Experimental gerontology最新文献_第7页

Interpretable machine learning for cognitive impairment screening: Development and external validation of a clinical prediction model based on NHANES data 用于认知障碍筛查的可解释机器学习：基于NHANES数据的临床预测模型的开发和外部验证。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.113019

Kang Chen , Guran Yu , Hao Li

Background

Cognitive impairment in older adults poses a growing public health challenge, yet accessible screening tools remain limited. We aimed to develop and validate an interpretable machine learning model for cognitive impairment prediction by routinely collecting clinical data.

Methods

We analyzed 1061 participants from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2011–2014). Feature selection combined multivariable regression, restricted cubic splines, and the Boruta algorithm to identify 40 clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic variables. Twelve machine learning models (including Support Vector Machine (SVM), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Random Forest (RF)) were trained and externally validated on NHANES 2001–2002 (n = 531). Model performance was evaluated by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC), calibration (Brier score), accuracy, and sensitivity. Additionally, an assessment of fairness was conducted across racial subgroups. Interpretability was enhanced via SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP).

Results

The SVM model demonstrated optimal generalizability, achieving an external validation AUC of 0.8265 (95 %CI: 0.7867–0.8582) with sustained calibration (Brier score = 0.1703). Subgroup analyses showed no statistically significant AUC differences (all P > 0.05). SHAP analysis identified socioeconomic factors, systemic inflammation indices, and metabolic markers as key predictors.

Limitations.

Generalizability may be limited to U.S. populations, and unmeasured biomarkers (e.g., amyloid-β) could affect prediction accuracy. Subgroup analyses for minorities were constrained by sample size.

Conclusion

Our interpretable prediction strategy enables rapid cognitive risk assessment using routine clinical data, providing a cost-effective decision support tool adaptable to electronic health record systems.

背景：老年人认知障碍对公共卫生构成越来越大的挑战，但可获得的筛查工具仍然有限。我们的目标是通过常规收集临床数据来开发和验证可解释的机器学习模型，用于预测认知障碍。方法：我们分析了来自美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES 2011-2014）的1061名参与者。特征选择结合了多变量回归、受限三次样条和Boruta算法来识别40个临床、人口统计学和社会经济变量。12个机器学习模型（包括支持向量机（SVM）、极端梯度增强（XGBoost）和随机森林（RF））在NHANES 2001-2002 （n = 531）上进行了训练和外部验证。通过受试者工作特征曲线下面积（AUC-ROC）、校准（Brier评分）、准确性和灵敏度来评估模型的性能。此外，还对种族间的公平性进行了评估。通过SHapley加性解释（SHAP）增强可解释性。结果：SVM模型具有最佳的推广能力，在持续校准（Brier评分 = 0.1703）时，实现了0.8265（95 %CI: 0.7867-0.8582）的外部验证AUC。亚组分析显示AUC差异无统计学意义（P均为 > 0.05）。SHAP分析确定了社会经济因素、全身炎症指数和代谢标志物是关键的预测因素。局限性：通用性可能仅限于美国人群，未测量的生物标志物（如淀粉样蛋白-β）可能影响预测的准确性。少数族裔的亚组分析受到样本量的限制。结论：我们的可解释预测策略能够使用常规临床数据进行快速认知风险评估，为电子健康记录系统提供了一种具有成本效益的决策支持工具。

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引用次数: 0

Probucol attenuates bone loss in APP/PS1 mice and ameliorates Aβ42-induced osteoblast dysfunction by regulating AKT/FOXO3a signaling pathway Probucol通过调节AKT/FOXO3a信号通路，减轻APP/PS1小鼠骨质流失，改善a β42诱导的成骨细胞功能障碍。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2026.113034

Dong Liu , Hongyan Yang , Xiangqian Feng , Mingliang Hou , Xiaoyan Fu , Xiaoxiong Li , Wenjuan Hong , Le Chen , Jinping Li , Linqiu Ma , Qirong Liao , Yating Liu , Jing Lu , Donglin Wang , Huadong Zhou , Rui Zhou

Background

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and osteoporosis are common age-related degenerative diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition may contribute to the pathogenesis of both conditions. This study investigated whether probucol could alleviate AD-associated bone loss and Aβ42-induced osteoblast dysfunction, and further explored the underlying mechanisms.

Methods

Female mice were divided into four groups (n = 5 per group): C57BL/6 wild-type (WT), WT treated with probucol (WT + PBC), APP/PS1 transgenic (AD) mice, and AD treated with probucol (AD+PBC). Bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed by micro-CT. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) along with bone metabolism markers including fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), sclerostin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in bone and brain tissues were measured by ELISA. FOXO3a was knocked down in the bone marrow of APP/PS1 mice via stereotactic injection of lentiviral vectors. Expression of APP and FOXO3a in bone tissue was evaluated using RT-qPCR and Western blotting (WB). Mitochondrial damage in osteoblasts and neuronal cells was assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In vitro study, osteoblast differentiation and mineralization deficits were evaluated using Alizarin Red staining. WB was used to measure the expression of AKT, FOXO3a, autophagy and apoptosis related proteins.

Results

Probucol attenuated bone loss and mitochondrial damage in both APP/PS1 and FOXO3a-knockdown APP/PS1 mice, and improved cognitive impairment and neuronal ultrastructure in APP/PS1 mice. Furthermore, probucol attenuated Aβ42-induced osteoblast differentiation and mineralization via the AKT/FOXO3a signaling pathway in vitro.

Conclusion

These findings demonstrate that probucol ameliorates AD-associated bone loss and Aβ42-induced osteoblast impairments by regulating AKT/FOXO3a signaling pathway.

背景：阿尔茨海默病（AD）和骨质疏松症是常见的与年龄相关的退行性疾病。新出现的证据表明，淀粉样蛋白-β (Aβ)沉积可能有助于这两种疾病的发病机制。本研究探讨普罗布考是否能减轻ad相关性骨质流失和a β42诱导的成骨细胞功能障碍，并进一步探讨其机制。方法：将雌性小鼠分为4组（每组 = 5只）：C57BL/6野生型（WT）、普罗布科尔处理的WT （WT + PBC）、APP/PS1转基因（AD）小鼠和普罗布科尔处理的AD （AD+PBC）。显微ct检查骨密度（BMD）。ELISA法检测骨、脑组织中促炎因子（IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α）及骨代谢标志物（成纤维细胞生长因子23 （FGF23）、硬化蛋白、脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF））水平。通过立体定向注射慢病毒载体，在APP/PS1小鼠骨髓中敲除FOXO3a。应用RT-qPCR和Western blotting （WB）检测骨组织中APP和FOXO3a的表达。透射电镜观察成骨细胞和神经细胞线粒体损伤情况。体外研究，用茜素红染色评价成骨细胞分化和矿化缺陷。WB检测AKT、FOXO3a、自噬及凋亡相关蛋白的表达。结果：普罗布考均能减轻APP/PS1小鼠和foxo3a敲除APP/PS1小鼠的骨质流失和线粒体损伤，改善APP/PS1小鼠的认知功能障碍和神经元超微结构。此外，普罗布考在体外通过AKT/FOXO3a信号通路减弱a β42诱导的成骨细胞分化和矿化。结论：probucol通过调节AKT/FOXO3a信号通路改善ad相关骨质流失和a - β42诱导的成骨细胞损伤。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of sensory afferences in postural control quantified by force platform in healthy older adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis 用力平台量化的健康老年人姿势控制中感觉影响的影响：系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112976

J. Aflalo , C. Truong , A. Nicolaï , L. Gouzer , B. Morisset , F. Bertin-Hugault , D. Ricard , F. Quijoux

Postural balance in older adults is a key research focus, as impaired balance significantly increases fall risk, potentially leading to severe injury or mortality. Given age-related sensory decline, force-platform posturography assessing sensory perturbation effects could elucidate postural control deficits in aging. This systematic review and meta-analysis examines older adults' ability to maintain quiet stance during sensory perturbations.

We searched 8 databases for studies evaluating older adults' balance under various sensory conditions.

We included 64 articles in this review, for a total number of 4481 subjects. Proprioceptive and visual afferences were the most explored. Meta-analyses were conducted when several studies shared similar procedures and domain analysis for older adults (OA), older fallers (OF), and young adults (YA). They showed a significant impact of visual deprivation on older adults' balance for positional, dynamic and frequential variables, while it was significant only in the positional and dynamic domains for younger adults. When proprioception was disturbed, all the meta-analyses showed a significant impact on older adults.

We concluded that positional and dynamic variables are sensitive to sensory perturbations and therefore could be useful in geriatric balance assessment. However, we emphasize the variability in methodological approaches and reporting standards, which constrains the broader applicability of these findings. We posit that posturographic research requires standardization and the establishment of an expert consensus regarding clinically relevant variables to facilitate the integration of posturography into geriatric fall risk assessment protocols, preventive programs and rehabilitation care.

老年人的姿势平衡是一个重要的研究重点，因为平衡受损会显著增加跌倒的风险，可能导致严重的伤害或死亡。考虑到与年龄相关的感觉衰退，评估感觉扰动效应的力平台姿势术可以阐明衰老时的姿势控制缺陷。本系统综述和荟萃分析考察了老年人在感觉扰动时保持安静姿态的能力。我们检索了8个数据库，以评估老年人在各种感官条件下的平衡。我们纳入了64篇文献，共计4481名受试者。本体感觉和视觉影响是探索最多的。当几项研究对老年人（OA）、老年老年人（OF）和年轻人（YA）具有相似的程序和领域分析时，进行了荟萃分析。他们发现，视觉剥夺对老年人在位置、动态和频率变量上的平衡有显著影响，而对年轻人只在位置和动态领域有显著影响。当本体感觉受到干扰时，所有的meta分析都显示对老年人有显著的影响。我们的结论是，位置和动态变量是敏感的感觉扰动，因此可以在老年人平衡评估有用。然而，我们强调方法方法和报告标准的可变性，这限制了这些发现的更广泛的适用性。我们认为，体位学研究需要标准化，并就临床相关变量建立专家共识，以促进体位学纳入老年人跌倒风险评估方案、预防方案和康复护理。

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引用次数: 0

Mediating role of neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin ratio in the association between stroke and heart failure among U.S. adults 中性粒细胞百分比-白蛋白比率在美国成人中风和心力衰竭之间的中介作用。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.113010

Yan Zhao , Tingting Chen , Conghua Ji , Yuxin Shang , Yuqing Pan , Wei Mao

Background

Stroke is an independent risk factor for heart failure (HF), and they are both linked to systemic inflammation. The neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) is a novel inflammation biomarker. However, it is unclear whether the NPAR mediates the relationship between stroke and HF.

Methods

We analyzed data from 42,101 adults in the NHANES. Multivariable regression models adjusted for confounders were used to assess associations of stroke with NPAR and HF. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves were employed to investigate potential non-linear or linear relationships between NPAR and HF. Furthermore, mediation analysis was performed to assess the potential mediating role of NPAR.

Results

NPAR levels of participants with HF and/or stroke were higher than those without HF and stroke (P < 0.0001). Following full adjustment, stroke was positively associated with NPAR (β = 0.421, 95 % CI = 0.242, 0.600, P < 0.0001), with stronger associations noted in females (interaction β = 0.450, interaction p-value < 0.001). Similarly, stroke was positively associated with HF (OR = 3.0301, 95 % CI = 2.4143, 3.8030, P < 0.0001). RCS analysis further revealed a nonlinear correlation between NPAR and HF. Furthermore, mediation analysis revealed that NPAR significantly mediated the relationship between stroke and HF (proportion mediated = 3.58 %, P < 0.0001).

Conclusion

This study identified that stroke and NPAR are significantly related to HF, which increases the risk of HF in the adults, and the mediating role of NPAR is significant in the relationship between stroke and HF. This finding highlights the necessity of regulating the inflammatory-nutritional.

背景：卒中是心力衰竭（HF）的独立危险因素，两者都与全身性炎症有关。中性粒细胞百分比与白蛋白比率（NPAR）是一种新的炎症生物标志物。然而，NPAR是否在脑卒中和心衰之间起中介作用尚不清楚。方法：我们分析了来自NHANES的42101名成年人的数据。采用校正混杂因素的多变量回归模型来评估卒中与NPAR和HF的关联。限制三次样条（RCS）曲线用于研究NPAR与HF之间潜在的非线性或线性关系。此外，我们还进行了中介分析，以评估NPAR的潜在中介作用。结果：HF和/或卒中患者的NPAR水平高于无HF和卒中患者（P ）。结论：本研究发现卒中和NPAR与HF显著相关，其增加了成人HF的风险，NPAR在卒中和HF之间的中介作用显著。这一发现强调了调节炎症-营养的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of videoconference-supervised exercise training program on physical and cognitive conditions, and mental well-being in older adults: A randomized trial 视频会议监督下的运动训练项目对老年人身体、认知状况和心理健康的影响：一项随机试验

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112990

E. Milot , A. Langeard , S. Rehel , E. Gökçe , D.-C. Navarro-Morales , M. Bagueneau , L. Vincent , N. Bessot , G. Quarck

Aging is associated with declines in physical, cognitive, and physical and mental well-being. This randomized trial aimed to assess the effects of a supervised, home-based multicomponent physical training program delivered via videoconferencing on physical fitness, cognitive performance, and mental well-being in healthy older adults. Thirty participants aged 60–70 years completed either a physical training intervention (PT), a health education intervention (active control, AC), or no intervention (passive control, PC) over a period of 12 weeks. Physical fitness (daily movements, handgrip, knee extension, peak oxygen consumption, timed up and go, and balance), cognition (stroop, trail making tests, dual-task performance), and mental well-being (short form 36 item questionnaire, geriatrics depression scale, anxiety scales) were assessed pre- and post-intervention. The intervention demonstrated high adherence, supporting the feasibility and acceptability of remote exercise programs. Results showed no significant improvements in physical fitness across groups. However, only the PT group demonstrated significant improvements in mental well-being, whereas depressive symptoms decreased similarly across all groups. Cognitive improvements in executive functions were observed across groups, and dual-task performance improved specifically in the PT and AC groups. While limited by small sample size, these findings suggest that supervised videoconferencing-based exercise is a promising, accessible strategy that could improve mental well-being and promote fitness and cognitive functioning in older adults. Further research is needed among larger and more diverse populations.

衰老与身体、认知和身心健康的下降有关。本随机试验旨在评估一个有监督的、以家庭为基础的、通过视频会议进行的多组分体育训练项目对健康老年人身体健康、认知表现和心理健康的影响。30名年龄在60-70岁的参与者在12周内完成了体育训练干预（PT）、健康教育干预（主动控制，AC）或不干预（被动控制，PC）。身体健康（日常运动、握力、膝关节伸展、耗氧量峰值、起跑和平衡）、认知（stroop、trail making测试、双任务表现）和心理健康（36项问卷、老年抑郁量表、焦虑量表）在干预前和干预后进行评估。干预表现出高依从性，支持远程锻炼计划的可行性和可接受性。结果显示，各组的身体健康状况没有显著改善。然而，只有PT组在心理健康方面表现出显著的改善，而所有组的抑郁症状都有相似的下降。执行功能的认知改善在各组中都有观察到，双任务表现在PT组和AC组中有明显改善。虽然样本量有限，但这些发现表明，在监督下进行视频会议的锻炼是一种有希望的、可行的策略，可以改善老年人的心理健康，促进健康和认知功能。需要在更大、更多样化的人群中进行进一步的研究。

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引用次数: 0

Hepcidin inhibits osteoclast differentiation to alleviate osteoporosis by modulating the p53/miR-34a/Trem2 axis Hepcidin通过调节p53/miR-34a/Trem2轴抑制破骨细胞分化，缓解骨质疏松症。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112994

Lujun Chen , Guiwen Liu , Sheng Liu , Yin Zhu , Zhongrui Liu , Luliang Wei , Yuzhen Liao , Yongjun Ye , Weimin Huang , Wuyang Liu , Lulin Liu

Background

The relationship between iron accumulation and osteoporosis (OP) progression has received attention in recent years. Hepcidin is a key regulator of iron homeostasis and may contribute to the treatment of OP. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of hepcidin in OP remains unclear.

Methods

Transgenic mice were constructed, including hepcidin overexpression (Hamp) mice and Trem2 overexpression (Trem2) mice, followed by performed ovariectomy (OVX) procedure. Trem2-OVX mice and Hamp mice were used to construct parabiosis model, which was named as Hamp+Trem2-OVX parabiosis mice. Serum hepcidin and ferritin levels were tested by ELISA. Bone microstructure and related parameters were evaluated by Micro-CT. Bone mass and osteoclast ratio in mice were assessed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were isolated from OVX mice and Hamp-OVX mice, and then treated with RANKL to induce osteoclast differentiation. Osteoclast formation and differentiation were assessed by TRAP staining, western blot and immunofluorescence staining assay. The protein levels of osteoclast differentiation-related markers, p53 and Trem2 were examined by western blot. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure miR-34a and Trem2 mRNA expression. The interaction between miR-34a and p53 or Trem2 was confirmed by ChIP assay, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay.

Results

Serum hepcidin level was decreased in OP women and mice, and its overexpression attenuated OP progression in OVX mice. Hepcidin overexpression inhibited osteoclast formation and differentiation in RANKL-induced BMMs. Hepcidin activated p53 to promote miR-34a transcription, and miR-34a targeted Trem2. Inhibition of miR-34a reversed the inhibitory effect of hepcidin on osteoclast formation and differentiation in RANKL-induced BMMs. Furthermore, Trem2 overexpression promoted bone loss and osteoclast formation in OVX mice, and these effects were abolished in Hamp+Trem2-OVX parabiosis mice.

Conclusion

Hepcidin alleviated OP progression by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation via regulating the p53/miR-34a/Trem2 axis.

背景：铁积累与骨质疏松症（OP）进展的关系近年来受到关注。Hepcidin是铁稳态的关键调节因子，可能有助于OP的治疗。然而，Hepcidin在OP中的潜在分子机制尚不清楚。方法：构建转基因小鼠，包括hepcidin过表达（Hamp）小鼠和Trem2过表达（Trem2）小鼠，并进行卵巢切除术（OVX）。采用Trem2-OVX小鼠与Hamp小鼠构建异种共生模型，命名为Hamp+Trem2-OVX异种共生小鼠。ELISA法检测血清hepcidin和铁蛋白水平。显微ct检查骨显微结构及相关参数。采用抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRAP）染色、苏木精和伊红染色测定小鼠骨量和破骨细胞比例。从OVX小鼠和Hamp-OVX小鼠中分离骨髓源性巨噬细胞（BMMs），然后用RANKL诱导破骨细胞分化。采用TRAP染色、western blot和免疫荧光染色法观察破骨细胞的形成和分化情况。western blot检测破骨细胞分化相关标志物p53和Trem2蛋白水平。采用实时荧光定量PCR检测miR-34a和Trem2 mRNA的表达。通过ChIP实验、双荧光素酶报告基因实验和RIP实验证实miR-34a与p53或Trem2的相互作用。结果：hepcidin可降低OP妇女和小鼠的血清hepcidin水平，其过表达可减缓OVX小鼠的OP进展。Hepcidin过表达抑制rankl诱导的骨髓瘤中破骨细胞的形成和分化。Hepcidin激活p53促进miR-34a转录，miR-34a靶向Trem2。抑制miR-34a逆转了hepcidin对rankl诱导的骨髓瘤中破骨细胞形成和分化的抑制作用。此外，Trem2过表达促进了OVX小鼠的骨质流失和破骨细胞的形成，而这些影响在Hamp+Trem2-OVX异种共生小鼠中被消除。结论：Hepcidin通过调节p53/miR-34a/Trem2轴抑制破骨细胞分化，从而缓解OP进展。

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引用次数: 0

Association between food inflammation scores of individuals and sarcopenia in U.S. adults: A cross-sectional study from NHANES 2011–2018 美国成年人食物炎症评分与肌肉减少症之间的关系：来自NHANES 2011-2018的横断面研究。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.113004

Li Tao , Qinghuan Yang , Xinrong Zeng , Hao Yu , Jun Mu , Zhiwen Yan , Yinghong Tang

This cross-sectional study investigates the association between the Food Inflammation Scores of Individuals (FISI34, FISI26-USDA, FISI26-CHINA), derived from the Food Inflammation Index (FII), and sarcopenia in 5489 U.S. adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2011–2018). Sarcopenia was defined using appendicular lean mass adjusted for body mass index (BMI). Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analyses revealed significant positive associations between higher FISI and sarcopenia prevalence, with odds ratios ranging from 1.13 to 1.39 in fully adjusted models. Stronger associations were observed in females, adults aged ≥40 years, Mexican Americans, and those with higher BMI or chronic conditions like hypertension and cardiovascular disease, though no significant interaction effects were observed (p-interaction >0.05). FISI, incorporating individual dietary intake and nutrient reference values, offers a personalized approach compared to the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), supporting the evaluation of targeted dietary strategies to address sarcopenia.

这项横断面研究调查了5489 美国个体食物炎症指数（FII）的食物炎症评分（FISI34, FISI26-USDA, FISI26-CHINA）与肌肉减少症之间的关系来自全国健康和营养检查调查（NHANES 2011-2018）的成年人。骨骼肌减少症的定义采用经身体质量指数（BMI）调整的阑尾瘦质量。Logistic回归和限制性三次样条分析显示，高FISI与肌肉减少症患病率之间存在显著正相关，在完全调整模型中，比值比为1.13至1.39。在女性、年龄≥40 岁的成年人、墨西哥裔美国人以及BMI较高或患有高血压和心血管疾病等慢性疾病的人群中观察到更强的相关性，但没有观察到显著的相互作用效应（p-相互作用>0.05）。与膳食炎症指数（DII）相比，FISI结合了个人膳食摄入量和营养参考值，提供了一种个性化的方法，支持评估有针对性的饮食策略，以解决肌肉减少症。

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引用次数: 0

Autonomous fall risk assessment in Australian Residential Aged Care Facilities using passive sensors: A feasibility study 澳大利亚住宅养老设施中使用被动传感器的自主跌倒风险评估：可行性研究。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.113013

David Silvera-Tawil , Jane Li , Liesel Higgins , Deepa Prabhu , Jennifer Hewitt , Katie Packer , Wei Lu , Maggie Haertsch , Marlien Varnfield

Background

Falls in residential aged care home (RAC) remain a critical issue in Australia, contributing to diminished quality of life and increased morbidity among older adults. This study investigates the feasibility of passive sensor technologies to proactively identify behavioural changes, such as reduced mobility and sleep disturbances, that may signal elevated fall risk. It also explores resident and staff acceptance of the technology.

Methods

An open-label, non-randomized feasibility trial using a single-group, post-test mixed methods design was conducted with 24 residents at a RAC in Sydney, Australia. Ambient and wearable sensor data and clinical records were collected, alongside interviews with residents and staff. Data were analysed using quantitative and qualitative techniques to assess feasibility and user experience.

Results

Sensor data revealed diverse resident routines and rapid staff responses to alerts. Predictive analytics showed promise for identifying elevated fall risk, though further validation is needed. Qualitative feedback from 10 residents indicated residents found the system mostly unobtrusive but raised concerns around privacy and false alerts that triggered staff interventions. Despite this, many residents acknowledged its value, especially for individuals with higher vulnerability. Interviews with eight staff members echoed the system's potential to enhance monitoring and safety, but noted technical and training challenges.

Conclusion

The study demonstrates that sensor-based monitoring in RACs is technically feasible and generally acceptable. The findings support its integration into aged care as a proactive, person-centred approach to falls management, provided that implementation is supported by thoughtful design, clear communication, and staff training.

背景：在澳大利亚，养老院（RAC）跌倒仍然是一个关键问题，导致老年人生活质量下降和发病率增加。这项研究调查了被动传感器技术的可行性，以主动识别行为变化，如活动能力下降和睡眠障碍，这可能预示着跌倒风险的增加。它还探讨了居民和工作人员对这项技术的接受程度。方法：对澳大利亚悉尼某RAC的24名居民进行了一项开放标签、非随机可行性试验，采用单组、试验后混合方法设计。收集环境和可穿戴传感器数据和临床记录，以及与居民和工作人员的访谈。使用定量和定性技术分析数据，以评估可行性和用户体验。结果：传感器数据揭示了不同的居民惯例和快速的工作人员对警报的反应。预测分析显示，尽管需要进一步验证，但仍有望识别出较高的跌倒风险。来自10位居民的定性反馈表明，居民们认为该系统大多不引人注目，但引发了对隐私和错误警报的担忧，引发了工作人员的干预。尽管如此，许多居民还是承认它的价值，尤其是对那些易受伤害的人。对8名工作人员的采访反映了该系统在加强监测和安全方面的潜力，但也指出了技术和培训方面的挑战。结论：本研究表明，基于传感器的rac监测在技术上是可行的，并且被普遍接受。研究结果支持将其作为一种主动的、以人为本的跌倒管理方法纳入老年护理，前提是实施过程中要有周到的设计、清晰的沟通和人员培训。

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引用次数: 0

Copper-to-zinc ratio predicts incident sarcopenia and adverse health outcomes: Results from I-Lan Longitudinal Aging Study 铜锌比预测肌肉减少症和不良健康结果：来自宜兰纵向衰老研究的结果。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112984

Kuan-Yu Peng , Wei-Ju Lee , Chih-Kuang Liang , Li-Ning Peng , Ming-Hsien Lin , Ching-Hui Loh , Fei-Yuan Hsiao , Liang-Kung Chen

Introduction

The copper-to‑zinc (Cu/Zn) ratio is linked to inflammation and aging, but longitudinal evidence for sarcopenia remains limited. We examined associations of serum copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and Cu/Zn ratio with adverse health outcomes and sarcopenia.

Methods

Cu, Zn, and the Cu/Zn ratio were analyzed as continuous variables and by tertiles. The study included (1) a 5-year survival analysis assessing associations with adverse outcomes (falls, hospital admissions, emergency department visits, mortality, and a composite outcome); and (2) cross-sectional and 3-year longitudinal analysis examining their associations with prevalent and incident sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was defined based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria.

Results

Over five years, 357 of 2015 participants experienced adverse events; 311 of 1474 non-sarcopenic participants developed incident sarcopenia over three years. Each standard deviation increase in the Cu/Zn ratio was associated with higher risks of adverse outcomes (aHR 1.18, 95 % CI 1.04–1.33, p = 0.008), hospitalization (aHR 1.23, 95 % CI 1.02–1.49, p = 0.030), mortality (aHR 1.50, 95 % CI 1.06–2.13, p = 0.021), and incident sarcopenia (aOR 1.39, 95 % CI 1.13–1.73, p < 0.001). Higher Cu levels predicted low muscle mass (aOR 1.18, 95 % CI 1.05–1.33, p = 0.005), while higher Zn levels were protective against muscle weakness (aOR 0.84, 95 % CI 0.73–0.97, p = 0.015). Importantly, the association between the Cu/Zn ratio and incident sarcopenia remained significant after additional adjustment for cardiometabolic risk factors and inflammatory biomarkers.

Conclusions

Elevated serum Cu/Zn ratio predicts adverse outcomes and sarcopenia, highlighting its value as a biomarker for clinical risk in older adults.

铜锌比（Cu/Zn）与炎症和衰老有关，但骨骼肌减少症的纵向证据仍然有限。我们研究了血清铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）和铜/锌比与不良健康结果和肌肉减少症的关系。方法：以Cu、Zn、Cu/Zn比为连续变量，采用分位数法进行分析。该研究包括(1)5年生存分析，评估与不良结果（跌倒、住院、急诊就诊、死亡率和综合结果）的关联；(2)横断面和3年的纵向分析，检查它们与普遍和偶然的肌肉减少症的关系。肌少症是根据2019年亚洲肌少症工作组的标准定义的。结果：在5年多的时间里，2015名参与者中有357人经历了不良事件；在1474名非肌少症参与者中，有311人在三年内发生了肌少症。每个标准偏差增加铜/锌比值与更高风险的不良结果(aHR 1.18, 95 %可信区间1.04 - -1.33,p = 0.008),住院治疗(aHR 1.23, 95 %可信区间1.02 - -1.49,p = 0.030),死亡率(aHR 1.50, 95 %可信区间1.06 - -2.13,p = 0.021),和事件sarcopenia(优势比1.39,95 %可信区间1.13 - -1.73,p 结论:升高血清铜/锌比值预测不良结果sarcopenia,突出它的价值作为一个生物标志物在老年人临床风险。

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引用次数: 0

Strength but not power training increases soluble alpha klotho levels in pre-frail older adults 力量训练而非力量训练可增加体弱前老年人的可溶性α -克洛索水平。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.113002

Michaela Rippl , Martin Bidlingmaier , Linda Deissler , Sebastian Martini , Katharina Mueller , Sabine Schluessel , Ralf Schmidmaier , Júnia R.O.L. Schweizer , Olivia Tausendfreund , Laura Welscher , Michael Drey

Background

Loss of physical function is a growing health concern in aging populations. Resistance training, including strength training (ST) and power training (PT), is the main therapeutic approach, yet evidence regarding the most effective modality remains inconsistent. Soluble alpha klotho (sαKL) is a protein increasingly recognized for its role in muscle function and may serve as a biomarker of training responsiveness due to its association with aging, muscle integrity, and exercise-induced adaptions. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether ST and PT differentially influence sαKL levels in older adults.

Methods

69 prefrail, community-dwelling older adults (65–94 years) were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of ST, PT, or a control group (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00783159). In a post hoc analysis serum sαKL levels and physical performance measures before and after the intervention were analyzed.

Results

23 participants were allocated to ST, 24 to PT and 22 to the control group. The participants had a mean age of 77 years, 70 % were female. There were no baseline differences between groups. Both ST and PT led to significant improvements in the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) but only ST increased sαKL levels.

Conclusion

Twelve weeks of ST, but not PT, significantly increased circulating sαKL levels in pre-frail older adults. Given the beneficial health effects of increased sαKL, these findings suggest that ST may offer additional biological advantages relevant to healthy aging. sαKL may serve as a promising biomarker for training-induced adaptions, but prospective trials are needed to confirm long-term effects and further clarify underlying mechanisms.

背景：身体机能丧失是老年人日益关注的健康问题。阻力训练，包括力量训练（ST）和力量训练（PT），是主要的治疗方法，但关于最有效的方式的证据仍然不一致。可溶性α - klotho （s - α kl）是一种越来越被认为在肌肉功能中起作用的蛋白质，由于其与衰老、肌肉完整性和运动诱导适应相关，可能作为训练反应性的生物标志物。因此，我们旨在研究ST和PT对老年人s - α kl水平的影响是否存在差异。方法：69名身体虚弱的社区老年人（65-94 岁）被随机分配到12 周的ST、PT或对照组（ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00783159）。在事后分析中，分析了干预前后血清s - α kl水平和体能指标。结果：ST组23人，PT组24人，对照组22人。参与者的平均年龄为77 岁，其中70 %为女性。两组之间没有基线差异。ST和PT均能显著改善短物理性能电池（SPPB），但只有ST能提高s - α kl水平。结论：12周ST治疗，而非PT治疗，显著提高了体弱前老年人的循环s - α kl水平。考虑到s - α kl的增加对健康的有益影响，这些发现表明ST可能具有与健康衰老相关的额外生物学优势。s - α kl可能作为一种有希望的训练诱导适应的生物标志物，但需要前瞻性试验来证实其长期效应并进一步阐明其潜在机制。

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引用次数: 0