Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.20998/2079-0821.2022.10
S. Poverennyi, I. Fyk, O. Varavina, M. Burova, O. Yatskevych
During the development of the deposit, as the gas is extracted, the reservoir pressure drops and water rise begins, that is, the reservoir is impregnated in reverse with bottom water .If the process of water displacing from the reservoir is well understood, then the process of water or hydrocarbon fluid absorbing by the reservoir is relatively poorly studied. The methodological basis for such studiesis also e laborated poorly. This is largely caused by the long duration of the necessary experiments, which in our case amounted to 6 months. In this work, a methodology of sample reverse impregnation with a hydrocarbon fluid was developed at a displacement pressured drop in order to simulate the processes occurring in the developed deposit. As a result of the work, on the basis of the semi-permeable membrane method used in the "drainage-impregnation" mode, the actual existence of the reverse impregnation of a sample by hydrocarbons at a displacement pressured drop is proved on rock collectors samples of the Belsky field productive horizon G-7-10, methodological issues related to the specifics of impregnation with specifically hydrocarbon fluid have been solved, main features of the process have been recognized and its main regularities have been determinate qualitatively. In order to reduce the duration of the study, it is recommended to substitute the semi-permeable membrane method with the centrifugation method at the stage of drainage. The parent theoretical ideas are given, the method of research and the used core material are described briefly, graphs illustrating the conduct of drainage and impregnation processes over time are given, the correlation of the current sample water saturation with the displacement pressure and pore characteristic of the sample, the inferences are enunciated briefly. The results of the carried out work will be used in the study of the processes of gas displacement by oil from oil rims, oil or gas displacement by water, oil and gas mixture displacement during the cycling process, etc.
{"title":"EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE REVERSE IMPREGNATION PROCESS WHEN THE PRESSURE DROPS IN THE DEPOSIT","authors":"S. Poverennyi, I. Fyk, O. Varavina, M. Burova, O. Yatskevych","doi":"10.20998/2079-0821.2022.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-0821.2022.10","url":null,"abstract":"During the development of the deposit, as the gas is extracted, the reservoir pressure drops and water rise begins, that is, the reservoir is impregnated in reverse with bottom water .If the process of water displacing from the reservoir is well understood, then the process of water or hydrocarbon fluid absorbing by the reservoir is relatively poorly studied. The methodological basis for such studiesis also e laborated poorly. This is largely caused by the long duration of the necessary experiments, which in our case amounted to 6 months. In this work, a methodology of sample reverse impregnation with a hydrocarbon fluid was developed at a displacement pressured drop in order to simulate the processes occurring in the developed deposit. As a result of the work, on the basis of the semi-permeable membrane method used in the \"drainage-impregnation\" mode, the actual existence of the reverse impregnation of a sample by hydrocarbons at a displacement pressured drop is proved on rock collectors samples of the Belsky field productive horizon G-7-10, methodological issues related to the specifics of impregnation with specifically hydrocarbon fluid have been solved, main features of the process have been recognized and its main regularities have been determinate qualitatively. In order to reduce the duration of the study, it is recommended to substitute the semi-permeable membrane method with the centrifugation method at the stage of drainage. The parent theoretical ideas are given, the method of research and the used core material are described briefly, graphs illustrating the conduct of drainage and impregnation processes over time are given, the correlation of the current sample water saturation with the displacement pressure and pore characteristic of the sample, the inferences are enunciated briefly. The results of the carried out work will be used in the study of the processes of gas displacement by oil from oil rims, oil or gas displacement by water, oil and gas mixture displacement during the cycling process, etc.","PeriodicalId":9407,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Chemistry, Chemical Technology and Ecology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85497371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.20998/2079-0821.2022.09
Yu. Laziebna, I. Zezekalo, V. Dmitrenko
The article considers the current problem of the hydrocarbon base of Ukraine. Materials that can serve as prerequisites for exploration and further development of gas from compacted reservoirs on the territory of the Dnieper-Donetsk graben are analyzed. In this article, the main parameters, that indicate the presence of gas in compacted reservoirs, are briefly considered. The data contain information about the features of the sedimentary section of the Paleozoic complex, namely, the geological structure of promising areas, the degree of catagenesis of gas-bearing rocks, the content of organic carbon in parent rocks, reservoir properties, and depths of gas-promising intervals. These data, taken from the results of drilling numerous wells, indicate a high probability of successful exploration for central basin gas within the axial zone of the Dnieper-Donetsk basin. As such deposits are difficult to extract, due to the complex geological structure of promising areas, a wide range of depths and, above all, poor reservoir properties of rocks containing gas, its development is impossible without the use of intensification methods. There are many chemical, thermal, mechanical technologies to cause the inflow of fluid from the reservoir, among which the hydraulic fracturing of the reservoir has become widespread. Modern methods of intensification are quite effective, but still remain imperfect, and therefore, there are some defects that cause certain complications in the development of the deposit. Тo cause the inflow of hydrocarbons from the compacted reservoirs, a foam gap of the formation is indicated, the use of which, in the opinion of the authors, is appropriate for deposits of this type. The article also points out the advantages of using a foam system compared to conventional fracturing and the need to improve some indicators of the foam system to its further use for compacted terrigenous reservoirs of the Dnieper-Donetsk avlakogen.
{"title":"PROSPECTS OF SEARCHES AND PROBLEMS OF GAS DEVELOPMENT OF SEALED COLLECTORS OF THE DNIPRO-DONETSK DEPRESSION","authors":"Yu. Laziebna, I. Zezekalo, V. Dmitrenko","doi":"10.20998/2079-0821.2022.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-0821.2022.09","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the current problem of the hydrocarbon base of Ukraine. Materials that can serve as prerequisites for exploration and further development of gas from compacted reservoirs on the territory of the Dnieper-Donetsk graben are analyzed. In this article, the main parameters, that indicate the presence of gas in compacted reservoirs, are briefly considered. The data contain information about the features of the sedimentary section of the Paleozoic complex, namely, the geological structure of promising areas, the degree of catagenesis of gas-bearing rocks, the content of organic carbon in parent rocks, reservoir properties, and depths of gas-promising intervals. These data, taken from the results of drilling numerous wells, indicate a high probability of successful exploration for central basin gas within the axial zone of the Dnieper-Donetsk basin. As such deposits are difficult to extract, due to the complex geological structure of promising areas, a wide range of depths and, above all, poor reservoir properties of rocks containing gas, its development is impossible without the use of intensification methods. There are many chemical, thermal, mechanical technologies to cause the inflow of fluid from the reservoir, among which the hydraulic fracturing of the reservoir has become widespread. Modern methods of intensification are quite effective, but still remain imperfect, and therefore, there are some defects that cause certain complications in the development of the deposit. Тo cause the inflow of hydrocarbons from the compacted reservoirs, a foam gap of the formation is indicated, the use of which, in the opinion of the authors, is appropriate for deposits of this type. The article also points out the advantages of using a foam system compared to conventional fracturing and the need to improve some indicators of the foam system to its further use for compacted terrigenous reservoirs of the Dnieper-Donetsk avlakogen.","PeriodicalId":9407,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Chemistry, Chemical Technology and Ecology","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83547378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.20998/2079-0821.2022.03
Nabil Abdel Sater, A. Grigorov
CRUDE OIL The article considers the possibility of changing the set of quality indicators that are currently used to determine the degree of readiness of crude oil (oil or gas condensate for the integrated relative dielectric constant) (ε), which characterizes the electrical properties of crude oil and refined products. Сontrol over the operation of crude oil treatment plants, which are of key importance in the chain of technological operations aimed at obtaining marketable petroleum products. It has been experimentally established that the increase in the value of (ε) is significantly influenced by the presence of formation water in the crude oil, with dissolved chloride salts and semiconductor mechanical impurities, represented by Fe2O3 particles - corrosion products of process equipment. Conversely, the presence of dielectric mechanical impurities in the crude oil (SiO2) reduces the value of the indicator (ε). This, in turn, must be taken into account when establishing the total impact of pollutants on the indicator (ε) of crude oil. The implementation of the proposed approach is based on the use of two-section capacitive sensors, which are installed on the pipeline with the main material flow of the installation - desalinated and dehydrated crude oil, using outlets and couplings. Based on laboratory studies using model media, a multiple linear regression equation was obtained, which, depending on the content of mineralized water and mechanical impurities (semiconductor and dielectric nature) in oil or gas condensate, calculates the value (ε) with the average slope at the level of 1.39% and 2.06%, respectively.
{"title":"DIELECTROMETRIC CONTROL OF THE DEGREE OF PREPAREDNESS CRUDE OIL","authors":"Nabil Abdel Sater, A. Grigorov","doi":"10.20998/2079-0821.2022.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-0821.2022.03","url":null,"abstract":"CRUDE OIL \u0000The article considers the possibility of changing the set of quality indicators that are currently used to determine the degree of readiness of crude oil (oil or gas condensate for the integrated relative dielectric constant) (ε), which characterizes the electrical properties of crude oil and refined products. Сontrol over the operation of crude oil treatment plants, which are of key importance in the chain of technological operations aimed at obtaining marketable petroleum products. \u0000It has been experimentally established that the increase in the value of (ε) is significantly influenced by the presence of formation water in the crude oil, with dissolved chloride salts and semiconductor mechanical impurities, represented by Fe2O3 particles - corrosion products of process equipment. Conversely, the presence of dielectric mechanical impurities in the crude oil (SiO2) reduces the value of the indicator (ε). This, in turn, must be taken into account when establishing the total impact of pollutants on the indicator (ε) of crude oil. \u0000The implementation of the proposed approach is based on the use of two-section capacitive sensors, which are installed on the pipeline with the main material flow of the installation - desalinated and dehydrated crude oil, using outlets and couplings. \u0000Based on laboratory studies using model media, a multiple linear regression equation was obtained, which, depending on the content of mineralized water and mechanical impurities (semiconductor and dielectric nature) in oil or gas condensate, calculates the value (ε) with the average slope at the level of 1.39% and 2.06%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":9407,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Chemistry, Chemical Technology and Ecology","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80694686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.20998/2079-0821.2022.02
N. Malafayev, O. Gaponova, T. Shkolnikova
The problems of calculations and the nature of intermolecular interactions forces in liquids, as their activation energies, in a wide range of temperatures of the existence of the liquid phase are considered by example of pure water. The main methodological problem in standard calculations of the activation energy is the lack of conservation of the number of molecules in the system where temperature and pressure changes. The problem is solved by writing down the Arrhenius correlation and calculating the activation energy through the kinematic viscosity, for which the number of molecules in the system is conserved. When calculating the activation energy for the diffusion process, an alternative calculation method is proposed. It’s based on the viscosity of a given liquid, which is determined much more accurately than diffusion. The calculations of the activation energies in pure water are carried out on the saturation line for the processes of flow and diffusion in the region of existence of its liquid phase, from the melting point till the critical temperature. Approximating formulas containing power and exponential contributions are obtained for them. Good correlation of the approximations with the calculations for temperatures from 0 ° С to 230 ° С is observed. It is shown that the difference between the activation energies of the processes is due to the differences in their physical mechanisms. The activation energy for the diffusion process is larger and decreases more slowly with heating than for the flow process, since all the bonds of molecules for diffusion are three-dimensional and isotropic in space. The flow process is caused by external forces that stimulate the rupture of intermolecular bonds between the layers of the fluid flow, and these interactions become quasi-two-dimensional. As a result, the activation energy for the diffusion process decreases to the critical temperature more slowly, like a root of the second degree, while for a flow it decreases linearly. For both activation energies, exponential contributions are observed near the melting point (0 ... 90 ° C). They are caused by the destruction of the remains of the crystal structure of ice in water in the form of water clusters. In the liquid phase of water, stronger and more stable in time intermolecular bonds of molecules, observed in closed hexagonal rings of water structure, which exponentially decay with increasing temperature, are retained for them.
{"title":"COMPARISON OF TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCES OF ACTIVATION ENERGIES FOR FLOW AND DIFFUSION IN PURE WATER","authors":"N. Malafayev, O. Gaponova, T. Shkolnikova","doi":"10.20998/2079-0821.2022.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-0821.2022.02","url":null,"abstract":"The problems of calculations and the nature of intermolecular interactions forces in liquids, as their activation energies, in a wide range of temperatures of the existence of the liquid phase are considered by example of pure water. The main methodological problem in standard calculations of the activation energy is the lack of conservation of the number of molecules in the system where temperature and pressure changes. The problem is solved by writing down the Arrhenius correlation and calculating the activation energy through the kinematic viscosity, for which the number of molecules in the system is conserved. When calculating the activation energy for the diffusion process, an alternative calculation method is proposed. It’s based on the viscosity of a given liquid, which is determined much more accurately than diffusion. The calculations of the activation energies in pure water are carried out on the saturation line for the processes of flow and diffusion in the region of existence of its liquid phase, from the melting point till the critical temperature. Approximating formulas containing power and exponential contributions are obtained for them. Good correlation of the approximations with the calculations for temperatures from 0 ° С to 230 ° С is observed. It is shown that the difference between the activation energies of the processes is due to the differences in their physical mechanisms. The activation energy for the diffusion process is larger and decreases more slowly with heating than for the flow process, since all the bonds of molecules for diffusion are three-dimensional and isotropic in space. The flow process is caused by external forces that stimulate the rupture of intermolecular bonds between the layers of the fluid flow, and these interactions become quasi-two-dimensional. As a result, the activation energy for the diffusion process decreases to the critical temperature more slowly, like a root of the second degree, while for a flow it decreases linearly. For both activation energies, exponential contributions are observed near the melting point (0 ... 90 ° C). They are caused by the destruction of the remains of the crystal structure of ice in water in the form of water clusters. In the liquid phase of water, stronger and more stable in time intermolecular bonds of molecules, observed in closed hexagonal rings of water structure, which exponentially decay with increasing temperature, are retained for them.","PeriodicalId":9407,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Chemistry, Chemical Technology and Ecology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86890798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.20998/2079-0821.2022.08
Y. Pyrozhenko, V. Sebko, V. Zdorenko, V. A. Babenko, N. Zabiiaka
A non-contact three-parameter electromagnetic method for measuring magnetic susceptibility κ, electrical conductivity χ, and temperature t of a ferrofluid sample is proposed. Theoretical principles of the operation of the inductive parametric electromagnetic transducer (IPET) with a sample of ferro-fluid are considered. As a result of studies of the universal functions of transformation of the IPET with a sample of the ferro-fluid, the theoretical provisions of the work of the IPET were further developed, which are related to the possibility of estimating the static parameters of the magnetic fluid. Because record of the effect of eddy currents leads to the need to determine three parameters of magnetic fluids with only one IPET, the necessity of using an inductive IPET switching circuit with a ferro-fluid sample, which provides for compensation of interfering external inductance L1 using a compensating capacitance P567 to improve the accuracy of measurements of the physical and chemical parameters of magnetic fluids, has been proved. The operation of the circuit is based on the fact that the eddy EMF excites a magnetic flux in the sample of the magnetic fluid under study, which is added geometrically with the excited magnetic flux from an external source, creating the resulting magnetic flux Ф2t in the sample of the magnetic fluid under study, while the resulting magnetic flux decreases in magnitude and shifts by the phase angle in relation to the excited magnetic flux, all this leads to a change in the components of the signals of the IPET, that is: inductance Lit and resistance Ω2t, which are associated with the physicochemical parameters κ, χ and t of the magnetic fluid sample. In further studies, in order to increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment of a mini-brewery, it is recommended to use a magnetic fluid in complex cleaning methods that involve the use of magnetic fluids in filters for post-treatment of wastewater from food production of acidic and alkaline composition.
{"title":"DETERMINATION OF THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A MAGNETIC LIQUID IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE METHOD BASED ON AN ELECTROMAGNETIC CONVERTER","authors":"Y. Pyrozhenko, V. Sebko, V. Zdorenko, V. A. Babenko, N. Zabiiaka","doi":"10.20998/2079-0821.2022.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-0821.2022.08","url":null,"abstract":"A non-contact three-parameter electromagnetic method for measuring magnetic susceptibility κ, electrical conductivity χ, and temperature t of a ferrofluid sample is proposed. Theoretical principles of the operation of the inductive parametric electromagnetic transducer (IPET) with a sample of ferro-fluid are considered. As a result of studies of the universal functions of transformation of the IPET with a sample of the ferro-fluid, the theoretical provisions of the work of the IPET were further developed, which are related to the possibility of estimating the static parameters of the magnetic fluid. Because record of the effect of eddy currents leads to the need to determine three parameters of magnetic fluids with only one IPET, the necessity of using an inductive IPET switching circuit with a ferro-fluid sample, which provides for compensation of interfering external inductance L1 using a compensating capacitance P567 to improve the accuracy of measurements of the physical and chemical parameters of magnetic fluids, has been proved. The operation of the circuit is based on the fact that the eddy EMF excites a magnetic flux in the sample of the magnetic fluid under study, which is added geometrically with the excited magnetic flux from an external source, creating the resulting magnetic flux Ф2t in the sample of the magnetic fluid under study, while the resulting magnetic flux decreases in magnitude and shifts by the phase angle in relation to the excited magnetic flux, all this leads to a change in the components of the signals of the IPET, that is: inductance Lit and resistance Ω2t, which are associated with the physicochemical parameters κ, χ and t of the magnetic fluid sample.\u0000In further studies, in order to increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment of a mini-brewery, it is recommended to use a magnetic fluid in complex cleaning methods that involve the use of magnetic fluids in filters for post-treatment of wastewater from food production of acidic and alkaline composition.","PeriodicalId":9407,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Chemistry, Chemical Technology and Ecology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85380973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.20998/2079-0821.2022.01
Y. Krasnopolsky, D. Pylypenko, G. Grigoryeva
The use of liposomal nanoparticles as a drug delivery system today is a promising area of modern nanopharmacology, in particular in the development of antitumor drugs. Liposomal forms of antitumor active pharmaceutical ingredients are characterized by reduced toxicity, stability, and increased antitumor activity of nanoparticle-encapsulated antitumor agent, prolonged action of the drug. Commercially available liposomal anticancer drugs are passively targeted drugs that accumulate in cells by passive diffusion in tumor cells due to the EPR effect of the vascular system. This review presents data from the study of antitumor activity of liposomal drugs conducted by Ukrainian scientists in recent decades. Today, the antitumor activity of liposomal forms of therapeutic agents of various natures has been proven, among them are anthracycline antibiotics, platinum drugs, semisynthetic alkaloid derivatives, natural polyphenolic antioxidants, etc. Thus, the encapsulation of doxorubicin hydrochloride in liposomes has reduced its cardiotoxicity and other side effects, provided an opportunity to treat doxorubicin-resistant tumors. Liposomal forms of complex platinum compounds, in particular cisplatin, have been shown to be more effective than free forms of cytostatics in the treatment of cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer. The use of polyphenolic antioxidants, quercetin and curcumin, in complex therapy can not only enhance the antitumor effect, but also have a protective effect on healthy tissues and organs.
{"title":"NANOMEDICINE IN ANTICANCER THERAPY","authors":"Y. Krasnopolsky, D. Pylypenko, G. Grigoryeva","doi":"10.20998/2079-0821.2022.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-0821.2022.01","url":null,"abstract":"The use of liposomal nanoparticles as a drug delivery system today is a promising area of modern nanopharmacology, in particular in the development of antitumor drugs. Liposomal forms of antitumor active pharmaceutical ingredients are characterized by reduced toxicity, stability, and increased antitumor activity of nanoparticle-encapsulated antitumor agent, prolonged action of the drug. Commercially available liposomal anticancer drugs are passively targeted drugs that accumulate in cells by passive diffusion in tumor cells due to the EPR effect of the vascular system. This review presents data from the study of antitumor activity of liposomal drugs conducted by Ukrainian scientists in recent decades. Today, the antitumor activity of liposomal forms of therapeutic agents of various natures has been proven, among them are anthracycline antibiotics, platinum drugs, semisynthetic alkaloid derivatives, natural polyphenolic antioxidants, etc. Thus, the encapsulation of doxorubicin hydrochloride in liposomes has reduced its cardiotoxicity and other side effects, provided an opportunity to treat doxorubicin-resistant tumors. Liposomal forms of complex platinum compounds, in particular cisplatin, have been shown to be more effective than free forms of cytostatics in the treatment of cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer. The use of polyphenolic antioxidants, quercetin and curcumin, in complex therapy can not only enhance the antitumor effect, but also have a protective effect on healthy tissues and organs.","PeriodicalId":9407,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Chemistry, Chemical Technology and Ecology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85359730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.20998/2079-0821.2022.06
A. Trotsenko, A. Grigorov
The article considers the possibility of expanding the range of chemicals that exhibit their high anti-corrosion properties in hydrocarbons and can be used as additives to motor fuels through the use of 1,3-diphenyltriazene. This substance belongs to the class of diazocompounds and its anticorrosive properties are determined by the adsorption capacity in contact with the metal surface, due to the presence in the molecule of nitrogen-containing active groups that form a donor-acceptor (coordination) bond with the metal surface. Studies of anticorrosive properties were performed on metal plates (copper and steel, grade 3), located in the model environment, which consisted of straight-run diesel fraction (240-350 ° C) obtained from gas condensate with the addition of 1% of the mass. 1,3-diphenyltriazene in which was injected 0.1% of the mass. a solution of 97% acetic acid or 0.5% of the mass. aqueous solution of 10% NaCl. The anticorrosive properties of the specified model environment were studied both in static (soft) conditions at 20 ° C, periodic stirring at a speed of 100 rpm. for 90 days, and in dynamic (hard) conditions at 50 ° C, continuous stirring at a speed of 500 rpm, aeration 1.5 dm3 / min for 120 hours. It was found that in those samples where there was 1% of the mass. 1,3-diphenyltriazene on the surface of metal plates formed a protective film, as evidenced by the change in color of the metal plate, and the absence of signs of corrosion on the surface, as well as a slight increase in its mass (within 0.0002 ÷ 0.0003 g). In samples where there was no 1,3-diphenyltriazene corrosion rate (Km), for mild study conditions was 0.94 × 10-4 ÷ 5.16 × 10-4 g / (m2 × h), for harsh study conditions - 0.56 × 10-2 ÷ 1.07 × 10-2 g / (m2 × year). The approach proposed by the authors, which takes into account the complex action of several factors (temperature, mixing, aeration and the presence of corrosive agents), allows to adequately, close to the conditions that may arise during the actual operation of facilities, to assess the effectiveness of one or another chemical to protect against corrosion of metal surfaces.
本文考虑了通过使用1,3-二苯三氮烯来扩大在碳氢化合物中表现出高防腐性能并可作为汽车燃料添加剂的化学品范围的可能性。该物质属于重氮化合物，其防腐性能取决于与金属表面接触时的吸附能力，因为分子中存在含氮活性基团，与金属表面形成供体-受体(配位)键。研究人员在模型环境中对金属板(铜和钢，3级)进行了防腐性能研究，该模型环境由直馏柴油馏分(240-350°C)组成，该馏分由气体凝析液中添加1%的质量获得。1,3-二苯三氮，其中注射0.1%的质量。97%醋酸或0.5%质量的溶液。10% NaCl水溶液。在20°C的静态(软)条件下，以100 rpm的速度周期性搅拌，研究了指定模型环境的防腐性能。在50°C的动态(硬)条件下，以500转/分的速度连续搅拌，曝气1.5 dm3 / min，搅拌120小时。我们发现在这些样品中有1%的质量。1, 3-diphenyltriazene金属板表面形成保护膜,就是明证金属板的颜色的变化,以及缺乏表面腐蚀的迹象,以及轻微的增加它的质量(在0.0002÷0.0003克)。在样品没有1,3-diphenyltriazene腐蚀速率(公里),轻微的研究条件为0.94 4×打败÷4×打败5.16 g / (m2×h)的研究条件÷10 - 0.56×1.07×10 - 2 g / (m2×年)。作者提出的方法考虑了几个因素(温度、混合、通风和腐蚀剂的存在)的复杂作用，允许充分地、接近设施实际操作过程中可能出现的条件，以评估一种或另一种化学品防止金属表面腐蚀的有效性。
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF ANTI-CORROSION PROPERTIES OF DIESEL FRACTION, CONTAINING 1,3-DIPHENYLTRIAZENE","authors":"A. Trotsenko, A. Grigorov","doi":"10.20998/2079-0821.2022.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-0821.2022.06","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the possibility of expanding the range of chemicals that exhibit their high anti-corrosion properties in hydrocarbons and can be used as additives to motor fuels through the use of 1,3-diphenyltriazene. This substance belongs to the class of diazocompounds and its anticorrosive properties are determined by the adsorption capacity in contact with the metal surface, due to the presence in the molecule of nitrogen-containing active groups that form a donor-acceptor (coordination) bond with the metal surface. \u0000Studies of anticorrosive properties were performed on metal plates (copper and steel, grade 3), located in the model environment, which consisted of straight-run diesel fraction (240-350 ° C) obtained from gas condensate with the addition of 1% of the mass. 1,3-diphenyltriazene in which was injected 0.1% of the mass. a solution of 97% acetic acid or 0.5% of the mass. aqueous solution of 10% NaCl. The anticorrosive properties of the specified model environment were studied both in static (soft) conditions at 20 ° C, periodic stirring at a speed of 100 rpm. for 90 days, and in dynamic (hard) conditions at 50 ° C, continuous stirring at a speed of 500 rpm, aeration 1.5 dm3 / min for 120 hours. \u0000It was found that in those samples where there was 1% of the mass. 1,3-diphenyltriazene on the surface of metal plates formed a protective film, as evidenced by the change in color of the metal plate, and the absence of signs of corrosion on the surface, as well as a slight increase in its mass (within 0.0002 ÷ 0.0003 g). In samples where there was no 1,3-diphenyltriazene corrosion rate (Km), for mild study conditions was 0.94 × 10-4 ÷ 5.16 × 10-4 g / (m2 × h), for harsh study conditions - 0.56 × 10-2 ÷ 1.07 × 10-2 g / (m2 × year). \u0000The approach proposed by the authors, which takes into account the complex action of several factors (temperature, mixing, aeration and the presence of corrosive agents), allows to adequately, close to the conditions that may arise during the actual operation of facilities, to assess the effectiveness of one or another chemical to protect against corrosion of metal surfaces.","PeriodicalId":9407,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Chemistry, Chemical Technology and Ecology","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87593760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.20998/2079-0821.2022.04
K. Rudneva
The object of the study is to determine the interaction of copper and lead ions in aqueous weakly acidic solutions. According to the analysis of modern scientific works, recently not enough attention is paid to the study of sorption properties of humates after regeneration, so for further use of humic acids as sorbents, including regenerated, it is important to obtain data on stoichiometric interaction of humic acids with various metals. In this work, humic acids were isolated from commercial potassium humate produced in China. Model solutions of copper (II) sulfate and lead (II) acetate were used in the research. The exact content of copper and lead for the final solutions prepared from model with subsequent regeneration of humate-metal complexes was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Regeneration was carried out by reducing the acidity by adding 1 n nitric acid. The spectra were recorded by FTIR spectroscopy in the middle region. Interpretation of the spectra of the starting humic acids, potassium humates, as well as copper and lead humates was carried out by adjusting the literature data. Studies of the structure of humic acids and humates of metals and by this method have shown the active involvement of carboxyl groups in the formation of humate-metal bonds. Humic acids after regeneration (reduction) contain carboxyl groups in the dimerized state, in contrast to freshly prepared humic acids. In lead humates, the above general nature of changes in the spectral pattern from humic acids to lead humates is repeated for copper humates, which can be explained in the general theory of FTIR spectroscopy by increasing the reduced mass of a group of atoms involved in oscillations due to significantly higher atomic mass of pigs. compared to copper. It was also found that sorption occurs as a result of stoichiometric reaction, due to which chelate complexes of copper and lead are formed by interaction with oxygen atoms in the carboxyl groups of humate molecules.
{"title":"DETERMINATION OF THE MECHANISM OF INTERACTION OF Cu2 +, Pb2 + METHOD OF FTIR SPECTROSCOPY IN THE MIDDLE REGION","authors":"K. Rudneva","doi":"10.20998/2079-0821.2022.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-0821.2022.04","url":null,"abstract":"The object of the study is to determine the interaction of copper and lead ions in aqueous weakly acidic solutions. According to the analysis of modern scientific works, recently not enough attention is paid to the study of sorption properties of humates after regeneration, so for further use of humic acids as sorbents, including regenerated, it is important to obtain data on stoichiometric interaction of humic acids with various metals. In this work, humic acids were isolated from commercial potassium humate produced in China. Model solutions of copper (II) sulfate and lead (II) acetate were used in the research. The exact content of copper and lead for the final solutions prepared from model with subsequent regeneration of humate-metal complexes was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Regeneration was carried out by reducing the acidity by adding 1 n nitric acid. The spectra were recorded by FTIR spectroscopy in the middle region. Interpretation of the spectra of the starting humic acids, potassium humates, as well as copper and lead humates was carried out by adjusting the literature data. \u0000Studies of the structure of humic acids and humates of metals and by this method have shown the active involvement of carboxyl groups in the formation of humate-metal bonds. Humic acids after regeneration (reduction) contain carboxyl groups in the dimerized state, in contrast to freshly prepared humic acids. In lead humates, the above general nature of changes in the spectral pattern from humic acids to lead humates is repeated for copper humates, which can be explained in the general theory of FTIR spectroscopy by increasing the reduced mass of a group of atoms involved in oscillations due to significantly higher atomic mass of pigs. compared to copper. \u0000It was also found that sorption occurs as a result of stoichiometric reaction, due to which chelate complexes of copper and lead are formed by interaction with oxygen atoms in the carboxyl groups of humate molecules.","PeriodicalId":9407,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Chemistry, Chemical Technology and Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79781481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-25DOI: 10.20998/2079-0821.2022.02.01
V. Bulavin, I. V’unik, A. Kramarenko, A. Rusinov
The thermodynamic quantities of the dissociation stages of contact ion pairs (CIP) and solvent-separated ion pairs (SSIP) into ions, conversion of CIP into SSIP of the ionization process of HCl in n-alcohols from methyl to n-octyl at 278.15 – 328.15 K, i.e. in non-aqueous solvents that are most frequently used in chemical research and in chemical technology have been calculated. The proton and chloride ion forming HCl are modeled in a comparative study of the solvation process and the molecular mechanism of acid ionization in various solvents, which emphasizes the relevance of this study, in which the influence of the nature of the solvent, hydrogen chloride ions and temperature on the above thermodynamic quantities are considered. The calculation of the dissociation constants of CIP was carried out according to Ebeling’s equation, which takes into account the short-range repulsive forces between the ions in the ion pair and the dispersion interactions between the solvent molecules. The dissociation constants and thermodynamic quantities of SSIPs have been calculated by the Schwartz method, which evaluates the physical and chemical parameters of the solvent (besides the dielectric permittivity also the free volume of the solvent molecules, isothermal compressibility, etc.) that significantly affect the properties of ion pairs. The main conclusions drawn from our analysis of the array of thermodynamic data on the ionization stages of HCl in n-alcohols from methyl to n-octyl: (a) in methanol the predominant among the ion pairs are SSIPs, in ethanol the concentration of CIPs and SSIPs is approximately the same, and in other alcohols, the CIPs predominate; b) the concentration of CIPs increases with increasing alkyl radical of the alcohol when passing from methanol to n-octanol respectively from 30% to 95%; c) ratio of enthalpic (ΔconvH°) and entropic (–TΔconvS°) factors in methanol and ethanol ensures spontaneous conversion of CIP to SSIP; d) in alcohols from n-propyl to n-octyl values and sign ΔG° for the stages of dissociation of CIP and SSIP into ions and conversion of CIP to SSIP are determined by the entropic term (–ТΔS°), which leads to deconversion of ion pairs, i.e., the conversion of SSIPs into CIPs.
{"title":"THERMODYNAMICS OF ION PAIR CONVERSION IN ALCOHOL SOLUTIONS OF HYDROGEN CHLORIDE","authors":"V. Bulavin, I. V’unik, A. Kramarenko, A. Rusinov","doi":"10.20998/2079-0821.2022.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-0821.2022.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"The thermodynamic quantities of the dissociation stages of contact ion pairs (CIP) and solvent-separated ion pairs (SSIP) into ions, conversion of CIP into SSIP of the ionization process of HCl in n-alcohols from methyl to n-octyl at 278.15 – 328.15 K, i.e. in non-aqueous solvents that are most frequently used in chemical research and in chemical technology have been calculated. The proton and chloride ion forming HCl are modeled in a comparative study of the solvation process and the molecular mechanism of acid ionization in various solvents, which emphasizes the relevance of this study, in which the influence of the nature of the solvent, hydrogen chloride ions and temperature on the above thermodynamic quantities are considered. The calculation of the dissociation constants of CIP was carried out according to Ebeling’s equation, which takes into account the short-range repulsive forces between the ions in the ion pair and the dispersion interactions between the solvent molecules. The dissociation constants and thermodynamic quantities of SSIPs have been calculated by the Schwartz method, which evaluates the physical and chemical parameters of the solvent (besides the dielectric permittivity also the free volume of the solvent molecules, isothermal compressibility, etc.) that significantly affect the properties of ion pairs. The main conclusions drawn from our analysis of the array of thermodynamic data on the ionization stages of HCl in n-alcohols from methyl to n-octyl: (a) in methanol the predominant among the ion pairs are SSIPs, in ethanol the concentration of CIPs and SSIPs is approximately the same, and in other alcohols, the CIPs predominate; b) the concentration of CIPs increases with increasing alkyl radical of the alcohol when passing from methanol to n-octanol respectively from 30% to 95%; c) ratio of enthalpic (ΔconvH°) and entropic (–TΔconvS°) factors in methanol and ethanol ensures spontaneous conversion of CIP to SSIP; d) in alcohols from n-propyl to n-octyl values and sign ΔG° for the stages of dissociation of CIP and SSIP into ions and conversion of CIP to SSIP are determined by the entropic term (–ТΔS°), which leads to deconversion of ion pairs, i.e., the conversion of SSIPs into CIPs.","PeriodicalId":9407,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Chemistry, Chemical Technology and Ecology","volume":"191 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85124760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-25DOI: 10.20998/2079-0821.2022.02.07
M. Sakhnenko, I. Yermolenko, A. Korohodska, H. Karakurkchi, N. Gorohivska
The article presents and analyzes the results of the study of the influence of a constant magnetic field on the electrodeposition processes of the ferrum family metals and their alloys. The studies performed indicate the effect of accelerating deposition, improving the surface morphology and hardness of the obtained coatings. Composite coatings applied under the influence of a constant magnetic field can have higher corrosion resistance, improved photocatalytic and magnetic properties than those obtained without it. It has been established that the presence of a constant magnetic field changes the chemical composition of the studied material. There is an increase in the ferromagnetic and a decrease in the diamagnetic component. To assess the magnetic properties, samples of Fe-Co-W and Fe-Co-Mo coatings deposited by unipolar pulsed current at different electrolysis durations were selected, which is due to the difference in the thickness and distribution of the components. The results obtained suggest that in the nonequilibrium process of electrodeposition in three-component alloys, clusters with a short-range order characteristic of a number of intermetallic nonmagnetic compounds are formed, which leads to a decrease in the saturation magnetization of the alloy. The Fe-Co-W coatings are characterized by higher values of the coercive force compared to amorphous alloys, in which the elements P, B, Si act as a non-magnetic component. Probably, for the Fe-Co-W alloy, large clusters with a compositional order similar to the arrangement of atoms in the paramagnetic intermetallic phase with tungsten, along with surface roughness and free volume, play a significant role in magnetization reversal. The results obtained make it possible to classify the obtained Fe-Co-W galvanic alloys as magnetically hard, and Fe-Co-Mo as magnetically soft materials, which, in combination with high microhardness, opens up prospects for the use of such systems in the production of magnetic elements for recording and reproducing information and microelectromechanical systems respectively. With properly designed field structures, new magnetic nanostructures and a new level of control over industrial catalytic and electroplating processes can be created.
{"title":"FORMATION OF COMPOSITE COATINGS WITH MAGNETIC PROPERTIES IN AN ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD","authors":"M. Sakhnenko, I. Yermolenko, A. Korohodska, H. Karakurkchi, N. Gorohivska","doi":"10.20998/2079-0821.2022.02.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-0821.2022.02.07","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents and analyzes the results of the study of the influence of a constant magnetic field on the electrodeposition processes of the ferrum family metals and their alloys. The studies performed indicate the effect of accelerating deposition, improving the surface morphology and hardness of the obtained coatings. Composite coatings applied under the influence of a constant magnetic field can have higher corrosion resistance, improved photocatalytic and magnetic properties than those obtained without it. It has been established that the presence of a constant magnetic field changes the chemical composition of the studied material. There is an increase in the ferromagnetic and a decrease in the diamagnetic component. To assess the magnetic properties, samples of Fe-Co-W and Fe-Co-Mo coatings deposited by unipolar pulsed current at different electrolysis durations were selected, which is due to the difference in the thickness and distribution of the components. The results obtained suggest that in the nonequilibrium process of electrodeposition in three-component alloys, clusters with a short-range order characteristic of a number of intermetallic nonmagnetic compounds are formed, which leads to a decrease in the saturation magnetization of the alloy. The Fe-Co-W coatings are characterized by higher values of the coercive force compared to amorphous alloys, in which the elements P, B, Si act as a non-magnetic component. Probably, for the Fe-Co-W alloy, large clusters with a compositional order similar to the arrangement of atoms in the paramagnetic intermetallic phase with tungsten, along with surface roughness and free volume, play a significant role in magnetization reversal. The results obtained make it possible to classify the obtained Fe-Co-W galvanic alloys as magnetically hard, and Fe-Co-Mo as magnetically soft materials, which, in combination with high microhardness, opens up prospects for the use of such systems in the production of magnetic elements for recording and reproducing information and microelectromechanical systems respectively. With properly designed field structures, new magnetic nanostructures and a new level of control over industrial catalytic and electroplating processes can be created.","PeriodicalId":9407,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Chemistry, Chemical Technology and Ecology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75614223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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