Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4499.20220056
Israel Leite de Souza Neto, A. Figueiredo, R. Uhdre, R. Contreras-Soto, C. Scapim, M. Zanotto
: The aims of this study were: to assess the genetic relationship of supersweet corn populations; and to establish the heterotic pattern of 49 supersweet ( sh2 ) corn inbreds on F2S5 generation based on molecular marker data and specific combining ability. Forty-nine inbreds were evaluated using 20 SSR molecular markers, which were allocated into heterotic groups according to the discriminant principal component analysis. Twelve inbreds were crossed in a complete diallel scheme. The 81 entries (hybrids developed, parental lines and three commercial checks) were evaluated in a triple partial balanced lattice design (9 × 9) during the growing seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017. The general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were estimated. The SCA values were used to set the heterotic patterns of the parental lines as well. Commercial yield without husk (CYWH) and ear length (EL) were more informative to set the heterotic groups. Additive and non-additive effects were important on the genetic control of the evaluated traits. However, for five of the six traits, the non-additive/dominance genetic effects showed to be more important in both environments. In fact, the hybrids developed among tropical by temperate germplasm had better performance than those ones developed within the temperate germplasm itself. SSR based-genetic distance demonstrate to be a reliable predictor as significant correlation was obtained between genetic distance with hybrid performance (for length of ears, ear height and CYWH) and SCA for all observed traits. The non-additive genetic effect that predominantly controlled all traits was the feasible explanation for the good prediction.
{"title":"Combining ability and heterotic pattern in relation to F1 performance of tropical and temperate-adapted sweet corn lines","authors":"Israel Leite de Souza Neto, A. Figueiredo, R. Uhdre, R. Contreras-Soto, C. Scapim, M. Zanotto","doi":"10.1590/1678-4499.20220056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20220056","url":null,"abstract":": The aims of this study were: to assess the genetic relationship of supersweet corn populations; and to establish the heterotic pattern of 49 supersweet ( sh2 ) corn inbreds on F2S5 generation based on molecular marker data and specific combining ability. Forty-nine inbreds were evaluated using 20 SSR molecular markers, which were allocated into heterotic groups according to the discriminant principal component analysis. Twelve inbreds were crossed in a complete diallel scheme. The 81 entries (hybrids developed, parental lines and three commercial checks) were evaluated in a triple partial balanced lattice design (9 × 9) during the growing seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017. The general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were estimated. The SCA values were used to set the heterotic patterns of the parental lines as well. Commercial yield without husk (CYWH) and ear length (EL) were more informative to set the heterotic groups. Additive and non-additive effects were important on the genetic control of the evaluated traits. However, for five of the six traits, the non-additive/dominance genetic effects showed to be more important in both environments. In fact, the hybrids developed among tropical by temperate germplasm had better performance than those ones developed within the temperate germplasm itself. SSR based-genetic distance demonstrate to be a reliable predictor as significant correlation was obtained between genetic distance with hybrid performance (for length of ears, ear height and CYWH) and SCA for all observed traits. The non-additive genetic effect that predominantly controlled all traits was the feasible explanation for the good prediction.","PeriodicalId":9260,"journal":{"name":"Bragantia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67478515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4499.20210038
Camila Bolfarini Bento, J. Carmo, G. Gabriel, W. Botero, A. Fernandes, L. Martinelli, L. C. Oliveira
: Extensive pastures are commonly converted to sugarcane areas in Brazil. In soils cultivated with sugarcane, tillage and fertilization are management practices commonly carried out. Soil management practices alter the physical and chemical properties increasing or decreasing metal availability. The purpose of this study was to quantify soil metal concentrations during pasture-to-sugarcane conversion correlating these changes with physical and chemical properties. The results showed that the concentration of metals in soil samples occurred according to the following order Fe > Mn > Cr > Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd. Significant increases in soil metal concentrations due the sugarcane cultivation were observed to Cd and Cu. The soil physical and chemical properties presented correlations with soil metal concentrations. There was a strong relationship on inorganic fertilization to change in soil metal concentrations. The principal component analysis (PCA) explained 55.4% of the total data variance, separating factors in two groups that pointed to an influence of fertilization on metal grouping. Inorganic fertilizer application may input 1.06 g·ha –1 ·year –1 Cd. The Cd concentration ranged from 0.15 to 1.07 mg·kg –1 , representing addictions of 9.54 mg·ha –1 ·year –1 Cd in soil. The metal concentrations observed after five years of pasture-to-sugarcane conversion did not represent environmental risks since the concentrations remained below the Brazilian official determinations.
{"title":"Soil metal concentrations after five years of pasture-tosugarcane conversion","authors":"Camila Bolfarini Bento, J. Carmo, G. Gabriel, W. Botero, A. Fernandes, L. Martinelli, L. C. Oliveira","doi":"10.1590/1678-4499.20210038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20210038","url":null,"abstract":": Extensive pastures are commonly converted to sugarcane areas in Brazil. In soils cultivated with sugarcane, tillage and fertilization are management practices commonly carried out. Soil management practices alter the physical and chemical properties increasing or decreasing metal availability. The purpose of this study was to quantify soil metal concentrations during pasture-to-sugarcane conversion correlating these changes with physical and chemical properties. The results showed that the concentration of metals in soil samples occurred according to the following order Fe > Mn > Cr > Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd. Significant increases in soil metal concentrations due the sugarcane cultivation were observed to Cd and Cu. The soil physical and chemical properties presented correlations with soil metal concentrations. There was a strong relationship on inorganic fertilization to change in soil metal concentrations. The principal component analysis (PCA) explained 55.4% of the total data variance, separating factors in two groups that pointed to an influence of fertilization on metal grouping. Inorganic fertilizer application may input 1.06 g·ha –1 ·year –1 Cd. The Cd concentration ranged from 0.15 to 1.07 mg·kg –1 , representing addictions of 9.54 mg·ha –1 ·year –1 Cd in soil. The metal concentrations observed after five years of pasture-to-sugarcane conversion did not represent environmental risks since the concentrations remained below the Brazilian official determinations.","PeriodicalId":9260,"journal":{"name":"Bragantia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67473845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4499.20210068
F. D. S. Cunha, A. F. D. Costa, K. M. G. D. Araújo, I. S. L. Lima Neto, A. S. Capucho, F. H. Ishikawa
: This study aimed to find sources of resistance to damping-off and to determine the inheritance of resistance in watermelon. Firstly, 72 watermelon accessions were inoculated with CMM 1053 isolate of Rhizoctonia solani . Only two accessions (BGH 29 and BGH 76) were considered moderately resistant to the disease. The inoculated plants without symptoms from accession BGH-29 identified as resistant were self-fertilized and the inbred line S 1 was used for the crosses. The reaction to R. solani after inoculation of the segregating populations of the cross and backcrosses between susceptible cultivar Crimson Sweet and the inbred line BGH-29 was evaluated. In other experiment eight S1 lines of watermelon were inoculated with six different isolates of R. solani and the reaction was evaluated by partial diallel analysis using the Griffing’s method IV to obtain estimates of general resistance ability (GRA), general aggressiveness ability (GAA), and specific interaction ability (SIA). According to ratings of the susceptible and resistant parents, generations F 1 , F 2 , BC 1 (F 1 × P 1 ) and BC 2 (F 1 × P 2 ), resistance to damping-off was conferred by at least nine genes with additive effect and low heritability which indicates polygenic inheritance. The results of the diallel analysis corroborate with the analysis of segregating population, indicating inheritance of resistance was horizontal, since 46.1% of the total sum of squares of the variation observed in the crosses was due to GRA, while the SIA corresponded to only 20.39% of variation. This is the first report about inheritance of resistance to damping-off caused by R. solani in watermelon.
{"title":"Inheritance of resistance to damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani) in watermelon","authors":"F. D. S. Cunha, A. F. D. Costa, K. M. G. D. Araújo, I. S. L. Lima Neto, A. S. Capucho, F. H. Ishikawa","doi":"10.1590/1678-4499.20210068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20210068","url":null,"abstract":": This study aimed to find sources of resistance to damping-off and to determine the inheritance of resistance in watermelon. Firstly, 72 watermelon accessions were inoculated with CMM 1053 isolate of Rhizoctonia solani . Only two accessions (BGH 29 and BGH 76) were considered moderately resistant to the disease. The inoculated plants without symptoms from accession BGH-29 identified as resistant were self-fertilized and the inbred line S 1 was used for the crosses. The reaction to R. solani after inoculation of the segregating populations of the cross and backcrosses between susceptible cultivar Crimson Sweet and the inbred line BGH-29 was evaluated. In other experiment eight S1 lines of watermelon were inoculated with six different isolates of R. solani and the reaction was evaluated by partial diallel analysis using the Griffing’s method IV to obtain estimates of general resistance ability (GRA), general aggressiveness ability (GAA), and specific interaction ability (SIA). According to ratings of the susceptible and resistant parents, generations F 1 , F 2 , BC 1 (F 1 × P 1 ) and BC 2 (F 1 × P 2 ), resistance to damping-off was conferred by at least nine genes with additive effect and low heritability which indicates polygenic inheritance. The results of the diallel analysis corroborate with the analysis of segregating population, indicating inheritance of resistance was horizontal, since 46.1% of the total sum of squares of the variation observed in the crosses was due to GRA, while the SIA corresponded to only 20.39% of variation. This is the first report about inheritance of resistance to damping-off caused by R. solani in watermelon.","PeriodicalId":9260,"journal":{"name":"Bragantia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67474277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4499.20220040
J. G. S. Santana, H. C. C. Ramos, Renato Santa‐Catarina, J. C. F. Vettorazzi, D. Miranda, A. A. V. Pirovani, T. P. S. Poltronieri, A. O. N. Azevedo, R. P. Duarte, Dieimes Bohry, M. G. Pereira
: Selection indexes represent the real efforts of a breeding program to obtain genetic gains for various significant traits simultaneously. As such, this study selected superior F 5 lines by combined selection for fruit quality using an index based on predicted genotypic values via residual or restricted maximum likelihood/best linear unbiased prediction (REML/BLUP) methodology weighted by agronomic weights. To do so, 97 F 5 papaya lines obtained by the single seed descent method, resulting from the biparental cross between the genotypes JS-12 and Sekati, were evaluated for the main traits related to fruit quality. Results of the analysis of deviance and the genetic parameters indicated that there was genetic variability, indicating possible success in the selection process. Based on the selection index, 29 lines were selected as superior for fruit quality with ‘Formosa’ pattern. The strategy of the selection index combining BLUPs of multiple traits of interest associated with agronomic weights allows maximizing genetic progress while discarding less-promising genotypes.
{"title":"Use of an index based on best linear unbiased prediction value for the selection of superior papaya lines for multiple traits","authors":"J. G. S. Santana, H. C. C. Ramos, Renato Santa‐Catarina, J. C. F. Vettorazzi, D. Miranda, A. A. V. Pirovani, T. P. S. Poltronieri, A. O. N. Azevedo, R. P. Duarte, Dieimes Bohry, M. G. Pereira","doi":"10.1590/1678-4499.20220040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20220040","url":null,"abstract":": Selection indexes represent the real efforts of a breeding program to obtain genetic gains for various significant traits simultaneously. As such, this study selected superior F 5 lines by combined selection for fruit quality using an index based on predicted genotypic values via residual or restricted maximum likelihood/best linear unbiased prediction (REML/BLUP) methodology weighted by agronomic weights. To do so, 97 F 5 papaya lines obtained by the single seed descent method, resulting from the biparental cross between the genotypes JS-12 and Sekati, were evaluated for the main traits related to fruit quality. Results of the analysis of deviance and the genetic parameters indicated that there was genetic variability, indicating possible success in the selection process. Based on the selection index, 29 lines were selected as superior for fruit quality with ‘Formosa’ pattern. The strategy of the selection index combining BLUPs of multiple traits of interest associated with agronomic weights allows maximizing genetic progress while discarding less-promising genotypes.","PeriodicalId":9260,"journal":{"name":"Bragantia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67478270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4499.20220121
J. Ribeiro, E. D. S. Coêlho, P. H. A. Oliveira, W. D. A. R. Lopes, E. F. D. Silva, A. K. S. D. Oliveira, Lindomar Maria da Silveira, D. V. Silva, A. P. Barros Júnior, T. J. Dias
: The determination of leaf area is fundamental for studies related to plant growth and physiology. Thus, non-destructive methods allow an accurate estimate of the leaf area through linear dimensions of the leaves. The research objective was to construct allometric equations to estimate the leaflet area of peanut cultivars. Then, 2,605 leaflets were collected from six peanut cultivars (IAC Caiapó, IAC 8112, Runner IAC 886, BRS Havana, BRS 151 L7, and IAC Tatuí), with more than 400 leaflets sampled for each cultivar. We measured the length, width, product between length and width, and leaflet area. Linear and non-linear models (linear, linear without intercept, power, and exponential) were built, and the best equation was chosen using the statistical criteria: highest coefficient of determination (R 2 ), Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient (r), Willmott’s agreement index ( d ), lowest Akaike information criterion (AIC), and root mean square of the error (RMSE). It was found that the models that used the product between length and width were the most suitable for estimating the leaflet area of peanut cultivars. Given the little intraspecific morphological variability, it was possible to group the cultivars, and model ̂= 0.875 * LW 0.929 was indicated to estimate the peanut leaflet area accurately, regardless of the cultivar.
{"title":"Allometric models to estimate peanuts leaflets area by non-destructive method","authors":"J. Ribeiro, E. D. S. Coêlho, P. H. A. Oliveira, W. D. A. R. Lopes, E. F. D. Silva, A. K. S. D. Oliveira, Lindomar Maria da Silveira, D. V. Silva, A. P. Barros Júnior, T. J. Dias","doi":"10.1590/1678-4499.20220121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20220121","url":null,"abstract":": The determination of leaf area is fundamental for studies related to plant growth and physiology. Thus, non-destructive methods allow an accurate estimate of the leaf area through linear dimensions of the leaves. The research objective was to construct allometric equations to estimate the leaflet area of peanut cultivars. Then, 2,605 leaflets were collected from six peanut cultivars (IAC Caiapó, IAC 8112, Runner IAC 886, BRS Havana, BRS 151 L7, and IAC Tatuí), with more than 400 leaflets sampled for each cultivar. We measured the length, width, product between length and width, and leaflet area. Linear and non-linear models (linear, linear without intercept, power, and exponential) were built, and the best equation was chosen using the statistical criteria: highest coefficient of determination (R 2 ), Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient (r), Willmott’s agreement index ( d ), lowest Akaike information criterion (AIC), and root mean square of the error (RMSE). It was found that the models that used the product between length and width were the most suitable for estimating the leaflet area of peanut cultivars. Given the little intraspecific morphological variability, it was possible to group the cultivars, and model ̂= 0.875 * LW 0.929 was indicated to estimate the peanut leaflet area accurately, regardless of the cultivar.","PeriodicalId":9260,"journal":{"name":"Bragantia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67479079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4499.20210134
Bruna Orsi, C. Demétrio, J. Jacob, P. H. V. Rodrigues
: Terpenes are secondary metabolites produced from isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP). Considering their role against biotic and abiotic stress conditions, the D-limonene, a terpene recognized for its roles in plant defense and as pigment molecules, was tested to monitor its impact in the accumulation of carotenoid terpene pigments during tomato fruit ripening. The concentrations of 0.0, 1.0, and 2.0 mL∙L –1 were sprayed weekly on tomato plants ‘Micro-Tom’ until the harvest. The fruits were harvested at the mature green stage (MG), the breaker stages (BR), three days after the breaker (BR + 3), the red ripe stage (RR), and the concentration of carotenoids was evaluated. The application of D-limonene enhanced the concentration of carotenoids in the early stages of tomato fruit ripening and ripe fruits, and the accumulation of carotenoids was greater following dose increment. This result can bring important contributions to horticulture and food nutrition by linking plant defense and the accumulation of molecules with recognized antioxidant capacity in fruit.
萜烯是焦磷酸异戊烯基(IPP)和焦磷酸二甲基烯基(DMAPP)产生的次生代谢物。考虑到d -柠檬烯在生物和非生物胁迫条件下的作用，我们测试了d -柠檬烯，一种被认为在植物防御和色素分子中起作用的萜烯，以监测它在番茄果实成熟过程中对类胡萝卜素萜烯色素积累的影响。将浓度为0.0、1.0和2.0 mL∙L -1每周喷洒在番茄植株“Micro-Tom”上，直至收获。分别在成熟青期(MG)、破期(BR)、破期后3 d (BR + 3)、红熟期(RR)收获果实，测定类胡萝卜素浓度。d -柠檬烯的施用提高了番茄果实成熟前期和成熟果实的类胡萝卜素浓度，且随着剂量的增加，类胡萝卜素积累量增大。该研究结果将植物防御与果实中具有公认抗氧化能力的分子积累联系起来，为园艺和食品营养研究带来重要贡献。
{"title":"Effect of terpene treatment on tomato fruit","authors":"Bruna Orsi, C. Demétrio, J. Jacob, P. H. V. Rodrigues","doi":"10.1590/1678-4499.20210134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20210134","url":null,"abstract":": Terpenes are secondary metabolites produced from isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP). Considering their role against biotic and abiotic stress conditions, the D-limonene, a terpene recognized for its roles in plant defense and as pigment molecules, was tested to monitor its impact in the accumulation of carotenoid terpene pigments during tomato fruit ripening. The concentrations of 0.0, 1.0, and 2.0 mL∙L –1 were sprayed weekly on tomato plants ‘Micro-Tom’ until the harvest. The fruits were harvested at the mature green stage (MG), the breaker stages (BR), three days after the breaker (BR + 3), the red ripe stage (RR), and the concentration of carotenoids was evaluated. The application of D-limonene enhanced the concentration of carotenoids in the early stages of tomato fruit ripening and ripe fruits, and the accumulation of carotenoids was greater following dose increment. This result can bring important contributions to horticulture and food nutrition by linking plant defense and the accumulation of molecules with recognized antioxidant capacity in fruit.","PeriodicalId":9260,"journal":{"name":"Bragantia","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67474552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4499.20210236
Lucicléia Souza Romano, G. Giomo, A. P. Coelho, V. A. Filla, L. B. Lemos
: The demand for specialty coffees in the national and international market grows and generates an excellent opportunity for the exploration of new business. The cup quality of coffee is defined by the genetic predisposition of varietal groups, effects of the production environment, crop management, and form of post-harvest processing. Genotypes of Yellow Bourbon have already shown a predisposition to the production of excellent cup quality, but it may differ in sensory attributes and cup quality. The aim of this article was to evaluate the agronomic and qualitative performance of Yellow Bourbon strains from the Active Germplasm Bank of the Agronomic Institute of Campinas, in order to identify the best genotypes for the production of specialty coffees. The experiment was conducted in São Sebastião da Grama, SP, Brazil, at 1,100 meters of altitude in a medium-textured Ultisol. Treatments consisted of 14 strains of Yellow Bourbon, arranged in a randomized block design with three replicates. Field, post-harvest and laboratory evaluations were carried out. The strains IAC J3-1, IAC J9-16 and IAC J19-18-10 stood out in terms of yield values and sensory quality above the average of the studied group. The strains IAC J9-16 and IAC J19-18-10 showed predominance of floral and honey nuances, respectively, indicating that they may have high potential to express these characteristics in the beverage. The results suggested that there are Yellow Bourbon strains suitable for production and with superior cup quality, which highlights the importance of the appropriate choice of genotypes for the production of differentiated specialty coffees.
国内和国际市场对精品咖啡的需求不断增长，为开拓新业务提供了绝佳的机会。咖啡的杯品质是由品种群的遗传倾向、生产环境的影响、作物管理和收获后加工的形式决定的。黄波旁威士忌的基因型已经显示出生产优质杯品质的倾向，但它可能在感官属性和杯品质上有所不同。本文的目的是评估来自坎皮纳斯农艺研究所活性种质库的黄色波旁威士忌菌株的农艺和定性性能，以确定生产精品咖啡的最佳基因型。实验在巴西SP的o sebasti o da Grama山进行，海拔1100米，在中等纹理的Ultisol中进行。处理14株黄波旁威士忌，采用随机区组设计，每组3个重复。进行了田间、收获后和实验室评价。菌株IAC J3-1、IAC J9-16和IAC J19-18-10的产量值和感官品质均高于试验组平均水平。菌株IAC J9-16和IAC J19-18-10分别表现出花和蜜的细微差别优势，表明它们在饮料中表达这些特征的潜力很大。结果表明，黄波旁咖啡品种适合生产，且杯品质优良，这凸显了选择合适的基因型对于生产差异化精品咖啡的重要性。
{"title":"Characterization of Yellow Bourbon coffee strains for the production of differentiated specialty coffees","authors":"Lucicléia Souza Romano, G. Giomo, A. P. Coelho, V. A. Filla, L. B. Lemos","doi":"10.1590/1678-4499.20210236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20210236","url":null,"abstract":": The demand for specialty coffees in the national and international market grows and generates an excellent opportunity for the exploration of new business. The cup quality of coffee is defined by the genetic predisposition of varietal groups, effects of the production environment, crop management, and form of post-harvest processing. Genotypes of Yellow Bourbon have already shown a predisposition to the production of excellent cup quality, but it may differ in sensory attributes and cup quality. The aim of this article was to evaluate the agronomic and qualitative performance of Yellow Bourbon strains from the Active Germplasm Bank of the Agronomic Institute of Campinas, in order to identify the best genotypes for the production of specialty coffees. The experiment was conducted in São Sebastião da Grama, SP, Brazil, at 1,100 meters of altitude in a medium-textured Ultisol. Treatments consisted of 14 strains of Yellow Bourbon, arranged in a randomized block design with three replicates. Field, post-harvest and laboratory evaluations were carried out. The strains IAC J3-1, IAC J9-16 and IAC J19-18-10 stood out in terms of yield values and sensory quality above the average of the studied group. The strains IAC J9-16 and IAC J19-18-10 showed predominance of floral and honey nuances, respectively, indicating that they may have high potential to express these characteristics in the beverage. The results suggested that there are Yellow Bourbon strains suitable for production and with superior cup quality, which highlights the importance of the appropriate choice of genotypes for the production of differentiated specialty coffees.","PeriodicalId":9260,"journal":{"name":"Bragantia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67475454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4499.20210320
E. Aires, A. Ferraz, B. Carvalho, F. P. Teixeira, J. Rodrigues, E. Ono
: Tomatoes are the most important and grown vegetable crop in the world. The salicylic acid (SA) application could improve crop yields due the positive physiological effects of this plant growth regulator. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of SA application on leaf regarding the intensification of antioxidant enzymes activities, chlorophyll a fluorescence, gas exchange, and tomato production against environmental stress. This experiment was conducted by the use of Colossal tomato hybrid in a protected environment between July and December 2019. Therefore, a randomized block design with five SA doses was used, as follows: 0; 0.5; 1; 1.5, and 2 mM. Then, applications were performed weekly from 15 to 60 days after transplantation (DAT). At the 45 th and the 60 th DAT, the enzymes activities were analysed, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase activity (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), lipid peroxidation, proline content, chlorophyll a fluorescence, gas exchange, and plant height. At the end of the experiment, fruit weight, total and commercial production were also evaluated. Results indicated that foliar application of SA reduced the environmental stress in plants through the intensification of antioxidant system that reduced lipid peroxidation and qNP and increased the efficiency of photosystem II and ETR. Furthermore, gas exchange was also influenced by the action of SA in g s , favouring A and A / Ci . The SA dose between 0.5 and 0.8 mM positively enabled the total and commercial production of tomatoes. Therefore, foliar application of SA reduced oxidative damage, and increased photosynthetic efficiency and fruit production.
{"title":"Foliar application of salicylic acid intensifies antioxidant system and photosynthetic efficiency in tomato plants","authors":"E. Aires, A. Ferraz, B. Carvalho, F. P. Teixeira, J. Rodrigues, E. Ono","doi":"10.1590/1678-4499.20210320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20210320","url":null,"abstract":": Tomatoes are the most important and grown vegetable crop in the world. The salicylic acid (SA) application could improve crop yields due the positive physiological effects of this plant growth regulator. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of SA application on leaf regarding the intensification of antioxidant enzymes activities, chlorophyll a fluorescence, gas exchange, and tomato production against environmental stress. This experiment was conducted by the use of Colossal tomato hybrid in a protected environment between July and December 2019. Therefore, a randomized block design with five SA doses was used, as follows: 0; 0.5; 1; 1.5, and 2 mM. Then, applications were performed weekly from 15 to 60 days after transplantation (DAT). At the 45 th and the 60 th DAT, the enzymes activities were analysed, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase activity (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), lipid peroxidation, proline content, chlorophyll a fluorescence, gas exchange, and plant height. At the end of the experiment, fruit weight, total and commercial production were also evaluated. Results indicated that foliar application of SA reduced the environmental stress in plants through the intensification of antioxidant system that reduced lipid peroxidation and qNP and increased the efficiency of photosystem II and ETR. Furthermore, gas exchange was also influenced by the action of SA in g s , favouring A and A / Ci . The SA dose between 0.5 and 0.8 mM positively enabled the total and commercial production of tomatoes. Therefore, foliar application of SA reduced oxidative damage, and increased photosynthetic efficiency and fruit production.","PeriodicalId":9260,"journal":{"name":"Bragantia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67477666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-13DOI: 10.1590/1678-4499.20210106
A. Lima, M. Campos, T. S. Martins, E. G. B. Brito Filho, J. M. Cunha, F. G. Souza, Eduardo Antônio Neves dos Santos
ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate soil attributes and root distribution in areas under forest conversion to cultivated environments. The study was carried out in four areas: forest, cupuacu, guarana and annatto, located in the municipality of Canutama, state of Amazonas. Soils and volumetric rings were collected in the layers 0.00 – 0.10; 0.10 – 0.20; 0.20 – 0.30; 0.30 – 0.40; and 0.40 – 0.50 m for analyses of physical and chemical attributes and root distribution. Univariate statistical analyses were carried out, the means were compared with the Tukey’s test (p < 0.05) and Pearson’s correlation (p < 0.05 and < 0.01). The forest area and the cultivated environments present soil chemical limitations for agricultural production, whereas the physical attributes presented satisfactory values. The chemical attributes underwent major changes and degradations upon conversion to agriculture. Major changes were observed in the layers of 0.00 – 0.10 and 0.10 – 0.20 m for the studied areas. Cupuacu cultivation showed higher values of roots dry weight (RDW) and roots distribution (RD), with the highest values found in the 0.00 – 0.10 and 0.10 – 0.20 m layers.
{"title":"Soil attributes and root distribution in areas under forest conversion to cultivated environments in south Amazonas, Brazil","authors":"A. Lima, M. Campos, T. S. Martins, E. G. B. Brito Filho, J. M. Cunha, F. G. Souza, Eduardo Antônio Neves dos Santos","doi":"10.1590/1678-4499.20210106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20210106","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate soil attributes and root distribution in areas under forest conversion to cultivated environments. The study was carried out in four areas: forest, cupuacu, guarana and annatto, located in the municipality of Canutama, state of Amazonas. Soils and volumetric rings were collected in the layers 0.00 – 0.10; 0.10 – 0.20; 0.20 – 0.30; 0.30 – 0.40; and 0.40 – 0.50 m for analyses of physical and chemical attributes and root distribution. Univariate statistical analyses were carried out, the means were compared with the Tukey’s test (p < 0.05) and Pearson’s correlation (p < 0.05 and < 0.01). The forest area and the cultivated environments present soil chemical limitations for agricultural production, whereas the physical attributes presented satisfactory values. The chemical attributes underwent major changes and degradations upon conversion to agriculture. Major changes were observed in the layers of 0.00 – 0.10 and 0.10 – 0.20 m for the studied areas. Cupuacu cultivation showed higher values of roots dry weight (RDW) and roots distribution (RD), with the highest values found in the 0.00 – 0.10 and 0.10 – 0.20 m layers.","PeriodicalId":9260,"journal":{"name":"Bragantia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48858760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-21DOI: 10.1590/1678-4499.20200449
Carla Caroline Amaral da Silva, H. Vieira, A. Viana, M. Maitan, E. Santos
ABSTRACT Guava is of great economic importance in Brazil. The development of new cultivars by obtaining inbreeding lines has been a promising option. The objective of this work was to evaluate the S2 families of Psidium guajava using seed attributes. Different characters of physiological quality of guava seeds were studied, in addition to performing digital phenotyping of characteristics of geometry, texture and colors of the seeds. The variables were analyzed simultaneously using the Ward-Modified Location Model (MLM) method and carried out individual analyses of variance for estimating genetic parameters of the population. The formation of more than one group of divergent genotypes was observed, the geometry characteristics were more impacting for the discrimination of the genotypes, a high phenotypic correlation was observed with the germination variables and dry matter weight. High heritabilities were verified for the variables related to seed quality, indicating success in selecting vigorous genotypes. The Ward-MLM method is a useful tool to detect genetic diversity among genotypes of inbred guava. Thus, the most divergent genotypes with high germination potential can be recommended for future crosses or self-fertilized to obtain new lines in the guava breeding program.
番石榴在巴西具有重要的经济价值。通过获得近交系培育新品种是一种很有前途的选择。利用瓜哇石楠种子属性对其S2科进行鉴定。对番石榴种子生理品质的不同性状进行了研究，并对番石榴种子的几何、质地和颜色特征进行了数字表型分析。采用Ward-Modified Location Model (MLM)方法对各变量进行同步分析，并进行个体方差分析，估计群体遗传参数。种子的几何性状对不同基因型的区分影响较大，与萌发变量和干物质质量的表型相关性较高。与种子质量相关的变量具有较高的遗传力，表明选择健壮基因型是成功的。Ward-MLM方法是一种检测番石榴基因型间遗传多样性的有效方法。因此，在番石榴育种计划中，具有高萌发潜力的差异最大的基因型可以推荐用于未来杂交或自交受精以获得新品系。
{"title":"Phenomics approaches: genetic diversity and variance components in a S2 guava family by seed traits","authors":"Carla Caroline Amaral da Silva, H. Vieira, A. Viana, M. Maitan, E. Santos","doi":"10.1590/1678-4499.20200449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20200449","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Guava is of great economic importance in Brazil. The development of new cultivars by obtaining inbreeding lines has been a promising option. The objective of this work was to evaluate the S2 families of Psidium guajava using seed attributes. Different characters of physiological quality of guava seeds were studied, in addition to performing digital phenotyping of characteristics of geometry, texture and colors of the seeds. The variables were analyzed simultaneously using the Ward-Modified Location Model (MLM) method and carried out individual analyses of variance for estimating genetic parameters of the population. The formation of more than one group of divergent genotypes was observed, the geometry characteristics were more impacting for the discrimination of the genotypes, a high phenotypic correlation was observed with the germination variables and dry matter weight. High heritabilities were verified for the variables related to seed quality, indicating success in selecting vigorous genotypes. The Ward-MLM method is a useful tool to detect genetic diversity among genotypes of inbred guava. Thus, the most divergent genotypes with high germination potential can be recommended for future crosses or self-fertilized to obtain new lines in the guava breeding program.","PeriodicalId":9260,"journal":{"name":"Bragantia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43264353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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