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Fitoviruses–predators of vitamins of plant origin 虫病毒——植物源维生素的捕食者
Pub Date : 2019-12-17 DOI: 10.15406/aowmc.2019.09.00294
V. Sargsyan
Vitamins are essential micronutrients. They do not give energy, but are vital for the normal functioning of the body and maintaining health. In order to get various vitamins, you should eat foods from all food groups. These are whole grain products, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, fish-egg-poultry-meat products, and added edible fats (for example, nuts, seeds, almonds). If you eat very fatty and sweet foods, of course, you can get a lot of energy, but often such foods are poor sources of vitamins. Vitamins are involved in metabolic processes, regulate the functioning of nerves, and play a role in the formation of bone and muscle tissue. Necessary to protect against infectious diseases. Vitamins protect the body from the harmful effects of free radicals, and therefore many vitamins are called antioxidants. Vitamins are needed in very small quantities, from micrograms to milligrams, but they need to be consumed constantly, because the body does not form their long-term supply. A person is able to synthesize only single vitamins (B3, B5, vitamin K, retinol from ß-carotene, also vitamin D under the action of solar radiation), and that is only if the starting compounds and favorable external conditions are present. Most vitamins are found in foods of both plant and animal origin, however, digestible forms of vitamins D and B12 are found only in animal foods. In this paper, we discuss vitamins of plant origin, since their synthesis is associated with phytiviruses and electromagnetoreception. However, all scientific ideas and theories are universal and can also be applied to bacteria, animals (including humans).
维生素是必需的微量营养素。它们不提供能量,但对身体的正常运作和保持健康至关重要。为了获得各种维生素,你应该吃所有食物组的食物。这些是全谷物产品、水果和蔬菜、乳制品、鱼蛋禽肉产品和添加的可食用脂肪(例如坚果、种子、杏仁)。当然,如果你吃高脂肪和甜食,你可以获得很多能量,但通常这些食物是维生素的不良来源。维生素参与代谢过程,调节神经功能,并在骨骼和肌肉组织的形成中发挥作用。预防传染病所必需的。维生素保护身体免受自由基的有害影响,因此许多维生素被称为抗氧化剂。人体对维生素的需求量很小,从几微克到几毫克不等,但需要持续摄入,因为人体无法形成长期的维生素供应。一个人只能合成一种维生素(B3, B5,维生素K,从ß-胡萝卜素中合成视黄醇,在太阳辐射的作用下也能合成维生素D),而且只有在初始化合物和有利的外部条件存在的情况下才能合成。大多数维生素存在于植物性和动物性食物中,然而,可消化的维生素D和B12只存在于动物性食物中。在本文中,我们讨论了植物来源的维生素,因为它们的合成与植物病毒和电磁接收有关。然而,所有的科学思想和理论都是通用的,也可以应用于细菌,动物(包括人类)。
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引用次数: 1
Obesity and traditional nutrition: introduction of Turkish traditional foods, functional properties and biochemistry 肥胖与传统营养:介绍土耳其传统食品、功能特性及生物化学
Pub Date : 2019-12-10 DOI: 10.15406/aowmc.2019.09.00293
N. Çağlarırmak
Obesity is raisingall over the World. The specialist investigates remedies for preventing and reducing of obesity. Fast food consumption, law economic subjects, nutrition habits and consumption with alienation from traditional food consumption etc. cause to obesity. There are some of Turkish food groups. One of them is Fermented Turkish foods have important and beneficial effects to health because of kinds of reasons. In the fermentation several bacteria speciesproduce biologically active peptides with enzymes such as proteinase and peptidase, and remove some non-nutrients. Among these peptides, conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) have a blood pressure lowering effect, exopolysaccharides exhibit prebiotic properties and many functional properties and help the prevent kinds of chronic diseases. It was reported biochemical positive effects of Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and other contributed microorganisms.1In this review, it was examined Turkish traditional foods and nutrition habits by evaluating their biochemical and physiological properties in the food groups.
全世界的肥胖人数都在增加。专家研究预防和减少肥胖的方法。造成肥胖的原因有快餐消费、法律经济主体、营养习惯以及与传统食品消费的异化等。这里有一些土耳其食品集团。由于种种原因,土耳其发酵食品对人体健康具有重要的有益作用。在发酵过程中,几种细菌利用蛋白酶和肽酶等酶产生具有生物活性的肽,并去除一些非营养物。其中,共轭亚油酸(CLA)具有降血压作用,外多糖具有益生元特性和多种功能特性,有助于预防各种慢性疾病。报道了乳酸菌(LAB)和其他贡献微生物的生化积极作用。在这篇综述中,通过评价其在食物组中的生化和生理特性,研究了土耳其传统食物和营养习惯。
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引用次数: 0
Intragastric balloon: use of prophylactic nystatin for the prevention of fungal colonization 胃内球囊:使用预防性制霉菌素预防真菌定植
Pub Date : 2019-10-31 DOI: 10.15406/aowmc.2019.09.00290
Bruno Queiroz Sander, Santos Paiva D, M. Sander, J. Scarparo, Felipe Matz, Flavio M. Ramos, Alberti Luiz Ronaldoa
The intragastric balloon (IGB) has been used for more than 20 years in Brazil as an endoscopic method for assisting weight loss, and some intercurrences were observed during more than 10,000 procedures performed.1 One of these intercurrences is the presence of fungi in the IGB, increasing the friability of the silicone and inducing the premature rupture of the IGB, as well as gas hyperinflation.2-4 The aim of this study was to evaluate if the use of Nystatin can decrease the prevalence of fungal colonization cases in IGB devices.
在巴西,胃内球囊(IGB)作为一种辅助减肥的内窥镜方法已经使用了20多年,在超过10,000例手术中观察到一些并发症其中一种交叉现象是IGB中存在真菌,增加硅胶的易碎性并诱导IGB过早破裂,以及气体恶性膨胀。2-4本研究的目的是评估制霉菌素的使用是否可以降低IGB设备中真菌定植病例的患病率。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of body mass index, the bioimpedance electric and waist circumference in childhood obesity classification 体质指数、生物阻抗电和腰围在儿童肥胖分类中的比较
Pub Date : 2019-10-23 DOI: 10.15406/aowmc.2019.09.00289
Ana Paula Moreira Carvalho Alves, Liliana Filipa Oliveira Carola, Emilia Manuela Oliveira Barros, Ceomara Palmira Tavares de Pna
Childhood is a period of rapid development and growth, characterized by major changes, particularly with regard to body composition. Considering that this is closely related to the nutritional and health status, the review takes on added importance in this period of life. There are currently many and varied methods for assessing body composition, which are based on different physical principles and models, and to characterize the overall body composition and undifferentiated form or in a specific manner differentiate the various body compartments.1 The body composition can be measured by simple methods such as anthropometry or by more sophisticated measurements such as underwater weighing, plethysmography, the bioimpedance Electric (BIA) absorptiometry X X Dual Frequency (DEXA), Magnetic Resonance (MRI), Computed Axial tomography (CAT), among others.2 Despite the DEXA method is considered a gold standard for the evaluation of body composition, it may have some limitations, including the cost, only be possible to use in small studies and complexity of the method.3 The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a less expensive, simple and reproducible method to assess obesity, but its use has many drawbacks, including the fact that not distinguish fat mass, lean mass, or bone.4 Therefore the use of BMI remains under discussion due to underestimate excess fat in children.5 Another disadvantage relates to the fact that the relationship between BMI and the body fat percentage is not the same between different ethnic groups, since a given BMI may not correspond to the same degree of fatness among different populations.6 There is evidence suggesting that Asians have lower BMI but higher percentage of body fat than Caucasians, therefore, the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF), International Association for The Study of Obesity (IASO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) They proposed a new criterion to define overweight and obesity in these regions based on their risk factors and morbidity. Currently, to set the Child obesity have been used different references. In the United States use the curves produced by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2000, also used in Canada and Australia. England developed curves (UK90) based on extensive research data carried out between 1978-90, at about 30,000 individuals.
童年是一个快速发展和成长的时期,其特点是发生重大变化,特别是在身体组成方面。考虑到这与营养和健康状况密切相关,审查在生命的这一时期具有额外的重要性。目前评估身体成分的方法多种多样,这些方法基于不同的物理原理和模型,以表征整体的身体成分和未分化的形态,或以特定的方式区分身体的各个部位身体成分可以通过简单的方法测量,如人体测量学,或通过更复杂的测量,如水下称重,体积脉搏图,生物阻抗电(BIA)吸收测量X X双频(DEXA),磁共振(MRI),计算机轴向断层扫描(CAT)等尽管DEXA方法被认为是评估身体成分的金标准,但它可能有一些局限性,包括成本,只能在小型研究中使用以及方法的复杂性身体质量指数(BMI)是一种较便宜、简单且可重复的评估肥胖的方法,但它的使用有许多缺点,包括不能区分脂肪量、瘦量或骨骼因此,由于低估了儿童的多余脂肪,BMI的使用仍在讨论中另一个缺点是BMI和体脂百分比之间的关系在不同的种族群体中是不一样的,因为给定的BMI可能不对应不同人群的相同的肥胖程度有证据表明,亚洲人的身体质量指数低于白种人,但体脂率高于白种人,因此,国际肥胖工作组(IOTF)、国际肥胖研究协会(IASO)和世界卫生组织(WHO)根据亚洲地区的危险因素和发病率,提出了一个新的标准来定义超重和肥胖。目前,设定儿童肥胖的参考文献有所不同。在美国,使用由疾病控制和预防中心(CDC)于2000年制作的曲线,加拿大和澳大利亚也使用该曲线。英国根据1978年至1990年间进行的广泛研究数据,对大约3万人进行了研究,得出了曲线(UK90)。
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引用次数: 1
Effects of food intervention in adults with overweight or obesity 食物干预对超重或肥胖成人的影响
Pub Date : 2019-09-27 DOI: 10.15406/aowmc.2019.09.00286
Ana Paula Moreira Carvalho Alves, F. Duarte
Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of chronic diseases, such as hypertension, dislipidemia, diabetes mellitus (DM) 2, osteoarthritis, certain cancers and cardiovascular diseases.1,2 One sustained weight loss of only 3% to 5% may produce clinically significant benefits in some cardiovascular risk factors.2 In 2016, more than 1.9 billion (39%) of overweight adults had 650 million (13%) of whom were obese.3 Nationally, 22% of Portuguese are obese and 34% pre-obesity.4 According to the study based on data from the National Food Survey and Physical Activity (IAN-AF) conducted from 2015 to 2016, six out of ten Portuguese are pre-obese or obese.4 Obesity is defined as a condition in which there is excess body fat. The co-morbidities are the result of excess fat and not overweight. Currently, adipose tissue has been considered a new endocrine organ that actively synthesizes a wide variety of potent bioactive signaling molecules with autocrine, paracrine and endocrine functions. There are differences in the specific site of secretion of some of the molecules produced by adipose tissue that may help explain the large pathogenicity of intra-abdominal fat, however, in general its synthesis appears to be proportional to the total number of adipócitos.O body weight and body mass index (BMI) do not reflect or body composition or fat distribution.5
肥胖是发展慢性疾病的主要危险因素,如高血压、二脂血症、糖尿病(DM) 2、骨关节炎、某些癌症和心血管疾病。1、2持续减重3% - 5%可能对某些心血管危险因素产生显著的临床益处2016年,超过19亿(39%)超重的成年人中有6.5亿(13%)肥胖在全国范围内,22%的葡萄牙人肥胖,34%的人处于肥胖前期根据2015年至2016年进行的国家食品调查和体育活动(IAN-AF)数据的研究,60%的葡萄牙人处于肥胖前期或肥胖状态肥胖被定义为身体脂肪过多的一种状态。这些合并症是脂肪过多而不是超重的结果。目前,脂肪组织被认为是一种新的内分泌器官,它能主动合成多种具有自分泌、旁分泌和内分泌功能的强效生物活性信号分子。脂肪组织产生的一些分子的特定分泌部位存在差异,这可能有助于解释腹内脂肪的大致病性,然而,总的来说,其合成似乎与adipócitos的总数成正比。体重和身体质量指数(BMI)不能反映身体成分或脂肪分布
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引用次数: 1
Link of obesity and gallstones formation risk 肥胖与胆结石形成风险有关
Pub Date : 2019-09-16 DOI: 10.15406/aowmc.2019.09.00285
N. Zahra
Obesity is a health disease which may be reason to cause so many diseases and one of them is gallstone formation in gallbladder (Cholelithiasis).1,2 Humans with higher body mass index (BMI) are at highest risk to have gallstones in their gallbladder particularly in women.3 According to WHO overweight and obesity is considered when BMI (body mass index) is more than 30 kg/m2.4 Obesity may cause due to high consumption of sugar, soft drinks, fatty stuffs, fast food, poor eating habits, no walk, and tired lifestyle.5 Gallbladder is a small organ located in the upper right part of the abdomen. The function of gallbladder is to store bile; where bile is a fluid which is produced by the liver for the breakdown of fat which further used for energy. Gallstones are generally made of cholesterol and formed when there is a disproportion between the substances producing bile. Cholesterol gallstones comprise 80% of stones in the Western world.6 Healthy weight management is needed to avoid gallstones formation.
肥胖是一种健康疾病,它可能导致许多疾病,其中之一是胆囊结石形成(胆石症)。1,2身体质量指数(BMI)较高的人患胆囊结石的风险最高,尤其是女性根据世界卫生组织,当身体质量指数(BMI)超过30公斤/平方米时,就被认为是超重和肥胖。肥胖可能是由于大量摄入糖、软饮料、高脂肪食品、快餐、不良的饮食习惯、不走路和疲劳的生活方式造成的胆囊是位于腹部右上方的一个小器官。胆囊的功能是储存胆汁;胆汁是一种由肝脏产生的液体,用于分解进一步用作能量的脂肪。胆结石通常是由胆固醇构成的,当产生胆汁的物质之间的比例失调时就会形成。在西方世界,胆固醇类胆结石占所有结石的80%健康的体重管理是避免胆结石形成的必要条件。
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引用次数: 0
What is statins legacy in chronic kidney disease patients? 他汀类药物对慢性肾病患者的影响是什么?
Pub Date : 2019-08-06 DOI: 10.15406/aowmc.2019.09.00282
F. Mendes, Eduarda Carias, André Fragoso, A. P. Silva, P. Neves
Dyslipidemia has a high prevalence among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and contribute to the elevated cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, as well as to the progression of the renal disease. Regarding statins renal protective role, owing to their lipid lowering effect, and also to their pleiotropic properties there is some controversy in the literature.1 The use of statins in earlier kidney disease stages could increase renal protection but it might be dosedependent. Some studies suggest that a more prolonged treatment could increase renal protection.1,2
血脂异常在慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)患者中具有很高的患病率,并有助于心血管发病率和死亡率的升高,以及肾脏疾病的进展。关于他汀类药物的肾保护作用,由于其降脂作用和多效性,在文献中存在一些争议在肾脏疾病的早期阶段使用他汀类药物可以增强肾脏保护作用,但这可能是剂量依赖性的。一些研究表明,延长治疗时间可以增强肾脏保护
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引用次数: 0
Impact of eight weeks of concurrent training on obesity-related biochemical parameters and cardiometabolic risk factors: a case report 8周同步训练对肥胖相关生化参数和心脏代谢危险因素的影响:1例报告
Pub Date : 2019-08-05 DOI: 10.15406/aowmc.2019.09.00281
D. Mello, Túlio Monteiro-Lago, Marlon da Silva Cardoso, I. Henriques, M. Fortes, Guilherme Rosa
Obesity, characterized by excessive accumulation of body fat,1 is considered a chronic and progressive disease due to associated comorbidities.2,3 These include metabolic syndrome (MS), a complex disorder characterized by cardiometabolic risk factors such as abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and dyslipidemia.4 Individuals with MS are at increased risk of developing type II diabetes, coronary artery disease, arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, some types of cancer and early death.3,5 Because it is strongly associated with obesity, the prevalence of MS has increased rapidly in both developed and developing countries.6 In a systematic review, Vidigal et al.,7 found a prevalence of MS in the Brazilian adult population between 28.9 and 29.6%, according to the criteria used to define it.
肥胖,以身体脂肪的过度积累为特征,由于相关的合并症,被认为是一种慢性进行性疾病。其中包括代谢综合征(MS),这是一种以腹部肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、葡萄糖耐受不良和血脂异常等心脏代谢危险因素为特征的复杂疾病患有多发性硬化症的人患II型糖尿病、冠状动脉疾病、动脉高血压、动脉粥样硬化、某些类型的癌症和早期死亡的风险增加。由于多发性硬化症与肥胖密切相关,无论是在发达国家还是发展中国家,多发性硬化症的发病率都在迅速上升在一项系统综述中,Vidigal等人发现,根据用于定义MS的标准,MS在巴西成年人群中的患病率在28.9%至29.6%之间。
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引用次数: 2
Obesity and male reproductive functions
Pub Date : 2019-07-03 DOI: 10.15406/aowmc.2019.09.00280
O. Muneyyirci-Delale, Minakshi Shukla
{"title":"Obesity and male reproductive functions","authors":"O. Muneyyirci-Delale, Minakshi Shukla","doi":"10.15406/aowmc.2019.09.00280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aowmc.2019.09.00280","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93066,"journal":{"name":"Advances in obesity, weight management & control","volume":"468 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79630677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Metabolic evaluation of Honduran employees of two institutions using a SECA 514 bioelectric impedance device 使用SECA 514生物电阻抗装置对洪都拉斯两家机构雇员进行代谢评估
Pub Date : 2019-06-05 DOI: 10.15406/aowmc.2019.09.00279
Adriana Di lorio, Adriana Hernandez, R. Espinal
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Advances in obesity, weight management & control
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