Kapraunia is a genus recently segregated from Polysiphonia sensu lato, with only four species so far known. However, no species have been found on the South Atlantic coast. Recent collections in southwestern Brazil revealed specimens morphologically similar to Kapraunia spp. To investigate the identity of these specimens, we carried out a morphological and molecular study based on COI-5P and rbcL sequences. Phylogenetic analysis placed our samples within the genus Kapraunia as a new species with full support, described here as Kapraunia silviae sp. nov. K. silviae is recognizable by a combination of characters such as attachment by a basal disc and a prostrate system, branches developing laterally to the trichoblasts, 5–6 pericentral cells, rarely 4. The species differs from K. pentamera by the attachment form, segment proportions and tetrasporangial dimensions, and from K. schneideri by the number of pericentral cells, branch development and tetrasporangial arrangement. Re-examination of herbarium samples from Brazil in older collections also revealed misidentifications of K. silviae as “Carradoriella denudata”. This new species seems to be restricted to the Brazilian coast, being found only on the northern coast of São Paulo state. Our results reinforce the need for revision of Polysiphonia s.l. species on the Brazilian coast.
Kapraunia 是最近从 Polysiphonia sensu lato 中分离出来的一个属，目前已知的只有四个物种。然而，在南大西洋沿岸还没有发现任何物种。为了研究这些标本的身份，我们根据 COI-5P 和 rbcL 序列进行了形态学和分子研究。系统进化分析将我们的样本归入 Kapraunia 属，成为一个完全支持的新物种，在此描述为 Kapraunia silviae sp.该种与 K. pentamera 的不同之处在于附着形式、裂片比例和四孢子囊尺寸，与 K. schneideri 的不同之处在于四孢子囊周围细胞的数量、分枝的发育和四孢子囊的排列。对标本馆收藏的巴西老样本的重新检查也发现了将 K. silviae 误认为 "Carradoriella denudata "的情况。这个新物种似乎仅限于巴西海岸，只在圣保罗州北部海岸发现。我们的研究结果加强了对巴西海岸 Polysiphonia s.l. 物种进行修订的必要性。
{"title":"Kapraunia silviae (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta), a new species from the South Atlantic Ocean","authors":"Jhullyrson O.F. de Brito, Valéria Cassano","doi":"10.1515/bot-2023-0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2023-0101","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:italic>Kapraunia</jats:italic> is a genus recently segregated from <jats:italic>Polysiphonia sensu lato</jats:italic>, with only four species so far known. However, no species have been found on the South Atlantic coast. Recent collections in southwestern Brazil revealed specimens morphologically similar to <jats:italic>Kapraunia</jats:italic> spp. To investigate the identity of these specimens, we carried out a morphological and molecular study based on COI-5P and <jats:italic>rbc</jats:italic>L sequences. Phylogenetic analysis placed our samples within the genus <jats:italic>Kapraunia</jats:italic> as a new species with full support, described here as <jats:italic>Kapraunia silviae</jats:italic> sp. nov. <jats:italic>K. silviae</jats:italic> is recognizable by a combination of characters such as attachment by a basal disc and a prostrate system, branches developing laterally to the trichoblasts, 5–6 pericentral cells, rarely 4. The species differs from <jats:italic>K. pentamera</jats:italic> by the attachment form, segment proportions and tetrasporangial dimensions, and from <jats:italic>K. schneideri</jats:italic> by the number of pericentral cells, branch development and tetrasporangial arrangement. Re-examination of herbarium samples from Brazil in older collections also revealed misidentifications of <jats:italic>K. silviae</jats:italic> as “<jats:italic>Carradoriella denudata</jats:italic>”. This new species seems to be restricted to the Brazilian coast, being found only on the northern coast of São Paulo state. Our results reinforce the need for revision of <jats:italic>Polysiphonia s.l.</jats:italic> species on the Brazilian coast.","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141549756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new family, genus, and species record, Gayralia brasiliensis (Gayraliaceae, Ulotrichales, Chlorophyta) is reported in Singapore using chloroplast elongation factor Tu (tufA) and nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) markers alongside gross and microscopic examination. This species was likely missed by previous surveys due to its limited local distribution, superficial similarity to the much more common Ulva, and its small size. Morphologically, G. brasiliensis in Singapore is more similar to G. oxysperma than to G. brasiliensis in Brazil. This study demonstrates the importance of integrative molecular and morphological analysis for characterising macroalgal diversity.
利用叶绿体伸长因子 Tu（tufA）和核内部转录间隔标记（ITS）以及大体和显微镜检查，报告了新加坡的一个新科、新属和新种记录--Gayralia brasiliensis（Gayraliaceae, Ulotrichales, Chlorophyta）。由于该物种在当地的分布有限，表面上与更常见的莼菜相似，而且体型较小，因此以前的调查很可能遗漏了该物种。从形态上看，新加坡的 G. brasiliensis 与巴西的 G. oxysperma 更为相似。这项研究表明了分子和形态学综合分析在描述大型藻类多样性特征方面的重要性。
{"title":"New record of the green macroalga Gayralia brasiliensis (Ulotrichales, Chlorophyta) in Singapore","authors":"Yu Fei Ng, Regina Shu Wen Yeo, Danwei Huang","doi":"10.1515/bot-2024-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2024-0014","url":null,"abstract":"A new family, genus, and species record, <jats:italic>Gayralia brasiliensis</jats:italic> (Gayraliaceae, Ulotrichales, Chlorophyta) is reported in Singapore using chloroplast elongation factor Tu (<jats:italic>tuf</jats:italic>A) and nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) markers alongside gross and microscopic examination. This species was likely missed by previous surveys due to its limited local distribution, superficial similarity to the much more common <jats:italic>Ulva</jats:italic>, and its small size. Morphologically, <jats:italic>G. brasiliensis</jats:italic> in Singapore is more similar to <jats:italic>G. oxysperma</jats:italic> than to <jats:italic>G. brasiliensis</jats:italic> in Brazil. This study demonstrates the importance of integrative molecular and morphological analysis for characterising macroalgal diversity.","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141549799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The systematics and biogeography of the brown seaweed genus Lobophora (Dictyotales) are increasingly being investigated globally using DNA data coupled with morphology. In Thailand, DNA-assisted Lobophora diversity assessment has been limited to the east coast. The present study employed molecular (cox3, psbA, and rbcL gene sequences) and morphological analyses to explore the diversity of Lobophora around Phuket Island on the Thai west coast. Our findings revealed three new species: Lobophora phuketensis sp. nov., L. andamanensis sp. nov., and L. rachaensis sp. nov. Phylogenetic analyses clearly demonstrated that these new species are genetically distinct from other Lobophora species. These new Lobophora species can be distinguished morphologically by differences in their growth habit, coloration, and thallus thickness, despite some overlapping morphological traits. Our study has increased the known Lobophora diversity in Thailand to 12 species, the highest in Southeast Asia. We also detected ecological similarities and differences among these Lobophora species. This research enhances our understanding of the biodiversity and biogeographic patterns of Lobophora in Thailand and the Central Indo-Pacific region. Further studies should investigate Lobophora diversity in unsampled areas and explore ecological factors facilitating sympatric coexistence through field observations and experiments.
全球正越来越多地利用 DNA 数据结合形态学研究褐藻属（Dictyotales）的系统学和生物地理学。在泰国，DNA辅助的Lobophora多样性评估仅限于东海岸。本研究利用分子（cox3、psbA 和 rbcL 基因序列）和形态学分析，探讨了泰国西海岸普吉岛附近的龙须菜多样性。我们的研究结果发现了三个新物种：Lobophora phuketensis sp.nov.、L. andamanensis sp.nov.和 L. rachaensis sp.nov.。系统发育分析清楚地表明，这些新种在基因上有别于其他琵琶属物种。尽管这些新种在形态特征上有一些重叠，但它们在生长习性、颜色和菌体厚度上的差异可以使它们在形态上区分开来。我们的研究使泰国已知的 Lobophora 种类增至 12 种，为东南亚之最。我们还发现了这些龙须菜物种之间的生态异同。这项研究加深了我们对泰国和中印度洋-太平洋地区龙须菜生物多样性和生物地理格局的了解。进一步的研究应调查未取样地区的龙须菜多样性，并通过实地观察和实验探索促进同域共存的生态因素。
{"title":"Three new Lobophora species (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) from Phuket on the west coast of Thailand","authors":"Narapat Jurejan, Stefano G.A. Draisma, Christophe Vieira, Zhongmin Sun, Piyathap Avakul, Anirut Klomjit, Anong Chirapart, Narongrit Muangmai","doi":"10.1515/bot-2024-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2024-0026","url":null,"abstract":"The systematics and biogeography of the brown seaweed genus <jats:italic>Lobophora</jats:italic> (Dictyotales) are increasingly being investigated globally using DNA data coupled with morphology. In Thailand, DNA-assisted <jats:italic>Lobophora</jats:italic> diversity assessment has been limited to the east coast. The present study employed molecular (<jats:italic>cox</jats:italic>3, <jats:italic>psb</jats:italic>A, and <jats:italic>rbc</jats:italic>L gene sequences) and morphological analyses to explore the diversity of <jats:italic>Lobophora</jats:italic> around Phuket Island on the Thai west coast. Our findings revealed three new species: <jats:italic>Lobophora phuketensis</jats:italic> sp. nov., <jats:italic>L. andamanensis</jats:italic> sp. nov., and <jats:italic>L. rachaensis</jats:italic> sp. nov. Phylogenetic analyses clearly demonstrated that these new species are genetically distinct from other <jats:italic>Lobophora</jats:italic> species. These new <jats:italic>Lobophora</jats:italic> species can be distinguished morphologically by differences in their growth habit, coloration, and thallus thickness, despite some overlapping morphological traits. Our study has increased the known <jats:italic>Lobophora</jats:italic> diversity in Thailand to 12 species, the highest in Southeast Asia. We also detected ecological similarities and differences among these <jats:italic>Lobophora</jats:italic> species. This research enhances our understanding of the biodiversity and biogeographic patterns of <jats:italic>Lobophora</jats:italic> in Thailand and the Central Indo-Pacific region. Further studies should investigate <jats:italic>Lobophora</jats:italic> diversity in unsampled areas and explore ecological factors facilitating sympatric coexistence through field observations and experiments.","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141529447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In our collections from the Northwest Pacific waters, we found several specimens of the red algae Lukinia dissecta and Callophyllis perestenkoae with darker spots on their thalli, which contained an unusual pennate diatom. A detailed morphological analysis based on light and scanning electron microscopy observations made it possible to describe a new species of endophytic diatom, Pseudogomphonema lukinicum sp. nov. Stonik et Skriptsova. The new species has some morphological features typical of the genus, such as the heteropolarity of the valves, the presence of pseudosepta and small apical chambers at both poles of the valves, and nonporous girdle bands. Pseudogomphonema lukinicum has been described and distinguished from the other species in the genus on the basis of a combination of morphological traits, including relatively small cell dimensions, a slightly asymmetrical valve to the transapical axis, with obtusely rounded headpole and narrower footpole, the large asymmetrical central area, and the presence of apical chambers at both poles. Pseudogomphonema lukinicum is the second representative of Pseudogomphonema known to be living endophytically. The data on the species composition of endophytic diatoms in marine macroalgae, their habitats, and host organisms reported in the literature to date are summarized.
{"title":"Pseudogomphonema lukinicum sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae), a new endophytic diatom found inside multicellular red algae from the Northwest Pacific","authors":"Inna V. Stonik, Anna V. Skriptsova","doi":"10.1515/bot-2024-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2024-0029","url":null,"abstract":"In our collections from the Northwest Pacific waters, we found several specimens of the red algae <jats:italic>Lukinia dissecta</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Callophyllis perestenkoae</jats:italic> with darker spots on their thalli, which contained an unusual pennate diatom. A detailed morphological analysis based on light and scanning electron microscopy observations made it possible to describe a new species of endophytic diatom, <jats:italic>Pseudogomphonema lukinicum</jats:italic> sp. nov. Stonik <jats:italic>et</jats:italic> Skriptsova. The new species has some morphological features typical of the genus, such as the heteropolarity of the valves, the presence of pseudosepta and small apical chambers at both poles of the valves, and nonporous girdle bands. <jats:italic>Pseudogomphonema lukinicum</jats:italic> has been described and distinguished from the other species in the genus on the basis of a combination of morphological traits, including relatively small cell dimensions, a slightly asymmetrical valve to the transapical axis, with obtusely rounded headpole and narrower footpole, the large asymmetrical central area, and the presence of apical chambers at both poles. <jats:italic>Pseudogomphonema lukinicum</jats:italic> is the second representative of <jats:italic>Pseudogomphonema</jats:italic> known to be living endophytically. The data on the species composition of endophytic diatoms in marine macroalgae, their habitats, and host organisms reported in the literature to date are summarized.","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141529449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To improve the quality and quantity of seaweed mariculture harvests, seedlings are frequently introduced from regions geographically apart from cultivation sites. The effects of such introduction have been insufficiently studied, despite increasing demands on seaweed cultivation as a measure against global warming. We here evaluated the degree of cryptic invasion occurring through mariculture using a brown algal species, Undaria pinnatifida. Cultivated materials used in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan, were introduced from northern Japan in the 1970s. Based on the clear genetic structure among Japanese Undaria populations, we compared mitochondrial haplotypes between wild populations and cultivated materials in the Seto Inland Sea. All cultivated materials analyzed had haplogroups native to northern Japan. Multiple haplogroups were observed in the wild populations, especially those in the eastern Seto Inland Sea, which is exceptional considering the reported genetic structure. Some northern Japan haplotypes were observed both in cultivated materials and wild individuals. A northern Japan haplogroup was predominant at several sites near Undaria-cultivation sites. These results strongly suggested that cryptic invasion through Undaria mariculture occurred here, although its ecological impact remains unclear. There is a clear risk of invasion by mariculture seedlings from other regions, even when native conspecific populations are present.
{"title":"Evaluation of cryptic invasion in Japanese Undaria populations based on mitochondrial haplotypic analysis","authors":"Shinya Uwai, Daisuke Saito, Yoichi Sato","doi":"10.1515/bot-2024-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2024-0002","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the quality and quantity of seaweed mariculture harvests, seedlings are frequently introduced from regions geographically apart from cultivation sites. The effects of such introduction have been insufficiently studied, despite increasing demands on seaweed cultivation as a measure against global warming. We here evaluated the degree of cryptic invasion occurring through mariculture using a brown algal species, <jats:italic>Undaria pinnatifida</jats:italic>. Cultivated materials used in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan, were introduced from northern Japan in the 1970s. Based on the clear genetic structure among Japanese <jats:italic>Undaria</jats:italic> populations, we compared mitochondrial haplotypes between wild populations and cultivated materials in the Seto Inland Sea. All cultivated materials analyzed had haplogroups native to northern Japan. Multiple haplogroups were observed in the wild populations, especially those in the eastern Seto Inland Sea, which is exceptional considering the reported genetic structure. Some northern Japan haplotypes were observed both in cultivated materials and wild individuals. A northern Japan haplogroup was predominant at several sites near <jats:italic>Undaria</jats:italic>-cultivation sites. These results strongly suggested that cryptic invasion through <jats:italic>Undaria</jats:italic> mariculture occurred here, although its ecological impact remains unclear. There is a clear risk of invasion by mariculture seedlings from other regions, even when native conspecific populations are present.","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141529448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simona Armeli Minicante, James T. Melton, Damiano Spagnuolo, Antonio Manghisi, Giuseppa Genovese, Marina Morabito, Juan Lopez-Bautista
The genus Ulva Linnaeus 1753 is well known for its global distribution and containing many taxonomically debated species. Their morphological plasticity and cryptic nature overrepresent and underrepresent, respectively, the biodiversity of these species. The difficulty in morphologically identifying Ulva species has led to the accumulation of many species names that are currently considered synonyms. The correct identification of these species is crucial due to their significant role in marine ecosystems and mariculture. In the last 30 years, several checklists and taxonomic contributions have been made from the Italian coast on Ulva species, almost entirely based on morphological studies and only a few papers with molecular data have been published. In this study, samples deposited at the Institute of Marine Sciences (ISMAR) and Phycological Lab (PHL) herbaria have been reviewed by sequencing the chloroplast-encoded elongation factor Tu (tufA) barcode marker. The results obtained provide an update of the DNA barcode inventory of Ulva species for the Lagoon of Venice and the Strait of Messina, two ecosystems characterized by a high algal biogeographical diversity and continuous introduction due to anthropogenic activities. Here, ten Ulva species were identified based on molecular data. Furthermore, we record the presence of Ulva chaugulei on the coast of Tunisia.
{"title":"A DNA barcode inventory of the genus Ulva (Chlorophyta) along two Italian regions: updates and considerations","authors":"Simona Armeli Minicante, James T. Melton, Damiano Spagnuolo, Antonio Manghisi, Giuseppa Genovese, Marina Morabito, Juan Lopez-Bautista","doi":"10.1515/bot-2023-0071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2023-0071","url":null,"abstract":"The genus <jats:italic>Ulva</jats:italic> Linnaeus 1753 is well known for its global distribution and containing many taxonomically debated species. Their morphological plasticity and cryptic nature overrepresent and underrepresent, respectively, the biodiversity of these species. The difficulty in morphologically identifying <jats:italic>Ulva</jats:italic> species has led to the accumulation of many species names that are currently considered synonyms. The correct identification of these species is crucial due to their significant role in marine ecosystems and mariculture. In the last 30 years, several checklists and taxonomic contributions have been made from the Italian coast on <jats:italic>Ulva</jats:italic> species, almost entirely based on morphological studies and only a few papers with molecular data have been published. In this study, samples deposited at the Institute of Marine Sciences (ISMAR) and Phycological Lab (PHL) herbaria have been reviewed by sequencing the chloroplast-encoded elongation factor Tu (<jats:italic>tuf</jats:italic>A) barcode marker. The results obtained provide an update of the DNA barcode inventory of <jats:italic>Ulva</jats:italic> species for the Lagoon of Venice and the Strait of Messina, two ecosystems characterized by a high algal biogeographical diversity and continuous introduction due to anthropogenic activities. Here, ten <jats:italic>Ulva</jats:italic> species were identified based on molecular data. Furthermore, we record the presence of <jats:italic>Ulva chaugulei</jats:italic> on the coast of Tunisia.","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141529451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyeon Ho Shin, Zhun Li, Kenneth Neil Mertens, Yeong Du Yoo, Joo Yeon Youn, Minji Lee, Haifeng Gu
Two Gonyaulax-like strains were established by isolating cells from Korean coastal waters, and their morphologies and molecular phylogenies based on SSU and LSU rRNA gene sequences were examined. The motile cells displayed neutral torsion and a plate formula typical for the genus Gonyaulax, and were characterized by a reticulated surface with many pores, and a marked antapical flange on the boundary between 1″″ and 2p or two prominent spines. The reticulate ornamentation was sometimes absent on the plate margin or on the entire plate. Pronounced rows of pores on the margins of precingular, cingular and postcingular plates were observed, and especially a distinct pore was always present on the margin of the anterior sulcal plate contacting with 1″. A spiniferate resting cyst had a red body, gonal and intergonal processes, and an antapical flange. In the phylogenetic tree, the Korean isolates had a close relationship to Gonyaulax membranacea and were clearly divergent from other Gonyaulax species. These species can be distinguished by the presence or absence of a distinct pore on the margin of the anterior sulcal plate in touch with 1″, and different process types in cyst morphology. Based on these morpho-molecular data, Gonyaulax kunsanensis sp. nov. is proposed.
{"title":"Morphology and molecular phylogeny of Gonyaulax kunsanensis sp. nov. (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae) from Korean coastal waters","authors":"Hyeon Ho Shin, Zhun Li, Kenneth Neil Mertens, Yeong Du Yoo, Joo Yeon Youn, Minji Lee, Haifeng Gu","doi":"10.1515/bot-2023-0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2023-0106","url":null,"abstract":"Two <jats:italic>Gonyaulax</jats:italic>-like strains were established by isolating cells from Korean coastal waters, and their morphologies and molecular phylogenies based on SSU and LSU rRNA gene sequences were examined. The motile cells displayed neutral torsion and a plate formula typical for the genus <jats:italic>Gonyaulax</jats:italic>, and were characterized by a reticulated surface with many pores, and a marked antapical flange on the boundary between 1″″ and 2p or two prominent spines. The reticulate ornamentation was sometimes absent on the plate margin or on the entire plate. Pronounced rows of pores on the margins of precingular, cingular and postcingular plates were observed, and especially a distinct pore was always present on the margin of the anterior sulcal plate contacting with 1″. A spiniferate resting cyst had a red body, gonal and intergonal processes, and an antapical flange. In the phylogenetic tree, the Korean isolates had a close relationship to <jats:italic>Gonyaulax membranacea</jats:italic> and were clearly divergent from other <jats:italic>Gonyaulax</jats:italic> species. These species can be distinguished by the presence or absence of a distinct pore on the margin of the anterior sulcal plate in touch with 1″, and different process types in cyst morphology. Based on these morpho-molecular data, <jats:italic>Gonyaulax kunsanensis</jats:italic> sp. nov. is proposed.","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":"161 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Akira F. Peters, Liliana A. Muñoz, Niko R. Johansson, Anastasia Rizouli, Michael D. Guiry, Ga Youn Cho, Frithjof C. Küpper
The minute marine multicellular heterokont alga originally described as “Giraudyopsis stellifer” by P.J.L. Dangeard, nom. inval., from Atlantic France, was re-isolated by the germling emergence technique and classified according to psaA and psbC sequences. It is genetically similar (99–100 % identity) to Phaeosaccion multiseriatum R.A. Andersen, L. Graf et H.S. Yoon recently described from the NE Pacific, an ephemeral alga of wide geographical distribution. We isolated it also from substratum samples collected in Korea and the Falkland Islands, where it had not been reported previously. Two isolates of similar morphology from the coast of Chile had the same nuclear ribosomal SSU sequence but differed from P. multiseriatum and P. okellyi R.A. Andersen, L. Graf et H.S. Yoon from New Zealand in psaA and psbC sequences (3–4 % genetic distance). These two isolates are here described as Phaeosaccion westermeieri sp. nov.. Our isolations of P. multiseriatum and P. westermeieri are a further demonstration that the germling emergence technique can reveal microscopic multicellular benthic algae that are easily overlooked in the field.
最初由 P.J.L. Dangeard（nom. inval.它与最近从东北太平洋描述的 Phaeosaccion multiseriatum R.A. Andersen、L. Graf et H.S. Yoon 在遗传学上相似（99-100 % 的相同度），后者是一种昙花一现的藻类，地理分布广泛。我们还从韩国和福克兰群岛采集的底层样本中分离到了这种藻类，而在这些地方以前还没有报道过这种藻类。智利海岸的两个形态相似的分离物具有相同的核核糖体 SSU 序列，但在 psaA 和 psbC 序列上与新西兰的 P. multiseriatum 和 P. okellyi R.A. Andersen, L. Graf et H.S. Yoon 不同（遗传距离为 3-4 %）。这两个分离物被描述为 Phaeosaccion westermeieri sp.我们分离到的P. multiseriatum和P. westermeieri进一步证明了芽苗出现技术可以发现在野外容易被忽视的微小多细胞底栖藻类。
{"title":"Cosmopolitan geographic distribution of Phaeosaccion multiseriatum (Phaeosacciaceae, Phaeosacciophyceae), and description of P. westermeieri sp. nov. from Chile","authors":"Akira F. Peters, Liliana A. Muñoz, Niko R. Johansson, Anastasia Rizouli, Michael D. Guiry, Ga Youn Cho, Frithjof C. Küpper","doi":"10.1515/bot-2024-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2024-0004","url":null,"abstract":"The minute marine multicellular heterokont alga originally described as “<jats:italic>Giraudyopsis stellifer</jats:italic>” by P.J.L. Dangeard, <jats:italic>nom. inval.</jats:italic>, from Atlantic France, was re-isolated by the germling emergence technique and classified according to <jats:italic>psa</jats:italic>A and <jats:italic>psb</jats:italic>C sequences. It is genetically similar (99–100 % identity) to <jats:italic>Phaeosaccion multiseriatum</jats:italic> R.A. Andersen, L. Graf <jats:italic>et</jats:italic> H.S. Yoon recently described from the NE Pacific, an ephemeral alga of wide geographical distribution. We isolated it also from substratum samples collected in Korea and the Falkland Islands, where it had not been reported previously. Two isolates of similar morphology from the coast of Chile had the same nuclear ribosomal SSU sequence but differed from <jats:italic>P. multiseriatum</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P. okellyi</jats:italic> R.A. Andersen, L. Graf <jats:italic>et</jats:italic> H.S. Yoon from New Zealand in <jats:italic>psa</jats:italic>A and <jats:italic>psb</jats:italic>C sequences (3–4 % genetic distance). These two isolates are here described as <jats:italic>Phaeosaccion westermeieri</jats:italic> sp. nov.. Our isolations of <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>.<jats:italic> multiseriatum</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P. westermeieri</jats:italic> are a further demonstration that the germling emergence technique can reveal microscopic multicellular benthic algae that are easily overlooked in the field.","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jhullyrson Osman Ferreira de Brito, Michelle Cristine Santos Silva, Mariana Cabral Oliveira, Franciane Pellizzari, Valéria Cassano, Watson Arantes Gama
Molecular data related to morphology from the multicellular vesiculated genus Dictyosphaeria are scarce. We provide the first molecular data on Dictyosphaeria species from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean, sampled from the Brazilian northeastern coast, and two oceanic islands (Trindade, southeastern Brazil, and Fernando de Noronha, northeastern Brazil). The samples from Brazil were morphologically identified as Dictyosphaeria versluysii and D. ocellata. Our newly generated sequences of D. versluysii formed a monophyletic clade, while their relationship with D. versluysii from the Indo-Pacific Ocean, where the type locality of the species is located, was unresolved. Additionally, the newly generated sequences of D. ocellata confirm its status as a distinct species but reinforce the difficulties in morphologically separating this species. These results might be indicative of cryptic diversity in D. versluysii and highlight the need for molecular data from other geographic locations to understand the diversity and distribution of Dictyosphaeria species.
与多细胞泡囊藻属 Dictyosphaeria 形态有关的分子数据非常稀少。我们首次提供了大西洋西南部 Dictyosphaeria 物种的分子数据，样本来自巴西东北海岸和两个大洋岛屿（巴西东南部的特林达德岛和巴西东北部的费尔南多-德诺罗尼亚岛）。来自巴西的样本经形态学鉴定为 Dictyosphaeria versluysii 和 D. ocellata。我们新生成的 D. versluysii 序列形成了一个单系支系，而它们与该物种模式产地所在的印度-太平洋地区的 D. versluysii 的关系尚未得到解决。此外，新产生的 D. ocellata 的序列证实了其作为一个独立物种的地位，但也增加了从形态学上区分该物种的困难。这些结果可能表明了 D. versluysii 的隐性多样性，并强调了从其他地理位置获取分子数据以了解 Dictyosphaeria 物种的多样性和分布的必要性。
{"title":"Occurrence of Dictyosphaeria (Cladophorales, Chlorophyta) species on the Brazilian coast and oceanic islands, based on morphological and molecular data","authors":"Jhullyrson Osman Ferreira de Brito, Michelle Cristine Santos Silva, Mariana Cabral Oliveira, Franciane Pellizzari, Valéria Cassano, Watson Arantes Gama","doi":"10.1515/bot-2023-0066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2023-0066","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular data related to morphology from the multicellular vesiculated genus <jats:italic>Dictyosphaeria</jats:italic> are scarce. We provide the first molecular data on <jats:italic>Dictyosphaeria</jats:italic> species from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean, sampled from the Brazilian northeastern coast, and two oceanic islands (Trindade, southeastern Brazil, and Fernando de Noronha, northeastern Brazil). The samples from Brazil were morphologically identified as <jats:italic>Dictyosphaeria versluysii</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>D. ocellata</jats:italic>. Our newly generated sequences of <jats:italic>D. versluysii</jats:italic> formed a monophyletic clade, while their relationship with <jats:italic>D. versluysii</jats:italic> from the Indo-Pacific Ocean, where the type locality of the species is located, was unresolved. Additionally, the newly generated sequences of <jats:italic>D. ocellata</jats:italic> confirm its status as a distinct species but reinforce the difficulties in morphologically separating this species. These results might be indicative of cryptic diversity in <jats:italic>D. versluysii</jats:italic> and highlight the need for molecular data from other geographic locations to understand the diversity and distribution of <jats:italic>Dictyosphaeria</jats:italic> species.","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140839763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khaoula Khaya, Annalisa Falace, Ester A. Serrão, João Neiva, Abdeltif Reani, Brahim Sabour, Zahira Belattmania
Brown algal forests provide many ecosystem services but are declining worldwide, prompting a growing number of conservation and restoration efforts. Recent attempts to recover Cystoseira forests are encouraging in the Mediterranean, but whether this is possible in more challenging Atlantic conditions has not yet been investigated. In this study, we assess the feasibility of cultivating Gongolaria nodicaulis by producing ex-situ recruits for reforestation on the Atlantic coast of Morocco. Embryos of G. nodicaulis were cultured on clay tiles for 26 days under controlled conditions without water motion, reaching an average length of 3 mm before being outplanted on the intertidal zone. The transplants were monitored for six months. Recruits experienced high loss rates, approximately 47 % of zygotes within 7 days in culture and 75 % of outplanted seedlings within 10 days in the field. The latter might result from natural self-thinning (competition), but our observations suggested that it was also largely due to the weak attachment of recruits to the tiles resulting from cultivation under calm conditions. Six months after the transplants, the surviving individuals reached the size of wild adult algae (average length of 13.5 cm), and some even became reproductive. Globally, survival rates, growth, physiological condition and fertility in this restoration pilot suggest that ex-situ recruitment and outplanting of G. nodicaulis is a promising approach to recover forests in Atlantic Morocco.
{"title":"Feasibility of ex-situ recruitment and outplanting of Gongolaria nodicaulis (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) for restoration of warm temperate marine forests in Atlantic Morocco","authors":"Khaoula Khaya, Annalisa Falace, Ester A. Serrão, João Neiva, Abdeltif Reani, Brahim Sabour, Zahira Belattmania","doi":"10.1515/bot-2023-0093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2023-0093","url":null,"abstract":"Brown algal forests provide many ecosystem services but are declining worldwide, prompting a growing number of conservation and restoration efforts. Recent attempts to recover <jats:italic>Cystoseira</jats:italic> forests are encouraging in the Mediterranean, but whether this is possible in more challenging Atlantic conditions has not yet been investigated. In this study, we assess the feasibility of cultivating <jats:italic>Gongolaria nodicaulis</jats:italic> by producing <jats:italic>ex-situ</jats:italic> recruits for reforestation on the Atlantic coast of Morocco. Embryos of <jats:italic>G. nodicaulis</jats:italic> were cultured on clay tiles for 26 days under controlled conditions without water motion, reaching an average length of 3 mm before being outplanted on the intertidal zone. The transplants were monitored for six months. Recruits experienced high loss rates, approximately 47 % of zygotes within 7 days in culture and 75 % of outplanted seedlings within 10 days in the field. The latter might result from natural self-thinning (competition), but our observations suggested that it was also largely due to the weak attachment of recruits to the tiles resulting from cultivation under calm conditions. Six months after the transplants, the surviving individuals reached the size of wild adult algae (average length of 13.5 cm), and some even became reproductive. Globally, survival rates, growth, physiological condition and fertility in this restoration pilot suggest that <jats:italic>ex-situ</jats:italic> recruitment and outplanting of <jats:italic>G. nodicaulis</jats:italic> is a promising approach to recover forests in Atlantic Morocco.","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140839952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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