Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112986
Yang Xu , Fei Jiang , Bin Zheng , Guang-Lei Zhang , Ren-Hu Li
Objectives
To quantify interactions between sleep duration and activities of daily living (ADL) limitations on low back pain (LBP) in Chinese adults ≥45 years using China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data.
Methods
This study presents a cross-sectional analysis of CHARLS data collected between 2011 and 2015. Participants self-reported their sleep duration and LBP experiences. ADL limitations were assessed using a 12-item scale. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the interaction effects of sleep duration and ADL limitations on LBP.
Results
Short sleep (OR = 1.50, 95 % CI 1.32, 1.70), basic activities of daily living (BADL) limitation (OR = 2.22, 95 % CI 1.68, 2.95), and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) limitation (OR = 2.01, 95 % CI 1.72, 2.36) were independently associated with LBP. Multiplicative interactions were significant for short sleep with BADL (OR = 3.03, 95 % CI 1.97, 4.67) and IADL (OR = 1.94, 95 % CI 1.53, 2.45), and for long sleep with BADL (OR = 2.54, 95 % CI 1.41, 4.56) and IADL (OR = 1.62, 95 % CI 1.20, 2.18). Additive synergy was found in adults ≥60 years with short sleep and BADL (RERI = 2.81, AP = 0.56, S = 3.32), while long sleep and IADL showed antagonism (RERI = -1.30, AP = -0.68, S = 0.41).
Conclusion
In adults ≥60 years, short sleep combined with BADL limitation exhibits an additive interaction on LBP, while long sleep combined with IADL limitation shows antagonism. Therefore, longitudinal studies are needed for causality and targeted interventions.
{"title":"The interactive influences of sleep duration and activities of daily living on low back pain: Insights from CHARLS","authors":"Yang Xu , Fei Jiang , Bin Zheng , Guang-Lei Zhang , Ren-Hu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To quantify interactions between sleep duration and activities of daily living (ADL) limitations on low back pain (LBP) in Chinese adults ≥45 years using China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study presents a cross-sectional analysis of CHARLS data collected between 2011 and 2015. Participants self-reported their sleep duration and LBP experiences. ADL limitations were assessed using a 12-item scale. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the interaction effects of sleep duration and ADL limitations on LBP.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Short sleep (OR = 1.50, 95 % CI 1.32, 1.70), basic activities of daily living (BADL) limitation (OR = 2.22, 95 % CI 1.68, 2.95), and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) limitation (OR = 2.01, 95 % CI 1.72, 2.36) were independently associated with LBP. Multiplicative interactions were significant for short sleep with BADL (OR = 3.03, 95 % CI 1.97, 4.67) and IADL (OR = 1.94, 95 % CI 1.53, 2.45), and for long sleep with BADL (OR = 2.54, 95 % CI 1.41, 4.56) and IADL (OR = 1.62, 95 % CI 1.20, 2.18). Additive synergy was found in adults ≥60 years with short sleep and BADL (RERI = 2.81, AP = 0.56, S = 3.32), while long sleep and IADL showed antagonism (RERI = -1.30, AP = -0.68, S = 0.41).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In adults ≥60 years, short sleep combined with BADL limitation exhibits an additive interaction on LBP, while long sleep combined with IADL limitation shows antagonism. Therefore, longitudinal studies are needed for causality and targeted interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 112986"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112978
Laura Cianfruglia , Gretta Veronica Badillo Pazmay , Carlo Fortunato , Pietro Giorgio Spezia , Federica Novazzi , Francesco Piacenza , Marco Malavolta , Francesca Marchegiani , Rina Recchioni , Giulia Matacchione , Chiara Giordani , Maurizio Cardelli , Tiziana Casoli , Mirko Di Rosa , Antonio Cherubini , Giuseppe Pelliccioni , Riccardo Sarzani , Francesco Spannella , Fabrizia Lattanzio , Anna Rita Bonfigli , Robertina Giacconi
Torque teno virus (TTV) is a ubiquitous virus whose viremia increases in conditions of immune dysfunction and aging, suggesting its potential role as a biomarker of immunosenescence. This study investigated the association between TTV viremia and all-cause mortality risk over seven years in a hospitalized older cohort, and its relationship with inflammatory markers including osteopontin (OPN) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). Data from 956 patients were analyzed, with high TTV load defined as ≥5 log DNA copies/mL. High TTV viremia was significantly associated with increased mortality risk at 1, 3, and 7 years independently of age, sex, comorbidities, and inflammatory markers. In stratified analyses, this association was significant at one year in both males and females, but persisted at three and seven years only in males. The strongest association was observed in participants aged 80–89 years, remaining significant across all follow-up periods. When patients were stratified by a composite immune score reflecting degrees of immunosenescence, high TTV viremia predicted increased mortality among those with intermediate or severe immune dysfunction, persisting up to seven years in the most immunosenescent subgroup. Patients with elevated TTV loads exhibited increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), decreased serum albumin and hemoglobin, and significantly higher plasma levels of OPN and GDF15, whereas IL-10 tended to decrease. No significant differences were observed for neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, IL-6, CD163, CCL22, or CXCL9 between high and low TTV viremia groups. These findings indicate that high TTV viremia independently predicts mortality risk and reflects a pro-inflammatory and immunosenescent state.
{"title":"High Torque teno virus viremia predicts long-term mortality and reflects chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging) in geriatric inpatients","authors":"Laura Cianfruglia , Gretta Veronica Badillo Pazmay , Carlo Fortunato , Pietro Giorgio Spezia , Federica Novazzi , Francesco Piacenza , Marco Malavolta , Francesca Marchegiani , Rina Recchioni , Giulia Matacchione , Chiara Giordani , Maurizio Cardelli , Tiziana Casoli , Mirko Di Rosa , Antonio Cherubini , Giuseppe Pelliccioni , Riccardo Sarzani , Francesco Spannella , Fabrizia Lattanzio , Anna Rita Bonfigli , Robertina Giacconi","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Torque teno virus (TTV) is a ubiquitous virus whose viremia increases in conditions of immune dysfunction and aging, suggesting its potential role as a biomarker of immunosenescence. This study investigated the association between TTV viremia and all-cause mortality risk over seven years in a hospitalized older cohort, and its relationship with inflammatory markers including osteopontin (OPN) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). Data from 956 patients were analyzed, with high TTV load defined as ≥5 log DNA copies/mL. High TTV viremia was significantly associated with increased mortality risk at 1, 3, and 7 years independently of age, sex, comorbidities, and inflammatory markers. In stratified analyses, this association was significant at one year in both males and females, but persisted at three and seven years only in males. The strongest association was observed in participants aged 80–89 years, remaining significant across all follow-up periods. When patients were stratified by a composite immune score reflecting degrees of immunosenescence, high TTV viremia predicted increased mortality among those with intermediate or severe immune dysfunction, persisting up to seven years in the most immunosenescent subgroup. Patients with elevated TTV loads exhibited increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), decreased serum albumin and hemoglobin, and significantly higher plasma levels of OPN and GDF15, whereas IL-10 tended to decrease. No significant differences were observed for neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, IL-6, CD163, CCL22, or CXCL9 between high and low TTV viremia groups. These findings indicate that high TTV viremia independently predicts mortality risk and reflects a pro-inflammatory and immunosenescent state.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 112978"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Qiliqiangxin capsule (QLQX) against cognitive impairment in rats with heart failure (HF), as well as the underlying mechanisms.
Materials and methods
Heart failure was induced in rats by LAD ligation. The animals were randomized into four groups (sham, model, QLQX [0.6 g/kg/d], and valsartan [13.3 mg/kg/d]) and received treatment for 60 days. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography, while cognitive function was assessed using the Morris water maze. Myocardial and hippocampal morphology were examined by HE and Nissl staining, respectively. Hippocampal levels of Ang II, Aβ42, and ROS were quantified via ELISA and DHE staining. Finally, Western blot analysis was performed to measure the expression of AT1R, NF-κB, P-gP, RAGE, and the tight junction proteins (Claudin-5, Occludin).
Results
Echocardiographic assessments revealed that QLQX significantly improved cardiac function in rats with HF-induced cognitive impairment. The Morris water maze test demonstrated that, compared with the model group, QLQX treatment enhanced the targeting of swimming path and increased the number of platform crossings—consistently indicating alleviation of cognitive dysfunction. Histological analysis using HE staining confirmed that QLQX preserved myocardial structural integrity. Nissl staining further demonstrated that QLQX mitigated neuronal damage in the hippocampus. Additionally, QLQX reduced the levels of Ang II, AT1R, ROS, and Aβ42. It also downregulated the expression of NF-κB and P-gP while upregulating that of Claudin-5 and Occludin.
Conclusions
QLQX improves cardiac function and mitigates cognitive decline in rats with heart failure. These protective effects likely involve the reduction of Ang II, AT1R, and ROS levels, alongside inhibition of the NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, QLQX upregulates the tight junction proteins Claudin-5 and Occludin, which helps preserve blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. This cascade of events ultimately reduces cerebral Aβ deposition.
{"title":"Qiliqiangxin capsule improves the cognitive disorders in heart failure rats through regulating blood brain barrier function","authors":"Hongbing Zhao , Yue Zhao , Jinfang Dou , Murong Hei , Yuqian Gao , Jiaran Peng , Zhimiao Wang , Shuai Zhang , Haiyan Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Qiliqiangxin capsule (QLQX) against cognitive impairment in rats with heart failure (HF), as well as the underlying mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Heart failure was induced in rats by LAD ligation. The animals were randomized into four groups (sham, model, QLQX [0.6 g/kg/d], and valsartan [13.3 mg/kg/d]) and received treatment for 60 days. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography, while cognitive function was assessed using the Morris water maze. Myocardial and hippocampal morphology were examined by HE and Nissl staining, respectively. Hippocampal levels of Ang II, Aβ<sub>42</sub>, and ROS were quantified via ELISA and DHE staining. Finally, Western blot analysis was performed to measure the expression of AT1R, NF-κB, P-gP, RAGE, and the tight junction proteins (Claudin-5, Occludin).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Echocardiographic assessments revealed that QLQX significantly improved cardiac function in rats with HF-induced cognitive impairment. The Morris water maze test demonstrated that, compared with the model group, QLQX treatment enhanced the targeting of swimming path and increased the number of platform crossings—consistently indicating alleviation of cognitive dysfunction. Histological analysis using HE staining confirmed that QLQX preserved myocardial structural integrity. Nissl staining further demonstrated that QLQX mitigated neuronal damage in the hippocampus. Additionally, QLQX reduced the levels of Ang II, AT1R, ROS, and Aβ<sub>42.</sub> It also downregulated the expression of NF-κB and P-gP while upregulating that of Claudin-5 and Occludin.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>QLQX improves cardiac function and mitigates cognitive decline in rats with heart failure. These protective effects likely involve the reduction of Ang II, AT1R, and ROS levels, alongside inhibition of the NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, QLQX upregulates the tight junction proteins Claudin-5 and Occludin, which helps preserve blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. This cascade of events ultimately reduces cerebral Aβ deposition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 113007"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145807066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarcopenia, a major cause of frailty in postmenopausal women, is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify whether mitophagy, a mitochondrial quality control mechanism, contributes to postmenopausal sarcopenia, to elucidate its underlying mechanism, and to assess whether it can be rescued.
Methods
C57BL/6 mice (12-week-old females) underwent ovariectomy to establish a menopause mouse model, or sham surgery, and the therapeutic effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) were assessed. Human skeletal muscle myoblasts (HSMMs) differentiated under postmenopausal conditions with or without 17β-estradiol (E2), and Rab9 expression was modulated using CRISPR activation.
Results
Ovariectomized mice exhibited decreased muscle mass and strength. E2 deficiency in HSMMs inhibited skeletal muscle cell differentiation, promoted senescence, impaired mitochondrial function, and reduced mitophagy. However, E2 deficiency did not modulate light chain 3 and autophagy-related 7 but reduced Rab9 expression and the colocalization of Rab9 with lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2, suggesting that E2 mediates mitophagy through Rab9-dependent alternative autophagy. Furthermore, overexpression of Rab9 in E2-deficient HSMMs enhanced mitophagy, improved mitochondrial function, suppressed cellular senescence, and promoted skeletal muscle cell differentiation. The administration of NMN to ovariectomized mice increased Rab9 expression and improved sarcopenia through increased mitophagy.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates that estrogen deficiency impairs mitophagy originated from Rab9-dependent alternative autophagy, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and sarcopenia, while enhancement of Rab9 restores mitochondrial quality control and muscle function. These results identify Rab9-dependent mitophagy as a potential therapeutic target for postmenopausal sarcopenia.
{"title":"Disruption of Rab9-dependent mitophagy contributes to menopause-induced sarcopenia","authors":"Shota Uebo , Yoshiyuki Ikeda , Yoshihiro Uchikado , Yuichi Sasaki , Yuichi Akasaki , Takuro Kubozono , Mitsuru Ohishi","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aim</div><div>Sarcopenia, a major cause of frailty in postmenopausal women, is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify whether mitophagy, a mitochondrial quality control mechanism, contributes to postmenopausal sarcopenia, to elucidate its underlying mechanism, and to assess whether it can be rescued.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>C57BL/6 mice (12-week-old females) underwent ovariectomy to establish a menopause mouse model, or sham surgery, and the therapeutic effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) were assessed. Human skeletal muscle myoblasts (HSMMs) differentiated under postmenopausal conditions with or without 17β-estradiol (E2), and Rab9 expression was modulated using CRISPR activation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ovariectomized mice exhibited decreased muscle mass and strength. E2 deficiency in HSMMs inhibited skeletal muscle cell differentiation, promoted senescence, impaired mitochondrial function, and reduced mitophagy. However, E2 deficiency did not modulate light chain 3 and autophagy-related 7 but reduced Rab9 expression and the colocalization of Rab9 with lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2, suggesting that E2 mediates mitophagy through Rab9-dependent alternative autophagy. Furthermore, overexpression of Rab9 in E2-deficient HSMMs enhanced mitophagy, improved mitochondrial function, suppressed cellular senescence, and promoted skeletal muscle cell differentiation. The administration of NMN to ovariectomized mice increased Rab9 expression and improved sarcopenia through increased mitophagy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates that estrogen deficiency impairs mitophagy originated from Rab9-dependent alternative autophagy, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and sarcopenia, while enhancement of Rab9 restores mitochondrial quality control and muscle function. These results identify Rab9-dependent mitophagy as a potential therapeutic target for postmenopausal sarcopenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 112970"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145582852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112979
Yu-Huei Wang , Ting-Fu Lai , Yung Liao , I-Lun Cheng , Ming-Chun Hsueh
Purpose
Effective strategies are needed to address declining physical activity (PA) and prolonged sedentary behavior (SB) in older women. This study examined the impact of accelerometer-based feedback and behavior change technique (BCTs) interventions on PA and SB patterns.
Methods
42 healthy older women (mean age = 72.6 ± 5.2 years) were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 22) or a control group (n = 20). The intervention group received real-time activity feedback via a wearable device and a 12-week BCTs intervention, including PA and SB education, exercise consultation, movement notifications, and goal setting. The control group maintained their usual lifestyle and wore an accelerometer without feedback. PA (step count, light-to-vigorous intensity) and SB (total sedentary time, frequency and total duration ≥30-min sedentary bouts, and sedentary breaks) were assessed using the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT.
Results
After 12 weeks, the intervention group showed significant improvements in total PA (p = .000; ⴄ2 = 0.450), daily step count (p = .011; ⴄ2 = 0.161),≥30-min sedentary bouts frequency (p = .000; ⴄ2 = 0.524), and total duration in >30-min sedentary bouts (p = .000; ⴄ2 = 0.513). No significant changes were found in specific-intensity PA, total sedentary time, and sedentary breaks.
Conclusion
Wearable feedback and BCT interventions effectively increased PA and reduced prolonged SB in older women.
{"title":"A randomized controlled trial of wearable accelerometer-based feedback and behavior change techniques to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behavior in older women","authors":"Yu-Huei Wang , Ting-Fu Lai , Yung Liao , I-Lun Cheng , Ming-Chun Hsueh","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Effective strategies are needed to address declining physical activity (PA) and prolonged sedentary behavior (SB) in older women. This study examined the impact of accelerometer-based feedback and behavior change technique (BCTs) interventions on PA and SB patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>42 healthy older women (mean age = 72.6 ± 5.2 years) were randomly assigned to an intervention group (<em>n</em> = 22) or a control group (<em>n</em> = 20). The intervention group received real-time activity feedback via a wearable device and a 12-week BCTs intervention, including PA and SB education, exercise consultation, movement notifications, and goal setting. The control group maintained their usual lifestyle and wore an accelerometer without feedback. PA (step count, light-to-vigorous intensity) and SB (total sedentary time, frequency and total duration ≥30-min sedentary bouts, and sedentary breaks) were assessed using the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After 12 weeks, the intervention group showed significant improvements in total PA (<em>p</em> = .000; ⴄ<sup>2</sup> = 0.450), daily step count (<em>p</em> = .011; ⴄ<sup>2</sup> = 0.161),≥30-min sedentary bouts frequency (<em>p</em> = .000; ⴄ<sup>2</sup> = 0.524), and total duration in >30-min sedentary bouts (p = .000; ⴄ<sup>2</sup> = 0.513). No significant changes were found in specific-intensity PA, total sedentary time, and sedentary breaks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Wearable feedback and BCT interventions effectively increased PA and reduced prolonged SB in older women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 112979"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145642895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-20DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.113001
Yujie Zhang , Zhe Pan , Jiewen Shi , Jingjing Zhang , Yongli Chai , Ye Zhao , Wei Liu , Wei'’an Yuan
Background
The total flavonoids of Epimedii Folium (Epimedium brevicornu Maxim.) are the main active component, and have unique advantages in sarcopenia intervention. Nevertheless, its efficacy and mechanism of action have not been reported in the literature.
Aim of the study
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of TFE on sarcopenia and to elucidate the mechanisms involving the FXR-FGF15 signaling pathway and the gut microbiota-bile acid-skeletal muscle axis.
Methods
At the cellular level, the effects of TFE on C2C12 myotube morphology, as well as on myogenic growth factors and atrophy-related markers, were evaluated. At the animal level, the effects of TFE on sarcopenia were investigated through assessments of senescence score, grip strength, body composition, running performance, and histological analysis of skeletal muscle tissue. The levels of inflammatory cytokines in serum were assayed using ELISA to assess the inflammation. Pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA from the V3–V4 of fecal samples characterized the gut microbiota. Targeted bile acid metabolomics in fecal and skeletal muscle samples were measured using UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap HRMS. qRT-PCR and western blot were used to evaluate markers related to bile acid synthesis, transport, and absorption, as well as the FXR-FGF15 signaling pathway.
Results
TFE helps prevent dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy and degeneration by upregulating the expression of myogenic growth factors (MyoD, Mef2a, and MyoG) and downregulating the expression of muscle atrophy markers (Trim63, Fbxo32). 12 weeks TFE administration has significant therapeutic properties in SAMP8 mice, as demonstrated by lower senescence score and body fat content; greater grip force, lean muscle content and muscle function (running time and distance), and have the effects of delaying the progression of aging and repairing the pathological damage of skeletal muscle in the SAMP8 mice. Its mechanism of action may involve restoring gut microbiota imbalance and bile acid metabolism disruption, thereby positively regulating FXR-FGF15 signaling.
Conclusions
In the present study, TFE was shown to improve dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy and degeneration in C2C12 myotubes, as evidenced by the restored expression of myogenic markers and the downregulation of atrophy-related genes and proteins. Additionally, TFE can attenuate sarcopenia progression in SAMP8 mice. Its effect was related to the regulation of the gut microbiota-bile acids-skeletal muscle axis.
{"title":"Therapeutic effects of Total flavonoids of Epimedium Folium on sarcopenia via modulation of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism","authors":"Yujie Zhang , Zhe Pan , Jiewen Shi , Jingjing Zhang , Yongli Chai , Ye Zhao , Wei Liu , Wei'’an Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The total flavonoids of Epimedii Folium (<em>Epimedium brevicornu Maxim.</em>) are the main active component, and have unique advantages in sarcopenia intervention. Nevertheless, its efficacy and mechanism of action have not been reported in the literature.</div></div><div><h3>Aim of the study</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of TFE on sarcopenia and to elucidate the mechanisms involving the FXR-FGF15 signaling pathway and the gut microbiota-bile acid-skeletal muscle axis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>At the cellular level, the effects of TFE on C2C12 myotube morphology, as well as on myogenic growth factors and atrophy-related markers, were evaluated. At the animal level, the effects of TFE on sarcopenia were investigated through assessments of senescence score, grip strength, body composition, running performance, and histological analysis of skeletal muscle tissue. The levels of inflammatory cytokines in serum were assayed using ELISA to assess the inflammation. Pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA from the V3–V4 of fecal samples characterized the gut microbiota. Targeted bile acid metabolomics in fecal and skeletal muscle samples were measured using UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap HRMS. qRT-PCR and western blot were used to evaluate markers related to bile acid synthesis, transport, and absorption, as well as the FXR-FGF15 signaling pathway.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>TFE helps prevent dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy and degeneration by upregulating the expression of myogenic growth factors (MyoD, Mef2a, and MyoG) and downregulating the expression of muscle atrophy markers (Trim63, Fbxo32). 12 weeks TFE administration has significant therapeutic properties in SAMP8 mice, as demonstrated by lower senescence score and body fat content; greater grip force, lean muscle content and muscle function (running time and distance), and have the effects of delaying the progression of aging and repairing the pathological damage of skeletal muscle in the SAMP8 mice. Its mechanism of action may involve restoring gut microbiota imbalance and bile acid metabolism disruption, thereby positively regulating FXR-FGF15 signaling.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In the present study, TFE was shown to improve dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy and degeneration in C2C12 myotubes, as evidenced by the restored expression of myogenic markers and the downregulation of atrophy-related genes and proteins. Additionally, TFE can attenuate sarcopenia progression in SAMP8 mice. Its effect was related to the regulation of the gut microbiota-bile acids-skeletal muscle axis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 113001"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145807023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112992
Rasoul Ebrahimi , Mojtaba Seifi , Mohammad Mahdi Masouri , Melika Ravari Nejad , Ghazal Azad , Amir Hossein Kabiri , Shokoofe Noori
Background
This study aims to thoroughly evaluate blood neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients compared to controls and across various MS subtypes.
Methods
We conducted a systematic search of PubMed and Web of Science up to February 20, 2025, focusing on studies that reported blood NfL levels in individuals with MS and in control groups. Effect sizes were determined using Hedges' g, applying a random effects model for significant heterogeneity (I2 > 50 %), and a fixed effects model otherwise.
Results
From 1380 records, 68 studies with a total of 19,159 participants were included. Blood NfL levels were significantly higher in MS patients compared to controls (SMD = 0.78; 95 % CI [0.67, 0.89], p < 0.001; I2 = 87.29 %). We also found elevated NfL levels in all major MS subtypes: RRMS (SMD = 0.71; 95 % CI [0.52, 0.91], p < 0.001; I2 = 90.26 %), SPMS (SMD = 0.94; 95 % CI [0.60, 1.28], p < 0.001; I2 = 88.43 %), PPMS (SMD = 0.79; 95 % CI [0.16, 1.42], p = 0.01; I2 = 95.75 %), and combined PMS (SMD = 0.96; 95 % CI [0.79, 1.12], p < 0.001; I2 = 80.28 %) compared to controls. Also, GFAP levels were significantly higher in PMS than in RRMS.
Conclusions
Our findings highlight the potential of blood NfL as a useful biomarker for tracking disease progression and distinguishing MS subtypes. However, additional studies are essential to confirm its effectiveness in clinical settings (Graphical abstract).
{"title":"Blood neurofilament light chain in patients with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and updated meta-analysis","authors":"Rasoul Ebrahimi , Mojtaba Seifi , Mohammad Mahdi Masouri , Melika Ravari Nejad , Ghazal Azad , Amir Hossein Kabiri , Shokoofe Noori","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aims to thoroughly evaluate blood neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients compared to controls and across various MS subtypes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic search of PubMed and Web of Science up to February 20, 2025, focusing on studies that reported blood NfL levels in individuals with MS and in control groups. Effect sizes were determined using Hedges' g, applying a random effects model for significant heterogeneity (<em>I</em><sup>2</sup> > 50 %), and a fixed effects model otherwise.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 1380 records, 68 studies with a total of 19,159 participants were included. Blood NfL levels were significantly higher in MS patients compared to controls (SMD = 0.78; 95 % CI [0.67, 0.89], <em>p</em> < 0.001; I<sup>2</sup> = 87.29 %). We also found elevated NfL levels in all major MS subtypes: RRMS (SMD = 0.71; 95 % CI [0.52, 0.91], <em>p</em> < 0.001; I<sup>2</sup> = 90.26 %), SPMS (SMD = 0.94; 95 % CI [0.60, 1.28], p < 0.001; I<sup>2</sup> = 88.43 %), PPMS (SMD = 0.79; 95 % CI [0.16, 1.42], <em>p</em> = 0.01; I<sup>2</sup> = 95.75 %), and combined PMS (SMD = 0.96; 95 % CI [0.79, 1.12], <em>p</em> < 0.001; I<sup>2</sup> = 80.28 %) compared to controls. Also, GFAP levels were significantly higher in PMS than in RRMS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings highlight the potential of blood NfL as a useful biomarker for tracking disease progression and distinguishing MS subtypes. However, additional studies are essential to confirm its effectiveness in clinical settings (Graphical abstract).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 112992"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examined the effects of combined exercise and nutrition interventions on physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults.
Materials and methods
A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 84 participants (68 women; mean age of 75.5 ± 6.3 years). Participants were assigned to either an exercise-only group or a combined exercise and nutrition group. The 3-month intervention included weekly 1-h exercise sessions (10 sessions total). Outcomes assessed were walking speed, limb skeletal muscle mass index, trunk muscle mass, grip strength, weight loss, fatigue, exercise habits, general cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment Japanese version, MoCA-J), and biochemical blood test data.
Results
Among the 84 participants, 77 (39 exercise-only, 38 exercise + nutrition group) were analyzed. Pre-post comparisons showed a main effect of physical frailty for both groups: 0.82 ± 0.79 pre-post and 0.51 ± 0.68 pre-intervention vs. post-intervention for the exercise group, and 0.82 ± 0.69 pre-post and 0.50 ± 0.60 post-post for the exercise+nutrition group. Walking speed was 1.27 ± 0.21 m/s pre and 1.29 ± 0.21 m/s post in the exercise group and 1.18 ± 0.19 m/s pre and 1.27 ± 0.19 m/s post in the exercise + nutrition group, showing a main effect and interaction effect. Other measures showed significant effects on limb skeletal muscle mass, trunk muscle mass, grip strength, and trunk muscle mass in both groups.
Conclusions
Exercise intervention, with or without nutritional supplementation, significantly reduced physical frailty in older adults. Combining exercise with soy protein intake may improve short-term motor function and physical frailty.
目的：本研究探讨了运动和营养相结合的干预措施对社区老年人身体虚弱的影响。材料与方法：随机对照试验84例（女性68例，平均年龄75.5 ± 6.3 岁）。参与者被分为单独运动组和运动加营养组。为期3个月的干预包括每周1小时的锻炼（共10次）。评估的结果包括步行速度、肢体骨骼肌质量指数、躯干肌肉质量、握力、体重减轻、疲劳、运动习惯、一般认知功能（蒙特利尔认知评估日本版，MoCA-J）和血液生化测试数据。结果：在84名参与者中，分析了77名（39名仅运动组，38名运动+营养组）。前后比较显示，两组的主要影响因素均为身体虚弱：运动组干预前与干预后分别为0.82 ± 0.79和0.51 ± 0.68，运动+营养组干预前与干预后分别为0.82 ± 0.69和0.50 ± 0.60。步行速度是1.27 ±0.21 m / s pre和1.29±0.21 m / s post 锻炼组和1.18±0.19 m / s pre和1.27±0.19 m / s运动+营养组,显示主效应和交互效应。其他测量结果显示，两组的肢体骨骼肌质量、躯干肌肉质量、握力和躯干肌肉质量均有显著影响。结论：运动干预，有或没有营养补充，显着减少老年人的身体虚弱。将运动与大豆蛋白的摄入结合起来可以改善短期的运动功能和身体虚弱。
{"title":"The effect of exercise and soy protein intake on physical frailty score improvement in community-dwelling elderly: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Masakazu Imaoka , Mitsumasa Hida , Misa Nakamura , Keiko Sakai , Emi Anzai , Takashi Ichise , Nobuhiko Tachibana , Ien Tei , Yoshinori Hasegawa","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study examined the effects of combined exercise and nutrition interventions on physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 84 participants (68 women; mean age of 75.5 ± 6.3 years). Participants were assigned to either an exercise-only group or a combined exercise and nutrition group. The 3-month intervention included weekly 1-h exercise sessions (10 sessions total). Outcomes assessed were walking speed, limb skeletal muscle mass index, trunk muscle mass, grip strength, weight loss, fatigue, exercise habits, general cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment Japanese version, MoCA-J), and biochemical blood test data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 84 participants, 77 (39 exercise-only, 38 exercise + nutrition group) were analyzed. Pre-post comparisons showed a main effect of physical frailty for both groups: 0.82 ± 0.79 pre-post and 0.51 ± 0.68 pre-intervention vs. post-intervention for the exercise group, and 0.82 ± 0.69 pre-post and 0.50 ± 0.60 post-post for the exercise+nutrition group. Walking speed was 1.27 ± 0.21 m/s pre and 1.29 ± 0.21 m/s post in the exercise group and 1.18 ± 0.19 m/s pre and 1.27 ± 0.19 m/s post in the exercise + nutrition group, showing a main effect and interaction effect. Other measures showed significant effects on limb skeletal muscle mass, trunk muscle mass, grip strength, and trunk muscle mass in both groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Exercise intervention, with or without nutritional supplementation, significantly reduced physical frailty in older adults. Combining exercise with soy protein intake may improve short-term motor function and physical frailty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 112995"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.113003
Yan Chen , Tianchong Huang , Jiayin Wang , Changsheng Guo , Jing Gao , Xiaodong Feng
Background
Insulin resistance (IR) and inflammation are two crucial risk factors of sarcopenia. C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index (CTI) has been proposed to be a novel biomarker reflecting IR and inflammation. However, association between CTI and sarcopenia risk remains unclear.
Aim
To explore the association between CTI and sarcopenia risk.
Methods
Data were obtained from Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001–2010 and China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011–2015. NHANES was used for cross-sectional analysis, and weighted logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore association between CTI and sarcopenia. CHARLS was used for longitudinal analysis, and the primary endpoint was the first occurrence of sarcopenia over follow-up. Logistic regression analysis and Cox proportional hazard analysis were conducted to explore the relationship between CTI and the risk of sarcopenia. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was performed to investigate the non-linear association between CTI and sarcopenia risk, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) were utilized to assess the predictive capability of CTI on the risk of sarcopenia.
Results
A total of 11,286 Americans and 1478 Chinese aged ≥60 years were included in this study. Logistic and Cox regression analysis revealed the cross-sectional (OR: 1.52, 95 %CI: 1.15–1.99, P = 0.004) and longitudinal (HR: 1.35, 95 %CI: 1.10–1.65, P = 0.004) correlation between CTI and sarcopenia risk after adjusting the covariates. For the two databases, non-linear association between CTI and sarcopenia risk was observed (P for non-linear <0.001). Additionally, compared to CRP and the TyG index, CTI exhibited the best predictive capability for sarcopenia risk, with the highest AUC (CHARLS: 0.730, NHANES: 0.722).
Conclusion
There exist both the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between CTI level and sarcopenia risk in older adults, and it is crucial to monitor CTI in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.
{"title":"Association between C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index and risk of sarcopenia in older adults: findings from CHARLS and NHANES","authors":"Yan Chen , Tianchong Huang , Jiayin Wang , Changsheng Guo , Jing Gao , Xiaodong Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Insulin resistance (IR) and inflammation are two crucial risk factors of sarcopenia. C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index (CTI) has been proposed to be a novel biomarker reflecting IR and inflammation. However, association between CTI and sarcopenia risk remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To explore the association between CTI and sarcopenia risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were obtained from Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001–2010 and China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011–2015. NHANES was used for cross-sectional analysis, and weighted logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore association between CTI and sarcopenia. CHARLS was used for longitudinal analysis, and the primary endpoint was the first occurrence of sarcopenia over follow-up. Logistic regression analysis and Cox proportional hazard analysis were conducted to explore the relationship between CTI and the risk of sarcopenia. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was performed to investigate the non-linear association between CTI and sarcopenia risk, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) were utilized to assess the predictive capability of CTI on the risk of sarcopenia.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 11,286 Americans and 1478 Chinese aged ≥60 years were included in this study. Logistic and Cox regression analysis revealed the cross-sectional (OR: 1.52, 95 %CI: 1.15–1.99, <em>P</em> = 0.004) and longitudinal (HR: 1.35, 95 %CI: 1.10–1.65, P = 0.004) correlation between CTI and sarcopenia risk after adjusting the covariates. For the two databases, non-linear association between CTI and sarcopenia risk was observed (P for non-linear <0.001). Additionally, compared to CRP and the TyG index, CTI exhibited the best predictive capability for sarcopenia risk, with the highest AUC (CHARLS: 0.730, NHANES: 0.722).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There exist both the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between CTI level and sarcopenia risk in older adults, and it is crucial to monitor CTI in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 113003"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112971
Madeline E. Shivgulam , Emily E. MacDonald , Jocelyn Waghorn , Chris Cartwright , Andrea Mayo , Derek S. Kimmerly , Kenneth Rockwood , Olga Theou , Myles W. O'Brien
The impact of habitual postures on frailty, and balance, mobility, and transfer ability, particularly among people in long-term care. We sought to characterize the time spent in detailed postures and the relationships they have with frailty and Hierarchical Assessment of Balance and Mobility (HABAM) among older adults living in long-term care. Forty-four moderate-to-severely frail long-term care residents were recruited (36 females; age: 83 ± 10 years; body mass index: 31.8 ± 7.6 kg/m2). Participants wore an activPAL on their torso, thigh, and shin for 3.6 ± 0.5 days. Frailty was determined via a 65-item index and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Functional abilities were measured using the HABAM. Linear regressions, adjusted for age and body mass index, demonstrated that higher frequency of sit-to-stand transitions (18 ± 23 transitions/day), standing time (52 ± 87 min/day) and step counts (442 ± 945 steps/day) were associated with lower frailty (frailty index: 0.438 ± 0.115) and higher HABAM scores (23.2 ± 16.3/67.0; all, p ≤ 0.034). Knee-bent sitting (142 ± 228 min/day) was associated with higher HABAM and lower frailty index scores (both, p ≤ 0.002). More non-upright time (1337 ± 133 min/day) and lying time (1138 ± 372 min/day) were associated with worse frailty index and HABAM scores (all, p ≤ 0.021). There were no associations between straight-legged sitting (56 ± 227 min/day) with frailty index or HABAM scores (both, p ≥ 0.219). Overall, participant posture was mostly characterized by a horizontal thigh (sitting or lying), with ∼1 h/day upright. Intervention models promoting upright time, sit-to-stand transitions, and knee-bent sitting rather than lying are warranted for frailty and HABAM management.
{"title":"Less habitual knee-bent sitting and more lying time are associated with worse frailty, mobility and balance in long-term care residents","authors":"Madeline E. Shivgulam , Emily E. MacDonald , Jocelyn Waghorn , Chris Cartwright , Andrea Mayo , Derek S. Kimmerly , Kenneth Rockwood , Olga Theou , Myles W. O'Brien","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of habitual postures on frailty, and balance, mobility, and transfer ability, particularly among people in long-term care. We sought to characterize the time spent in detailed postures and the relationships they have with frailty and Hierarchical Assessment of Balance and Mobility (HABAM) among older adults living in long-term care. Forty-four moderate-to-severely frail long-term care residents were recruited (36 females; age: 83 ± 10 years; body mass index: 31.8 ± 7.6 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). Participants wore an activPAL on their torso, thigh, and shin for 3.6 ± 0.5 days. Frailty was determined via a 65-item index and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Functional abilities were measured using the HABAM. Linear regressions, adjusted for age and body mass index, demonstrated that higher frequency of sit-to-stand transitions (18 ± 23 transitions/day), standing time (52 ± 87 min/day) and step counts (442 ± 945 steps/day) were associated with lower frailty (frailty index: 0.438 ± 0.115) and higher HABAM scores (23.2 ± 16.3/67.0; all, <em>p</em> ≤ 0.034). Knee-bent sitting (142 ± 228 min/day) was associated with higher HABAM and lower frailty index scores (both, <em>p</em> ≤ 0.002). More non-upright time (1337 ± 133 min/day) and lying time (1138 ± 372 min/day) were associated with worse frailty index and HABAM scores (all, <em>p</em> ≤ 0.021). There were no associations between straight-legged sitting (56 ± 227 min/day) with frailty index or HABAM scores (both, <em>p</em> ≥ 0.219). Overall, participant posture was mostly characterized by a horizontal thigh (sitting or lying), with ∼1 h/day upright. Intervention models promoting upright time, sit-to-stand transitions, and knee-bent sitting rather than lying are warranted for frailty and HABAM management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 112971"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145598414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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