Brain and Behavior最新文献_第4页

Improvements in Sleep Quality in Patients With Major Depressive and Generalized Anxiety Disorders Treated With Individualized, Parcel-Guided Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation 通过个性化包裹引导经颅磁刺激治疗重度抑郁症和广泛性焦虑症患者的睡眠质量改善情况

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70088

Si Jie Tang, Jonas Holle, Sirjan Mor, Nicholas B. Dadario, Mark Ryan, Charles Teo, Michael Sughrue, Jacky Yeung

Introduction

Poor quality sleep has often been cited as a cause of lowered quality of life in patients with affective disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). As sleep and affective disorders are affected by multi-network interactions, we hypothesize that the modulation of the central executive network (CEN), salience, and default mode networks (DMNs) through individualized repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may improve sleep and quality of life.

Methods

A retrospective analysis from 2020 to 2023 was conducted in patients with affective disorders at Cingulum Health. Multiple targets were selected based on anomalies detected from individual, functional connectivity networks from a machine-learning connectivity software. rTMS was conducted with accelerated continuous or intermittent theta burst stimulation (TBS) based on the anomaly detected. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), EuroQol (EQ5D), Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaires were administered prior to, after, and at follow-up of rTMS.

Results

Twenty-seven patients were identified, and the most common diagnoses were MDD (41%) or MDD with GAD (41%). All patients had at least one rTMS target in the CEN. The most common target (19 patients) was L8Av in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). Patients experienced significant improvements in sleep, quality of life, depressive, and anxiety symptoms after rTMS and during follow-up. Improvements in sleep correlated with quality of life at follow-up.

Conclusion

This study suggests that personalized, parcel-guided rTMS is safe and may provide sustained improvements in sleep, quality of life, and affective symptoms for patients with affective disorders.

导言：睡眠质量差经常被认为是导致重度抑郁症（MDD）和广泛性焦虑症（GAD）等情感障碍患者生活质量下降的一个原因。由于睡眠和情感障碍受多网络相互作用的影响，我们假设通过个性化重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）调节中央执行网络（CEN）、显著性和默认模式网络（DMNs）可能会改善睡眠和生活质量。方法从 2020 年到 2023 年，在 Cingulum Health 对情感障碍患者进行了回顾性分析。根据机器学习连通性软件从个体功能连通性网络中检测到的异常情况，选择了多个目标进行经颅磁刺激。在经颅磁刺激之前、之后和随访期间，对患者进行了匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、欧洲睡眠质量指数（EQ5D）、贝克抑郁量表（BDI）和一般焦虑症-7（GAD-7）问卷调查。结果确定了 27 名患者，最常见的诊断为 MDD（41%）或 MDD 伴 GAD（41%）。所有患者的 CEN 中至少有一个经颅磁刺激靶点。最常见的靶点（19 名患者）是背外侧前额叶皮层（dlPFC）的 L8Av。经颅磁刺激后和随访期间，患者的睡眠、生活质量、抑郁和焦虑症状均有明显改善。睡眠改善与随访期间的生活质量相关。结论本研究表明，个性化、包裹引导的经颅磁刺激是安全的，可持续改善情感障碍患者的睡眠、生活质量和情感症状。

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引用次数: 0

Rehabilitation Response in Tremor- and Non-Tremor-Dominant Parkinson Disease: A Task-fMRI Study 震颤型和非震颤型帕金森病患者的康复反应：任务-核磁共振成像研究

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70102

Keke Chen, Songjian Wang, Qiping Wen, Zhaohui Jin, Yixuan Wang, Detao Meng, Xin Yu, Mengyue Wang, Meng Lin, Youwei Li, Chunlin Li, Boyan Fang

Background

Tremor-dominant (TD) and nontremor-dominant (NTD) Parkinson's disease (PD) showed different responses to rehabilitation. However, the neural mechanism behind this remains unclear.

Methods

This cohort study explores changes in motor function, brain activation, and functional connectivity following 2 weeks of rehabilitation in TD-PD and NTD-PD patients, respectively. A total of 11 TD-PD patients, 24 NTD-PD patients, and 21 age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included. At baseline, all participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while performing the foot tapping task. Motor symptoms, gait, balance, and task-based fMRI were then evaluated in patients before and after rehabilitation.

Results

Compared to HCs, TD-PD patients showed increased activity in the left inferior frontal gyrus and the right insula, and NTD-PD patients showed increased activations in the left postcentral gyrus and decreased within-cerebellar connectivity at baseline. Rehabilitation improved motor function in PD patients regardless of motor subtype. TD-PD patients showed increased recruitments of the sensorimotor cortex and the bilateral thalamus after rehabilitation, and NTD-PD patients showed increased cerebellar activation and within-cerebellar connectivity that was associated with better motor performance.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that rehabilitation-induced brain functional reorganization varied by motor subtypes in PD, which may have important implications for making individualized rehabilitation programs.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: ChiCTR1900020771

背景震颤主导型（TD）和非震颤主导型（NTD）帕金森病（PD）患者对康复治疗表现出不同的反应。然而，其背后的神经机制仍不清楚。方法本队列研究探讨了 TD-PD 和 NTD-PD 患者分别进行 2 周康复治疗后运动功能、大脑激活和功能连接的变化。研究共纳入了 11 名 TD-PD 患者、24 名 NTD-PD 患者和 21 名年龄匹配的健康对照组（HCs）。在基线期，所有参与者在进行足部敲击任务时都接受了功能磁共振成像（fMRI）检查。然后对患者康复前后的运动症状、步态、平衡和基于任务的 fMRI 进行评估。结果与正常人相比，TD-PD 患者左侧额叶下回和右侧岛叶的活动增加，NTD-PD 患者左侧中央后回的活动增加，小脑内的连接在基线时减少。无论运动亚型如何，康复治疗都能改善帕金森病患者的运动功能。TD-PD患者在康复后感觉运动皮层和双侧丘脑的募集增加，NTD-PD患者的小脑激活和小脑内连接增加，这与运动表现的改善有关。结论本研究表明，康复诱导的脑功能重组因运动亚型而异，这可能对制定个体化康复计划具有重要意义。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov identifier：ChiCTR1900020771

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引用次数: 0

The Role of Sex and Other Personal Characteristics in the Effects of Symptoms Severity on Self-Care Agency in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis 性别和其他个人特征在多发性硬化症患者症状严重程度对自我护理机构的影响中的作用

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70091

Pınar Yeşil Demirci, Saliha Bozdoğan Yeşilot, Zehra Eskimez

Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, autoimmune disease that attacks the central nervous system.

Aims

The study was conducted to determine the role of sex and other personal characteristics in the impact of symptom severity on self-care in individuals with MS.

Methods

The study was cross-sectional and was completed with 200 participants throughout Turkey. The data were collected through random and snowball sampling using the MS-related symptom checklist (MS-RS), the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and the Exercise of Self-Care Agency (ESCA) form. The data obtained were analyzed using the SPSS 21. Statistical significance was evaluated at the level of p < 0.05.

Results

The mean age of the participants was 37.97 ± 10.6 years. The mean scores were 47.4 ± 22.41 for MS-RS, 4.58 ± 2.2 for FSS, and 94.65 ± 24.76 for ESCA in females. The mean MS-RS score in males was 45 ± 25.89, FSS was 4.33 ± 2.5, and ESCA was 83.43 ± 23.95. There were no significant differences between the sexes except that the ESCA scores were higher in females (p < 0.05). According to a multiple linear regression analysis, the duration of diagnosis and sensory subdimension of MS-RS negatively affected the ESCA score in females, and this statistically significant model explained 22.6% of ESCA scores.

Conclusion

The study found that both sexes had clinically significant fatigue, mildly severe symptoms, and moderate self-care agency. While being a female positively affected self-care agency, disease duration, and sensory symptoms negatively affected females’ self-care agency.

背景多发性硬化症（MS）是一种攻击中枢神经系统的慢性自身免疫性疾病。目的该研究旨在确定性别和其他个人特征对多发性硬化症患者症状严重程度对自我护理的影响。方法该研究为横断面研究，在土耳其各地有 200 名参与者参与。通过随机抽样和滚雪球抽样，使用多发性硬化症相关症状核对表（MS-RS）、疲劳严重程度量表（FSS）和自我护理机构锻炼表（ESCA）收集数据。获得的数据使用 SPSS 21 进行分析。统计学意义以 p < 0.05 为标准。结果参与者的平均年龄为（37.97 ± 10.6）岁。女性的 MS-RS 平均得分为（47.4 ± 22.41）分，FSS 平均得分为（4.58 ± 2.2）分，ESCA 平均得分为（94.65 ± 24.76）分。男性的 MS-RS 平均分为 45 ± 25.89，FSS 为 4.33 ± 2.5，ESCA 为 83.43 ± 23.95。除女性的 ESCA 分数较高外，男女之间无明显差异（p < 0.05）。根据多元线性回归分析，诊断持续时间和 MS-RS 的感觉亚维度对女性的 ESCA 评分有负面影响，这一具有统计学意义的模型解释了 22.6% 的 ESCA 评分。结论研究发现，男女患者均有明显的临床疲劳感、轻度严重症状和中等程度的自理能力。女性对自我护理有积极影响，但病程和感觉症状对女性的自我护理有消极影响。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of Acupuncture on Cognitive Function in Patients With Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 针灸对脑卒中后认知功能障碍患者认知功能的影响：系统回顾与元分析

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70075

Ziyan Luo, Wenxuan Li, Jieting Jiang, Jie Sun, Mingyue Zhang, Yaqing Zhang, Lu Dong, Kunpeng Li, Caiqin Wu

<div> <section> <h3> Aims and objective</h3> <p>To investigate the impact of acupuncture on post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>PSCI is a major barrier to stroke patients’ rehabilitation, and acupuncture is one of the treatments. However, the benefit of acupuncture on PSCI is unclear.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Design</h3> <p>A meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>Up to February 1, 2024, databases in PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, and Wanfang Data were searched. The risk of bias was investigated using the <i>Cochrane Handbook</i> for systematic reviews of treatments. Random-effect and fix-effect models were used to report the effects.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>There were 29 randomized clinical trials with 2477 participants included. The findings demonstrated that the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores were higher in the acupuncture group than medicine group (mean difference [MD] = 1.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) CI [1.26, 2.23], <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 59%, <i>p</i> <i><</i> 0.01). Compared to medicine group, the Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA) score exhibited a significant decrease and demonstrated improvement in the acupuncture group. Statistically significant outcomes were observed in the Barthel Index scores and P300 event-related potential (ERP). According to subgroup analysis, acupuncture was superior to conventional therapy for improving cognitive function in PSCI patients at 4 weeks after treatment.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>Acupuncture therapy has shown promise in ameliorating cognitive deficits and enhancing daily functional abilities in individuals diagnosed with PSCI. But future research should focus on the duration and implement large sample, high-quality RCTs.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Relevance to clinical practice</h3> <p>Clinical workers in practical clinical work can select appropriate acupoints according to the actual conditions of patients, as well as confirm the treatment co

目的探讨针灸对中风后认知障碍（PSCI）的影响。背景 PSCI 是中风患者康复的主要障碍，针灸是治疗方法之一。然而，针灸对 PSCI 的益处尚不明确。设计对随机对照试验（RCT）进行荟萃分析和系统回顾。方法检索截至 2024 年 2 月 1 日的 PubMed、MEDLINE、Scopus、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、中国国家知识基础设施、VIP 和万方数据等数据库。采用《Cochrane治疗方法系统综述手册》对偏倚风险进行了调查。采用随机效应和固定效应模型来报告效果。结果 29 项随机临床试验共纳入 2477 名参与者。研究结果表明，针灸组的迷你精神状态检查（MMSE）和蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）得分高于药物组（平均差[MD] = 1.74，95%置信区间（CI）CI [1.26, 2.23]，I2 = 59%，p <0.01）。与药物组相比，针灸组的卢文斯坦职业治疗认知评估（LOTCA）得分显著下降并有所改善。巴特尔指数（Barthel Index）评分和 P300 事件相关电位（ERP）均有统计学意义。根据亚组分析，在治疗 4 周后，针灸在改善 PSCI 患者认知功能方面优于传统疗法。结论针灸疗法在改善 PSCI 患者的认知功能障碍和提高日常功能能力方面具有良好的前景。但未来的研究应关注疗程的长短，并实施大样本、高质量的 RCT。与临床实践的相关性临床工作者在实际临床工作中，可根据患者的实际情况选择合适的穴位，并对 PSCI 患者的疗程进行确认，同时注意观察和评价针灸的疗效，以患者为中心改善患者的健康状况。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of Relaxation-Based Virtual Reality on Psychological and Physiological Stress of Substance Abusers Under Detoxification: A Randomized Controlled Trial 基于放松的虚拟现实对戒毒药物滥用者心理和生理压力的影响：随机对照试验

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70084

Shahab Lotfinia, Aram Yaseri, Pardis Jamshidmofid, Fatemeh Nazari, Homa Shahkaram, Jafar Sarani Yaztappeh, Amir Sam Kianimoghadam

Introduction

Substance abuse is a widespread problem, with high rates of treatment dropout. Stress plays a crucial role in this problem, so innovative interventions with stressed patients can assist them in completing treatment.

Methods

This study is a randomized controlled trial with 60 participants who have substance abuse disorder undergoing detoxification at a residency facility in Tehran, Iran. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: watching a 360° video of nature, a 360° video of a city environment, or no virtual experience. The intervention was performed only for one session. Psychological stress was measured using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and Perceived Stress Scale before and after the intervention. Physiological stress was assessed through respiratory rate, skin conductance, and heart rate recordings during the virtual reality (VR) experience. Data analysis was performed using R software (version 4.2).

Results

Paired t-test results indicated significant psychological differences before and after virtual nature experiences, but not in the control and city groups. The repeated measure ANOVA showed a significant reduction in skin conductance (p < 0.01) and respiratory rate (p < 0.01) scores in the nature group.

Conclusion

The findings suggest that VR relaxation could be a potentially beneficial intervention for reducing stress in patients during detoxification.

导言药物滥用是一个普遍存在的问题，辍治率很高。压力在这一问题中起着至关重要的作用，因此对压力过大的患者进行创新性干预可以帮助他们完成治疗。方法本研究是一项随机对照试验，有 60 名患有药物滥用症的患者在伊朗德黑兰的一家住院机构接受戒毒治疗。参与者被随机分配到三组中的一组：观看 360° 自然风光视频、360° 城市环境视频或无虚拟体验。干预只进行一次。心理压力通过干预前后的积极和消极情绪表和感知压力量表进行测量。生理压力通过虚拟现实（VR）体验过程中的呼吸频率、皮肤电导率和心率记录进行评估。数据分析使用 R 软件（4.2 版）进行。结果配对 t 检验结果表明，虚拟自然体验前后存在显著的心理差异，但对照组和城市组之间没有差异。重复测量方差分析显示，自然组的皮肤电导率（p < 0.01）和呼吸频率（p < 0.01）得分显著降低。结论研究结果表明，VR 放松可能是一种有益的干预措施，有助于减轻戒毒期间患者的压力。

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引用次数: 0

Parallel Mediating Effects of Sleep Quality, Psychological Distress, and Self-Stigma in the Associations Between Long COVID Symptoms and Quality of Life Among Taiwanese Individuals With Mental Health Illness 睡眠质量、心理困扰和自我污名在台湾精神疾病患者的长期 COVID 症状与生活质量之间的平行中介效应

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70094

Kun-Chia Chang, Daniel Kwasi Ahorsu, Hsin-Chi Tsai, Carol Strong, Nai-Ying Ko, Jung-Sheng Chen, Cheng-Fang Yen, Servet Üztemur, Mark D. Griffiths, Chung-Ying Lin

Background

Long COVID symptoms (i.e., experiencing symptoms of COVID-19 for 3 months post-COVID-19) affect individuals’ health and their quality of life (QoL). However, the pathways through which it does so are not fully known.

Aim

The present study examined the mediating roles of sleep quality, psychological distress, and self-stigma in the associations between long COVID symptoms and QoL among individuals with mental illness.

Method

Individuals with mental illness (n = 333) were recruited from a psychiatric center in southern Taiwan to participate in the study. Data were collected regarding sleep quality, psychological distress, self-stigma, and QoL. Independent t-tests, Pearson correlations, and regression with Hayes’ Process Macro were used to compare groups, examine relationships, and parallel mediation models, respectively.

Results

Participants with long COVID symptoms had significantly worse sleep quality, psychological distress, physical QoL, and psychological QoL compared to those without symptoms. There were significant relationships between sleep quality, psychological distress, self-stigma, and QoL. Sleep quality significantly mediated the associations between long COVID symptoms and physical and social QoL. Psychological distress significantly mediated the associations between long COVID symptoms and all domains of QoL, but not self-stigma.

Conclusion

There are alternative pathways (e.g., sleep quality and psychological distress) through which long COVID symptoms may affect the QoL of individuals with mental illness. The findings suggest that individuals with long COVID symptoms have a higher chance of having poor QoL. Therefore, there may be the need for counseling and possible therapy for those who contract COVID-19, especially among individuals who already have mental illness.

背景长期 COVID 症状（即在 COVID-19 后 3 个月内出现 COVID-19 症状）会影响个人的健康和生活质量（QoL）。然而，其影响途径尚不完全清楚。研究目的本研究探讨了睡眠质量、心理困扰和自我污名在精神疾病患者长期 COVID 症状与 QoL 之间关系中的中介作用。方法从台湾南部的一家精神病治疗中心招募精神病患者（n = 333）参与研究。研究收集了有关睡眠质量、心理困扰、自我污名和 QoL 的数据。分别采用独立 t 检验、皮尔逊相关检验和海斯过程宏回归检验来比较组别、检验关系和平行中介模型。结果与无症状者相比，有长期 COVID 症状的参与者的睡眠质量、心理困扰、身体 QoL 和心理 QoL 明显较差。睡眠质量、心理困扰、自我污名和 QoL 之间存在重要关系。睡眠质量对 COVID 长期症状与身体和社交 QoL 之间的关系有明显的中介作用。心理困扰对长期 COVID 症状与所有 QoL 领域之间的关联有明显的中介作用，但对自我污名没有中介作用。结论长期 COVID 症状可能会通过其他途径（如睡眠质量和心理困扰）影响精神疾病患者的 QoL。研究结果表明，有长期 COVID 症状的患者有较高的机会出现 QoL 差异。因此，有必要为感染 COVID-19 的患者（尤其是已患有精神疾病的患者）提供咨询和可能的治疗。

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引用次数: 0

Loss of Control Eating in Adults With Impulsive and/or Inattentive Tendencies 有冲动和/或注意力不集中倾向的成年人饮食失控。

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70092

Laura Christie, James H. Smith-Spark, Rachel D. Teodorini

Objective

Previous research has tended to consider impulsive, inattentive, and loss of control eating (LOC) tendencies as symptoms of greater pathologies in treatment-seeking samples. However, inattentive and impulsive tendencies and LOC often co-occur. Although LOC is an important diagnostic component of disordered eating (ED), it has recently been argued to be a dysregulated eating behavior in its own right. The purpose of the current self-report study was, therefore, to investigate the association between impulsive and inattentive tendencies and LOC in adults after accounting for ED.

Method

A community sample of 516 adults was surveyed online about their inattentive and impulsive tendencies, LOC, and ED behaviors.

Results

A hierarchical multiple linear regression revealed ED, inattentive, and impulsive symptoms to be independent, significant, positive predictors of LOC.

Discussion

These findings suggest that the levels of inattentive and, to a lesser extent, impulsive tendencies are significantly associated with LOC in adults, even after ED is accounted for. Moreover, inattentive tendencies were found to be more significantly associated with LOC than impulsive tendencies. These are novel and important findings that can be used to inform both clinicians and individuals with inattentive and impulsive tendencies alike of this association. Considering the well-documented adverse health and wellbeing outcomes associated with LOC, future feasibility trials are needed aimed at treating this co-occurrence.

研究目的以往的研究倾向于将冲动、注意力不集中和饮食失控（LOC）倾向视为寻求治疗样本中更大病症的症状。然而，注意力不集中、冲动倾向和 LOC 往往同时存在。虽然失控倾向是饮食失调（ED）的一个重要诊断组成部分，但最近有人认为它本身也是一种饮食失调行为。因此，本次自我报告研究的目的是，在考虑了 ED 的因素后，调查成年人的冲动倾向和注意力不集中倾向与 LOC 之间的关系：方法：对 516 名成年人进行了在线调查，了解他们的注意力不集中和冲动倾向、LOC 和 ED 行为：结果：分层多元线性回归显示，注意力不集中、冲动症状和 ED 是 LOC 的独立、显著、正向预测因子：讨论：这些研究结果表明，即使在考虑了 ED 的情况下，注意力不集中（其次是冲动倾向）的程度与成人的 LOC 仍有显著的相关性。此外，与冲动倾向相比，注意力不集中倾向与 LOC 的关系更为显著。这些发现既新颖又重要，临床医生和有注意力不集中倾向和冲动倾向的人都可以利用这些发现了解这种关联。考虑到与LOC相关的不良健康和福利结果已得到充分证明，未来需要进行旨在治疗这种并发症的可行性试验。

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引用次数: 0

The Relationship Between Attention and Suicidal Ideation Among Patients With Adult-Onset Chronic Schizophrenia 成年慢性精神分裂症患者的注意力与自杀意念之间的关系

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70079

Qiongzhang Wang, Yurou Zhou, Weiqian Xu, Wei Tang, Jing Liu

Background

Patients with chronic schizophrenia (SZ) have a high risk of suicide, and their cognition function is impaired. We aimed to explore the relationship between attention and suicidal ideation among patients with adult-onset chronic SZ.

Methods

A total of 416 patients with adult-onset chronic SZ were enrolled in this study. We divided patients into suicidal ideation group and non-suicidal ideation group according to the evaluation results of the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation. Psychotic symptoms were measured by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and cognitive function was measured by Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Insomnia symptoms were measured by Insomnia Severity Index (ISI).

Results

Age was significantly different (44.28 ± 10.58 vs. 48.46 ± 12.23, t = 10.64, p = 0.001) between the two groups, and the patients with suicidal ideation were younger than patients without suicidal ideation. The positive symptom scores of the PANSS, the scores of ISI, and attention scores of RBANS were higher in patients with suicidal ideation than patients without suicidal ideation (17.30 ± 5.67 vs. 15.58 ± 4.90, t = 9.633, p = 0.002; 3.00 [1.00–6.00] vs. 2.00 [1.00–3.50], Z = −2.048, p = 0.041; 81.80 ± 14.99 vs. 76.91 ± 13.88, t = 10.101, p = 0.002). In the logistic regression analysis, age (odds ratio [OR], 0.973; 95% confidence interval [95%CI], [0.955–0.992]; p = 0.005), positive symptom scores of PANSS (OR, 1.063; 95%CI, [1.019–1.109]; p = 0.005), ISI scores (OR, 1.098; 95%CI, [1.037–1.163]; p = 0.001), and attention scores of RBANS (OR, 1.029; 95%CI, [1.013–1.047]; p = 0.001) were independently associated with the occurrence of suicidal ideation among patients with adult-onset chronic SZ.

Conclusions

High attention scores of RBANS were a risk factor for suicidal ideation among patients with adult-onset chronic SZ.

背景：慢性精神分裂症（SZ）患者自杀风险高，且认知功能受损。我们旨在探讨成年慢性精神分裂症患者的注意力与自杀意念之间的关系：本研究共招募了 416 名成年慢性 SZ 患者。根据贝克自杀意念量表的评估结果，将患者分为自杀意念组和非自杀意念组。精神症状由阳性和阴性综合量表（PANSS）测量，认知功能由神经心理状态评估可重复性电池（RBANS）测量。失眠症状通过失眠严重程度指数（ISI）进行测量：两组患者的年龄有明显差异（44.28 ± 10.58 vs. 48.46 ± 12.23，t = 10.64，p = 0.001），有自杀意念的患者比无自杀意念的患者年轻。自杀意念患者的 PANSS 阳性症状评分、ISI 评分和 RBANS 注意力评分均高于无自杀意念患者（17.30 ± 5.67 vs. 15.58 ± 4.90，t = 9.633，p = 0.002；3.00 [1.00-6.00] vs. 2.00 [1.00-3.50]，Z = -2.048，p = 0.041；81.80 ± 14.99 vs. 76.91 ± 13.88，t = 10.101，p = 0.002）。在逻辑回归分析中，年龄（几率比 [OR]，0.973；95% 置信区间 [95%CI]，[0.955-0.992]；P = 0.005）、PANSS 阳性症状评分（OR，1.063；95%CI，[1.019-1.109]；P = 0.005）、ISI 评分（OR，1.098；95%CI，[1.037-1.163]；p = 0.001）和RBANS的注意力得分（OR，1.029；95%CI，[1.013-1.047]；p = 0.001）与成年慢性SZ患者自杀意念的发生独立相关：结论：RBANS的高注意力评分是成年慢性SZ患者出现自杀意念的一个危险因素。

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引用次数: 0

Can Residual Inhibition Predict the Success of Sound Enrichment Treatment for Tinnitus? 残余抑制能否预测声音强化治疗耳鸣的成功率？

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70083

Eser Sendesen, Didem Turkyilmaz

Objectives

The objective of this study was to investigate whether residual inhibition (RI), which provides information on the relationship between tinnitus and increased spontaneous activity in the auditory system, is a predictor for the success of sound enrichment treatment.

Design

Tinnitus patients were divided into two groups based on whether RI was achieved (RI+) or not (RI−). All participants underwent sound enrichment. Psychosomatic measures (for tinnitus severity, discomfort, attention deficit and sleep difficulties), Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), minimum masking level (MML), and tinnitus loudness level (TLL) results were compared before and at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment.

Study sample

Sixty-seven chronic tinnitus patients were divided into two groups based on whether RI was achieved (RI+) or not (RI−). There were 38 patients in the RI+ group and 29 in the RI− group.

Results

There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in psychosomatic measures, THI, MML and TLL scores at the post-treatment 6 months after treatment (p <.05). There was a statistically significant decrease in psychosomatic measures, THI, MML and TLL scores during the treatment period in the RI+ group, but not in the RI− group.

Conclusion

RI may predict the prognosis of tinnitus treatments used in clinics to reduce the spontaneous firing rate of neurons in the central auditory system, and that RI positivity may be a predictor of treatment success in sound enrichment.

研究目的残余抑制（RI）可提供有关耳鸣与听觉系统自发活动增加之间关系的信息，本研究旨在探讨残余抑制是否可预测声音强化治疗的成功与否：设计：根据 RI 是否达到（RI+）将耳鸣患者分为两组。所有参与者都接受了声音强化治疗。研究样本：67 名慢性耳鸣患者：67 名慢性耳鸣患者根据是否达到 RI（RI+）分为两组。RI+组有38名患者，RI-组有29名患者：结果：两组患者在治疗后 6 个月的心身测量、THI、MML 和 TLL 评分差异有统计学意义（P 结论：RI 可预测癌症的预后：RI 可预测临床上用于降低中枢听觉系统神经元自发发射率的耳鸣治疗的预后，RI 阳性可预测声音强化治疗的成功与否。

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引用次数: 0

High Somatization Rates, Frequent Spontaneous Recovery, and a Lack of Organic Biomarkers in Post-Covid-19 Condition 后科维德-19 状态下的高躯体化率、频繁的自发恢复以及缺乏有机生物标志物。

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Brain and Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70087

Anna Tröscher, Patrick Gebetsroither, Marc Rindler, Vincent Böhm, Rainer Dormann, Tim von Oertzen, Anna Heidbreder, Raimund Helbok, Judith Wagner

Introduction

Many patients report neuropsychiatric symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Data on prevalence of post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) vary due to the lack of specific diagnostic criteria, the report of unspecific symptoms, and reliable biomarkers.

Methods

PCC patients seen in a neurological outpatient department were followed for up to 18 months. Neurological examination, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, Epstein–Barr virus antibodies, and cortisol levels as possible biomarkers, questionnaires to evaluate neuropsychiatric symptoms and somatization (Patient Health Questionnaires D [PHQ-D]), cognition deficits (Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA]), sleep disorders (ISS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS]), and fatigue (FSS) were included.

Results

A total of 175 consecutive patients (78% females, median age 42 years) were seen between May 2021 and February 2023. Fatigue, subjective stress intolerance, and subjective cognitive deficits were the most common symptoms. Specific scores were positive for fatigue, insomnia, and sleepiness and were present in 95%, 62.1%, and 44.0%, respectively. Cognitive deficits were found in 2.3%. Signs of somatization were identified in 61%, who also had an average of two symptoms more than patients without somatization. Overall, 28% had a psychiatric disorder, including depression and anxiety. At the second visit (n = 92), fatigue (67.3%) and insomnia (45.5%) had decreased. At visit three (n = 43), symptom load had decreased in 76.8%; overall, 51.2% of patients were symptom-free. Biomarker testing did not confirm an anti-EBV response. SARS-CoV-2-specific immune reactions increased over time, and cortisol levels were within the physiological range.

Conclusion

Despite high initial symptom load, 76.8% improved over time. The prevalence of somatization and psychiatric disorders was high. Our data do not confirm the role of previously suggested biomarkers in PCC patients.

导言许多患者在感染 SARS-CoV-2 后都会出现神经精神症状。由于缺乏具体的诊断标准、报告的症状不具特异性以及缺乏可靠的生物标志物，有关19型CoVID后病症（PCC）发病率的数据各不相同：方法：对在神经科门诊就诊的 PCC 患者进行长达 18 个月的随访。包括神经系统检查、SARS-CoV-2 抗体、Epstein-Barr 病毒抗体和皮质醇水平作为可能的生物标志物，以及评估神经精神症状和躯体化（患者健康问卷 D [PHQ-D]）、认知障碍（蒙特利尔认知评估 [MoCA]）、睡眠障碍（ISS、Epworth 嗜睡量表 [ESS]）和疲劳（FSS）的问卷：2021 年 5 月至 2023 年 2 月期间，共有 175 名连续患者（78% 为女性，中位年龄 42 岁）接受了治疗。疲劳、主观压力不耐受和主观认知缺陷是最常见的症状。疲劳、失眠和嗜睡的具体评分呈阳性，分别占 95%、62.1% 和 44.0%。2.3% 的患者存在认知障碍。61%的患者有躯体化症状，他们比没有躯体化症状的患者平均多出两种症状。总体而言，28%的患者患有精神障碍，包括抑郁症和焦虑症。第二次就诊时（92 人），疲劳（67.3%）和失眠（45.5%）症状有所减轻。第三次就诊时（43 人），76.8% 的患者症状减轻；总体而言，51.2% 的患者无症状。生物标志物检测并未证实抗 EBV 反应。SARS-CoV-2特异性免疫反应随着时间的推移而增加，皮质醇水平在生理范围内：结论：尽管最初症状较重，但随着时间的推移，76.8%的患者症状有所改善。结论：尽管最初的症状负荷很高，但随着时间的推移，76.8% 的患者症状得到了改善，躯体化和精神障碍的发病率很高。我们的数据并未证实之前提出的生物标志物在 PCC 患者中的作用。

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引用次数: 0