Pub Date : 2021-03-09DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2021-3-46-53
E. Rozhkova
The object of researches is brake systems of innovation freight cars. The work purpose consists in the assessment of braking system effectiveness in innovation freight cars and in standard ones at different operation modes. The scientific novelty consists in the definition of the dependence of a slide block depth on the length of wheel pair skidding motion and braking distance dependence upon car speed. During the work there was carried out a retrospective analysis of cases with traffic safety violation connected with the formation of excessive sliders in freight cars in organized trains because of the violation of braking equipment normal operation. By means of the least-squares method there was obtained a linear equation defining the dependence of slider depth upon the skidding length of a wheel pair. As a result of the work there were defined parameters of defect formation on freight car wheels at their skidding, the calculations of braking system efficiency in different freight cars were carried out. In the course of the analysis of freight car braking efficiency there are obtained equations of braking length in the accepted range of speeds at the beginning of braking for empty and loaded states. Minimum values of the design factor of braking block pressing in translation to a train length of 200 shafts in the empty state were 0.2256 for a speed of 40km/h, in the loaded one – 0.1781 for a speed of 120 km/h at the standard values 0.22 and 0.14 respectively. By means of calculations and experiments it is proved that composite braking block pressing force on a shaft exceeds 4tf/shaft, and that of cast-iron – 10tf. Accordingly, a car with the shaft load of 25 tf/shaft and accepted parameters of a braking system may be operated up to the speeds of 120 km/h inclusive without limitations.
{"title":"EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT OF BRAKING EQUIPMENT OPERATION IN INNOVATION FREIGHT CARS","authors":"E. Rozhkova","doi":"10.30987/1999-8775-2021-3-46-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2021-3-46-53","url":null,"abstract":"The object of researches is brake systems of innovation freight cars. The work purpose consists in the assessment of braking system effectiveness in innovation freight cars and in standard ones at different operation modes. \u0000The scientific novelty consists in the definition of the dependence of a slide block depth on the length of wheel pair skidding motion and braking distance dependence upon car speed. During the work there was carried out a retrospective analysis of cases with traffic safety violation connected with the formation of excessive sliders in freight cars in organized trains because of the violation of braking equipment normal operation. By means of the least-squares method there was obtained a linear equation defining the dependence of slider depth upon the skidding length of a wheel pair. As a result of the work there were defined parameters of defect formation on freight car wheels at their skidding, the calculations of braking system efficiency in different freight cars were carried out. \u0000In the course of the analysis of freight car braking efficiency there are obtained equations of braking length in the accepted range of speeds at the beginning of braking for empty and loaded states. Minimum values of the design factor of braking block pressing in translation to a train length of 200 shafts in the empty state were 0.2256 for a speed of 40km/h, in the loaded one – 0.1781 for a speed of 120 km/h at the standard values 0.22 and 0.14 respectively. By means of calculations and experiments it is proved that composite braking block pressing force on a shaft exceeds 4tf/shaft, and that of cast-iron – 10tf. Accordingly, a car with the shaft load of 25 tf/shaft and accepted parameters of a braking system may be operated up to the speeds of 120 km/h inclusive without limitations.","PeriodicalId":9358,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university","volume":"11 1","pages":"46-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84636192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-28-37
Yuriy Livcov, V. Bezkorovaynyy, A. Kireev
The simplest and accessible method for rolling-stock axle surface strengthening is surface processing with cold plastic deformation by means of rolling. This process is one of the stages in manufacturing diesel locomotive and car axles of a rolling-stock. The basic parameters of rolling engineering process are micro-hardness of a metal surface strengthened layer and its depth, which at present are controlled by means of cutting out longitudinal polished specimens from the axle and in case of the deviation from the required value the whole set axles is rejected. That is why there is offered a method of the non-destruction control of micro-hardness and depth of axle strengthening the essence of which is not only in the control of a strengthening degree value, but in the instant correction of rolling equipment in case of the deviation from the parameter, as this device is integrated in the interface of a rolling machine. In such a way, an actual value of strengthened layer micro-hardness will be always within the specified limits. The principle of device operation is based on the topography changes in the scattering magnetic field of preliminary magnetized local volume of ferromagnetic material. There are shown numerical experiments for the dependence parameter definition of a scattering field of a magnetic mark from thickness and magnetic properties of a strengthened metal layer which had given a possibility to obtain the analytical dependences of a strengthened layer thickness and coercive force of the strengthened layer upon the parameters of a horizontal and vertical constituents of the scattering field strength of the magnetic mark. There are obtained results of natural experiments which allow defining magnetic properties of the upper metal layer in the axle and checking the correctness of data obtained at numerical computations, computation errors do not exceed 6%. The integration circuit of the mentioned structure-scope in the configuration of a rolling machine to obtain a feedback on a micro-hardness value of a surface strengthened layer.
{"title":"DEVICE REALIZATION OF MAGNETIC METHOD FOR DEFINITION OF METAL STRENGTHENED LAYER THICKNESS IN ROLLING-STOCK AXLE","authors":"Yuriy Livcov, V. Bezkorovaynyy, A. Kireev","doi":"10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-28-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-28-37","url":null,"abstract":"The simplest and accessible method for rolling-stock axle surface strengthening is surface processing with cold plastic deformation by means of rolling. This process is one of the stages in manufacturing diesel locomotive and car axles of a rolling-stock. \u0000The basic parameters of rolling engineering process are micro-hardness of a metal surface strengthened layer and its depth, which at present are controlled by means of cutting out longitudinal polished specimens from the axle and in case of the deviation from the required value the whole set axles is rejected. That is why there is offered a method of the non-destruction control of micro-hardness and depth of axle strengthening the essence of which is not only in the control of a strengthening degree value, but in the instant correction of rolling equipment in case of the deviation from the parameter, as this device is integrated in the interface of a rolling machine. In such a way, an actual value of strengthened layer micro-hardness will be always within the specified limits. The principle of device operation is based on the topography changes in the scattering magnetic field of preliminary magnetized local volume of ferromagnetic material. There are shown numerical experiments for the dependence parameter definition of a scattering field of a magnetic mark from thickness and magnetic properties of a strengthened metal layer which had given a possibility to obtain the analytical dependences of a strengthened layer thickness and coercive force of the strengthened layer upon the parameters of a horizontal and vertical constituents of the scattering field strength of the magnetic mark. There are obtained results of natural experiments which allow defining magnetic properties of the upper metal layer in the axle and checking the correctness of data obtained at numerical computations, computation errors do not exceed 6%. The integration circuit of the mentioned structure-scope in the configuration of a rolling machine to obtain a feedback on a micro-hardness value of a surface strengthened layer.","PeriodicalId":9358,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university","volume":"17 1","pages":"28-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82997600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-38-43
Aleksey Bel'c, V. Ivanova
The work purpose consists in the analysis of the situation in passenger transportation of countryside and bus distribution on routes. The route investigation was carried out at different daytime by means of passenger number calculation and data recordings in the prepared tables during a day, a week, a month and also during the year, that is, using a calculating-table method. The analysis of bus operation on a route allowed drawing conclusions that this route may be favorable for investors and economically profitable. Besides, it is socially necessary for low-income population groups having no their transport vehicles. The investigation novelty consists in the adaptation of a calculating-table method to rural routes. Conclusions: modern automobile passenger transportation company is impossible without efficient passenger transportation management; one of the main components in passenger transportation management is passenger service improvement, which can be achieved only by empiric investigations of passenger flows on the routes; at the proper selection of vehicles the analyzed car route can be commercially profitable and long-term that is ensured by a quantitative analysis of vehicles and specification of bus schedule taking into account the need of population in travels.
{"title":"PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENT BY EXAMPLE OF “NORTHERN FARM-STEAD – NEW-LANDS COMMUNITY” OF TSELINSKY AREA, ROSTOV REGION","authors":"Aleksey Bel'c, V. Ivanova","doi":"10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-38-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-38-43","url":null,"abstract":"The work purpose consists in the analysis of the situation in passenger transportation of countryside and bus distribution on routes. The route investigation was carried out at different daytime by means of passenger number calculation and data recordings in the prepared tables during a day, a week, a month and also during the year, that is, using a calculating-table method. \u0000The analysis of bus operation on a route allowed drawing conclusions that this route may be favorable for investors and economically profitable. Besides, it is socially necessary for low-income population groups having no their transport vehicles. The investigation novelty consists in the adaptation of a calculating-table method to rural routes. \u0000Conclusions: modern automobile passenger transportation company is impossible without efficient passenger transportation management; one of the main components in passenger transportation management is passenger service improvement, which can be achieved only by empiric investigations of passenger flows on the routes; at the proper selection of vehicles the analyzed car route can be commercially profitable and long-term that is ensured by a quantitative analysis of vehicles and specification of bus schedule taking into account the need of population in travels.","PeriodicalId":9358,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university","volume":"18 1 1","pages":"38-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79984682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-44-50
D. Antipin, E. Lukashova, P. Zhirov
The purpose of the work is to increase comfort and safety of railway passenger transportation, at the expense of passenger car body vibration load decrease. The analysis of the investigations carried out and dedicated to the definition of rigidity property impact upon the level of passenger comfort and traffic safety has shown that the first mode of vertical bending impacts considerably upon car body dynamic behavior. The analysis of vibration load impact upon passenger car body was carried out in accordance with Dumitriu’s technique. As apposed to the investigations carried out earlier in the paper the data on car metal structure acceleration are obtained through the methods of mathematical modeling based on solid and finite element models. On the basis of the data obtained and natural running tests there was created and verified a particularized lamellar finite-element model of a car body with the aid of which there were obtained values of vertical and horizontal accelerations of a car body metal structure. The analysis of the results obtained has shown that within the frequency range of 8.9. – 20 Hz there are observed acceleration surges which are among the most sensitive ones in terms of the impact upon man and transport comfort support. At the frequencies obtained there was carried out a passenger comfort investigation with the aid of which it was defined that at the frequency of car body own bending oscillations of 8.9 Hz – a comfort index is above 4 units that shows a low comfort level. A frequency of 8.9 Hz corresponds to a vertical bending mode which is the most significant mode of car body deformation in terms of passenger comfort support. With regard to this in the works there was offered a number of efficient measures for strengthening car body structure bearing capacity with the goal of its bending rigidity increase which provides an installation of a supplementary bearing partition in the mid-section of a car body, and also the introduction of auxiliary longitudinal elements in a frame supporting design. For the effectiveness assessment of measures offered there was carried out re-investigation according to the technique described. As a result of the computation it was defined that the design measures offered allowed increasing a frequency value of own bending vibration of car body metal structure up to 11.7 Hz. The analysis of the results obtained allowed drawing a conclusion of the effectiveness of design solutions offered on car body vibration load decrease.
{"title":"JUSTIFICATION OF TECHNIQUE FOR COMFORT AND SAFETY ANALYSIS AT PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION ON VIBRATION LOAD DECREASE OF PASSENGER CAR BODY","authors":"D. Antipin, E. Lukashova, P. Zhirov","doi":"10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-44-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-44-50","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work is to increase comfort and safety of railway passenger transportation, at the expense of passenger car body vibration load decrease. The analysis of the investigations carried out and dedicated to the definition of rigidity property impact upon the level of passenger comfort and traffic safety has shown that the first mode of vertical bending impacts considerably upon car body dynamic behavior. The analysis of vibration load impact upon passenger car body was carried out in accordance with Dumitriu’s technique. As apposed to the investigations carried out earlier in the paper the data on car metal structure acceleration are obtained through the methods of mathematical modeling based on solid and finite element models. \u0000On the basis of the data obtained and natural running tests there was created and verified a particularized lamellar finite-element model of a car body with the aid of which there were obtained values of vertical and horizontal accelerations of a car body metal structure. The analysis of the results obtained has shown that within the frequency range of 8.9. – 20 Hz there are observed acceleration surges which are among the most sensitive ones in terms of the impact upon man and transport comfort support. \u0000 At the frequencies obtained there was carried out a passenger comfort investigation with the aid of which it was defined that at the frequency of car body own bending oscillations of 8.9 Hz – a comfort index is above 4 units that shows a low comfort level. \u0000A frequency of 8.9 Hz corresponds to a vertical bending mode which is the most significant mode of car body deformation in terms of passenger comfort support. With regard to this in the works there was offered a number of efficient measures for strengthening car body structure bearing capacity with the goal of its bending rigidity increase which provides an installation of a supplementary bearing partition in the mid-section of a car body, and also the introduction of auxiliary longitudinal elements in a frame supporting design. For the effectiveness assessment of measures offered there was carried out re-investigation according to the technique described. As a result of the computation it was defined that the design measures offered allowed increasing a frequency value of own bending vibration of car body metal structure up to 11.7 Hz. \u0000The analysis of the results obtained allowed drawing a conclusion of the effectiveness of design solutions offered on car body vibration load decrease.","PeriodicalId":9358,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university","volume":"15 1","pages":"44-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84892571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-4-12
Evgeniya Belokur, A. Sekisov, G. Serga
The work purpose is to increase the productivity of bulk material separation by means of engineering process development based on fundamentally new engineering equipment in the form of spiral sieves, the novelty of which is confirmed by six patents for invention of the Russian Federation. In the work there was used a complex method of investigations. Analytical methods allowed offering dependences for the definition of bulk material longitudinal motion speed in spiral sieves. Experimental investigations were carried out in order to confirm analytical dependences. The analytical investigation of bulk material separation into fractions for the purpose of conditional model choice for its description is presented. A mathematical model choice is fulfilled. There is analyzed a model of continuous medium and that of a material particle. A mathematical model is developed to determine a speed of longitudinal motion of bulk material from charging to unloading. There is presented not only a circuit and an experimental plant created in metal version, but the results of experimental investigations of bulk medium motion parameters subject to spiral sieve design peculiarities are shown which presented a coincidence level high enough.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF BULK MATERIAL MOTION IN SPIRAL SIEVES","authors":"Evgeniya Belokur, A. Sekisov, G. Serga","doi":"10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-4-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-4-12","url":null,"abstract":"The work purpose is to increase the productivity of bulk material separation by means of engineering process development based on fundamentally new engineering equipment in the form of spiral sieves, the novelty of which is confirmed by six patents for invention of the Russian Federation. In the work there was used a complex method of investigations. \u0000Analytical methods allowed offering dependences for the definition of bulk material longitudinal motion speed in spiral sieves. Experimental investigations were carried out in order to confirm analytical dependences. The analytical investigation of bulk material separation into fractions for the purpose of conditional model choice for its description is presented. A mathematical model choice is fulfilled. There is analyzed a model of continuous medium and that of a material particle. A mathematical model is developed to determine a speed of longitudinal motion of bulk material from charging to unloading. There is presented not only a circuit and an experimental plant created in metal version, but the results of experimental investigations of bulk medium motion parameters subject to spiral sieve design peculiarities are shown which presented a coincidence level high enough.","PeriodicalId":9358,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university","volume":"36 1","pages":"4-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78049451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-21-27
A. Kirichek, S. Barinov, A. Yashin, L. Nikitina, A. Konstantinov
Previously it was defined that geometrical dimensions of material worked have a significant impact upon the process of wave deformation strengthening, as at equal volumes of strengthened samples and processing modes there are observed different cards of micro-hardness in surface layers. In the paper there are shown investigations of the impact of dimensions of samples made of different material kinds (steel 45, titanium VT 1-0, bronze BRAZh 9-4, aluminum alloy B-95) upon wave deformation strengthening parameters). The investigations mentioned were carried out for the first time on a test desk specially developed. Strengthening effectiveness was estimated according to micro-hardness distribution in a surface layer. The analysis of the results obtained allowed defining that in chosen modes of WDS takes place strengthening not only a face surface but a back one of the sample at that in the core of the sample an initial hardness of material is kept. The investigations carried out allowed defining the fact that at the increase of material thickness from 10 to 20 mm resulted in the growth of degree (ΔHμ) and depth (hμ) of strengthening at WDS of samples of steel 45 - by 24 and 32%, samples of bronze BRAZh 9-4 – by 22 and 21%, samples of titanium VT 1-0 – by 24 and 32%, samples of aluminum alloy B-95 – by 40 and 62%. The samples length increase from 50 to 100 mm is accompanied by the decrease of ΔHμ and hμ at strengthening: steel 45 – by 36 and 70%, bronze BRAZh 9-4 – by 27 and 43%, titanium VT 1-0 – by 24 and 32%, aluminum alloy B-95 – by 40 and 62%.
{"title":"IMPACT OF MATERIAL AND DIMENSIONS OF PRODUCT UPON PARAMETERS OF WAVE DEFORMATION STRENGTHENING","authors":"A. Kirichek, S. Barinov, A. Yashin, L. Nikitina, A. Konstantinov","doi":"10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-21-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-21-27","url":null,"abstract":"Previously it was defined that geometrical dimensions of material worked have a significant impact upon the process of wave deformation strengthening, as at equal volumes of strengthened samples and processing modes there are observed different cards of micro-hardness in surface layers. \u0000In the paper there are shown investigations of the impact of dimensions of samples made of different material kinds (steel 45, titanium VT 1-0, bronze BRAZh 9-4, aluminum alloy B-95) upon wave deformation strengthening parameters). The investigations mentioned were carried out for the first time on a test desk specially developed. Strengthening effectiveness was estimated according to micro-hardness distribution in a surface layer. The analysis of the results obtained allowed defining that in chosen modes of WDS takes place strengthening not only a face surface but a back one of the sample at that in the core of the sample an initial hardness of material is kept. The investigations carried out allowed defining the fact that at the increase of material thickness from 10 to 20 mm resulted in the growth of degree (ΔHμ) and depth (hμ) of strengthening at WDS of samples of steel 45 - by 24 and 32%, samples of bronze BRAZh 9-4 – by 22 and 21%, samples of titanium VT 1-0 – by 24 and 32%, samples of aluminum alloy B-95 – by 40 and 62%. The samples length increase from 50 to 100 mm is accompanied by the decrease of ΔHμ and hμ at strengthening: steel 45 – by 36 and 70%, bronze BRAZh 9-4 – by 27 and 43%, titanium VT 1-0 – by 24 and 32%, aluminum alloy B-95 – by 40 and 62%.","PeriodicalId":9358,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university","volume":"16 4 1","pages":"21-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90403460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-13-20
R. Nesterenko, A. Magdin, D. Kudryavcev, D. Zhanzakova
The purpose of the work presented in the paper consists in the choice of radio-transparent material that can withstand loads influencing a nose cone of an aircraft during a flight. In the paper there is solved a problem which consists in comparing the characteristics of different materials used in aircraft industry both common materials and composites and in the choice of the most efficient field of materials that meet the requirements of radio-transparency, strength and heat-resistance. The investigation work is carried out by means of the collection, processing and analysis of data obtained through an experimental way and containing information on strength characteristics, radio-transparency characteristics, on the range of operation temperatures, density and rigidity of each kind of material analyzed. On the basis of the investigation results a field of application of the materials under consideration is offered: in accordance with physical characteristics of composites analyzed the most efficient solution will be the application of glass-ceramic composites for manufacturing radio-transparent nose cones exposed to strong temperature changes during short periods of time caused by super-sonic speed achieved during flights and glass-ceramics, but glass-plastic having lower density and heat-resistance – for manufacturing nose cones of sub-sonic planes which are not subjected to such high thermal loads, at that it was defined that aircraft steels and composites based on metal matrix are not suitable for manufacturing nose cones in view of their high density and low radio-transparency.
{"title":"COMPOSITE USE IN NOSE CONE DESIGNING FOR AIRCRAFTS","authors":"R. Nesterenko, A. Magdin, D. Kudryavcev, D. Zhanzakova","doi":"10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-13-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-13-20","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work presented in the paper consists in the choice of radio-transparent material that can withstand loads influencing a nose cone of an aircraft during a flight. \u0000In the paper there is solved a problem which consists in comparing the characteristics of different materials used in aircraft industry both common materials and composites and in the choice of the most efficient field of materials that meet the requirements of radio-transparency, strength and heat-resistance. The investigation work is carried out by means of the collection, processing and analysis of data obtained through an experimental way and containing information on strength characteristics, radio-transparency characteristics, on the range of operation temperatures, density and rigidity of each kind of material analyzed. \u0000On the basis of the investigation results a field of application of the materials under consideration is offered: in accordance with physical characteristics of composites analyzed the most efficient solution will be the application of glass-ceramic composites for manufacturing radio-transparent nose cones exposed to strong temperature changes during short periods of time caused by super-sonic speed achieved during flights and glass-ceramics, but glass-plastic having lower density and heat-resistance – for manufacturing nose cones of sub-sonic planes which are not subjected to such high thermal loads, at that it was defined that aircraft steels and composites based on metal matrix are not suitable for manufacturing nose cones in view of their high density and low radio-transparency.","PeriodicalId":9358,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university","volume":"27 1","pages":"13-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78935864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-09DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2021-1-43-51
A. Kosmodamianskiy, D. Shevchenko, P. Zhirov
The purpose of this work consists in the development of constructive solutions decreasing loads in the units of the electric locomotive traction drive at boxing. The investigations carried out in the field of electric locomotive operation on domestic railways have shown that one of the basic directions in the decrease of non-sprung masses consists in the introduction of an elastic tie between a wheel pair and a drive motor armature. The improvement mentioned results in the considerable load increase in the traction drive at friction self-oscillations arising in the mode of wheel slip on a rail. The analysis, carried out in the work, of methods to reduce similar dynamic loads has shown that approaches efficient enough are: - shock vibro-damping of wheel pair self-oscillations, - limitation of wheel slip rate on a rail with the control of friction factor by means of the impact upon a contact area of electric and magnetic fields, - changes of elastic-dissipative properties of dynamic systems in an electric locomotive running gear to control self-oscillation fashions. To realize measures described there are offered constructive solutions limiting self-oscillation amplitudes in a boxing mode. In particular the system of instantaneous control with clutch amplifies based on the application of magnetic inductor in the form of a mounted unit upon a crew section of an electric locomotive. For realization of the method for the process control of the competition of self-oscillation fashions there is offered a design of the device changing forcibly a fashion of growing self-oscillations at the expense of the control of elastic-dissipative properties of dynamic system links in the traction drive. The innovation solutions developed are protected with the patent for invention, two patents for utility model.
{"title":"MATTERS OF LOAD DECREASE IN TRACTION DRIVE UNITS AT BOXING","authors":"A. Kosmodamianskiy, D. Shevchenko, P. Zhirov","doi":"10.30987/1999-8775-2021-1-43-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2021-1-43-51","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work consists in the development of constructive solutions decreasing loads in the units of the electric locomotive traction drive at boxing. The investigations carried out in the field of electric locomotive operation on domestic railways have shown that one of the basic directions in the decrease of non-sprung masses consists in the introduction of an elastic tie between a wheel pair and a drive motor armature. \u0000The improvement mentioned results in the considerable load increase in the traction drive at friction self-oscillations arising in the mode of wheel slip on a rail. The analysis, carried out in the work, of methods to reduce similar dynamic loads has shown that approaches efficient enough are: \u0000- shock vibro-damping of wheel pair self-oscillations, \u0000- limitation of wheel slip rate on a rail with the control of friction factor by means of the impact upon a contact area of electric and magnetic fields, \u0000- changes of elastic-dissipative properties of dynamic systems in an electric locomotive running gear to control self-oscillation fashions. \u0000To realize measures described there are offered constructive solutions limiting self-oscillation amplitudes in a boxing mode. In particular the system of instantaneous control with clutch amplifies based on the application of magnetic inductor in the form of a mounted unit upon a crew section of an electric locomotive. For realization of the method for the process control of the competition of self-oscillation fashions there is offered a design of the device changing forcibly a fashion of growing self-oscillations at the expense of the control of elastic-dissipative properties of dynamic system links in the traction drive. The innovation solutions developed are protected with the patent for invention, two patents for utility model.","PeriodicalId":9358,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university","volume":"1 1","pages":"43-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83734239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-09DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2021-1-34-42
E. Khristoforov, N. Sakovich
Of all the variety of operator’s activities a motor car driver’s work is difficult enough. It is stipulated by a number of reasons, for example, one has to control an object with some degrees of freedom, sometimes under conditions of time shortage and often in stress situations. At that the work of a driver continues to become more and more complicated, and the number of errors and their consequences grow. The work purpose: to investigate the impact of problems in vehicle control by a driver upon his health and reliability, to investigate mental and physiologic properties of a driver, the impact of his organs of sense upon reception and processing traffic information and vehicle driving. The investigations were carried out on the basis of methods described by Weber-Fechner’s law which expresses dependence between an objective value of irritation and subjective value characterizing the sensation of this irritation, by Walter’s law which offered a concept of the dynamic threshold of differential sensitivity, in the information reception take part mental processes – sensation, perception and thinking. In the paper there are described positive and negative driver’s properties on vehicle driving, at that considerable attention is paid to the matter of the impact of a mental and physiological state of driver’s constitution upon the reception and processing of information for the formation and realization of stable skills in driving using at that almost all sense organs. It is defined that at the reception of road traffic information by a driver there is formed in him an image reflecting in his consciousness a controlled process. As a physiological basis of the formation of this image is the activity of analyzers – a system consisting of three links: a receptor conducting nervous ways and an area of cerebrum, as a result of this there is formed an image in the driver which reflects in driver’s consciousness a controlled process that is a scientific novelty on the topic investigated. Research materials are of practical importance for the professional selection of drivers, their qualitative professional training as a result of that a driver will be capable to solve the most complex problems in ensuring traffic safety.
{"title":"DRIVER CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR IMPACT UPON VEHICLE TRAFFIC SAFETY","authors":"E. Khristoforov, N. Sakovich","doi":"10.30987/1999-8775-2021-1-34-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2021-1-34-42","url":null,"abstract":"Of all the variety of operator’s activities a motor car driver’s work is difficult enough. \u0000It is stipulated by a number of reasons, for example, one has to control an object with some degrees of freedom, sometimes under conditions of time shortage and often in stress situations. At that the work of a driver continues to become more and more complicated, and the number of errors and their consequences grow. \u0000The work purpose: to investigate the impact of problems in vehicle control by a driver upon his health and reliability, to investigate mental and physiologic properties of a driver, the impact of his organs of sense upon reception and processing traffic information and vehicle driving. \u0000The investigations were carried out on the basis of methods described by Weber-Fechner’s law which expresses dependence between an objective value of irritation and subjective value characterizing the sensation of this irritation, by Walter’s law which offered a concept of the dynamic threshold of differential sensitivity, in the information reception take part mental processes – sensation, perception and thinking. \u0000In the paper there are described positive and negative driver’s properties on vehicle driving, at that considerable attention is paid to the matter of the impact of a mental and physiological state of driver’s constitution upon the reception and processing of information for the formation and realization of stable skills in driving using at that almost all sense organs. It is defined that at the reception of road traffic information by a driver there is formed in him an image reflecting in his consciousness a controlled process. As a physiological basis of the formation of this image is the activity of analyzers – a system consisting of three links: a receptor conducting nervous ways and an area of cerebrum, as a result of this there is formed an image in the driver which reflects in driver’s consciousness a controlled process that is a scientific novelty on the topic investigated. Research materials are of practical importance for the professional selection of drivers, their qualitative professional training as a result of that a driver will be capable to solve the most complex problems in ensuring traffic safety.","PeriodicalId":9358,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university","volume":"25 1","pages":"34-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91185114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-09DOI: 10.30987/1999-8775-2021-1-10-18
Maksim Terehov, D. Sevost'yanov, Lyudmila B. Filippova
The purpose of the work carried out is to increase the effectiveness of hard alloy machining. Within the limits of the paper there is solved a matter of electro-erosion treatment and turning TC 3 alloy parts. Basic investigation methods are: - experiment and comparison, - computer simulation The work resulted in recommendations for the choice of cutters and cutting modes for hard alloy edge machining and also electrode material at electro-erosion treatment. One of the ways to increase productivity and operation quality equipment consists in the application of new materials and alloys including tungsten alloys. Within the limits of this work there are considered the peculiarities in machining TC3 alloy parts for oil-gas industry by the example of the “sleeve” part. For machining inner and outer surfaces there was used a turning operation, and for complex grooves – electro-erosion treatment as the only possible choice for processing because of a small size of the part. The peculiarities hard alloy machining through turning and basic reasons of hard alloy hard-to-workability are described. There are shown approaches to the choice of cutters, and the dependence of surface roughness and tool durability upon cutting mode choice is shown. During turning plate material must have higher strength than alloy under machining. One of the best choices for hard alloy machining is cubic boron nitride. For processing it is necessary to use tool holders with the increased rigidity. There are presented principles of electrode designing for hard alloy electro-erosion treatment and ways for process productivity increase. The application of copper-tungsten pseudo-alloys and m1 grade copper is compared from the point of view of economic purposefulness in their use. In spite of copper-tungsten alloy high durability which gives advantages in processing rate and economy in manufacturing electrodes its use is economically inexpedient and it is more rational to use copper which is cheaper.
{"title":"PECULIARITIES IN TUNGSTEN ALLOY PARTS PROCESSING FOR OIL-GAS INDUSTRY","authors":"Maksim Terehov, D. Sevost'yanov, Lyudmila B. Filippova","doi":"10.30987/1999-8775-2021-1-10-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2021-1-10-18","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work carried out is to increase the effectiveness of hard alloy machining. Within the limits of the paper there is solved a matter of electro-erosion treatment and turning TC 3 alloy parts. Basic investigation methods are: \u0000- experiment and comparison, \u0000- computer simulation \u0000The work resulted in recommendations for the choice of cutters and cutting modes for hard alloy edge machining and also electrode material at electro-erosion treatment. \u0000 One of the ways to increase productivity and operation quality equipment consists in the application of new materials and alloys including tungsten alloys. Within the limits of this work there are considered the peculiarities in machining TC3 alloy parts for oil-gas industry by the example of the “sleeve” part. For machining inner and outer surfaces there was used a turning operation, and for complex grooves – electro-erosion treatment as the only possible choice for processing because of a small size of the part. The peculiarities hard alloy machining through turning and basic reasons of hard alloy hard-to-workability are described. There are shown approaches to the choice of cutters, and the dependence of surface roughness and tool durability upon cutting mode choice is shown. During turning plate material must have higher strength than alloy under machining. One of the best choices for hard alloy machining is cubic boron nitride. For processing it is necessary to use tool holders with the increased rigidity. There are presented principles of electrode designing for hard alloy electro-erosion treatment and ways for process productivity increase. The application of copper-tungsten pseudo-alloys and m1 grade copper is compared from the point of view of economic purposefulness in their use. In spite of copper-tungsten alloy high durability which gives advantages in processing rate and economy in manufacturing electrodes its use is economically inexpedient and it is more rational to use copper which is cheaper.","PeriodicalId":9358,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university","volume":"1 1","pages":"10-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76470327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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