Experimental gerontology最新文献

{"title":"Successful aging among older adults with and without disability","authors":"Madina Khamzina,&nbsp;Shannon T. Mejia,&nbsp;Wendy A. Rogers","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Disability is a common experience in older adulthood, yet biomedical perspectives do not accommodate successful aging within the context of disability. Our study integrates disability into the concept of successful aging and utilizes subjective well-being and self-rated health as indicators of successful aging. Further, we establish the link between disability and successful aging. Finally, we consider the potential for modifiable factors that hold promise in fostering successful aging in the context of disability at two distinct time periods.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted repeated cross-sectional analysis of the 2011 (<em>N</em> = 6440) and 2020 (<em>N</em> = 3220) waves of the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Disability was self-reported for mobility, hearing, and vision. Successful aging indicators included subjective well-being and self-rated health. Physical activity, and social engagement were explored as potentially modifiable protective factors. Moderation analyses tested whether protective factors were more salient for persons with disability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Weighted analyses showed the prevalence of successful aging among those with disability to be 40 % in 2011 and 38 % in 2020. Linear regressions showed each disability to be negatively associated with successful aging indicators. Social engagement and physical activity supported successful aging indicators in both time periods. Moderation analyses showed social engagement to be especially important in 2011 for those with mobility, hearing, and two or more disabilities.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Findings underscore the importance of shifting the concept toward successful aging with disability and highlighted the promising role of modifiable factors such as physical activity and social engagement in enhancing successful aging, particularly for those with disabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112964"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145515360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between serum copper-to‑zinc ratio and mortality among older patients in the emergency department: A prospective cohort study in Taiwan","authors":"Jin-Wei Lin ,&nbsp;Pei-Ying Lin ,&nbsp;Po-Hsiang Liao ,&nbsp;Cheng-Han Chen ,&nbsp;Hsien-Hao Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The association between the serum copper-to‑zinc (Cu/Zn) ratio and clinical outcomes in geriatric emergency department (ED) populations remains inconclusive. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of the serum Cu/Zn ratio among geriatric population in the ED setting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a prospective observational study involving patients aged 65 years and older who were admitted to the ED observation room of a tertiary medical center in Taiwan between August 29, 2018, and November 28, 2022. The primary outcome was 3-month mortality. Participants were stratified into two groups based on the serum Cu/Zn ratio, and survival analysis using Cox proportional hazards modeling was performed with covariate adjustment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 280 participants were included, with a mean age of 84.4 years and 62.1 % being male. The mean serum copper and zinc levels were 1130.9 μg/L and 829.9 μg/L, respectively, with a mean Cu/Zn ratio of 1.4. The 3-month mortality rate was 8.2 %. The optimal cut-off value for predicting mortality was 1.67, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.755. Compared to the low Cu/Zn ratio group, the high Cu/Zn ratio group had significantly higher rates of hospital admission (84.0 % vs. 56.1 %), 1-month mortality (6.7 % vs. 1.5 %), and 3-month mortality (22.7 % vs. 2.9 %). In the multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, a high Cu/Zn ratio remained independently associated with increased 3-month mortality (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.540; 95 % CI: 1.291–1.838).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Among older adults in the ED, a higher serum Cu/Zn ratio was independently associated with increased 3-month mortality, highlighting its potential role as a prognostic biomarker. Further studies are warranted to investigate potential therapeutic implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112963"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145508502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting the interplay of pain and perception: A commentary on “Chronic pain and subjective memory problems are dynamic risk factors for functional decline”","authors":"Parth Aphale ,&nbsp;Himanshu Shekhar ,&nbsp;Shashank Dokania","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112965","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112965"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145497870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of exercise interventions on oxygen uptake in healthy older adults: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"María López-González ,&nbsp;Susana Priego-Jiménez ,&nbsp;Anais López-Requena ,&nbsp;Mar De Miguel-Brox ,&nbsp;Celia Álvarez-Bueno","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although aerobic training leads to physiological improvements in older adults, as measured by the VO₂ peak, there is no conclusive evidence on which type of physical exercise intervention is most effective in improving the VO₂ peak.</div><div>Aim</div><div>To determine the effects of different physical exercise interventions on oxygen consumption in healthy older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted. The literature search was performed from inception to <em>October 2025</em>. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effectiveness of exercise programs on oxygen consumption in healthy older adults were included. The risk of bias was assessed via the Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB 2.0), and the quality of the evidence was evaluated via the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework. Pairwise meta-analyses and NMA were conducted to synthesize both direct and indirect evidence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 16 studies were included in the NMA. The greatest improvements in oxygen consumption were observed in the endurance exercise group versus the control group (effect size [ES]: 2.68; 95 % CI: 2.00–3.35), followed by the combined exercise group versus the control group (ES: 2.31; 95 % CI: 1.02–3.60).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Endurance should be considered the most effective exercise to improve oxygen consumption in healthy older adults, followed by combined exercise. Given the importance of the VO₂ peak as a predictor of quality of life and mortality in older adults, it is essential to include its assessment in clinical guidelines and prioritize the most effective physical activity interventions to enhance it.</div></div><div><h3>Registration</h3><div>The protocol for this review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251081461).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112962"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145491260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive value of different muscle power normalization methods for mobility limitations in community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional analysis from the longevity check-up 8+ study","authors":"Stefano Cacciatore ,&nbsp;Matteo Tosato ,&nbsp;Riccardo Calvani ,&nbsp;Hélio José Coelho-Júnior ,&nbsp;Emanuele Marzetti ,&nbsp;Francesco Landi ,&nbsp;on Behalf of the Lookup8+ Study Group","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Lower limb muscle power is a critical determinant of mobility in older adults. However, its optimal normalization method remains uncertain. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to compare different normalization approaches for muscle power in predicting self-reported 400 m walking difficulty, used as a proxy of mobility limitation, in community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years old) from the Longevity Check-Up 8+ Study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Lower limb muscle power was estimated using five-repetition sit-to-stand equations and expressed as i) absolute (W), ii) relative (W/kg), iii) allometric (W/m²), and iv) specific power (W/kg of appendicular skeletal muscle mass). 400-m walking difficulty was self-reported and dichotomized. Discriminative ability was assessed through receiver operating characteristic curves. Associations were tested using logistic regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 4614 participants (mean age 72.8 ± 5.8 years; 53.2 % women), 25.1 % reported difficulty walking 400 m. Individuals reporting difficulty were older, more frequently female, had higher body mass index, and lower physical activity levels (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Relative muscle power demonstrated the highest discriminative ability [area under the curve 0.70; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.68–0.72], outperforming other indices. Optimal cut-offs for relative muscle power identified using the Youden index were 3.1 W/kg in women and 3.8 W/kg in men. Low relative muscle power was significantly associated with greater odds of walking difficulty (odds ratio 2.07; 95 % CI 1.78–2.42; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Relative muscle power showed superior predictive performance for self-reported walking difficulty, as an indicator of mobility limitation, compared to other normalization methods. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore their relevance for other clinically meaningful outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112961"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145468170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond quantity: Muscle quality as the cornerstone for sarcopenia diagnosis and healthy aging","authors":"Mifta Rizka ,&nbsp;Rizky Andana Pohan ,&nbsp;Santy Andrianie","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This letter provides a critical reflection on the article “Sex- and age-related declines in muscle mass, strength, physical performance, and muscle quality among community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study” (<span><span>Asano et al., 2025</span></span>). The study significantly advances our understanding of age-related muscle deterioration by examining multiple domains, including muscle mass, strength, physical performance, and quality, in a large cohort of Japanese older adults. Key findings highlight that muscle strength and physical performance decline more rapidly than muscle mass, emphasizing the importance of assessing muscle quality over mass as a predictor of frailty and disability risk. Beyond the study's conclusions, we argue that muscle quality should be incorporated into universal diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia. Muscle mass alone fails to capture the complexity of muscle aging and its impact on functionality. The study further reveals that lower limbs are more vulnerable to age-related decline than upper limbs, suggesting targeted interventions for lower extremity strength and power. Additionally, it underscores sex-specific differences, with men showing faster increases in intramuscular fat and women experiencing sharper declines in morphological muscle quality after age 75. These findings support the integration of muscle quality into diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia and call for more aggressive preventive strategies for those aged 75 and older. We recommend that clinical and public health strategies prioritize muscle quality assessments and interventions tailored to sex- and limb-specific vulnerabilities, ideally initiated before the age of 75. This approach could provide a more accurate early detection of sarcopenia and significantly enhance the effectiveness of aging-related interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112956"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145468207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal relationships between sarcopenia, frailty, and health outcomes: A systematic review of Mendelian randomization studies","authors":"Justina Kilaitė ,&nbsp;Erinija Pranckevičienė ,&nbsp;Valentina Ginevičienė ,&nbsp;Alina Urnikytė ,&nbsp;Rūta Dadelienė ,&nbsp;Asta Mastavičiūtė ,&nbsp;Ieva Eglė Jamontaitė ,&nbsp;Vidmantas Alekna ,&nbsp;Ildus I. Ahmetov","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112953","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112953","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The development of frailty and sarcopenia is influenced by age-related physiological changes and gene–environment interactions, accelerating musculoskeletal decline and systemic dysfunction in older adults. Mendelian randomization (MR) use genetic variants as instrumental variables to assess causality. This study systematically reviewed two-sample MR studies investigating causal relationships of frailty and sarcopenia-related traits with various health outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed and Scopus were searched (last accessed June 27, 2025) using terms including “Mendelian randomization“, “sarcopenia“, “lean mass“ or “fat free mass“, “strength“, “walking pace“, “gait“, and “frailty.” Study quality was assessed via STROBE-MR checklist. Extracted data included exposure/outcome details, MR results (odds ratios or beta values with 95 % confidence intervals, <em>p</em>-value of the causal association), and instrumental variable sources.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The final analysis included a total of 68 articles on sarcopenia-related traits and 96 on frailty. Gait speed causally affected 25 traits and was affected by 26 traits. Handgrip strength causally affected 20 traits and was affected by 83 traits. Lean mass related phenotypes causally affected 45 traits and were affected by 85 traits. Frailty had a causal effect on 191 traits and was affected by 75 traits. Causal links between 19 groups of disease traits and sarcopenia and frailty were confirmed in observational studies (OS) and MR studies. In the majority of studies, increased muscle strength, lean mass, a faster walking pace, and lower frailty served as protective factors against the risk of many diseases and were positively associated with cognitive function.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this systematic review, we identified robust evidence supporting causal associations of both frailty and sarcopenia with a range of health-related outcomes, including sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, respiratory and musculoskeletal disorders, autoimmune disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, changes in gut microbiota, and neurological and vascular conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Study registration</h3><div>This review was preregistered with PROSPERO (CRD420251110335).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112953"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145472295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between changes in physical performance and changes in biomarkers during a physical activity intervention in older adults - an exploratory study","authors":"Johanna U. Braisch ,&nbsp;Gudrun Weinmayr ,&nbsp;Mark A. Tully ,&nbsp;Jason J. Wilson ,&nbsp;Nicole E. Blackburn ,&nbsp;Maria Giné-Garriga ,&nbsp;Oriol Sansano-Nadal ,&nbsp;Paolo Caserotti ,&nbsp;Mathias Skjødt ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Koenig ,&nbsp;Michael Denkinger ,&nbsp;Dhayana Dallmeier ,&nbsp;Dietrich Rothenbacher","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Physical activity (PA) and lower amount of sedentary behaviour (SB) have both been associated with decreased risk of major non-communicable diseases and premature all-cause mortality in older adults. However, it is still not clear which exact underlying mechanisms lead to the observed health improvements. We therefore investigated the relation of increased PA and reduced SB with several blood biomarkers to get information on potential underlying pathophysiological pathways in older adults.</div><div>Three hundred and thirty-nine community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older with low levels of PA and/or high levels of SB were recruited in Germany and the UK as part of the SITLESS study. Accelerometer-measured PA and SB, physical function by the short physical performance battery (SPPB) and blood parameters, including inflammatory, metabolic, cardiac, among other markers, were assessed at baseline and after a 16 weeks physical activity intervention. The association of changes in the physical function and physical activity parameters with changes in blood biomarkers over this period was assessed with median regression adjusting for potential confounders.</div><div>Gait speed and PA markers changed only slightly from baseline to follow-up with no difference for the SPPB total score. In adjusted analyses, we found some associations of these changes with changes in TNF-alpha, IGF-1, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, cystatin C, and troponins, partly also in an unexpected direction (with TNF-alpha, IGF-1 and triglycerides). No associations with changes in hs-CRP, IL-6, total cholesterol, HDL, transferrin, GDF-15, and NT-proBNP were found.</div><div>We found some plausible pattern describing associations between changes in physical function and PA or SB with some of the selected biomarkers, namely TNF-alpha, troponins and most convincingly in cystatin C. However, small changes in physical function and PA outcomes during a 16-week intervention and limited sample size may limit the power of our study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112959"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145472314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota composition and long-term physical activity in healthy older adults at high and low performance levels","authors":"Giovanni Fiorilli ,&nbsp;Alessandro Medoro ,&nbsp;Elisa Viciani ,&nbsp;Alessandra di Cagno ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Calcagno ,&nbsp;Alfonso Di Costanzo ,&nbsp;Andrea Castagnetti ,&nbsp;Giovanni Scapagnini ,&nbsp;Sergio Davinelli","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aging is associated with significant alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota, including decreased microbial diversity. These changes are accelerated by lifestyle factors, such as sedentary behavior, which tends to increase with age. Although the role of physical activity in preventing age-related functional decline has been widely recognized in recent years, its long-term influence at different intensity levels on gut microbial composition in older adults remains unclear. In this study, we performed a cross-sectional analysis at 48 months, comparing gut microbiota profiles of older adults (71–84 years), stratified into high-performance (HP) and low-performance (LP) physical activity groups, with age-matched physically inactive controls. Following stool sample collection and microbiota profiling, physically active older adults showed significantly higher gut microbial diversity and distinct community structure compared with the controls. HP and LP groups shared similar gut microbial profiles, characterized by an enrichment of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing species, including <em>Phocaeicola vulgatus</em>, <em>Dorea longicatena</em>, <em>Bacteroides uniformis</em>, <em>Alistipes putredinis</em>, <em>Blautia luti</em>, and <em>Oscillibacter ruminantium</em>. However, specific taxa such as <em>Turicibacter sanguinis</em> and <em>Eubacterium oxidoreducens</em>, linked to serotonin signaling and acetate/butyrate production, were enriched in HP participants. Nevertheless, our findings suggest that long-term engagement in physical activity at both high and low performance levels may enhance gut microbiota composition in older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112957"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145461043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipoprotein metabolism and its impact on life expectancy","authors":"Michał Skrzycki,&nbsp;Wojciech Graboń","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The aim of this review is to explore the relationship between lipoprotein metabolism and life expectancy across species. The central research question addresses how different classes of lipoproteins (chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL) and their metabolic pathways influence aging processes and longevity, with a focus on both disease-related and species-specific mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study synthesizes data mostly from 2015 to 2024, including experimental research in animal models (rodents, primates, <em>C. elegans</em>, <em>D. melanogaster</em>), epidemiological studies in humans, and comparative analyses of lipid profiles across vertebrates and invertebrates. It also examines molecular signaling pathways and evaluates biomedical interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Disruptions in lipoprotein metabolism—particularly elevated LDL-C and VLDL-C levels—are strongly associated with age-related diseases and reduced lifespan in both humans and animal models. In contrast, high HDL-C levels and efficient reverse cholesterol transport are consistently linked to longevity. Species such as birds and cold-water fish exhibit unique lipid profiles that allow high cholesterol without pathological consequences, indicating evolutionary adaptations. Molecular mechanisms involving lipid-sensitive signaling pathways further modulate aging. Therapeutic and dietary interventions targeting lipoprotein metabolism show potential for lifespan extension.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Lipoprotein metabolism plays a central role in determining healthspan and longevity. Understanding the cross-species diversity and regulatory mechanisms of lipid transport provides critical insights into aging biology. Advances in pharmacology, nutrition, and genetic technology offer promising tools to modulate lipoprotein profiles and promote healthy aging in humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"212 ","pages":"Article 112952"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145453596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}