds ratio 1.092; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.006–1.185; p = 0.036). ROC analysis showed that NLR could predict functional outcomes with a cutoff value of 3.66 and an area under the curve of 0.679 (95% CI 0.641–0.717, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
NLR is an independent predictor of short-term functional outcomes and complications in AIS patients receiving reperfusion therapies, serving as a valuable tool for early prognosis and clinical decision-making.
背景与目的：静脉溶栓（IVT）和血管内取栓（EVT）是急性缺血性脑卒中（AIS）的主要治疗方法，但其疗效有限。本研究旨在评估中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）在AIS患者再灌注治疗中的短期预测价值。方法：自2020年1月至2024年9月，连续招募成都市第二人民医院行静脉内腔和/或EVT的AIS患者。NLR根据治疗前采集的血液样本计算。主要结局是出院时的功能状态（使用改进的Rankin量表[mRS]评估），而次要结局包括住院死亡率和颅内出血（ICH）。统计分析包括logistic回归和受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析。结果：在817例患者中，327例（40.0%）在出院时表现为功能不良。NLR与美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分呈正相关（ρ = 0.298, p < 0.001）。单因素分析显示NLR与出院时不良功能结局、较高住院死亡率和脑出血发生率增加之间存在显著关联。在调整混杂因素后，NLR仍然是功能结局的独立预测因子（优势比1.092；95%可信区间[CI] 1.006-1.185; p = 0.036）。ROC分析显示NLR可以预测功能结局，截断值为3.66，曲线下面积为0.679 （95% CI 0.641-0.717, p < 0.001）。结论：NLR是AIS患者接受再灌注治疗的短期功能结局和并发症的独立预测指标，是早期预后和临床决策的重要工具。
{"title":"Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as an Independent Predictor of Adverse Short-Term Functional Outcomes After Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke","authors":"Jun-ying Li, Jun Li, Zhong-jiao Lu, Wen Zhou, Yan-hui Li, Yong-jiang Luo, Xue-min Zhong, Jian Wang, Jing Gou, Lan-ying He","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71122","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71122","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and purpose:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) are primary treatments for acute ischemic stroke (AIS), but their efficacy is limited. This study aims to evaluate the short-term predictive value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in AIS patients undergoing reperfusion therapies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AIS patients who underwent IVT and/or EVT at Chengdu Second People's Hospital were continuously enrolled from January 2020 to September 2024. NLR was calculated from blood samples taken before treatment. Primary outcomes were functional status at discharge (assessed using the modified Rankin Scale [mRS]), while secondary outcomes included in-hospital mortality and any intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Statistical analyses included logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 817 patients, 327 (40.0%) exhibited poor functional outcomes at discharge. NLR positively correlated with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (<i>ρ</i> = 0.298, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Univariate analysis showed a significant association between NLR and poor functional outcomes at discharge, higher in-hospital mortality, and increased ICH incidence. After adjusting for confounders, NLR remained an independent predictor of functional outcomes (odds ratio 1.092; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.006–1.185; <i>p</i> = 0.036). ROC analysis showed that NLR could predict functional outcomes with a cutoff value of 3.66 and an area under the curve of 0.679 (95% CI 0.641–0.717, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NLR is an independent predictor of short-term functional outcomes and complications in AIS patients receiving reperfusion therapies, serving as a valuable tool for early prognosis and clinical decision-making.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.71122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145720928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
André Felipe dos Santos, Gabriel Chaves de Melo, Gabriela Castellano, Arturo Forner-Cordero
Background
Coincidence anticipation timing (CAT) tasks require individuals to synchronize their movement with an external moving stimulus. Electroencephalography (EEG), due to its high temporal resolution, offers a valuable tool for investigating the neural processes underlying temporal anticipation in these tasks.
Objectives
This scoping review aims to map the existing literature on EEG monitoring of temporal anticipation during CAT tasks, identify methodological patterns, evaluate the consistency of reported EEG markers, and highlight potential gaps.
Eligibility criteria
Studies were included if they examined EEG activity related to anticipatory processes during CAT tasks in human participants.
Sources of evidence
Studies were obtained from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. A systematic search was conducted in May 2024 and updated in October 2025.
Charting methods
Data were charted across studies, focusing on participant characteristics, protocols, EEG methodologies, and reported outcomes.
Results
Eleven studies met our criterion. Substantial methodological variability was identified in participant setup, task design, EEG acquisition, and data analysis strategies. Although some EEG markers have been recurrently explored, no neural features were consistently assessed across all studies, limiting the identification of robust markers of temporal anticipation. Reporting gaps were observed regarding participant characteristics, anticipation type, and error metrics.
Conclusions
The field remains exploratory, with considerable heterogeneity across studies. To support more reliable comparisons and advance progress, this review proposes practical methodological recommendations focused on standardizing CAT task design and EEG procedures. These guidelines aim to enhance research quality and contribute to a more cohesive understanding of the neural correlates of temporal anticipation.
背景：巧合预期时间（CAT）任务要求个体与外部运动刺激同步运动。脑电图（EEG）由于其高时间分辨率，为研究这些任务中潜在的时间预期的神经过程提供了有价值的工具。目的：本综述旨在对CAT任务中时间预期的脑电图监测的现有文献进行梳理，确定方法模式，评估已报道的脑电图标记物的一致性，并突出潜在的差距。入选标准：如果研究对象在CAT任务中检测了与预期过程相关的脑电图活动，则纳入研究。证据来源：研究来自PubMed、Web of Science和Scopus。2024年5月进行了系统搜索，并于2025年10月更新。制图方法：将各研究的数据绘制成图表，重点关注参与者特征、方案、脑电图方法和报告结果。结果：11项研究符合我们的标准。在参与者设置、任务设计、脑电图采集和数据分析策略方面发现了大量的方法差异。尽管一些脑电图标记物已经被反复探索，但所有研究都没有一致地评估神经特征，这限制了对时间预期的稳健标记物的识别。在参与者特征、预期类型和错误度量方面观察到报告差距。结论：该领域仍处于探索性阶段，研究之间存在相当大的异质性。为了支持更可靠的比较和推进进展，本综述提出了实用的方法建议，重点是标准化CAT任务设计和EEG程序。这些指导方针旨在提高研究质量，并有助于对时间预期的神经相关性有更有凝聚力的理解。
{"title":"EEG Monitoring of Temporal Anticipation in Coincidence Anticipation Timing Tasks: A Scoping Review With Recommendations","authors":"André Felipe dos Santos, Gabriel Chaves de Melo, Gabriela Castellano, Arturo Forner-Cordero","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71123","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71123","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Coincidence anticipation timing (CAT) tasks require individuals to synchronize their movement with an external moving stimulus. Electroencephalography (EEG), due to its high temporal resolution, offers a valuable tool for investigating the neural processes underlying temporal anticipation in these tasks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This scoping review aims to map the existing literature on EEG monitoring of temporal anticipation during CAT tasks, identify methodological patterns, evaluate the consistency of reported EEG markers, and highlight potential gaps.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Eligibility criteria</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Studies were included if they examined EEG activity related to anticipatory processes during CAT tasks in human participants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Sources of evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Studies were obtained from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. A systematic search was conducted in May 2024 and updated in October 2025.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Charting methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were charted across studies, focusing on participant characteristics, protocols, EEG methodologies, and reported outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eleven studies met our criterion. Substantial methodological variability was identified in participant setup, task design, EEG acquisition, and data analysis strategies. Although some EEG markers have been recurrently explored, no neural features were consistently assessed across all studies, limiting the identification of robust markers of temporal anticipation. Reporting gaps were observed regarding participant characteristics, anticipation type, and error metrics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The field remains exploratory, with considerable heterogeneity across studies. To support more reliable comparisons and advance progress, this review proposes practical methodological recommendations focused on standardizing CAT task design and EEG procedures. These guidelines aim to enhance research quality and contribute to a more cohesive understanding of the neural correlates of temporal anticipation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.71123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145720972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main objective of this study is to non-invasively investigate the relationship between metacognitive beliefs and cortisol, the primary stress output of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, as well as neurotrophic factors associated with neuroplasticity brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neuron-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF and NDNF). Within this framework, the hypotheses that negative metacognitions would be associated with increased cortisol and decreased BDNF levels, and that cortisol might play a mediating role in this relationship, were tested.
Method
The study was designed in a cross-sectional model with 60 university students. Participants' metacognitive beliefs were measured using the Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30). Salivary cortisol, BDNF, and NDNF levels were analyzed using the ELISA method. Pearson correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used for data analysis.
Finding
The results showed a significant positive relationship between the total metacognition score and cortisol (r = 0.589, p < 0.01) and a strong negative relationship between cortisol and BDNF (r = −0.662, p < 0.01). Hierarchical regression analysis supported a partial mediation model, indicating that dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs have both a significant direct negative association with BDNF and an indirect association mediated by cortisol. In the final model, both metacognition (β = –0.298, p < 0.05) and cortisol (β = –0.281, p < 0.05) were significant factors associated with lower BDNF levels. NDNF showed a positive relationship with BDNF (r = 0.571) but not with other variables.
Conclusion
These findings point to a psychobiological model where dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs are linked to suppressed neuroprotective mechanisms like BDNF, both directly and indirectly through HPA axis activation. The results shed light on the potential neurobiological mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of metacognitive therapies.
目的：本研究的主要目的是无创研究元认知信念与皮质醇、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴的初级应激输出以及与神经可塑性脑源性神经营养因子和神经元源性神经营养因子（BDNF和NDNF）相关的神经营养因子之间的关系。在这个框架内，消极元认知与皮质醇增加和BDNF水平下降有关的假设得到了检验，皮质醇可能在这种关系中起中介作用。方法：采用横断面模型对60名大学生进行研究。使用元认知问卷-30 （MCQ-30）测量参与者的元认知信念。采用ELISA法分析各组唾液皮质醇、BDNF、NDNF水平。数据分析采用Pearson相关分析和分层多元回归分析。结果发现：元认知总分与皮质醇呈显著正相关（r = 0.589, p < 0.01），皮质醇与BDNF呈显著负相关（r = -0.662, p < 0.01）。层次回归分析支持部分中介模型，表明功能失调的元认知信念与BDNF有显著的直接负相关，也有皮质醇介导的间接关联。在最终模型中，元认知（β = -0.298, p < 0.05）和皮质醇（β = -0.281, p < 0.05）是与BDNF水平降低相关的显著因素。NDNF与BDNF呈正相关（r = 0.571），与其他变量无关。结论：这些发现指向了一个心理生物学模型，其中功能失调的元认知信念与抑制的神经保护机制（如BDNF）直接或间接地通过HPA轴激活联系在一起。这些结果揭示了元认知疗法有效性的潜在神经生物学机制。
{"title":"The Relationship Between Metacognitive Beliefs and Salivary Cortisol, BDNF, and NDNF Levels: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Süheyb Okur, Bülent Bayraktar, Fatma Tosun Köse","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71063","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71063","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The main objective of this study is to non-invasively investigate the relationship between metacognitive beliefs and cortisol, the primary stress output of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, as well as neurotrophic factors associated with neuroplasticity brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neuron-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF and NDNF). Within this framework, the hypotheses that negative metacognitions would be associated with increased cortisol and decreased BDNF levels, and that cortisol might play a mediating role in this relationship, were tested.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study was designed in a cross-sectional model with 60 university students. Participants' metacognitive beliefs were measured using the Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30). Salivary cortisol, BDNF, and NDNF levels were analyzed using the ELISA method. Pearson correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used for data analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Finding</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results showed a significant positive relationship between the total metacognition score and cortisol (<i>r</i> = 0.589, <i>p</i> < 0.01) and a strong negative relationship between cortisol and BDNF (<i>r</i> = −0.662, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Hierarchical regression analysis supported a partial mediation model, indicating that dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs have both a significant direct negative association with BDNF and an indirect association mediated by cortisol. In the final model, both metacognition (<i>β</i> = –0.298, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and cortisol (<i>β</i> = –0.281, <i>p</i> < 0.05) were significant factors associated with lower BDNF levels. NDNF showed a positive relationship with BDNF (<i>r</i> = 0.571) but not with other variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings point to a psychobiological model where dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs are linked to suppressed neuroprotective mechanisms like BDNF, both directly and indirectly through HPA axis activation. The results shed light on the potential neurobiological mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of metacognitive therapies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.71063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145721057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline, posing a significant challenge to global public health. As a core signaling pathway in the mammalian innate immune system, the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway plays a pivotal role in maintaining intracellular homeostasis. This review aims to systematically elucidate the role and therapeutic potential of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in AD, focusing on its involvement in key pathological processes and its relevance to AD risk factors.
Method
Through literature search, we summarized the molecular mechanisms of the cGAS-STING pathway and its dysregulation in AD, emphasizing the integrated evidence linking cGAS-STING to neuroinflammation, autophagy impairment, and neuronal death, as well as its interactions with aging, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.
Findings
The cGAS-STING pathway is critically involved in AD pathogenesis, contributing to neuroinflammation, defective autophagy, and neuronal loss. Its activation is associated with multiple AD risk factors, suggesting a broad influence on disease progression. Pharmacological inhibition of cGAS-STING shows promise in attenuating these pathological features in preclinical models.
Conclusion
The cGAS-STING signaling pathway plays a central regulatory role in the central nervous system, and its dysregulation promotes neuroinflammation and is closely associated with AD. This pathway forms a vicious cycle by integrating multiple pathological signals, including mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Small-molecule inhibitors and natural products targeting this pathway have demonstrated significant efficacy in preclinical studies, providing a basis for developing disease-modifying therapies for AD. Future efforts should focus on multi-target combination strategies (e.g., STING inhibitors co-administered with Aβ/tau drugs) and dynamically deciphering pathway alterations across AD stages to advance personalized treatment approaches.
{"title":"The Role and Therapeutic Potential of the cGAS-STING Signaling Pathway in Alzheimer's Disease","authors":"Xue Li, Wei Gao, Qiuyan Ye, Honglin Li","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71130","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71130","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline, posing a significant challenge to global public health. As a core signaling pathway in the mammalian innate immune system, the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway plays a pivotal role in maintaining intracellular homeostasis. This review aims to systematically elucidate the role and therapeutic potential of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in AD, focusing on its involvement in key pathological processes and its relevance to AD risk factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Through literature search, we summarized the molecular mechanisms of the cGAS-STING pathway and its dysregulation in AD, emphasizing the integrated evidence linking cGAS-STING to neuroinflammation, autophagy impairment, and neuronal death, as well as its interactions with aging, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The cGAS-STING pathway is critically involved in AD pathogenesis, contributing to neuroinflammation, defective autophagy, and neuronal loss. Its activation is associated with multiple AD risk factors, suggesting a broad influence on disease progression. Pharmacological inhibition of cGAS-STING shows promise in attenuating these pathological features in preclinical models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The cGAS-STING signaling pathway plays a central regulatory role in the central nervous system, and its dysregulation promotes neuroinflammation and is closely associated with AD. This pathway forms a vicious cycle by integrating multiple pathological signals, including mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Small-molecule inhibitors and natural products targeting this pathway have demonstrated significant efficacy in preclinical studies, providing a basis for developing disease-modifying therapies for AD. Future efforts should focus on multi-target combination strategies (e.g., STING inhibitors co-administered with Aβ/tau drugs) and dynamically deciphering pathway alterations across AD stages to advance personalized treatment approaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.71130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145721033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andreata, V. G., R. P. D. Freitas, J. da S. Nascimento, et al. 2025. “Genetic Basis of the Negative Response to the Use of Triptans for the Treatment of Migraine—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” Brain and Behavior 15, no. 10: e70967. https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70967
In the published version, the following funding information was missing:
Funding: The authors were partially supported by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de PessoaI de Nível Superior (CAPES), Finance Code 88881.015383/2024-01, under Process number 1466/2025.
We apologize for this error.
安德雷塔，V. G.， R. P. D. Freitas， J. da . S. Nascimento等。2025。使用曲坦类药物治疗偏头痛负面反应的遗传基础——系统回顾和荟萃分析。大脑与行为，第15卷，不。10: e70967。在已发布的版本https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70967In中，缺少以下资金信息：资金：作者部分由Nível高级（CAPES）协调机构（CAPES）资助，财务代码88881.015383/2024-01，流程号1466/2025。我们为这个错误道歉。
{"title":"Correction to “Genetic Basis of the Negative Response to the Use of Triptans for the Treatment of Migraine—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71067","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71067","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Andreata, V. G., R. P. D. Freitas, J. da S. Nascimento, et al. 2025. “Genetic Basis of the Negative Response to the Use of Triptans for the Treatment of Migraine—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” <i>Brain and Behavior</i> 15, no. 10: e70967. https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70967</p><p>In the published version, the following funding information was missing:</p><p>Funding: The authors were partially supported by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de PessoaI de Nível Superior (CAPES), Finance Code 88881.015383/2024-01, under Process number 1466/2025.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.71067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145720923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic has coincided with marked increases in anxiety and depressive disorders. Beyond infection risks, socioeconomic stressors such as rising unemployment and stringent government responses may have contributed substantially to these burdens but remain poorly quantified globally.
Methods
We conducted an ecological country-level cross-sectional study using data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database, World Bank Open Data, and Our World in Data, covering 169 countries and territories. Primary outcomes were changes in age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) of anxiety and depressive disorders between 2019 and 2020. Exposures included changes in unemployment rates and the government stringency index (GSI) during the same period. Associations were examined overall and stratified by sex, age, and sociodemographic index (SDI).
Results
Globally, ASIRs of anxiety and depressive disorders increased in 2020 compared with 2019. Median increases were larger in high- than low-SDI countries for anxiety (17.12% vs. 11.2%) and depressive disorders (17.04% vs. 9.04%). Greater increases in unemployment were associated with larger increases in ASIR of anxiety (β = 1.43, 95% CI: 0.56–2.29) and depressive disorders (β = 1.70, 95% CI: 0.78–2.62). Higher GSI was also positively associated with increases in ASIR of anxiety (β = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.19–1.98) and depressive disorders (β = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.41–2.28). Associations were stronger in females than males and most pronounced in children and adolescents.
Conclusion
Rising unemployment and stringent government responses were significantly associated with the global increase in anxiety and depressive disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the need for future public health strategies that balance infection control with economic protections and mental health support
{"title":"Association of Unemployment and Government Stringency With the Increased Burden of Anxiety and Depression Amid the Public Health Emergency: A Global Perspective","authors":"Chen Zhao, Xīn Gào, Mengdi Zhang, Weihua Yue, Xiao Zhang","doi":"10.1002/brb3.71132","DOIUrl":"10.1002/brb3.71132","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The COVID-19 pandemic has coincided with marked increases in anxiety and depressive disorders. Beyond infection risks, socioeconomic stressors such as rising unemployment and stringent government responses may have contributed substantially to these burdens but remain poorly quantified globally.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted an ecological country-level cross-sectional study using data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database, World Bank Open Data, and Our World in Data, covering 169 countries and territories. Primary outcomes were changes in age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) of anxiety and depressive disorders between 2019 and 2020. Exposures included changes in unemployment rates and the government stringency index (GSI) during the same period. Associations were examined overall and stratified by sex, age, and sociodemographic index (SDI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Globally, ASIRs of anxiety and depressive disorders increased in 2020 compared with 2019. Median increases were larger in high- than low-SDI countries for anxiety (17.12% vs. 11.2%) and depressive disorders (17.04% vs. 9.04%). Greater increases in unemployment were associated with larger increases in ASIR of anxiety (<i>β</i> = 1.43, 95% CI: 0.56–2.29) and depressive disorders (<i>β</i> = 1.70, 95% CI: 0.78–2.62). Higher GSI was also positively associated with increases in ASIR of anxiety (<i>β</i> = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.19–1.98) and depressive disorders (<i>β</i> = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.41–2.28). Associations were stronger in females than males and most pronounced in children and adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rising unemployment and stringent government responses were significantly associated with the global increase in anxiety and depressive disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the need for future public health strategies that balance infection control with economic protections and mental health support</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.71132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145720957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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