Lawsonia inermis L., or henna leaves, are usually used to treat wounds on the skin. Lawsonia inermis contain naphthoquinones, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The antibacterial activity of L. inermis leaf extract in various solvents has been extensively studied. However, which component is responsible for the antibacterial activity is still unknown. This study was intended to investigate the antibacterial effect of L. inermis fractions against Staphylococcus aureus and to discover the antibacterial chemical class in the most active fraction. The methanol extract was fractionated with n-hexane and ethyl acetate subsequently. The antibacterial activity of various fractions was tested using the well diffusion method. TLC-bioautography was used to identify the class of active chemicals as antibacterial agents. Antibacterial activity against S. aureus was highest in the ethyl acetate fraction. TLC-bioautography of the ethyl acetate fraction showed inhibition areas at Rf values of 0.25 and 0.53, respectively, indicating the naphthoquinones and phenolic compounds groups. In conclusion, naphthoquinones and phenolic compounds are suggested to contribute to the antibacterial effect of the ethyl acetate fraction of L. inermis leaves.
{"title":"Determination of the Active Chemical Compounds and the Antibacterial Activity of Various Fractions of Lawsonia inermis L.","authors":"S. Mulyaningsih, Febriyati Adji Rachmadani","doi":"10.33084/bjop.v5i3.3221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v5i3.3221","url":null,"abstract":"Lawsonia inermis L., or henna leaves, are usually used to treat wounds on the skin. Lawsonia inermis contain naphthoquinones, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The antibacterial activity of L. inermis leaf extract in various solvents has been extensively studied. However, which component is responsible for the antibacterial activity is still unknown. This study was intended to investigate the antibacterial effect of L. inermis fractions against Staphylococcus aureus and to discover the antibacterial chemical class in the most active fraction. The methanol extract was fractionated with n-hexane and ethyl acetate subsequently. The antibacterial activity of various fractions was tested using the well diffusion method. TLC-bioautography was used to identify the class of active chemicals as antibacterial agents. Antibacterial activity against S. aureus was highest in the ethyl acetate fraction. TLC-bioautography of the ethyl acetate fraction showed inhibition areas at Rf values of 0.25 and 0.53, respectively, indicating the naphthoquinones and phenolic compounds groups. In conclusion, naphthoquinones and phenolic compounds are suggested to contribute to the antibacterial effect of the ethyl acetate fraction of L. inermis leaves.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76906079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melaleuca leucadendron L. is a plant whose almost all parts (bark, leaves, twigs, and fruit) can be used as medicine, such as antioxidants, antifungals, sedative effects, and anti-hyaluronidase. This research was conducted to determine tyrosinase inhibition activity and compound content of M. leucadendron leaves. Maceration of M. leucadendron leaves was done in methanol, then carried out liquid-liquid fractionation with n-butanol, chloroform, and water. Methanol extract, butanol fraction, chloroform fraction, and water fraction were tested for phytochemical screening and tyrosinase inhibition using L-DOPA substrate with an ELISA plate well reader. The results of the tyrosinase inhibition activity test at concentrations of 100, 1000 and 10000 μg/mL respectively showed that methanol extract 29.532%, 55.227%, 89.583%; butanol fraction 29.313%, 59.174%, 94.737%, chloroform fraction 21.820%, 24.671%; 53.765%; water fraction 24,086%, 47.661%, 91.118%. Inhibition of the tyrosinase enzyme is shown through the IC50 value from methanol extract, butanol fraction and water fraction, and kojic acid as a positive control, respectively 645.438 μg/mL, 517.935 μg/mL, 669.403 μg/mL, 50.064 μg/mL. Phytochemical screening showed that the extract and fraction contained tannins, flavonoids, saponins, terpenes, and steroids. These results indicate that the butanol fraction is more potent as an anti-tyrosinase agent than the others.
{"title":"Tyrosinase Inhibition Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Melaleuca leucadendron L. Leaves","authors":"Munawarohthus Sholikha, Ainun Wulandari","doi":"10.33084/bjop.v5i3.3694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v5i3.3694","url":null,"abstract":"Melaleuca leucadendron L. is a plant whose almost all parts (bark, leaves, twigs, and fruit) can be used as medicine, such as antioxidants, antifungals, sedative effects, and anti-hyaluronidase. This research was conducted to determine tyrosinase inhibition activity and compound content of M. leucadendron leaves. Maceration of M. leucadendron leaves was done in methanol, then carried out liquid-liquid fractionation with n-butanol, chloroform, and water. Methanol extract, butanol fraction, chloroform fraction, and water fraction were tested for phytochemical screening and tyrosinase inhibition using L-DOPA substrate with an ELISA plate well reader. The results of the tyrosinase inhibition activity test at concentrations of 100, 1000 and 10000 μg/mL respectively showed that methanol extract 29.532%, 55.227%, 89.583%; butanol fraction 29.313%, 59.174%, 94.737%, chloroform fraction 21.820%, 24.671%; 53.765%; water fraction 24,086%, 47.661%, 91.118%. Inhibition of the tyrosinase enzyme is shown through the IC50 value from methanol extract, butanol fraction and water fraction, and kojic acid as a positive control, respectively 645.438 μg/mL, 517.935 μg/mL, 669.403 μg/mL, 50.064 μg/mL. Phytochemical screening showed that the extract and fraction contained tannins, flavonoids, saponins, terpenes, and steroids. These results indicate that the butanol fraction is more potent as an anti-tyrosinase agent than the others.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"170 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77989434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nosocomial or healthcare-associated infection (HCAI) is an infection acquired during receiving health care that was not present during admission. The research aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of gram-positive bacteria isolated from Primary Health Centers in Jega Town. A total of fifty (50) swab samples were collected from 10 different health centers and analyzed using the streak plate technique. Pure bacterial isolates were maintained and characterized using biochemical tests; their percentage of occurrence show; Staphylococcus aureus 18 (43.9%), Enterococcus feacalis 8 (19.5%), Streptococcus spp 8 (19.5%), Bacillus cereus 4 (9.8%), and Staphylococcus epidermidis 3 (7.3%). McFarland standard solution was prepared and used to control inoculants, after which the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates was determined using the disc diffusion method. Staphylococcus epidermidis was resistant to Gentamycin, and other isolates were multi-drug resistant. In light of this research, there is a need for thorough disinfection and conscientious contact control procedures to minimize the spread of these pathogens in health centers where interaction between patients, HCWs, and caregivers is widespread and frequent.
{"title":"Antibiotics Susceptibility Profile of Gram-Positive Bacteria from Primary Health Centers in Jega, Kebbi State","authors":"B. Jega, Isa Musa Maishanu, B. Aliyu, M. Kasim","doi":"10.33084/bjop.v5i3.3293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v5i3.3293","url":null,"abstract":"Nosocomial or healthcare-associated infection (HCAI) is an infection acquired during receiving health care that was not present during admission. The research aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of gram-positive bacteria isolated from Primary Health Centers in Jega Town. A total of fifty (50) swab samples were collected from 10 different health centers and analyzed using the streak plate technique. Pure bacterial isolates were maintained and characterized using biochemical tests; their percentage of occurrence show; Staphylococcus aureus 18 (43.9%), Enterococcus feacalis 8 (19.5%), Streptococcus spp 8 (19.5%), Bacillus cereus 4 (9.8%), and Staphylococcus epidermidis 3 (7.3%). McFarland standard solution was prepared and used to control inoculants, after which the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates was determined using the disc diffusion method. Staphylococcus epidermidis was resistant to Gentamycin, and other isolates were multi-drug resistant. In light of this research, there is a need for thorough disinfection and conscientious contact control procedures to minimize the spread of these pathogens in health centers where interaction between patients, HCWs, and caregivers is widespread and frequent.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77997837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Rokhman, Bustanul Arifin, Z. Zulkarnain, Saidah Rauf, D. Perwitasari
Research on risk factors for diabetes (DM) is growing. Identification of these risk factors aims to prevent DM as early as possible. This study intends to identify the utilization of the Finnish diabetes risk score (FINDRISC) and its development using bibliometric analysis. The keywords “FINDRISC AND Diabetes” were used to search for articles published in 2005-2021 in PubMed. A total of 249 articles were analyzed based on the number of publications per year, journals that publish the papers, number of publications by author and year of publication, number of publications by affiliation and year of publication, number of publications by country of origin of authors and year of publication, number of keywords, number of citations, types of articles, specific topics, and theme mapping. The data visualization was obtained from the Scopus database and the VOSviewer and Biblioshiny applications. Despite the increase in publications, the number of publications on FINDRISC in DM patients is still very few per year, with 92.8% being the primary study. Based on clusters of the country of origin, publications are still dominated by researchers from countries in the European region, and the researchers intensely relate to each other through citations. Research themes related to FINDRISC are not limited to DM risk factors. This study is the first study of a bibliometric analysis of the utilization of FINRISC in DM patients. The analysis results can be used to evaluate existing research gaps and identify future research opportunities.
对糖尿病(DM)危险因素的研究越来越多。识别这些危险因素的目的是尽早预防糖尿病。本研究旨在通过文献计量学分析确定芬兰糖尿病风险评分(FINDRISC)的应用及其发展。关键词“FINDRISC AND Diabetes”用于检索2005-2021年在PubMed发表的文章。根据每年发表论文的数量、发表论文的期刊、作者发表论文的数量和出版年份、所属机构发表论文的数量和出版年份、作者原籍国和出版年份、关键词数量、引用次数、文章类型、具体主题、主题映射等，共分析了249篇论文。数据可视化由Scopus数据库、VOSviewer和Biblioshiny应用程序获得。尽管发表量有所增加，但每年关于糖尿病患者FINDRISC的出版物数量仍然很少，其中92.8%是主要研究。在原籍国集群的基础上，出版物仍然以欧洲地区的研究者为主，研究者之间通过引文关系密切。与FINDRISC相关的研究主题并不局限于糖尿病的危险因素。本研究是首个对糖尿病患者使用FINRISC进行文献计量学分析的研究。分析结果可用于评估现有的研究差距和确定未来的研究机会。
{"title":"Bibliometric Analysis of the Utilisation of FINDRISC in Patients with Diabetes: 2005-2021","authors":"M. Rokhman, Bustanul Arifin, Z. Zulkarnain, Saidah Rauf, D. Perwitasari","doi":"10.33084/bjop.v5i3.3267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v5i3.3267","url":null,"abstract":"Research on risk factors for diabetes (DM) is growing. Identification of these risk factors aims to prevent DM as early as possible. This study intends to identify the utilization of the Finnish diabetes risk score (FINDRISC) and its development using bibliometric analysis. The keywords “FINDRISC AND Diabetes” were used to search for articles published in 2005-2021 in PubMed. A total of 249 articles were analyzed based on the number of publications per year, journals that publish the papers, number of publications by author and year of publication, number of publications by affiliation and year of publication, number of publications by country of origin of authors and year of publication, number of keywords, number of citations, types of articles, specific topics, and theme mapping. The data visualization was obtained from the Scopus database and the VOSviewer and Biblioshiny applications. Despite the increase in publications, the number of publications on FINDRISC in DM patients is still very few per year, with 92.8% being the primary study. Based on clusters of the country of origin, publications are still dominated by researchers from countries in the European region, and the researchers intensely relate to each other through citations. Research themes related to FINDRISC are not limited to DM risk factors. This study is the first study of a bibliometric analysis of the utilization of FINRISC in DM patients. The analysis results can be used to evaluate existing research gaps and identify future research opportunities.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80032106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ade Ferdinan, Fitri Sri Rizki, Erwan Kurnianto, Kurniawan Kurniawan
Tumbuhan pandan hutan yang terdapat di gunung Passi Singkawang dengan spesies Freycinetia sessiliflora Rizki belum banyak diteliti terutama kandungan senyawa kimianya. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah fraksinasi dan identifikasi senyawa tanin ekstrak etanol pandan hutan Freycinetia sessiliflora Rizki. Metode fraksinasi yang digunakan adalah kromatografi lapis tipis yang dilanjutkan dengan kromatografi kolom. Skrining fitokimia menggunakan pereaksi FeCl3 serta analisis menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Hasil pemisahan dengan metode kromatografi lapis tipis dan kromatografi kolom menggunakan eluen kloroform: methanol: air (7:3:0,4) dengan nilai Rf 0,25-0,77. Analisis panjang gelombang menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis menunjukan senyawa tanin dengan panjang gelombang maksimum 734,1 nm.
{"title":"Fraksinasi dan identifikasi senyawa tanin dari ekstrak pandan hutan (Freycinetia sessiliflora Rizki)","authors":"Ade Ferdinan, Fitri Sri Rizki, Erwan Kurnianto, Kurniawan Kurniawan","doi":"10.57174/jborn.v2i2.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57174/jborn.v2i2.48","url":null,"abstract":"Tumbuhan pandan hutan yang terdapat di gunung Passi Singkawang dengan spesies Freycinetia sessiliflora Rizki belum banyak diteliti terutama kandungan senyawa kimianya. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah fraksinasi dan identifikasi senyawa tanin ekstrak etanol pandan hutan Freycinetia sessiliflora Rizki. Metode fraksinasi yang digunakan adalah kromatografi lapis tipis yang dilanjutkan dengan kromatografi kolom. Skrining fitokimia menggunakan pereaksi FeCl3 serta analisis menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Hasil pemisahan dengan metode kromatografi lapis tipis dan kromatografi kolom menggunakan eluen kloroform: methanol: air (7:3:0,4) dengan nilai Rf 0,25-0,77. Analisis panjang gelombang menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis menunjukan senyawa tanin dengan panjang gelombang maksimum 734,1 nm.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79853604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ikan sepat rawa (Trıchopodus trıchopterus) merupakan hewan yang banyak ditemukan di Kalimantan Selatan. Ikan sepat rawa muncul musiman namun belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatahui karakteristik oraganoleptis dan kimia berupa kadar air, kadar abu, kadar serat, kadar lemak dan kadar protein tepung ikan sepat rawa. Pembuatan tepung ikan sepat rawa dengan menggunakan metode pengukusan pada suhu 90˚C selama 20 menit dan pemanasan oven dengan suhu 70˚C selama 80 menit. Hasil penelitian ikan sepat rawa menunjukkan karakteristik organoleptis berupa warna cokelat muda, aroma harum/khas, rasa hambar kemanisan, dan tekstur kering sedangkan hasil analisis kimia didapatkan kadar protein sebesar 44,84%, kadar serat 1,88%, kadar lemak 4,12%, kadar abu 14,63%, dan kadar air 5,98%. Berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesi (SNI), dari kelima pengujian karakteristik kimia didapatkan hasil uji kadar protein termasuk dalam standar mutu III, serat termasuk dalam standar mutu II, kadar lemak termasuk dalam standar mutu I, kadar abu termasuk standar mutu I, kadar air temasuk standar mutu I.
{"title":"Analısıs karakterıstık organoleptıs dan kimia tepung ıkan sepat rawa (Trıchopodus trıchopterus)","authors":"Bella Rosalina Endah, Fitri Yanti, Karunita Ika Astuti, Vebruati Vebruati","doi":"10.57174/jborn.v2i2.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57174/jborn.v2i2.47","url":null,"abstract":"Ikan sepat rawa (Trıchopodus trıchopterus) merupakan hewan yang banyak ditemukan di Kalimantan Selatan. Ikan sepat rawa muncul musiman namun belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatahui karakteristik oraganoleptis dan kimia berupa kadar air, kadar abu, kadar serat, kadar lemak dan kadar protein tepung ikan sepat rawa. Pembuatan tepung ikan sepat rawa dengan menggunakan metode pengukusan pada suhu 90˚C selama 20 menit dan pemanasan oven dengan suhu 70˚C selama 80 menit. Hasil penelitian ikan sepat rawa menunjukkan karakteristik organoleptis berupa warna cokelat muda, aroma harum/khas, rasa hambar kemanisan, dan tekstur kering sedangkan hasil analisis kimia didapatkan kadar protein sebesar 44,84%, kadar serat 1,88%, kadar lemak 4,12%, kadar abu 14,63%, dan kadar air 5,98%. Berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesi (SNI), dari kelima pengujian karakteristik kimia didapatkan hasil uji kadar protein termasuk dalam standar mutu III, serat termasuk dalam standar mutu II, kadar lemak termasuk dalam standar mutu I, kadar abu termasuk standar mutu I, kadar air temasuk standar mutu I.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82052636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gastritis dapat menyerang semua kalangan masyarakat dan biasanya ditandai dengan gejala seperti mual muntah dan nyeri pada ulu hati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola peresepan obat pada pasien gastritis di apotek “X” kota Tarakan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional deskriptif retrospektif. Metode sampling yang digunakan adalah total sampling berdasarkan data pasien yang terdiagnosis gastritis pada tahun 2021. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan jumlah pasien gastritis adalah sebanyak 309 pasien dengan 209 diantaranya adalah perempuan dan sebanyak 100 pasien laki-laki. Kelompok umur yang paling banyak didiagnosa gastritis adalah kelompok umur 26-45 tahun yaitu mencapai 131 (42,39%) pasien. Obat yang paling banyak digunakan adalah golongan PPI (Proton pump inhibitor) sebanyak 207 (40,51%) resep.
{"title":"Pola peresepan obat pada pasıen gastrıtıs dı apotek “X” kota Tarakan tahun 2021","authors":"Didin Sampurno Aji, Benazir Evita Rukaya, Syuhada","doi":"10.57174/jborn.v2i2.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57174/jborn.v2i2.46","url":null,"abstract":"Gastritis dapat menyerang semua kalangan masyarakat dan biasanya ditandai dengan gejala seperti mual muntah dan nyeri pada ulu hati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola peresepan obat pada pasien gastritis di apotek “X” kota Tarakan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional deskriptif retrospektif. Metode sampling yang digunakan adalah total sampling berdasarkan data pasien yang terdiagnosis gastritis pada tahun 2021. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan jumlah pasien gastritis adalah sebanyak 309 pasien dengan 209 diantaranya adalah perempuan dan sebanyak 100 pasien laki-laki. Kelompok umur yang paling banyak didiagnosa gastritis adalah kelompok umur 26-45 tahun yaitu mencapai 131 (42,39%) pasien. Obat yang paling banyak digunakan adalah golongan PPI (Proton pump inhibitor) sebanyak 207 (40,51%) resep.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77152125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) merupakan salah satu buah dengan banyak manfaat, termasuk dalam pemanfaatannya sebagai obat tradisional. Secara tradisional daun pepaya digunakan dalam pengobatan jerawat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas fraksi n-hexan dan etil asetat ekstrak etanol daun pepaya terhadap pertumbuhan Propionibacterium acnes. Fraksi n-hexan dan etil asetat diperoleh dengan melakukan ekstraksi bertingkat menggunakan metode maserasi. Fraksi yang diperoleh kemudian diuji menggunakan metode difusi agar (sumuran) untuk melihat efektivitasnya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Hasil uji yang diperoleh dari fraksi n-hexan dan etil asetat konsentrasi 10%, 15% dan 20% dengan kontrol positif erythromicin 0,375%, dan kontrol negatif pelarut (n-hexan dan etil asetat) berupa diameter zona hambat. Fraksi etil asetat dengan konsentrasi 10%, 15% dan 20% merupakan fraksi yang paling efektif dengan diameter rata-rata sebesar 14,7±6,33; 16,4±1,55; dan 18,7±4,14. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah fraksi etil asetat daun pepaya konsentrasi 15% adalah fraksi yang paling optimal dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes.
{"title":"Uji aktivitas fraksi n-hexan dan etil asetat ekstrak etanol daun pepaya (Carica papaya L.) terhadap Propionibacterium acnes","authors":"Syarifah Fauziah, Benazir Evita Rukaya, Syuhada","doi":"10.57174/jborn.v2i2.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57174/jborn.v2i2.36","url":null,"abstract":"Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) merupakan salah satu buah dengan banyak manfaat, termasuk dalam pemanfaatannya sebagai obat tradisional. Secara tradisional daun pepaya digunakan dalam pengobatan jerawat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas fraksi n-hexan dan etil asetat ekstrak etanol daun pepaya terhadap pertumbuhan Propionibacterium acnes. Fraksi n-hexan dan etil asetat diperoleh dengan melakukan ekstraksi bertingkat menggunakan metode maserasi. Fraksi yang diperoleh kemudian diuji menggunakan metode difusi agar (sumuran) untuk melihat efektivitasnya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Hasil uji yang diperoleh dari fraksi n-hexan dan etil asetat konsentrasi 10%, 15% dan 20% dengan kontrol positif erythromicin 0,375%, dan kontrol negatif pelarut (n-hexan dan etil asetat) berupa diameter zona hambat. Fraksi etil asetat dengan konsentrasi 10%, 15% dan 20% merupakan fraksi yang paling efektif dengan diameter rata-rata sebesar 14,7±6,33; 16,4±1,55; dan 18,7±4,14. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah fraksi etil asetat daun pepaya konsentrasi 15% adalah fraksi yang paling optimal dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83095835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salah satu kosmetik popular yang dianggap efektif dalam mengatasi penuaan kulit adalah serum anti-aging dengan kandungan antioksidan kuat. Antioksidan alami sebagian besar diperoleh dari tanaman salah satunya berasal dari daun cempedak (Arthocarpus champeden Spreng.). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan evaluasi stabilitas fisik formula serum ekstrak etil asetat daun campedak (EEADC) menggunakan hasil penelitian sebelumnya. Formulasi serum dengan konsentrasi zat aktif sebesar 0,05% yang telah dibuat, dievaluasi stabilitas fisiknya selama masa penyimpanan hari ke-0, 2, 4 dan 7, yang meliputi uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, dan viskositas, kemudian dilakukan analisis data. Hasil dari evaluasi yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa serum EEADC memenuhi kriteria standar untuk evaluasi organoleptik, homogenitas dan pH. Namun, pada evaluasi daya sebar dan viskositas sebaliknya (tidak memenuhi kriteria standar). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlu dilakukan evaluasi dan optimasi formula serum EEADC.
{"title":"Uji stabilitas fisik serum anti-aging ekstrak etil asetat daun cempedak (Arthocarpus champeden Spreng.)","authors":"Salsabyla Asky, Benazir evita rukaya, Faizal Mustamin","doi":"10.57174/jborn.v2i2.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57174/jborn.v2i2.37","url":null,"abstract":"Salah satu kosmetik popular yang dianggap efektif dalam mengatasi penuaan kulit adalah serum anti-aging dengan kandungan antioksidan kuat. Antioksidan alami sebagian besar diperoleh dari tanaman salah satunya berasal dari daun cempedak (Arthocarpus champeden Spreng.). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan evaluasi stabilitas fisik formula serum ekstrak etil asetat daun campedak (EEADC) menggunakan hasil penelitian sebelumnya. Formulasi serum dengan konsentrasi zat aktif sebesar 0,05% yang telah dibuat, dievaluasi stabilitas fisiknya selama masa penyimpanan hari ke-0, 2, 4 dan 7, yang meliputi uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, dan viskositas, kemudian dilakukan analisis data. Hasil dari evaluasi yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa serum EEADC memenuhi kriteria standar untuk evaluasi organoleptik, homogenitas dan pH. Namun, pada evaluasi daya sebar dan viskositas sebaliknya (tidak memenuhi kriteria standar). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlu dilakukan evaluasi dan optimasi formula serum EEADC.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91063945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fery Indradewi Armadany, Dian Munasari Solo, Ari Putra Utama, Andi Nafisah Tendri Adjeng
Komba-komba (Chromolaena odorata L.) merupakan salah satu tumbuhan yang dapat digunakan sebagai larvasida alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas ekstrak daun komba-komba berbunga kuning dan bentuk sediaan granulnya sebagai larvasida. Daun komba-komba diekstraksi secara maserasi menggunakan etanol 96% kemudian didelipidasi menggunakan n-heksan. Ekstrak diidentifikasi metabolit sekundernya melalui skrining fitokimia secara kualitatif mengikuti metode Harborne. Pengujian aktivitas larvasida dilakukan pada ekstrak etanol dan ekstrak etanol terdelipidasi pada konsentrasi 250 ppm, 500 ppm, 1000 ppm dan 2000 ppm untuk mengetahui nilai Lethal Concentration/LC50. Ekstrak diformulasi menjadi sediaan granul menggunakan metode granulasi basah. Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukkan metabolit sekunder ekstrak etanol daun komba-komba yaitu alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin dan tannin. Uji aktivitas larvasida menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol terdelipidasi memiliki aktivitas lebih baik dibandingkan ekstrak etanol dengan nilai LC50 ekstrak etanol terdelipidasi sebesar 261,6 ppm dan ekstrak etanol sebesar 317,1 ppm. Ekstrak tanol terdelipidasi dengan konsentrasi 1000 ppm ke atas berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dalam bentuk sediaan granul karena memiliki aktivitas larvasida setara dengan kontrol positif (temefos 1000 ppm). Ekstrak etanol terdelipidasi daun komba-komba diformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan granul menggunakan kombinasi eksipien amilum, PVP dan laktosa. Uji aktivitas larvasida pada granul menunjukkan nilai LC50 sebesar 225,8 ppm.
{"title":"Ujı aktıvıtas sedıaan granul darı ekstrak etanol daun komba-komba (Chromolaena odorata L.) sebagaı larvasıda","authors":"Fery Indradewi Armadany, Dian Munasari Solo, Ari Putra Utama, Andi Nafisah Tendri Adjeng","doi":"10.57174/jborn.v2i2.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57174/jborn.v2i2.45","url":null,"abstract":"Komba-komba (Chromolaena odorata L.) merupakan salah satu tumbuhan yang dapat digunakan sebagai larvasida alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas ekstrak daun komba-komba berbunga kuning dan bentuk sediaan granulnya sebagai larvasida. Daun komba-komba diekstraksi secara maserasi menggunakan etanol 96% kemudian didelipidasi menggunakan n-heksan. Ekstrak diidentifikasi metabolit sekundernya melalui skrining fitokimia secara kualitatif mengikuti metode Harborne. Pengujian aktivitas larvasida dilakukan pada ekstrak etanol dan ekstrak etanol terdelipidasi pada konsentrasi 250 ppm, 500 ppm, 1000 ppm dan 2000 ppm untuk mengetahui nilai Lethal Concentration/LC50. Ekstrak diformulasi menjadi sediaan granul menggunakan metode granulasi basah. Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukkan metabolit sekunder ekstrak etanol daun komba-komba yaitu alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin dan tannin. Uji aktivitas larvasida menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol terdelipidasi memiliki aktivitas lebih baik dibandingkan ekstrak etanol dengan nilai LC50 ekstrak etanol terdelipidasi sebesar 261,6 ppm dan ekstrak etanol sebesar 317,1 ppm. Ekstrak tanol terdelipidasi dengan konsentrasi 1000 ppm ke atas berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dalam bentuk sediaan granul karena memiliki aktivitas larvasida setara dengan kontrol positif (temefos 1000 ppm). Ekstrak etanol terdelipidasi daun komba-komba diformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan granul menggunakan kombinasi eksipien amilum, PVP dan laktosa. Uji aktivitas larvasida pada granul menunjukkan nilai LC50 sebesar 225,8 ppm.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91311116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：