Opening up public data is stimulated and guided by open data policies. In Europe policies at the European, national, ministerial and local level exist. Although plans of the Dutch government are in the making, the Netherlands is still lacking a clear and detailed national open data policy. Furthermore, most of the existing international directives for open public data policies are general by nature. Hence, there may be large differences among open data policies. Up to now there is limited systematic and structured research conducted on differences of open data policies. In this policy paper, a comparison is made of the open data policies of the Dutch Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations and the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science. Interviews and a review of reports showed that there are differences between the open data policies of the two Dutch ministries with regard to guidelines for opening up data, the type and amount of data that were actually opened up and the way this was done. Gaining more insight into the differences of open data policies may be useful to help formulating open data policies.
{"title":"A comparison of open data policies and their implementation in two Dutch ministries","authors":"Anneke Zuiderwijk, M. Janssen","doi":"10.1145/2307729.2307744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307729.2307744","url":null,"abstract":"Opening up public data is stimulated and guided by open data policies. In Europe policies at the European, national, ministerial and local level exist. Although plans of the Dutch government are in the making, the Netherlands is still lacking a clear and detailed national open data policy. Furthermore, most of the existing international directives for open public data policies are general by nature. Hence, there may be large differences among open data policies. Up to now there is limited systematic and structured research conducted on differences of open data policies. In this policy paper, a comparison is made of the open data policies of the Dutch Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations and the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science. Interviews and a review of reports showed that there are differences between the open data policies of the two Dutch ministries with regard to guidelines for opening up data, the type and amount of data that were actually opened up and the way this was done. Gaining more insight into the differences of open data policies may be useful to help formulating open data policies.","PeriodicalId":93488,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Digital Government Research. International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85594757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the last decade, an increasing number of Americans use the web to access information and services. Government agencies have responded to their citizens' need by providing a substantial array of online services through websites to reach a wider spectrum of the population. However, in recent years, focus on the web has shifted from online services to information exchange and participation. Web 2.0 services like blogging, micro-blogging, social networking have become channels of information sharing and communication between friends, followers, and stakeholders. Though there have been studies on the use of such services by political candidates, there have been few studies focused on elected representatives in state and federal agencies. This study explores how sitting governors are using the Twitter micro-blogging service. We obtained two levels of friends and followers of ten state governor's Twitter accounts to study their interactions with respect to reciprocity and spatial characteristics of their networks. Our results show that the governors have significantly more Twitter followers than friends. In addition, most governors are followed by citizens in their own states (primarily from urban areas). It also appears that the network characteristics are very different from those in other social networks.
{"title":"Social networking in government: an exploration of the use of the Twitter micro-blogging service by U. S. state governors","authors":"J. McFarlane, S. Kaza","doi":"10.1145/2307729.2307783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307729.2307783","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade, an increasing number of Americans use the web to access information and services. Government agencies have responded to their citizens' need by providing a substantial array of online services through websites to reach a wider spectrum of the population. However, in recent years, focus on the web has shifted from online services to information exchange and participation. Web 2.0 services like blogging, micro-blogging, social networking have become channels of information sharing and communication between friends, followers, and stakeholders. Though there have been studies on the use of such services by political candidates, there have been few studies focused on elected representatives in state and federal agencies. This study explores how sitting governors are using the Twitter micro-blogging service. We obtained two levels of friends and followers of ten state governor's Twitter accounts to study their interactions with respect to reciprocity and spatial characteristics of their networks. Our results show that the governors have significantly more Twitter followers than friends. In addition, most governors are followed by citizens in their own states (primarily from urban areas). It also appears that the network characteristics are very different from those in other social networks.","PeriodicalId":93488,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Digital Government Research. International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88570784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we explore the relationship between Internet diffusion and other factors generally associated with democratic development, and transparency and accountability, as indicated by the online availability of budget information for a global sample of countries. We begin by defining transparency and reviewing research that has investigated the effects of budget transparency on governmental functioning. We go on to consider how Internet use affects democratic national development and the effects of Internet use on transparency information, particularly budget information. We then introduce our own research questions and describe analyses that explore the effects of the Internet as well as related sociocultural factors in predicting the online availability of 6 kinds of budgetary information in a sample of 90 countries.
{"title":"Effects of the internet and sociocultural factors on budget transparency and accountability","authors":"D. Sayogo, T. M. Harrison","doi":"10.1145/2307729.2307733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307729.2307733","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we explore the relationship between Internet diffusion and other factors generally associated with democratic development, and transparency and accountability, as indicated by the online availability of budget information for a global sample of countries. We begin by defining transparency and reviewing research that has investigated the effects of budget transparency on governmental functioning. We go on to consider how Internet use affects democratic national development and the effects of Internet use on transparency information, particularly budget information. We then introduce our own research questions and describe analyses that explore the effects of the Internet as well as related sociocultural factors in predicting the online availability of 6 kinds of budgetary information in a sample of 90 countries.","PeriodicalId":93488,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Digital Government Research. International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89637301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Kaschesky, A. Gschwend, Guillaume Bouchard, P. Furrer, Stephan Gamard, R. Riedl
Regional development agencies are confronted with a plethora of research funding programs that provide opportunities for regional research groups and SMEs. This paper describes the practical benefits and technological building blocks of an online matching service of research profiles with funding opportunities. It gives an overview of the infrastructure for data sourcing and processing based on a scalable cloud computing platform. It then describes how data is consolidated, analyzed, and interlinked so as to facilitate the finding and matching of funding opportunities. Integrating concepts and themes with those available as Linked Open Data (LOD) adds value to finding and matching by interlinking results with publicly available data resources, and to improve search performance for related content on the internet. In order to optimize matching, the paper describes the user-profiling capabilities based on statistical analyses and machine learning. The paper concludes by discussing the lessons learned so far as well as possible extensions into other application areas.
{"title":"Aid to regional development agencies: finding and matching research funding opportunities","authors":"Michael Kaschesky, A. Gschwend, Guillaume Bouchard, P. Furrer, Stephan Gamard, R. Riedl","doi":"10.1145/2307729.2307732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307729.2307732","url":null,"abstract":"Regional development agencies are confronted with a plethora of research funding programs that provide opportunities for regional research groups and SMEs. This paper describes the practical benefits and technological building blocks of an online matching service of research profiles with funding opportunities. It gives an overview of the infrastructure for data sourcing and processing based on a scalable cloud computing platform. It then describes how data is consolidated, analyzed, and interlinked so as to facilitate the finding and matching of funding opportunities. Integrating concepts and themes with those available as Linked Open Data (LOD) adds value to finding and matching by interlinking results with publicly available data resources, and to improve search performance for related content on the internet. In order to optimize matching, the paper describes the user-profiling capabilities based on statistical analyses and machine learning. The paper concludes by discussing the lessons learned so far as well as possible extensions into other application areas.","PeriodicalId":93488,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Digital Government Research. International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88985230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Networks are a data structure common found across all social media services that allow populations to author collections of connections. Analyzing these networks involves understanding the complex relationships between individuals, as well as any attributes, statistics, or groupings associated with them. The Social Media Research Foundation's NodeXL project makes network analysis accessible to most users of the Excel spreadsheet application. With NodeXL, network visualizations become as easy to create as pie charts. Applying the tool to a range of social media networks has already revealed the variations present in online social spaces. A NodeXL tutorial and visualizations of various networks will be presented, along with new techniques for text analysis and simplifying your network visualizations.
{"title":"Charting collections of connections in social media: creating visualizations with NodeXL","authors":"Cody Dunne","doi":"10.1145/2307729.2307795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307729.2307795","url":null,"abstract":"Networks are a data structure common found across all social media services that allow populations to author collections of connections. Analyzing these networks involves understanding the complex relationships between individuals, as well as any attributes, statistics, or groupings associated with them. The Social Media Research Foundation's NodeXL project makes network analysis accessible to most users of the Excel spreadsheet application. With NodeXL, network visualizations become as easy to create as pie charts. Applying the tool to a range of social media networks has already revealed the variations present in online social spaces. A NodeXL tutorial and visualizations of various networks will be presented, along with new techniques for text analysis and simplifying your network visualizations.","PeriodicalId":93488,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Digital Government Research. International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81176122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the widely touted benefits of electronic filing ("e-filing"), state courts continue to lag behind their federal counterparts and remain at various stages of evaluation, development, and implementation of e-filing systems. A number of reasons for lack of progress -- e.g., concerns regarding privacy, limited funding, the judiciary's lack of awareness of the benefits of e-filing -- have been suggested. This paper, building upon these suggestions, proposes a framework of analysis based upon a theory of innovation and diffusion, seeking to identify those factors that contribute to state courts' adoption of e-filing. The proposed framework of analysis is one avenue for exploring the underlying reasons for sluggish progress in this area, and this exploration will pave the way for a more comprehensive assessment of state courts' current e-filing initiatives, the challenges that state courts face as they transition to e-filing, and the policies that can be adopted to overcome these challenges.
{"title":"State courts, e-filing, and diffusion of innovation: a proposed framework of analysis","authors":"Ursula Gorham","doi":"10.1145/2307729.2307767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307729.2307767","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the widely touted benefits of electronic filing (\"e-filing\"), state courts continue to lag behind their federal counterparts and remain at various stages of evaluation, development, and implementation of e-filing systems. A number of reasons for lack of progress -- e.g., concerns regarding privacy, limited funding, the judiciary's lack of awareness of the benefits of e-filing -- have been suggested. This paper, building upon these suggestions, proposes a framework of analysis based upon a theory of innovation and diffusion, seeking to identify those factors that contribute to state courts' adoption of e-filing. The proposed framework of analysis is one avenue for exploring the underlying reasons for sluggish progress in this area, and this exploration will pave the way for a more comprehensive assessment of state courts' current e-filing initiatives, the challenges that state courts face as they transition to e-filing, and the policies that can be adopted to overcome these challenges.","PeriodicalId":93488,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Digital Government Research. International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74899690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natalie Greene Taylor, P. Jaeger, Ursula Gorham, Elizabeth Larson, J. Bertot, R. Lincoln
In this poster, we describe phase one of an IMLS-funded project begun in December 2010, wherein a team of researchers from the Information Policy and Access Center at the University of Maryland, assisted by the American Library Association, the University of Chicago-Illinois, and various state library agencies and public libraries, has developed a list of challenges, best practices, partnership examples and information, and recommendations based upon findings from a national survey, interviews, and site visits. The primary goal of this phase of the research project has been to immediately inform the public library and government communities about the current e-government service context.
{"title":"Libraries and e-government: new partnerships in public service","authors":"Natalie Greene Taylor, P. Jaeger, Ursula Gorham, Elizabeth Larson, J. Bertot, R. Lincoln","doi":"10.1145/2307729.2307792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307729.2307792","url":null,"abstract":"In this poster, we describe phase one of an IMLS-funded project begun in December 2010, wherein a team of researchers from the Information Policy and Access Center at the University of Maryland, assisted by the American Library Association, the University of Chicago-Illinois, and various state library agencies and public libraries, has developed a list of challenges, best practices, partnership examples and information, and recommendations based upon findings from a national survey, interviews, and site visits. The primary goal of this phase of the research project has been to immediately inform the public library and government communities about the current e-government service context.","PeriodicalId":93488,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Digital Government Research. International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83231655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elsa Estevez, C. Chesñevar, Ana Gabriela Maguitman, R. Brena
Social media is one of Web 2.0 tools that governments are adopting for interacting with citizens. Through their use, citizens are able to share their views, react to issues of their concern and form opinion. However, despite the infusion of such tools in citizens' lives, governments face several challenges to fully benefit from their adoption. One technical challenge is the lack of automated intelligent tools for processing citizens' opinion in government social media. This paper presents a project - DECIDE 2.0, focusing on the provision of a framework, including a software tool, for overcoming such challenge. The aim of the project is to combine context-based search and argumentation in a collaborative framework for managing (retrieving and publishing) service- and policy-related information in government-use social media tools. For developing the framework, the research work is underpinned by artificial intelligence and software engineering techniques. The developed framework will be applied for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of citizens' opinion on a specific policy issue. A pilot test of the framework is planned to be carried out in collaboration with a local government. The project is executed by two universities in Argentina and Mexico.
{"title":"DECIDE 2.0: a framework for intelligent processing of citizens' opinion in social media","authors":"Elsa Estevez, C. Chesñevar, Ana Gabriela Maguitman, R. Brena","doi":"10.1145/2307729.2307778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307729.2307778","url":null,"abstract":"Social media is one of Web 2.0 tools that governments are adopting for interacting with citizens. Through their use, citizens are able to share their views, react to issues of their concern and form opinion. However, despite the infusion of such tools in citizens' lives, governments face several challenges to fully benefit from their adoption. One technical challenge is the lack of automated intelligent tools for processing citizens' opinion in government social media. This paper presents a project - DECIDE 2.0, focusing on the provision of a framework, including a software tool, for overcoming such challenge. The aim of the project is to combine context-based search and argumentation in a collaborative framework for managing (retrieving and publishing) service- and policy-related information in government-use social media tools. For developing the framework, the research work is underpinned by artificial intelligence and software engineering techniques. The developed framework will be applied for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of citizens' opinion on a specific policy issue. A pilot test of the framework is planned to be carried out in collaboration with a local government. The project is executed by two universities in Argentina and Mexico.","PeriodicalId":93488,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Digital Government Research. International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75192143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ability of governments to develop and effectively manage knowledge assets is now considered a critical capability for electronic governance. Good Knowledge Management (KM) practices in government are usually driven by clear vision and objectives which are part of KM strategies. Developing such government-wide KM vision and objectives requires inputs from individual government agencies and other stakeholders on their needs and priorities (so-called demand-side). However, while there is significant literature on models and tools for measuring KM capabilities (so-called supply-side) and impact of KM practices, very few scholarly work is available on assessment of specific KM needs of individual agencies or other stakeholders. This paper presents an Integrated KM Assessment Model which measures both the demand and supply sides of KM in government. The model was used for assessing the KM needs and capabilities of government agencies in Macao SAR as part of a study for determining the readiness of government as a whole for KM. Results from our study show that innovation in government operations is considered by agencies to be the most KM demanded area, while KM capability for task-specific activities was found to be the weakest KM capability area. In addition, document-intensive and high-volume transaction agencies, such as educational, financial, electronic data interchange agencies have relatively higher KM awareness and capability.
{"title":"Exploring demand and capability for managing organizational knowledge in government","authors":"Zamira Dzhusupova, Elsa Estevez, A. Ojo","doi":"10.1145/2307729.2307749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307729.2307749","url":null,"abstract":"The ability of governments to develop and effectively manage knowledge assets is now considered a critical capability for electronic governance. Good Knowledge Management (KM) practices in government are usually driven by clear vision and objectives which are part of KM strategies. Developing such government-wide KM vision and objectives requires inputs from individual government agencies and other stakeholders on their needs and priorities (so-called demand-side). However, while there is significant literature on models and tools for measuring KM capabilities (so-called supply-side) and impact of KM practices, very few scholarly work is available on assessment of specific KM needs of individual agencies or other stakeholders. This paper presents an Integrated KM Assessment Model which measures both the demand and supply sides of KM in government. The model was used for assessing the KM needs and capabilities of government agencies in Macao SAR as part of a study for determining the readiness of government as a whole for KM. Results from our study show that innovation in government operations is considered by agencies to be the most KM demanded area, while KM capability for task-specific activities was found to be the weakest KM capability area. In addition, document-intensive and high-volume transaction agencies, such as educational, financial, electronic data interchange agencies have relatively higher KM awareness and capability.","PeriodicalId":93488,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Digital Government Research. International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80344792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lukasz Porwol, P. O'Donoghue, J. Breslin, B. Mulligan, C. Coughlan
eParticipation is considered to be one of the key tools to ensure effective state-to-citizen communication. We present an eParticipation project in the context of a transportation initiative in an Irish city. The solution combines SM and traditional digital media (such as e-mail), together with non-digital channels. The project has been realized through cooperation between the Mayor of Galway, academia, enterprise stakeholders, Galway Chamber of Commerce and the West Region of Engineers Ireland. The project has been established in order to identify key issues and possible short-term solutions that may alleviate traffic congestion in the Galway City area.
{"title":"eParticipation and transport management: a practical approach","authors":"Lukasz Porwol, P. O'Donoghue, J. Breslin, B. Mulligan, C. Coughlan","doi":"10.1145/2307729.2307784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307729.2307784","url":null,"abstract":"eParticipation is considered to be one of the key tools to ensure effective state-to-citizen communication. We present an eParticipation project in the context of a transportation initiative in an Irish city. The solution combines SM and traditional digital media (such as e-mail), together with non-digital channels. The project has been realized through cooperation between the Mayor of Galway, academia, enterprise stakeholders, Galway Chamber of Commerce and the West Region of Engineers Ireland. The project has been established in order to identify key issues and possible short-term solutions that may alleviate traffic congestion in the Galway City area.","PeriodicalId":93488,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Digital Government Research. International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80271226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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