Julio Olguin, P. Velez, V. Solís-Weiss, Alejandra Barrios, Allison K. Walker, Guadalupe Ponce-Vélez, María C. González, Mario Figueroa, Alfonso Botello
Abstract A comprehensive literature review of mycodiversity in sandy beaches and oceanic environments in Mexico is presented through the analysis of published works from 1949 to early 2023. In addition, four unexplored sandy beaches in the Pacific Ocean and Gulf of California were sampled in order to fill knowledge gaps in terms of sampling biases. Marine fungi of Mexico were reported from water column, sediment, and debris samples collected in sandy beaches, open ocean, deep-sea plains, hydrothermal vents, and oxygen minimum zones in the Gulf of Mexico, the Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of California, and the Caribbean Sea. The taxonomic, functional, and genetic diversity, as well as distribution patterns and potential use of marine fungal genetic resources are discussed. A list of 126 species in 83 genera, 40 families, 25 orders, 12 classes, three phyla and one subphylum (excluding non-cultured taxa) of marine fungi is documented from Mexico. Lastly, we identified areas that would benefit from additional research, including the exploration of further deep-sea biomes in the Pacific Ocean, and coastal areas covering ecoregions in the states of Sonora, Sinaloa, Nayarit, Michoacán, and Oaxaca.
{"title":"An overview of fungal taxonomic, functional, and genetic diversity in coastal and oceanic biomes in megadiverse Mexico","authors":"Julio Olguin, P. Velez, V. Solís-Weiss, Alejandra Barrios, Allison K. Walker, Guadalupe Ponce-Vélez, María C. González, Mario Figueroa, Alfonso Botello","doi":"10.1515/bot-2023-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2023-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A comprehensive literature review of mycodiversity in sandy beaches and oceanic environments in Mexico is presented through the analysis of published works from 1949 to early 2023. In addition, four unexplored sandy beaches in the Pacific Ocean and Gulf of California were sampled in order to fill knowledge gaps in terms of sampling biases. Marine fungi of Mexico were reported from water column, sediment, and debris samples collected in sandy beaches, open ocean, deep-sea plains, hydrothermal vents, and oxygen minimum zones in the Gulf of Mexico, the Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of California, and the Caribbean Sea. The taxonomic, functional, and genetic diversity, as well as distribution patterns and potential use of marine fungal genetic resources are discussed. A list of 126 species in 83 genera, 40 families, 25 orders, 12 classes, three phyla and one subphylum (excluding non-cultured taxa) of marine fungi is documented from Mexico. Lastly, we identified areas that would benefit from additional research, including the exploration of further deep-sea biomes in the Pacific Ocean, and coastal areas covering ecoregions in the states of Sonora, Sinaloa, Nayarit, Michoacán, and Oaxaca.","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49475804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Mastogloia frickei Hustedt was found in Guam and studied with scanning electron microscopy. A species known by that name in Florida/Bahamas is shown to be a different species and is described as Mastogloia floridensis sp. nov. Both have alveolate striae, which is unusual in the genus. A third alveolate species was present in Florida samples and had been misidentified previously. It is described as Mastogloia lucayensis sp. nov. Ultrastructure observations of these species expand the diversity of alveolate stria morphology.
{"title":"Alveolate species of Mastogloia (Bacillariophyceae, Mastogloiales), including M. frickei Hustedt 1933 from Guam and two renamed species from Florida","authors":"C. Lobban, T. Frankovich","doi":"10.1515/bot-2023-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2023-0039","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Mastogloia frickei Hustedt was found in Guam and studied with scanning electron microscopy. A species known by that name in Florida/Bahamas is shown to be a different species and is described as Mastogloia floridensis sp. nov. Both have alveolate striae, which is unusual in the genus. A third alveolate species was present in Florida samples and had been misidentified previously. It is described as Mastogloia lucayensis sp. nov. Ultrastructure observations of these species expand the diversity of alveolate stria morphology.","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46706584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andréa de Oliveira da Rocha Franco, M. Ashworth, Debbie Du Preez, E. Campbell, R. Maggioni, S. Manning, C. Odebrecht
Abstract “Surf diatoms” can form high biomass in the surf zone of sandy beaches around the world, Asterionellopsis and Anaulus being the main genera of this group in Brazil. Asterionellopsis glacialis was considered a cosmopolitan species, and taxonomic studies using molecular and morphological tools showed that A. glacialis is a complex with cryptic and semicryptic species. So, it would be plausible to suppose that Anaulus australis, another surf zone patch-forming diatom with wide latitudinal occurrence could also be part of a species complex. We collected and identified Anaulus and Asterionellopsis strains from tropical, subtropical and warm temperate sandy beaches on the east coast of South America (Brazil) based on genetic divergence, phylogeny, single-locus automated species delimitation methods (both genera), and frustule ultrastructure (Anaulus). Anaulus and Asterionellopsis showed contrasting diversity patterns and spatial distribution: a single species of Anaulus australis was registered in tropical and subtropical beaches, while at least three species of Asterionellopsis: A. tropicalis, A. thurstonii and A. guyunusae were observed at different latitudes, indicating that Asterionellopsis species have distinct ecological requirements. Asterionellopsis thurstonii was previously reported in Europe and it is documented here for the first time in the Southern Hemisphere. The different diversity patterns between these two surf diatom genera suggest that they are likely to have distinct ages, and dispersion and/or speciation processes.
{"title":"Surf-diatoms from sandy beaches on the Eastern Coast of South America (Brazil): the identification of Anaulus Ehrenberg and Asterionellopsis Round","authors":"Andréa de Oliveira da Rocha Franco, M. Ashworth, Debbie Du Preez, E. Campbell, R. Maggioni, S. Manning, C. Odebrecht","doi":"10.1515/bot-2022-0067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2022-0067","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract “Surf diatoms” can form high biomass in the surf zone of sandy beaches around the world, Asterionellopsis and Anaulus being the main genera of this group in Brazil. Asterionellopsis glacialis was considered a cosmopolitan species, and taxonomic studies using molecular and morphological tools showed that A. glacialis is a complex with cryptic and semicryptic species. So, it would be plausible to suppose that Anaulus australis, another surf zone patch-forming diatom with wide latitudinal occurrence could also be part of a species complex. We collected and identified Anaulus and Asterionellopsis strains from tropical, subtropical and warm temperate sandy beaches on the east coast of South America (Brazil) based on genetic divergence, phylogeny, single-locus automated species delimitation methods (both genera), and frustule ultrastructure (Anaulus). Anaulus and Asterionellopsis showed contrasting diversity patterns and spatial distribution: a single species of Anaulus australis was registered in tropical and subtropical beaches, while at least three species of Asterionellopsis: A. tropicalis, A. thurstonii and A. guyunusae were observed at different latitudes, indicating that Asterionellopsis species have distinct ecological requirements. Asterionellopsis thurstonii was previously reported in Europe and it is documented here for the first time in the Southern Hemisphere. The different diversity patterns between these two surf diatom genera suggest that they are likely to have distinct ages, and dispersion and/or speciation processes.","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46922261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mark S. Calabon, E. Jones, K. Pang, M. Abdel-Wahab, Jingwan Jin, B. Devadatha, R. B. Sadaba, C. C. Apurillo, K. Hyde
Abstract This article revises the documented diversity of known marine fungi from nine phyla, 33 classes, 107 orders, 273 families, 767 genera and 1898 species reported worldwide. A member of the Aphelidiomycota, Pseudaphelidium drebesii, is reported for the first time from the marine environment, on a diatom. Likewise, the phylum Mortierellomycota is listed following taxonomic changes, as are six subclasses: Chaetothyriomycetidae, Savoryellomycetidae, Sclerococcomycetidae, Agaricostilbomycetidae, Auriculariomycetidae and Aphelidiomycotina. Thirty-three orders and 105 family names with marine species are added to the checklist, along with 641 species in 228 genera, bringing the total to 1898. New additions of species added to the list of marine fungi are highlighted. Four new combinations are proposed: Stigmatodiscus mangrovei, Diaporthe krabiensis and Diaporthe xylocarpi, while the hyphomycete Humicola alopallonella is referred to the genus Halosphaeriopsis, as Halosphaeriopsis alopallonella.
{"title":"Updates on the classification and numbers of marine fungi","authors":"Mark S. Calabon, E. Jones, K. Pang, M. Abdel-Wahab, Jingwan Jin, B. Devadatha, R. B. Sadaba, C. C. Apurillo, K. Hyde","doi":"10.1515/bot-2023-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2023-0032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article revises the documented diversity of known marine fungi from nine phyla, 33 classes, 107 orders, 273 families, 767 genera and 1898 species reported worldwide. A member of the Aphelidiomycota, Pseudaphelidium drebesii, is reported for the first time from the marine environment, on a diatom. Likewise, the phylum Mortierellomycota is listed following taxonomic changes, as are six subclasses: Chaetothyriomycetidae, Savoryellomycetidae, Sclerococcomycetidae, Agaricostilbomycetidae, Auriculariomycetidae and Aphelidiomycotina. Thirty-three orders and 105 family names with marine species are added to the checklist, along with 641 species in 228 genera, bringing the total to 1898. New additions of species added to the list of marine fungi are highlighted. Four new combinations are proposed: Stigmatodiscus mangrovei, Diaporthe krabiensis and Diaporthe xylocarpi, while the hyphomycete Humicola alopallonella is referred to the genus Halosphaeriopsis, as Halosphaeriopsis alopallonella.","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49284548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-13eCollection Date: 2023-08-01DOI: 10.1515/bot-2023-0005
Sarah J Adams, Allison K Walker
Marine fungi play an integral role in the decomposition of intertidal organic substrata but remain understudied in cold-water habitats including Atlantic Canada. Marine inundated wood from the intertidal zone was sampled from 30 sites along the Bay of Fundy coastline in Nova Scotia, Canada. Wood types studied included attached and loose intertidal wood, and driftwood. Emergent fungi were cultured and identified using ITS (internal transcribed spacers) rDNA barcoding. Two hundred and twenty cultures representing 86 fungi are reported. Sixty-one fungi were new records for the Bay of Fundy, 41 are first records from the marine environment, and 19 fungi are potentially new to science. Fungi identified included eight obligate marine fungi, with the remaining fungi being facultatively marine. Eight ascomycetes were soft rot fungi; this ecological strategy for decaying woody material in cold-water marine environments is discussed. Historical records and roles of wood type and site on fungal colonization are discussed.
{"title":"Diversity of fungi from marine inundated wood from the Bay of Fundy, Nova Scotia, Canada.","authors":"Sarah J Adams, Allison K Walker","doi":"10.1515/bot-2023-0005","DOIUrl":"10.1515/bot-2023-0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Marine fungi play an integral role in the decomposition of intertidal organic substrata but remain understudied in cold-water habitats including Atlantic Canada. Marine inundated wood from the intertidal zone was sampled from 30 sites along the Bay of Fundy coastline in Nova Scotia, Canada. Wood types studied included attached and loose intertidal wood, and driftwood. Emergent fungi were cultured and identified using ITS (internal transcribed spacers) rDNA barcoding. Two hundred and twenty cultures representing 86 fungi are reported. Sixty-one fungi were new records for the Bay of Fundy, 41 are first records from the marine environment, and 19 fungi are potentially new to science. Fungi identified included eight obligate marine fungi, with the remaining fungi being facultatively marine. Eight ascomycetes were soft rot fungi; this ecological strategy for decaying woody material in cold-water marine environments is discussed. Historical records and roles of wood type and site on fungal colonization are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":" ","pages":"319-329"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11661551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46994973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diganta Kumar Saikia, C. Chikkaputtaiah, N. Velmurugan
Abstract Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) are nutritionally and pharmacologically well-recognized beneficial compounds widely used as nutrient supplements for various applications. As the human body cannot accomplish de novo synthesis of PUFA, we depend on exogenous bioresources for the supply of these essential PUFA for day-to-day activities. The PUFA global market is expected to reach about US$ 9.7 billion by 2032. The recent drop in natural fish catch and global climate change severely hamper the global PUFA supply chain. As a sustainable, promising resource, marine zoosporic microorganisms are considered to be safe and alternative primary producers of beneficial PUFAs for direct and indirect human consumption. However, by considering the limitations associated with strain efficiency, final product yield and production cost, more viable low-cost production strategies and establishment of highly efficient, stable, high production cell lines specific for marine zoosporic microbes are essential to meet global PUFA market demand. The exploration of the latest techniques for research and development could shape the dynamics better for the global market for marine zoosporic organism-based PUFA products. Therefore, this review first summarizes low-cost production and strain improvement strategies, and later highlights the advantages and commercial prospects for marine zoosporic microbe-derived PUFA.
{"title":"A review of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of marine zoosporic microorganisms and their commercialization","authors":"Diganta Kumar Saikia, C. Chikkaputtaiah, N. Velmurugan","doi":"10.1515/bot-2022-0073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2022-0073","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) are nutritionally and pharmacologically well-recognized beneficial compounds widely used as nutrient supplements for various applications. As the human body cannot accomplish de novo synthesis of PUFA, we depend on exogenous bioresources for the supply of these essential PUFA for day-to-day activities. The PUFA global market is expected to reach about US$ 9.7 billion by 2032. The recent drop in natural fish catch and global climate change severely hamper the global PUFA supply chain. As a sustainable, promising resource, marine zoosporic microorganisms are considered to be safe and alternative primary producers of beneficial PUFAs for direct and indirect human consumption. However, by considering the limitations associated with strain efficiency, final product yield and production cost, more viable low-cost production strategies and establishment of highly efficient, stable, high production cell lines specific for marine zoosporic microbes are essential to meet global PUFA market demand. The exploration of the latest techniques for research and development could shape the dynamics better for the global market for marine zoosporic organism-based PUFA products. Therefore, this review first summarizes low-cost production and strain improvement strategies, and later highlights the advantages and commercial prospects for marine zoosporic microbe-derived PUFA.","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45249853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ami Shaumi, U-Cheang Cheng, Sheng-Yu Guo, E. Jones, T. Chan, K. Pang
Abstract The fungal community associated with marine crabs is poorly known, except for the fungi causing diseases of marine animals of economic value. In this study we examined the diversity of fungi cultured from carapace and gut of the marine crab Portunus sanguinolentus, and the identification was based on nucleotide BLAST search results of the internal transcribed spacers of rDNA (ITS). A total of 256 fungal isolates representing 23 species were cultured from seven individuals of P. sanguinolentus including two unidentified species. The majority of the species belong to the Ascomycota, while three species of the Basidiomycota were isolated from the gut. Overall, Candida tropicalis (45.70 %, percentage occurrence), Apiotrichum lignicola (8.98 %) and Rhodotorula sp. (8.20 %) were the dominant fungi on the crab. The most dominant fungi on the carapace were C. tropicalis (66.95 %), Emericellopsis maritima (8.47 %), A. lignicola and Purpureocillium lilacinum (both 4.24 %). In the gut, C. tropicalis (27.54 %), A. lignicola (16.67 %), Rhodotorula sp. (15.22 %) and Fusarium solani (14.49 %) were dominant. The fungal diversity in the gut of P. sanguinolentus was higher than on the carapace according to the diversity indices. Although some of the isolated fungi were reported to be pathogenic, none were reported as pathogens of crabs, and no disease symptoms were noticed from the crab samples.
{"title":"Diversity of fungi isolated from carapace and gut of the marine crab Portunus sanguinolentus in northern waters of Taiwan","authors":"Ami Shaumi, U-Cheang Cheng, Sheng-Yu Guo, E. Jones, T. Chan, K. Pang","doi":"10.1515/bot-2022-0081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2022-0081","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The fungal community associated with marine crabs is poorly known, except for the fungi causing diseases of marine animals of economic value. In this study we examined the diversity of fungi cultured from carapace and gut of the marine crab Portunus sanguinolentus, and the identification was based on nucleotide BLAST search results of the internal transcribed spacers of rDNA (ITS). A total of 256 fungal isolates representing 23 species were cultured from seven individuals of P. sanguinolentus including two unidentified species. The majority of the species belong to the Ascomycota, while three species of the Basidiomycota were isolated from the gut. Overall, Candida tropicalis (45.70 %, percentage occurrence), Apiotrichum lignicola (8.98 %) and Rhodotorula sp. (8.20 %) were the dominant fungi on the crab. The most dominant fungi on the carapace were C. tropicalis (66.95 %), Emericellopsis maritima (8.47 %), A. lignicola and Purpureocillium lilacinum (both 4.24 %). In the gut, C. tropicalis (27.54 %), A. lignicola (16.67 %), Rhodotorula sp. (15.22 %) and Fusarium solani (14.49 %) were dominant. The fungal diversity in the gut of P. sanguinolentus was higher than on the carapace according to the diversity indices. Although some of the isolated fungi were reported to be pathogenic, none were reported as pathogens of crabs, and no disease symptoms were noticed from the crab samples.","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46417325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Pang, E. Jones, M. Abdel-Wahab, S. J. Adams, A. Alves, E. Azevedo, A. Bahkali, M. Barata, G. Burgaud, M. Caeiro, Mark S. Calabon, B. Devadatha, J. Dupont, S. Fryar, M. C. González, Jing Jin, M. Mehiri, L. Meslet-Cladière, S. Prado, T. Rämä, M. Reich, C. Roullier, V. V. Sarma, L. Tibell, Sanja Tibell, P. Velez, A. K. Walker
Abstract Early research on marine fungi was mostly descriptive, with an emphasis on their diversity and taxonomy, especially of those collected at rocky shores on seaweeds and driftwood. Subsequently, further substrata (e.g. salt marsh grasses, marine animals, seagrasses, sea foam, seawater, sediment) and habitats (coral reefs, deep-sea, hydrothermal vents, mangroves, sandy beaches, salt marshes) were explored for marine fungi. In parallel, research areas have broadened from micro-morphology to ultrastructure, ecophysiology, molecular phylogenetics, biogeography, biodeterioration, biodegradation, bioprospecting, genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics. Although marine fungi only constitute a small fraction of the global mycota, new species of marine fungi continue to be described from new hosts/substrata of unexplored locations/habitats, and novel bioactive metabolites have been discovered in the last two decades, warranting a greater collaborative research effort. Marine fungi of Africa, the Americas and Australasia are under-explored, while marine Chytridiomycota and allied taxa, fungi associated with marine animals, the functional roles of fungi in the sea, and the impacts of climate change on marine fungi are some of the topics needing more attention. In this article, currently active marine mycologists from different countries have written on the history and current state of marine fungal research in individual countries highlighting their strength in the subject, and this represents a first step towards a collaborative inter- and transdisciplinary research strategy.
{"title":"Recent progress in marine mycological research in different countries, and prospects for future developments worldwide","authors":"K. Pang, E. Jones, M. Abdel-Wahab, S. J. Adams, A. Alves, E. Azevedo, A. Bahkali, M. Barata, G. Burgaud, M. Caeiro, Mark S. Calabon, B. Devadatha, J. Dupont, S. Fryar, M. C. González, Jing Jin, M. Mehiri, L. Meslet-Cladière, S. Prado, T. Rämä, M. Reich, C. Roullier, V. V. Sarma, L. Tibell, Sanja Tibell, P. Velez, A. K. Walker","doi":"10.1515/bot-2023-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2023-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Early research on marine fungi was mostly descriptive, with an emphasis on their diversity and taxonomy, especially of those collected at rocky shores on seaweeds and driftwood. Subsequently, further substrata (e.g. salt marsh grasses, marine animals, seagrasses, sea foam, seawater, sediment) and habitats (coral reefs, deep-sea, hydrothermal vents, mangroves, sandy beaches, salt marshes) were explored for marine fungi. In parallel, research areas have broadened from micro-morphology to ultrastructure, ecophysiology, molecular phylogenetics, biogeography, biodeterioration, biodegradation, bioprospecting, genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics. Although marine fungi only constitute a small fraction of the global mycota, new species of marine fungi continue to be described from new hosts/substrata of unexplored locations/habitats, and novel bioactive metabolites have been discovered in the last two decades, warranting a greater collaborative research effort. Marine fungi of Africa, the Americas and Australasia are under-explored, while marine Chytridiomycota and allied taxa, fungi associated with marine animals, the functional roles of fungi in the sea, and the impacts of climate change on marine fungi are some of the topics needing more attention. In this article, currently active marine mycologists from different countries have written on the history and current state of marine fungal research in individual countries highlighting their strength in the subject, and this represents a first step towards a collaborative inter- and transdisciplinary research strategy.","PeriodicalId":9191,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Marina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43760670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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