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TRANSFER PROCESSES IN DISPERSION SYSTEMS AND NANO-SYSTEMS CONTAINING SPHERICAL AND CYLINDRICAL PARTICLES 包含球形和圆柱形颗粒的分散系统和纳米系统中的转移过程
Pub Date : 2020-10-11 DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2020-10-12-21
L. Uvarova, I. Krivenko, M. Smirnova, S. Sheptunov, T. Karlova, Aleksandr Bekmeshov
There is considered a transfer of electromagnetic emission in the systems of spherical dispersion particles with different optical characteristics. A numerical method for definition of thermal source density for two spherical particles is offered. The method is applicable both for particles with constant optical characteristics, and for particles the dielectric permittivity of which follows Kerr’s Law or depends upon even degrees of the module of an electric vector. A model of electromagnetic emission transfer in cylindrical particles having inclusions of other chemical composition is developed. The substance of the inclusion differs considerably from the material of the particle by a factor of emission absorption for the wave length under consideration in long-wavelength approximation. For the calculation of a temperature field of the spherical particle system in two-dimensional approximation there was used a finite element method. The configurations of the particle location of the system were chosen in a random way; as typical dimensions of the system there were considered longitudinal and transverse diameters of clusters, the distance between the centers of two largest particles and similar natural geometrical properties. A possibility for heat transfer control in such systems is considered. It follows from our model calculations obtained that both electromagnetic and thermal interaction of dispersion articles may be visible at larger distances between their centers; that close to the border of a dispersion particle there is a thermal surface layer of the particle, where temperature distribution bears considerably a heterogeneous character. It is defined that in a poly-dispersion system the impact of group effects can change temperature by one and a half times and more.
在具有不同光学特性的球形色散粒子系统中,考虑了电磁发射的传递。给出了一种确定两个球形粒子热源密度的数值方法。该方法既适用于具有恒定光学特性的粒子,也适用于介电常数遵循克尔定律或依赖于电矢量模的偶数度的粒子。建立了含有其他化学成分的圆柱形颗粒的电磁发射传递模型。由于在长波近似中所考虑的波长的发射吸收因子,包合物的物质与粒子的物质有很大的不同。对于球面粒子系统的二维近似温度场的计算,采用了有限元法。随机选择系统粒子位置的构型;作为系统的典型尺寸,考虑了簇的纵向和横向直径,两个最大粒子中心之间的距离以及类似的自然几何特性。考虑了在这种系统中进行传热控制的可能性。从我们的模型计算得出,色散粒子的电磁和热相互作用可以在它们中心之间较远的距离上可见;在靠近弥散粒子边界的地方有一个粒子的热表面层,在那里温度分布具有相当大的非均匀性。根据定义,在多色散体系中,基团效应的影响可使温度变化1.5倍甚至更多。
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引用次数: 0
MEASURE COMPLEX SUPPORTING SAFETY AND EFFECTUVE OPERATION OF MUNICIPAL BUSES UNDER WINTER CONDITIONS 测量冬季条件下市政客车的复杂配套安全有效运行
Pub Date : 2020-10-11 DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2020-10-37-41
S. Bulatov
Оценена эффективность использования технологического оборудования с учетом его производительности и надежности для неисправных деталей узлов трансмиссии городских автобусов. Наиболее эффективным методом контроля, позволяющим отслеживать процессы изменения технического состояния городских автобусов, является режим online. В результате мониторинга были получены выборочные данные по городскому автобусу ПАЗ-3205, эксплуатируемому в зимнее время года в г. Оренбург. В течение рейса был зафиксирован расход 39,1л/100км. Остаточный ресурс городского автобуса ПАЗ-3205 составил 1800 км. Ключевые слова: безопасность, городские автобусы, зима, остаточный ресурс, влияние, факторы, узлы, трансмиссия.
考虑到城市公共汽车的性能和性能问题部件的可靠性,评估了技术设备的使用效率。监控城市公共汽车技术变化的最有效方法是在线模式。监测结果显示,每年冬天奥伦堡使用的帕兹-3205城市巴士的抽样数据。在飞行过程中,记录了39.1升/100公里的流量。帕兹-3205城市巴士的剩余资源为1800公里。关键词:安全,城市巴士,冬天,剩余资源,影响,因素,节点,传输。
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引用次数: 0
MAGNETIC FIELD IMPACT UPON TRIBOTECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PERMANENT CONNECTIONS IN RELATION TO FRICTION SHOCK ABSORBERS 磁场对摩擦减震器永久连接摩擦技术特性的影响
Pub Date : 2020-10-11 DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2020-10-4-11
V. Tikhomirov, A. Gorlenko, Stanislav Volohov, M. Izmerov
Исследовано влияние магнитного поля на свойства трущихся стальных поверхностей при срыве посадки с натягом через проявляемые эффекты и визуально наблюдаемый их износ. На примере пар трения шпинтонного узла подвески вагонов даётся обоснование актуальности и возможности создания технических устройств с управляемым коэффициентом трения, а также экспериментально подтверждается стабильность достигаемых эффектов. Проведены физические эксперименты на лабораторной установке. Установлено влияние магнитного поля на величину силы срыва прессовой посадки с гарантированным натягом. Представлена возможность управлять коэффициентом трения через воздействие магнитным полем. Ключевые слова: трение, скольжение, коэффициент, магнитное поле, гаситель колебаний, износ.
研究磁场对钢表面磨损的影响,通过可见的效果和视觉观察到的磨损,从而使着陆失效。车轴悬吊对摩擦的例子说明了使用可控制摩擦系数制造技术设备的紧凑性和能力,并实验地证明了所产生的效果的稳定性。在实验室设备上进行了物理实验。磁场对压力下降的强度有一定的拉力。通过磁场作用来控制摩擦系数。关键字:摩擦、滑动、系数、磁场、振荡器、磨损。
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引用次数: 2
NEURAL NETWORK MODEL DEVELOPMENT FOR DISEASE RATE MONITORING AND PREDICTION OF ANTIEPIDEMIC MEASURE EFFECTIVENESS 疾病发病率监测与防疫措施效果预测的神经网络模型开发
Pub Date : 2020-10-11 DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2020-10-42-50
N. Sukhanova
Разработана модель для прогнозирования заболеваемости и оценки эффективности противоэпидемических мер. Результаты исследования и новизна нейросетевая модель динамически изменяет свою структуру и адаптируется к текущей эпидемической обстановке. Модель позволяет провести прогноз эпидемической обстановки на перспективу и оценку эффективности противоэпидемических мер. За основу разработки приняты существующие автоматизированные информационные системы, которые используются для мониторинга и визуализации данных о заболеваемости населения в Москве. Ключевые слова: эпидемия, заболеваемость, мониторинг, нейросетевая модель, модульная система, нейронные сети.
开发了一种模型来预测疾病,并评估防疫措施的有效性。神经网络模型的研究结果和新奇性正在动态地改变其结构,并适应当前的流行病环境。该模型允许对流行病情况进行预测,并评估防疫措施的有效性。它的基础是现有的自动化信息系统,用于监测和可视化莫斯科的疾病数据。关键词:流行病、发病率、监测、神经网络模型、模块化系统、神经网络。
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引用次数: 2
IMPACT OF WELD DEPOSITION MODES UPON CHARACTERISTICS OF ELECTRODE METAL HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER, FORMATION OF STRUCTURE AND SURFACE PROPERTIES 焊敷方式对电极金属传热传质特性、结构形成及表面性能的影响
Pub Date : 2020-09-22 DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2020-9-4-12
Y. Saraev, V. Bezborodov, M. Perovskaya, V. Semenchuk, A. Nepomnyaschiy
The peculiarities of structure formation in coatings deposited under conditions of controlled heat and mass transfer with the pulse change of power parameters of the mode are considered. It is shown that as a result of the pulse control of mode power parameters, in a coating there is observed of structural heterogeneity decrease on a coating section at the expense of the decrease of structural constituent dimensions in it that increases considerably of operation properties of strengthened products operated under conditions of low temperatures of the extreme North. The investigations are carried out with the use of the complex of fast processes of heat and mass transfer that ensured high productivity of the investigation process at lower cost of time and material costs. It is recommended for a wide range of experts in the field of modern physical material science, hydrodynamics, chemistry and mechanics of a deformable solid, reliability and technogenic safety, control of fast processes of the formation of permanent connections modified with pulse high-energy impact.
考虑了在控制传热传质条件下沉积的涂层随着模式功率参数的脉冲变化而形成结构的特殊性。结果表明,由于模功率参数的脉冲控制,在涂层中,涂层部分的结构非均匀性降低,其代价是结构组成尺寸的减少,这大大增加了在极北低温条件下运行的强化产品的操作性能。调查是通过使用复杂的快速传热和传质过程进行的,这确保了调查过程的高生产率,同时降低了时间和材料成本。适用于现代物理材料科学、流体力学、可变形固体的化学和力学、可靠性和技术安全性、脉冲高能冲击改性永久连接快速形成过程的控制等领域的广泛专家。
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引用次数: 0
CALCULATION-EXPERIMENTAL METHOD FOR DEFINITION OF LOWEST FREQUENCY IN BENDING VIBRATIONS OF COACH CAR BODY IN VERTICAL PLANE BASED ON IDENTIFICATION OF ITS BENDING STIFFNESS 在确定客车车身弯曲刚度的基础上,确定客车车身垂直弯曲振动最低频率的计算-实验方法
Pub Date : 2020-09-17 DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2020-9-34-45
A. Skachkov, V. Vasilevskiy, Aleksey Yuhnevskiy
The consideration of existing methods for a modal analysis has shown a possibility for the lowest frequency definition of bending vibrations in a coach car body in a vertical plane based on an indirect method reduced to the assessment of the bending stiffness of the one-dimensional model as a Bernoulli-Euler beam with fragment-constant parameters. The assessment mentioned can be obtained by means of the comparison of model deflections (rated) and a prototype (measured experimentally upon a natural body) with the use of the least-squares method that results in the necessity of the solution of the multi-dimensional problem with the reverse coefficient. The introduction of the hypothesis on ratability of real bending stiffness of the prototype and easily calculated geometrical stiffness of a model reduces a multi-dimensional problem incorrect according to Adamar to the simplest search of the extremum of one variable function. The procedure offered for the indirect assessment of bending stiffness was checked through the solution of model problems. The values obtained are offered to use for the assessment of the lowest frequency of bending vibrations with the aid of Ritz and Grammel methods. In case of rigid poles it results in formulae for frequencies into which there are included directly the experimental values of deflections.
通过对现有模态分析方法的综合考虑,提出了一种基于间接方法的客车车身在垂直平面上弯曲振动的最低频率定义的可能性,该方法可简化为将一维模型的弯曲刚度评估为具有碎片常数参数的伯努利-欧拉梁。上述评价可以通过使用最小二乘法对模型(额定)和原型(在自然物体上实验测量)进行比较来获得,从而导致有必要求解具有反向系数的多维问题。假设的引入可课税的真实原型的抗弯刚度和容易计算几何模型的刚度降低一个多维的问题不正确的据Adamar简单的单变量函数的极值搜索。通过对模型问题的求解,验证了所提供的弯曲刚度间接评定方法。所得的数值可用于利用里兹和格拉梅尔方法评估弯曲振动的最低频率。在刚性极点的情况下,得到频率公式,其中直接包含了挠度的实验值。
{"title":"CALCULATION-EXPERIMENTAL METHOD FOR DEFINITION OF LOWEST FREQUENCY IN BENDING VIBRATIONS OF COACH CAR BODY IN VERTICAL PLANE BASED ON IDENTIFICATION OF ITS BENDING STIFFNESS","authors":"A. Skachkov, V. Vasilevskiy, Aleksey Yuhnevskiy","doi":"10.30987/1999-8775-2020-9-34-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2020-9-34-45","url":null,"abstract":"The consideration of existing methods for a modal analysis has shown a possibility for the lowest frequency definition of bending vibrations in a coach car body in a vertical plane based on an indirect method reduced to the assessment of the bending stiffness of the one-dimensional model as a Bernoulli-Euler beam with fragment-constant parameters. \u0000The assessment mentioned can be obtained by means of the comparison of model deflections (rated) and a prototype (measured experimentally upon a natural body) with the use of the least-squares method that results in the necessity of the solution of the multi-dimensional problem with the reverse coefficient. The introduction of the hypothesis on ratability of real bending stiffness of the prototype and easily calculated geometrical stiffness of a model reduces a multi-dimensional problem incorrect according to Adamar to the simplest search of the extremum of one variable function. The procedure offered for the indirect assessment of bending stiffness was checked through the solution of model problems. The values obtained are offered to use for the assessment of the lowest frequency of bending vibrations with the aid of Ritz and Grammel methods. In case of rigid poles it results in formulae for frequencies into which there are included directly the experimental values of deflections.","PeriodicalId":9358,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86540871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
DEFINITION OF TIME SPENT ON REPAIR OF BUS TRANSMISSION UNITS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT RELIABILITY 考虑技术设备可靠性的母线传动装置维修时间的定义
Pub Date : 2020-09-17 DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2020-9-28-33
S. Bulatov
The paper purpose is the effectiveness estimation in the technological equipment use, taking into account its reliability and productivity for defective transmission units of buses. The problem consists in the determination of time to be spent on repair of bus transmission units taking into account technological equipment reliability. In the paper there is used a probabilistic method for the prediction bus transmission units, and also a method of the dynamics of averages which allow ensuring minimum of costs for units downtime during repair and equipment cost. The need for repair of transmission units (gear box) arises on an average after 650 hours, the average productivity of the bench makes 4.2 bus / hour. The bench fails on the average after 4600 hours of work, the average time of the bench makes 2 hours. In such a way the solution of the problem specified allows analyzing the necessity of time decrease for transmission unit repair to avoid long downtimes of buses in repair areas without negative impact upon high repair quality and safety during the further operation.
本文的目的是在考虑故障母线传动装置的可靠性和生产率的情况下,对工艺设备的使用进行有效性评估。问题在于在考虑工艺设备可靠性的情况下确定母线传动装置的维修时间。本文采用概率法对母线传动单元进行预测,并采用动态平均法,保证了维修期间机组停机成本和设备成本的最小值。传动装置(齿轮箱)的维修需求平均在650小时后出现,工作台的平均生产率为4.2客车/小时。平均工作4600小时后,工作台失效,平均使用时间为2小时。通过对问题的求解,分析了减少传动单元维修时间的必要性,避免了维修区域内母线长时间停机,同时又不影响后续运行时的高维修质量和安全。
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引用次数: 0
SCHROEDINGER EQUATION USE FOR INVESTIGATIONS OF PHENOMENA TAKING PLACE IN PLASMA GENERATOR OF GLOW DISCHARGE 薛定谔方程用于辉光放电等离子体发生器中现象的研究
Pub Date : 2020-09-17 DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2020-9-18-27
S. Sheptunov, V. Logvin, L. Uvarova, T. Karlova
The work purpose is development of the theory ensuring creation of an efficient system of fast process control in the plasma generator of a glow discharge and contributing to the development of new techniques and equipment for their realization under conditions of controllable automated tool production. There are used regulations of quantum mechanics lying in that any system can be described by setting in a general case a complex wave function of the kind of . A possibility to find out a charged particle at the time t in some point of the near-cathode area of the closed volume of the plasma generator with the radius-vector was defined by probability density which is presented by a module square of the wave function of . In the course of the investigation carried out there are obtained the following results. The formation of charged particle flows in the plasma generator of a glow discharge has a probabilistic character. The Schroedinger equation use to obtain analytical dependences describing the processes of charged particle flows formation in the plasma generator of a glow charge is the most corresponding as it allows defining a value of their energy depending on the gas technological environment used. The rate change of gas technological environment pumping allows forming a corresponding volume of ions having specified energy and frequency, in the flow taking into account their mass and energy according to the adopted exponential distribution of ion mass in the flow. In automated technological environment having changed a kind of gas technological environment and a rate of its pumping it is possible to obtain predictable results of the impact of glow discharge plasma upon a surface of products worked explaining the effect of defect generation. As a result of high-energy ion bombardment of the surface of products under processing in the plasma generator of the glow discharge there is discovered the presence of a dissipative process with the elements of self-organization. The low-energy ion presence in the flow ensures an ion current transfer which results in the change of chemical and phase structure in the surface volume of material, its modification and reduction of a crystalline structure and also in amorphism on the surface.
工作目的是发展理论,确保在辉光放电等离子体发生器中创建有效的快速过程控制系统,并促进新技术和设备的发展,以便在可控的自动化工具生产条件下实现它们。量子力学中有一些常用的规则,任何系统都可以用一般情况下的复数波函数来描述。的波函数的模平方表示的概率密度定义了在时刻t在等离子体发生器封闭体积的近阴极区域的某一点上以半径矢量找到带电粒子的可能性。在进行调查的过程中,获得了以下结果。辉光放电等离子体发生器中带电粒子流的形成具有概率性。薛定谔方程用于获得描述发光电荷等离子体发生器中带电粒子流形成过程的分析依赖关系是最相应的,因为它允许根据所使用的气体技术环境定义其能量值。气体工艺环境泵送的速率变化,允许根据流动中离子质量的指数分布,在考虑其质量和能量的情况下,在流动中形成相应体积的具有指定能量和频率的离子。在自动化技术环境中,改变了一种气体技术环境及其泵送速率,可以获得辉光放电等离子体对产品表面影响的可预测结果,解释了缺陷产生的影响。在辉光放电等离子体发生器中,由于高能离子轰击加工产物表面,发现了具有自组织元素的耗散过程。流动中低能离子的存在保证了离子电流的转移,从而导致材料表面体积的化学和相结构的变化,其晶体结构的修饰和减少以及表面的非晶化。
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引用次数: 0
MACHINERY OPERATIONAL PROPERTY CONTROL DURING DIAMOND-ABRASIVE FINISHING USING ACTIVE SOTS 金刚石磨料精加工过程中机械操作性能的控制
Pub Date : 2020-09-17 DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2020-9-13-17
Yu. E. Ryzhov, S.Yu. Abramova
There is carried out a number of experiments with the purpose of analyzing SOTS impact upon both finishing productivity, and physical-chemical state and tribological behavior of surfaces machined, and also a possibility for creation according to the results of the investigations carried out a relatively universal micro-emulsion SOTS based on existing in the Ukraine the line of oils, PAV, corrosion inhibitors, alloying additives etc. As SOTS samples there were used both well-known compouds, for example, Camix, Nope Right (USA), and carbamide having in its structure boron, boron-phosphorus-containing additive, water-solvable phosphate, tributyl phosphate (oil-solvable), concentrate SOTS tribol, having in its structure compounds of boron, nitrogen and phosphorous; ethylic ether of fatty acids; methyl ether of colza oil; Sarkozyl-O having in its structure easily-decomposable chlorine compounds. From the results obtained it is possible to draw a conclusion that during finishing in the environment of water-compatible SOTS an important role in the formation of the properties of the surface worked is played by hydrocarbon components and additives which contribute to the formation of the thinnest surface layers modified with carbon and oxygen.
进行了许多实验,目的是分析SOTS对精加工生产率、加工表面的物理化学状态和摩擦学行为的影响,以及根据调查结果创建相对通用的微乳液SOTS的可能性,该研究基于乌克兰现有的油、PAV、缓蚀剂、合金添加剂等。由于SOTS样品使用了众所周知的化合物,例如Camix, Nope Right(美国)和尿素,其结构中含有硼,含硼磷添加剂,水溶性磷酸盐,磷酸三丁酯(油溶性),浓缩SOTS tribol,其结构中含有硼,氮和磷的化合物;脂肪酸的乙醚;菜籽油甲醚;萨科齐- o在其结构中具有易分解的氯化合物。从得到的结果可以得出结论,在水相容SOTS环境下的精加工过程中,烃类成分和添加剂对加工表面性能的形成起着重要作用,它们有助于形成由碳和氧修饰的最薄表面层。
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引用次数: 0
COMPOSITIONAL MODEL DEVELOPMENT OF DC DRIVE MOTOR RELIABILITY ESTIMATE FOR TRAM-CARS 有轨电车直流驱动电机可靠性评估组成模型的建立
Pub Date : 2020-08-02 DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2020-8-39-46
Elena Shischenko, A. Alekseev, V. Novikova
Разработана методика оценки показателей надежности тяговых электродвигателей постоянного тока трамвайных вагонов. Решена задача построения адекватной модели оценки надежности элементов структуры системы, учитывающей межэлементные функциональные связи. Использованы методы математической статистики, математического моделирования, теории вероятностей. Полученные зависимости количественных показателей надежности элементов конструкции тяговых электродвигателей постоянного тока трамвайных вагонов указывают на изменение параметров при комплексном учете структурнофункциональных схем. Согласно полученным результатам можно сделать выводы, что композиционная модель позволяет получить несмещенные оценки надежности элементов конструкции тяговых электродвигателей постоянного тока трамвайных вагонов и, соответственно, корректировать сроки планово-предупредительных ремонтов для снижения количества внеплановых ремонтов в конце срока эксплуатации. Ключевые слова: оценка, надежность, электродвигатель, постоянный ток, структурнофункциональные связи, плановопредупредительный ремонт.
有轨电车直流的牵引电动机可靠性评估技术已经开发。目标是建立一个足够的模型来评估系统中考虑到多元功能耦合的结构的可靠性。使用数学统计、数学模拟、概率论的方法。有轨电车直流中牵引电动机部件的可靠性的数量依赖表明,在综合考虑结构功能电路时,参数发生了变化。由此得出的结论是,合成模型允许对有轨电车直流的牵引电动机部件的可靠性进行持续评估,并相应地调整计划预防性修理的时间,以减少在运行结束时的非计划修理数量。关键词:评估、可靠性、电动机、直流、结构功能连接、预警修复。
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引用次数: 0
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Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university
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