Experimental gerontology最新文献

{"title":"Distribution and diagnostic modeling of osteoporosis and comorbidities across demographic factors: A cross-sectional study of 2224 female patients","authors":"Li Dingpeng ,&nbsp;Bai Bihui ,&nbsp;Xie Ruixuan ,&nbsp;Yao Fei ,&nbsp;Xie Xingwen ,&nbsp;Lin Demin","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study investigates the distribution of osteoporosis (OP) and its associated comorbidities across different demographic factors. Furthermore, this study seeks to develop a statistically-based diagnostic model leveraging demographic and health indicators to provide personalized risk assessments for OP.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis was conducted on the demographic data, health profiles, and bone density measurements of 2224 female patients. Key variables associated with OP were identified using chi-square tests. Feature selection was refined through Lasso regression and recursive feature elimination (RFE), which guided the development of a logistic regression-based dynamic nomogram. This model was subsequently implemented on the Shiny platform for personalized online OP risk assessments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 2224 female patients, 801 (36.0 %) were diagnosed with OP. Women aged 70 and older exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of OP compared to younger age groups (OR = 5.83, 95 % CI: 1.74–19.61, <em>P</em> = 0.004), and this remained significant in the multivariable analysis (OR = 5.18, 95 % CI: 1.19–22.52, <em>P</em> = 0.028). Later age at menarche was associated with increased OP risk (OR = 1.31, 95 % CI: 1.09–1.57, <em>P</em> = 0.004), persisting in multivariable analysis (OR = 1.25, 95 % CI: 1.03–1.52, <em>P</em> = 0.023). In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, higher education reduced OP risk, with secondary education (OR = 0.09, <em>P</em> = 0.024) and college education (OR = 0.04, <em>P</em> = 0.009) showing protective effects. Diabetic patients who were unmarried or had non-traditional marital statuses showed increased OP risk (univariate OR = 2.73, <em>P</em> = 0.006; multivariate OR = 2.34, <em>P</em> = 0.029). Among nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients, age at menopause was significantly linked to OP risk (univariate OR = 1.04, <em>P</em> = 0.012). The prediction model showed strong performance (AUC = 0.720), and the dynamic nomogram on the Shiny platform provided effective personalized OP risk assessments.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Age and age at menarche are significant risk factors for OP, with later menarche increasing the risk. In RA patients, higher education levels were associated with a lower risk of OP. In contrast, unmarried or non-traditional marital statuses increased OP risk among diabetic patients. Additionally, age at menopause was found to be a significant factor for OP risk in NAFLD patients. The prediction model developed in this study, with an AUC of 0.720, provides a reliable method for personalized OP risk assessment through a dynamic nomogram. These findings highlight the crucial role of demographic factors in predicting OP risk and underscore the importance of personalized treatment strategies for effective OP prevention and management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 112638"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-specific in the relationship between diastolic blood pressure and the risk of cardiovascular disease: A cohort study of the UK Biobank","authors":"Fang-Fei You ,&nbsp;Wen-Fang Zhong ,&nbsp;Yi-Ning Gao ,&nbsp;Dong Shen ,&nbsp;Zhi-Hao Li ,&nbsp;Jiao-Jiao Ren ,&nbsp;Jian Gao ,&nbsp;Xiao-Meng Wang ,&nbsp;Wei-Qi Song ,&nbsp;Chuan Li ,&nbsp;Huan Chen ,&nbsp;Jia-Hao Xie ,&nbsp;Hao-Yu Yan ,&nbsp;Chen Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>To investigate the effect of optimal diastolic blood pressure (DBP) level on cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, considering different age groups. And the nonlinear relationship between DBP and CVD events by age were evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>358,734 participants of the UK biobank were included. Multivariable Cox regressions were performed to evaluate the relation between DBP and cardiovascular risk, and the natural cubic spline was applied to estimate the nonlinear relationship between the DBP measures and the hazard.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the UK Biobank, a total of 358,734 participants (mean [SD] age, 55.3 [8.1] years; 205,215 [57.2 %] female) were included in this analysis. The rate of CVD cases was 6.05 per 1000 person-years. For each SD increase, DBP was associated with elevated CVD events for both &lt;50 year (HR, 1.19; 95 % CI, 1.12 to 1.26) and 50–59 year-old group (HR, 1.04; 95 % CI, 1.01 to 1.08). However, for every SD increment, a marginal protective effect against CVD events was observed between DBP and the CVD events in elder people (≥60 years old) and lower DBP (&lt;70 mm Hg) may confer an increased CVD risks (HR, 1.10; 95 % CI, 1.03 to 1.17).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>For adults younger than 60 years old, the study seems to support the ACC/AHA blood pressure guidelines lowering the DBP threshold to 80 mm Hg. Conversely, it may be reasonable to rule out large effects of high DBP on CVD events and DBP &lt;70 mm Hg may be cause for caution in older people aged 60–69.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 112635"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early life exercise impacts physiology and lifespan in a sex- and genotype-dependent manner in a Drosophila melanogaster exercise model","authors":"Heidi M. Johnson,&nbsp;Nicole C. Riddle","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exercise is a common strategy for disease prevention or management, including for diabetes and cardiac dysfunction. However, exercise response varies immensely between individuals, and in humans, the same exercise treatment can lead both to positive and negative responses. <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> is an established model for exercise research that can be leveraged to understand this variation in exercise response. Here, we investigated how two early life exercise treatments differing in duration (5 and 20 days) impact the animals' health- and lifespan in four genotypes. Specifically, we measured lifespan, activity level, body condition, physical ability, and reproductive output in this exploratory study to gain insights into potential trade-offs. For most measures, we found both immediate and long-term effects, with some effects persisting weeks past the cessation of exercise. The effect of the exercise treatment was context-dependent, with treatment, sex, and genotype interactions determining phenotypes. For example, the 20-day treatment did not exhibit a consistently larger effect than the 5-day treatment. Similarly, neither the 5-day nor the 20-day treatment impacted lifespan, but two specific genotype/sex combinations showed altered lifespan after exercise. The 20-day treatment decreased climbing performance compared to controls up to several weeks after treatment ended in some genotypes. Together, our results highlight the complex, interacting factors controlling exercise response and demonstrate that early life exercise can have long-lasting effects in the Drosophila exercise model even though most individual groups show no response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 112630"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142650427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying and validating the key regulatory transcription factor YY1 in the aging process of pancreatic beta cells based on bioinformatics","authors":"Junqi Yang ,&nbsp;Yumin Ma ,&nbsp;Jiang Liu ,&nbsp;Qingtian Zhu ,&nbsp;Rui Zhou ,&nbsp;Chenchen Yuan ,&nbsp;Yanbing Ding ,&nbsp;Weiming Xiao ,&nbsp;Weijuan Gong ,&nbsp;Qing Shan ,&nbsp;Guotao Lu ,&nbsp;Hongwei Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aging of pancreatic beta cells is closely associated with various diseases, such as impaired glucose tolerance, yet the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we screened young and aged mouse pancreatic beta cells' high-throughput sequencing data from the GEO public database. Utilizing bioinformatics techniques, we identified the key regulatory factor YY1 in the aging process of pancreatic islets. We observed a significant decrease in the expression of YY1 in a D-gal-induced mouse model of pancreatic aging and an H₂O₂-induced MIN6 cell model of aging. Moreover, both vivo and vitro models, we found that the YY1 agonist eudesmin (EDN) improved glucose intolerance in mice, alleviated aging of pancreatic beta cells, and downregulated the expression of cell cycle protein P21. Mechanistically, we discovered that EDN inhibited the P38/JNK MAPK pathway in aging cells. In summary, our study confirms the regulatory role of the transcription factor YY1 in the aging process of pancreatic beta cells. This finding may provide a new approach for the clinical treatment of pancreatic aging-related diseases such as impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 112633"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of MiR-143-3p in swimming exercise protection against osteoarthritis in mice","authors":"Jun Zhao,&nbsp;Yayi Xia,&nbsp;Jinwen He","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the effects of swimming exercise on cartilage, inflammatory markers, subchondral bone structure, and stride length in mice with knee osteoarthritis induced by anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) transection, and to explore the role of miR-143-3p in these effects.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-six 3-month-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: control, exercise (swimming 30 min daily for one month), and exercise + miR-143-3p mimics (swimming exercise plus intra-articular injection of miR-143-3p mimics lentivirus once every two weeks for four weeks). Experimental groups underwent ACL transection to induce osteoarthritis. Interventions began two weeks post-modeling. Post-intervention, stride length analysis, histological analysis (including assessment of cartilage morphology and chondrocyte number), and micro-CT scanning (to assess subchondral bone structure) were performed. Inflammatory markers were measured in cartilage.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Swimming exercise partially alleviated joint inflammation (as evidenced by reduced levels of IL-1β), protected cartilage (maintaining chondrocyte number and extracellular matrix homeostasis, as demonstrated by improved cartilage morphology), and enhanced subchondral bone structure. However, miR-143-3p supplementation partially inhibited these beneficial effects of swimming exercise. Both exercise groups showed gait impairment (reduced stride length) compared to controls, with no significant difference between the two exercise groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Swimming exercise can mitigate osteoarthritis progression by protecting cartilage, improving subchondral bone structure, and reducing inflammation. However, miR-143-3p partially counteracts these protective effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 112632"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of Life's Essentials 8 on sarcopenia prevalence among adults in the United States","authors":"Genshan Zhang ,&nbsp;Jie Fu ,&nbsp;Haokun Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiangshang Xu ,&nbsp;Zhixin Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sarcopenia is closely associated with cardiovascular disease. We aimed to examine the association of Life's Essential 8 (LE8), the recently updated measurement of cardiovascular health (CVH), with the presence of sarcopenia among US adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This population-based cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2005–2006 and 2011–2018, and included adults aged 20 years or older. LE8 score was measured according to American Heart Association definitions. Sarcopenia was measured according to the National Institutes of Health definition, the ratio of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) to body mass index (BMI). Multivariable logistic and restricted cubic spline models were used to assess the associations between LE8 and sarcopenia.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 11,078 participants, 1021 (9.22 %) were diagnosed with sarcopenia. After adjusting for potential confounders, higher LE8, health behavior and health factors scores were associated with reduced odds ratios (OR) of sarcopenia (OR for per 10 scores increase in LE8, 0.65; 95 % CI 0.61–0.70; OR for per 10 scores increase in health behaviors score, 0.90; 95 % CI 0.84–0.97; OR for per 10 scores increase in health factors score, 0.67; 95 % CI 0.63–0.71). A non-linear dose-response relationship was observed between LE8 scores, health factors scores, and sarcopenia. The inversed association between LE8 score and sarcopenia was significantly stronger among males and participants with a high school education or above.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>LE8 was negatively associated with the prevalence of sarcopenia in a nonlinear fashion. Promoting adherence to optimal CVH levels may benefit to reduce the risk of sarcopenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 112631"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of socio-therapeutic interventions on cognitive functions among institutionalized elderly","authors":"Yiyi Zhuang ,&nbsp;Mary Jane Botabara-Yap ,&nbsp;Rowena Imelda A. Ramos ,&nbsp;Jolly Sabino Balila","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cognitive impairment affects over one billion people globally, with elderly individuals in institutions in China being particularly impacted. This study involved 60 elderly participants with mild cognitive impairment, who were randomly assigned to one of two groups: 30 in a control group receiving traditional programs from the elderly institution and 30 in an intervention group receiving socio-therapeutic methods. Cognitive function was assessed before the intervention, and at the end of the first, second, and third months (with unsupervised interventions in the third month). Initially, both groups had similar low MMSE scores. However, the socio-therapeutic intervention led to significant cognitive improvements in the intervention group after the first and second months, with results remaining higher than the control group by the end of the third month. The study highlights the effectiveness of socio-therapeutic interventions in enhancing cognitive function and suggests that such programs should be adopted in elderly care institutions. Further research is needed to explore long-term effects and optimal program components, with personalized interventions and family/community involvement recommended to maximize benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 112629"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant and neuro-modulatory effects of niacin prevent D-galactose-induced behavioral deficits and memory impairment","authors":"Noreen Samad ,&nbsp;Aqsa Hameed ,&nbsp;Natasha Manzoor ,&nbsp;Sadia Shoukat ,&nbsp;Ali Irfan ,&nbsp;Gamal A. Shazly ,&nbsp;Arslan Khalid ,&nbsp;Umer Ejaz ,&nbsp;Saima Khaliq ,&nbsp;Emilio Mateev ,&nbsp;Yousef A. Bin Jardan","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aging is an invincible phenomenon that is a risk factor for the development of neurological disorders such as anxiety, depression, and memory decline that are prominent in aging. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of Niacin (Nn) on D-galactose (D-Gal)-induced behavioral deficits and memory impairment in rats. In the experiment, forty-eight male albino Sprague dwaley rats were divided on a random basis into six groups (<em>n</em> = 8): Veh + Veh, Veh + Nn (low dose), Veh + Nn (high dose), Veh + D-Gal, D-Gal+Nn (low dose), D-Gal+Nn (high dose). 300 mg/kg/mL drug doses of D-Gal, while low doses (25 mg/kg/mL) and high doses (50 mg/kg/mL) of Nn were used in this study. Animals received their respective treatment for 14 days (intraperitoneally, once daily). After 14 days, animals were subjected to different behavioral tests including light-dark box activity, elevated plus maze test (for anxiety), and tail suspension test (for depression). A Morris water maze test was performed to evaluate short-term and long-term memory performance. After behavioral tests, decapitation was performed and brains were collected and stored for biochemical and neurochemical analysis. Behavioral analysis revealed that Nn alleviated the anxiety and depression-like symptoms and memory decline induced by D-Gal. D-Gal-induced decreased antioxidant enzymes, and acetylcholine levels, while increased oxidative stress markers, neuro-inflammatory cytokines, serotonin metabolism, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were prevented by Nn administration at both doses. <em>In-silico</em> studies showed that Nn has a potential to inhibit AChE activity with a binding affinity of −5.0 kcal/mol. In conclusion, Nn as an antioxidant and neuromodulator could be helpful for treating aging and associated psychiatric illnesses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 112624"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Verbal training can improve neurocognitive and reading performance by increasing white matter integrity and grey matter volume","authors":"Ching-Chi Hsu ,&nbsp;Yun-Hsiang Wu ,&nbsp;Kang-Shuo Lee ,&nbsp;Po-Cheng Shih ,&nbsp;Tzu-Yu Liu ,&nbsp;James Cheng-Chung Wei ,&nbsp;Wei-Min Chu ,&nbsp;Toshiharu Nakai ,&nbsp;Fan-Pei Gloria Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) present both health and economic challenges on a global scale, thus affecting millions of people, and is projected to increase significantly by the year 2050. Early language processing deficits are evident in those diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease and MCI. Recent advances in pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions, including cognitive rehabilitation and training, show promising effects on cognitive functions. Articulation training, particularly, is highlighted for its potential in addressing the communication difficulties which those experiencing dementia and MCI face, based on the transmission deficit hypothesis. This study aimed to perform a voxel-wise comparison of morphological changes in grey matter volume as well as white matter integrity to represent the plastic changes in response to articulation training among older, healthy Japanese adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty older, healthy Japanese adults were randomized into either a cognitive training group or a control group. The study involved comprehensive behavioral assessments, neuroimaging (including 3D anatomy, fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging), and a structured verbal articulation training regimen. The training included reading tasks which focused on enhancing both articulation and phonological skills. Neuroimaging data were acquired using a 3 Tesla Siemens MR scanner, with the FSL tool being used for white matter analysis and the CAT12 toolbox for grey matter analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant increases in grey matter volume were observed in certain regions, including the left Supplementary motor area, Postcentral gyrus, and bilateral Superior frontal gyrus among those in the training group. Correlations were noted between reading abilities and cortical volume in areas such as the left Middle temporal gyrus, pulvinar, and Middle occipital gyrus. White matter integrity also improved, as evidenced by increased fractional anisotropy in tracts such as the superior longitudinal fasciculus, corona radiata, and internal capsule. These findings suggest a link between articulation training and enhanced neuroplasticity in both grey and white matter regions related to language processing.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study demonstrates that a 4-week verbal articulation training intervention period can lead to significant improvements in grey matter volume in the left Supplementary motor area, the left Postcentral gyrus, and the bilateral Superior frontal gyrus, as well as the integrity of white matter tracts associated with language processing among older adults. These results suggest that such training could be a valuable tool in enhancing cognitive functions related to language in older populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 112625"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of home-based exercise alone or combined with cognitive training on cognition in community-dwelling older adults: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Emma Gabrielle Dupuy ,&nbsp;Florent Besnier ,&nbsp;Christine Gagnon ,&nbsp;Thomas Vincent ,&nbsp;Tudor Vrinceanu ,&nbsp;Caroll-Ann Blanchette ,&nbsp;Jeremy Gervais ,&nbsp;Juliana Breton ,&nbsp;Kathia Saillant ,&nbsp;Josep Iglesies-Grau ,&nbsp;Sylvie Belleville ,&nbsp;Martin Juneau ,&nbsp;Paolo Vitali ,&nbsp;Anil Nigam ,&nbsp;Mathieu Gayda ,&nbsp;Louis Bherer","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112628","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Structured and supervised physical exercise and cognitive training are two efficient ways to enhance cognition in older adults. Performing both within a combined intervention could maximize their effect on cognition due to their potential synergy on brain functions. During the COVID-19 pandemic, these interventions were particularly relevant due to the collateral impact of social restrictions regarding physical activity and the level of cognitive stimulation. However, the benefits of remotely monitored intervention combining physical exercise and cognitive training for older adult cognition remain to be demonstrated.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;127 older adults (age: 65.20 ± 7.95) were randomized in two arms, encouraging self-engagement in six months of home-based physical exercise alone or combined with cognitive training, monitored by phone once a week. Neuropsychological assessment was performed under videoconference supervision at baseline and after three and six months. Composite &lt;em&gt;Z&lt;/em&gt;-scores were calculated for processing speed, executive functioning, working, and episodic memory to assess changes after three and six months of training. The weekly metabolic expenditure of self-reported activities was estimated using the compendium of physical activity to distinguish participants performing higher and lower doses of exercise (median split).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;106 participants (83.46 %) completed the 6-month training. Results showed a greater &lt;em&gt;Z&lt;/em&gt;-score change in executive functioning for participants in the combined arm than those who only exercised (F = 4.127, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.046, η&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.050). Group x Exercise dose interaction was observed for episodic memory Z-score change (F = 6.736, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.011, η&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.070), with a greater improvement for participants performing higher doses of exercise compared to those who performed a lower dose, only in exercise alone arm. Performing a higher dose of exercise increased the working memory &lt;em&gt;Z&lt;/em&gt;-score change in both intervention arms compared to a lower dose (F = 7.391, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.008, η &lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.076).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Remote combined training may lead to larger improvement in executive functioning than exercise alone. Physical exercise showed a dose-related improvement in working and episodic memory performances. The combination of cognitive interventions mitigated the effects of exercise on episodic memory. These results suggest that home-based exercise and cognitive training may help improve older adults' cognition.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Trial registration&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;COVEPIC was retrospectively registered on December 03, 2020. Clinical trials Identifier: &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;NCT04635462&lt;/span&gt;&lt;svg&gt;&lt;path&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;&lt;/span&gt; - &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT04635462?term=NCT04635462&amp;draw=2&amp;rank=1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;svg&gt;&lt;pat","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 112628"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}