Carbohydrate Research最新文献_第4页

Biopolymer electrolytes and composites based on chitosan for electrochemical processes: developing technologies, device integration, and ion transport mechanisms 电化学过程中基于壳聚糖的生物聚合物电解质和复合材料：开发技术、器件集成和离子传输机制

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109778

Mesut Yılmazoğlu , Tarek Kouka , İlkay Güzel , Ozan Coban , Hikmet Okkay , Noureddine El Messaoudi , Mouslim Messali

Chitosan, a biopolymer with multifunctionality that occurs naturally from chitin, was found to be an efficacious high-potential platform for building green polymer electrolytes and electrochemical device composite materials. Its inherent properties like dense functional groups, biocompatibility, film-forming nature, and ease of chemical modification, favorably position it as a reliable substitute for conventional synthetic polymers. This review encompasses chitosan-based biopolymer electrolytes and composites, the mechanism of ionic conductance, structural tuning, and their incorporation into high-performance electrochemical devices. The review places particular importance on recent strategies pursued for enhancing ionic conductivity, mechanical stability, and electrochemical performance by chemical functionalization, blending, and nanomaterial inclusion. Particular focus is placed on ion dynamic awareness, proton and cation conducting channels, and polymer–filler interaction for charge transportation optimization. Application domains of fuel cell, battery, supercapacitor, and bioelectronic devices are comprehensively discussed with focus placed on both the achievements and ongoing challenges of chitosan systems. Finally, the review challenges issues of durability, scalability, and sustainability and outlines directions for future material engineering and technology integration. Bridging the gap between fundamental knowledge and real-world applications, this review article serves to illustrate the potential of chitosan-based electrolytes and composites to propel next-generation green and high-performance electrochemical technologies.

壳聚糖是由几丁质天然产生的具有多种功能的生物聚合物，是构建绿色聚合物电解质和电化学器件复合材料的有效高电位平台。其固有的特性，如密集的官能团、生物相容性、成膜性和易于化学修饰，使其成为传统合成聚合物的可靠替代品。本文综述了壳聚糖基生物聚合物电解质和复合材料、离子电导机制、结构调整及其在高性能电化学器件中的应用。该综述特别强调了通过化学功能化、共混和纳米材料包合来提高离子电导率、机械稳定性和电化学性能的最新策略。特别重点放在离子动态感知，质子和阳离子传导通道，以及聚合物-填料相互作用的电荷传输优化。全面讨论了壳聚糖在燃料电池、电池、超级电容器和生物电子器件等领域的应用，重点介绍了壳聚糖体系的研究成果和面临的挑战。最后，回顾了耐久性、可扩展性和可持续性的挑战问题，并概述了未来材料工程和技术集成的方向。本文旨在弥合基础知识与实际应用之间的差距，阐述壳聚糖基电解质和复合材料在推动下一代绿色高性能电化学技术方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of double-modified taro starch for the encapsulation and protection of bioactive compounds in Hibiscus Sabdariffa extract 双改性芋头淀粉对芙蓉提取物中生物活性物质包封和保护作用的评价。

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109768

Arely Bautista Rodríguez , Apolonio Vargas-Torres , Sylvia Rosales Chimal , Ricardo O. Navarro Cortez , Beatriz del Carmen Coutiño Laguna , Heidi M. Palma-Rodríguez

Taro starch was modified by ultrasound, enzymes, and a combination of both to evaluate structural changes and its performance as a wall material for encapsulation of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract. The double-modified starch (DMS) exhibited the lowest amylose content (6.7 %) and particle size (2.5 μm), in comparison with the native taro starch, which had 9.3 % and 3.3 μm, respectively. Pasting properties showed a 42 % decrease in peak viscosity of DMS relative to native starch, improving the efficiency of spray-drying. Stability studies showed that dual modification encapsulation (DME) retained 82 % of total phenolic compounds and 79 % of anthocyanins after seven days of storage under aging conditions. However, the retention decreased to 55 % and 48 %, respectively, after 35 days of storage. In the in vitro digestion model, ultrasound modification encapsulation (UME) showed the highest anthocyanin release (63 % gastric phase, 41 % intestinal phase), indicating gradual and controlled delivery. These findings indicate the potential of modified taro starch treatments to enhance the protection of bioactive drugs and provide greater control over the rate of compound release during the digestive process. These benefits are achieved while maintaining the stability and efficacy of the encapsulated compound.

采用超声、酶及两者结合的方法对芋头淀粉进行改性，考察其结构变化及其作为木芙蓉提取物包封壁材的性能。双变性淀粉（DMS）的直链淀粉含量（6.7%）和粒径（2.5 μm）均低于天然芋头淀粉（9.3%）和3.3 μm)。糊化性能表明，DMS的峰值粘度比天然淀粉降低42%，提高了喷雾干燥的效率。稳定性研究表明，双改性包封（DME）在老化条件下保存7天后，总酚类化合物保留82%，花青素保留79%。然而，保存35天后，保留率分别下降到55%和48%。在体外消化模型中，超声修饰胶囊（UME）的花青素释放量最高（胃期63%，肠期41%），表明其释放是渐进的、有控制的。这些发现表明，改性芋头淀粉处理有可能增强生物活性药物的保护作用，并在消化过程中更好地控制化合物的释放速度。这些好处是在保持被封装化合物的稳定性和功效的同时实现的。

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引用次数: 0

Synthesis and in vitro studies of doxorubicin-Cu2+ prodrug and glucose oxidase co-encapsulated oxidized hyaluronic acid/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogels on breast cancer cell line 4T1 阿霉素- cu2 +前药与葡萄糖氧化酶共包封氧化透明质酸/羧甲基壳聚糖水凝胶在乳腺癌细胞株4T1上的合成及体外研究

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109769

Shuhan Li , Huwei Bian , Yuting Tan , Yan Li , Dan Shou , Tao Jiang , Yong Kong

Breast cancer is one of the most life-threatening malignancies worldwide, and the chemotherapy of breast cancer is often hindered by drug resistance and systemic toxicity. Developing safer and more efficient multi-therapy strategies is therefore urgently needed. Doxorubicin (DOX) is first combined with Cu²⁺ through coordination bonds, and the resulting DOX-Cu²⁺ prodrug is then co-encapsulated with glucose oxidase (GOx) in the oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHA)/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) hydrogels cross-linked through the Schiff base reaction. The weakly acidic environment of tumor cells can cause the degradation of the hydrogels and the dissociation of the DOX-Cu²⁺ complex, resulting in the release of DOX for chemotherapy. The released Cu²⁺ can be reduced to Cu ⁺ by glutathione (GSH), and the Cu⁺ can participate in the Fenton-like reaction with the overexpressed H₂O₂ in tumor cells to produce hydroxyl radicals (·OH) for chemodynamic therapy (CDT). During the degradation of the hydrogels, the GOx is also released, which can deplete the glucose in tumor cells for starvation therapy; meanwhile, the H₂O₂ generated during the GOx-catalyzed oxidation of glucose can in turn participate in the Fenton-like reaction with Cu⁺ to enhance CDT. The results of cytotoxicity assay indicate that the OHA/CMCS hydrogels have good biocompatibility, while the DOX-Cu²⁺ and GOx co-encapsulated hydrogels (OHA/CMCS/DOX-Cu²⁺/GOx) display significant cytotoxicity due to the multi-therapy synergies of chemotherapy, enhanced CDT and starvation therapy.

乳腺癌是世界上最危及生命的恶性肿瘤之一，乳腺癌的化疗常常受到耐药性和全身毒性的阻碍。因此，迫切需要开发更安全、更有效的综合治疗策略。多柔比星（DOX）首先通过配位键与Cu2+结合，生成的DOX-Cu2+前药通过席夫碱反应与葡萄糖氧化酶（GOx）在氧化透明质酸(OHA)/羧甲基壳聚糖（CMCS）水凝胶中共包被。肿瘤细胞的弱酸性环境可使水凝胶降解，DOX- cu2 +复合物解离，释放DOX用于化疗。释放的Cu2+可被谷胱甘肽（GSH）还原为Cu+， Cu+可与肿瘤细胞中过表达的H2O2参与fenton样反应，产生羟基自由基（·OH），用于化学动力治疗（CDT）。在水凝胶降解的过程中，GOx也被释放出来，它可以消耗肿瘤细胞中的葡萄糖，用于饥饿治疗；同时，gox催化葡萄糖氧化过程中产生的H2O2又能与Cu+参与类fenton反应，增强CDT。细胞毒性实验结果表明，OHA/CMCS水凝胶具有良好的生物相容性，而DOX-Cu2+/GOx共包被水凝胶（OHA/CMCS/DOX-Cu2+/GOx）由于化疗、增强CDT和饥饿治疗的多疗法协同作用而表现出显著的细胞毒性。

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引用次数: 0

Visible-light-promoted O-glycosylation with indolylthio glycosides 可见光促进吲哚硫代糖苷的o糖基化

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109766

Tianyu Zhang , Zefei Fan , Yongyan Fu , Yafei Hou , Guanghui Ni

A novel method for the preparation of thioglycoside donors from d-glucose and 2-indolone was developed. This method is straightforward to operate and enables highly efficient catalysis under mild conditions. In addition, a method for O-glycosylation of thioglycosides with various alcohols using trifluoromethyl thianthrenium triflate (TT-CF₃⁺TfO⁻) as an initiator and a visible light-induced photoredox catalysis method was also developed. The method is green, mild, easy to perform and does not require a neutralization step.

建立了以d-葡萄糖和2-吲哚酮为原料制备巯基糖苷给体的新方法。该方法操作简单，在温和条件下催化效率高。此外，还建立了以三氟甲基三氟酸硫铵（TT-CF3+TfO -）为引发剂与不同醇进行硫代糖苷o糖基化反应的方法和可见光诱导光氧化还原催化方法。该方法绿色、温和、易于操作且不需要中和步骤。

引用次数: 0

Non-leaching cationic nanofibers from chitosan-g-PCL copolymer: A structurally durable platform for biomedical applications 壳聚糖-g- pcl共聚物的非浸出阳离子纳米纤维：生物医学应用的结构耐用平台

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109767

Aliakbar Ebrahimi

The possible leaching of chitosan (CS), which could result in a loss of bioactivity and structural instability, is a significant drawback of CS/polycaprolactone (PCL) blend nanofibers. This work offers a way to produce inherently cationic and long-lasting nanofibers by synthesizing a CS-graft-PCL (CS-g-PCL) copolymer. PCL and CS are Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved polymers that are widely used in biomedical applications. PCL is a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer and has good electrospinnable character, but suffers from a lack of functional groups. Instead, CS is biocompatible, biodegradable, non-toxic, non-allergenic, bio-adhesive, and has attractive biological activities, but has poor electrospinability. Synthesized copolymers and PCL were characterized with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Hydrogen Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹HNMR), Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results of characterization showed that the synthesis procedures were done successfully. Then, different blends of PCL with Graft copolymers were used to prepare nanofibers with electrospinning. Surface morphology of nanofibers investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Surface chemistry, hydrophilic and hydrophobic character, and mechanical strength of nanofiber matrices were characterized with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), water contact angle, and mechanical tests, respectively. Importantly, CS was covalently bonded inside the fiber matrix, inhibiting its diffusion and producing no inhibitory zone, as demonstrated by XPS and antibacterial disk diffusion studies. This suggests a long-lasting, non-leaching architecture in which the fiber structure retains its cationic and antibacterial qualities for prolonged bioactivity after breakdown. This study effectively creates a cationic nanofiber platform that is structurally stable and perfectly suitable for uses that need a long-lasting positive charge, such as scaffolds for tissue engineering and long-term antimicrobial filtration systems.

壳聚糖/聚己内酯（PCL）共混纳米纤维的一个重要缺点是壳聚糖（CS）的浸出可能导致生物活性的丧失和结构的不稳定性。本研究通过合成cs -接枝pcl （CS-g-PCL）共聚物提供了一种生产固有阳离子和持久纳米纤维的方法。PCL和CS是食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准的聚合物，广泛用于生物医学应用。PCL是一种生物可降解和生物相容性聚合物，具有良好的电纺丝性能，但其官能团缺乏。相反，CS具有生物相容性、可生物降解性、无毒、无过敏性、生物黏附性，具有吸引人的生物活性，但电可纺性较差。用傅里叶红外（FTIR）、氢核磁共振（1HNMR）、凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）、热重分析（TGA）和x射线衍射（XRD）对合成的共聚物和PCL进行了表征。表征结果表明，合成过程顺利完成。然后，用接枝共聚物和PCL共混物制备了静电纺丝纳米纤维。用扫描电子显微镜研究了纳米纤维的表面形貌。利用x射线光电子能谱（XPS）、水接触角和力学测试分别表征了纳米纤维基体的表面化学、亲疏水性和机械强度。重要的是，正如XPS和抗菌盘扩散研究所证明的那样，CS在纤维基体内共价结合，抑制了其扩散，没有产生抑制区。这表明了一种持久的、不浸出的结构，在这种结构中，纤维结构保留了其阳离子和抗菌特性，从而在分解后延长了生物活性。这项研究有效地创造了一种结构稳定的阳离子纳米纤维平台，非常适合于需要长期正电荷的用途，例如组织工程的支架和长期抗菌过滤系统。

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引用次数: 0

Toward sustainable, smart, and multifunctional Carrageenan bio(nano)composites: Mechanistic insights, physicochemical properties, biomedical interfaces, and AI-driven design perspectives 迈向可持续、智能和多功能卡拉胶生物（纳米）复合材料：机械见解、物理化学特性、生物医学界面和人工智能驱动的设计观点

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109764

Saad Salman , Fahad Hassan Shah

Carrageenan (CG), a sulfated galactan derived from red seaweed, has emerged as a versatile biopolymer for developing sustainable, smart, and multifunctional biomaterials. This review critically surveys recent advances in CG bio(nano)composites, emphasizing their structural design, crosslinking mechanisms, and performance across biomedical and environmental interfaces. Ionic (K⁺, Ca²⁺), covalent, and polyelectrolyte complexation strategies are compared in terms of mechanical reinforcement, swelling behavior, and controlled drug release, highlighting CG's tunable viscoelasticity and physicochemical adaptability. Integration with metallic, polymeric, and biodegradable nanofillers has expanded its functionality to include antimicrobial, antioxidant, and regenerative applications. Despite these advances, systematic evaluation of parameters such as modulus, mesh size, ion leaching, and cytotoxicity remains inconsistent across studies. This review underscores the need for standardized characterization and predictive modeling frameworks. Finally, emerging artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches are discussed for data-driven optimization of kappa carrageenan (κ-CG) formulation, structure–property correlation, and performance prediction. Together, these insights position κ-CG bio(nano)composites as next-generation, sustainable platforms bridging carbohydrate chemistry with intelligent material design.

卡拉胶（CG）是一种从红海藻中提取的硫酸半乳聚糖，已成为一种多功能生物聚合物，用于开发可持续、智能和多功能的生物材料。本文综述了CG生物（纳米）复合材料的最新进展，强调了它们的结构设计、交联机制以及在生物医学和环境界面上的性能。离子（K+, Ca2+），共价和多电解质络合策略在机械加固，膨胀行为和控制药物释放方面进行了比较，突出了CG可调的粘弹性和物理化学适应性。与金属，聚合物和可生物降解纳米填料的集成扩展了其功能，包括抗菌，抗氧化和再生应用。尽管取得了这些进展，但系统评估的参数，如模量、网眼尺寸、离子浸出和细胞毒性在研究中仍然不一致。这篇综述强调了标准化表征和预测建模框架的必要性。最后，讨论了新兴的人工智能和机器学习方法，用于数据驱动的kappa卡拉胶（κ-CG）配方优化、结构-性质关联和性能预测。总之，这些见解使κ-CG生物（纳米）复合材料成为连接碳水化合物化学与智能材料设计的下一代可持续平台。

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引用次数: 0

Structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity of a glucuronoarabinogalactooligosaccharide-complex pectin from the fruits of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem 木本果葡糖醛酸阿拉伯糖半乳糖低聚糖复合物果胶的结构表征及免疫调节活性似乎

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109763

Tian-Yuan Wu , Yong-Xin Huang , Xu Liu , Yu Shen , Jun Liang , Hai-Xue Kuang , Yong-Gang Xia

A novel glucuronoarabinogalactooligosaccharide-complex pectin, designated as AEFP-B₁ (molecular weight: 7.352 × 10⁴ g/mol), was isolated from the fruits of Aralia elata using multiple chromatographic techniques. Its chemical structure was characterized by UPLC-ESI⁺-MS, GC–MS, HILIC-ESI^--HCD-MS, and 1/2D-NMR spectroscopy. The structural features of AEFP-B₁ are as follows: (i) its backbone consists of homogalacturonan (HG) and rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) regions at a molar ratio of 3:2; (ii) complex side chains, i.e., arabinogalactooligosaccharide, glucuronoarabinogalactooligosaccharide, glucuronogalactooligosaccharide and arabinan, are attached to the C-4 positions of rhamnosyl residues in the RG-I domain; (iii) a repetitive structural fragment was deduced, including →2)-Rhap-(1→, →2,4)-Rhap-(1→, GalpA-(1→, →4)-GalpA-(1→, →4)-GalpA-6-OMe-(1→, Araf-(1→, →3)-Araf-(1→, →5)-Araf-(1→, →3,5)-Araf-(1→, Galp-(1→, →3)-Galp-1→, →4)-Galp-(1→, →6)-Galp-(1→, → 3,4)-Galp-(1→, →3,4,6)-Galp-(1→, and GlcpA-4-OMe-(1 → . Bioactivity assays demonstrated that AEFP-B₁ could promote cytokine secretion and regulate immune responses. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis revealed that AEFP-B₁ binds to toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2, dissociation constant K_D = 8.99 × 10⁻⁶ M) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4, K_D = 1.07 × 10⁻⁵ M), and this binding was further validated by molecular docking. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to isolate and structurally characterize pectic polysaccharides with immunomodulatory activity from A. elata fruits. It highlights the potential of AEFP-B₁ for future applications both food and pharmaceutical industries.

采用多层色谱技术从楤木果实中分离到一种新的糖醛酸阿拉伯半乳糖低聚糖复合物果胶，命名为AEFP-B1（分子量：7.352 × 104 g/mol）。通过UPLC-ESI+-MS、GC-MS、HILIC-ESI—HCD-MS和1/2D-NMR对其化学结构进行了表征。AEFP-B1的结构特征如下：(i)其主链由均半乳糖醛酸（HG）区和鼠李糖半乳糖醛酸- i （RG-I）区组成，摩尔比为3:2；（ii）在RG-I结构域的鼠李糖残基的C-4位上连接有复合侧链，即阿拉伯半乳糖低聚糖、葡萄糖醛酸阿拉伯半乳糖低聚糖、葡萄糖醛酸半乳糖低聚糖和阿拉伯糖；(3)一个重复结构推导了片段,包括→2)世行-(1→→2、4)世行-(1→GalpA(1→→4)-GalpA -(1→→4)-GalpA-6-OMe -(1→Araf -(1→→3)-Araf -(1→→5)-Araf -(1→3→5)-Araf -(1→Galp -(1→→3)-Galp-1→,→4)Galp -(1→→6)Galp -(1→3→4)Galp -(1→→3、4、6)Galp -(1→,GlcpA-4-OMe(1→。生物活性实验表明，AEFP-B1具有促进细胞因子分泌和调节免疫应答的作用。表面等离子体共振（SPR）分析表明，AEFP-B1与toll样受体2 （TLR2，解离常数KD = 8.99 × 10−6 M）和toll样受体4 （TLR4, KD = 1.07 × 10−5 M）结合，并通过分子对接进一步验证了这种结合。据我们所知，这项研究是第一次从elata果实中分离和结构表征具有免疫调节活性的果胶多糖。它强调了AEFP-B1在食品和制药工业未来应用的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Structure and gene cluster of the capsular polysaccharide produced by Acinetobacter baumannii K111 鲍曼不动杆菌K111产荚膜多糖的结构和基因簇

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109760

Andrei V. Filatov , Anna M. Shpirt , Andrei V. Perepelov , Andrei S. Dmitrenok , Mikhail M. Shneider , Philip V. Toukach , Yuriy A. Knirel

Structure of the capsular polysaccharide (CPS) from A. baumannii MAR21-2688 strain (classified as KL111 type) was established using ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, including two-dimensional homonuclear ¹Н,¹Н COSY, TOCSY, ROESY and heteronuclear ¹Н,¹³C HSQC and HMBC experiments and chemical methods including component analyses and Smith degradation. The following structure of the branched hexasaccharide repeating K-unit was established:

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Functions of genes in the K locus of A. baumannii K111 were assigned by a comparison with sequences in the available databases and found to be in agreement with the CPS structure.

采用1H和13C核磁共振波谱法，包括二维同核1Н、1Н COSY、TOCSY、ROESY和异核1Н，13C HSQC和HMBC实验，以及化学方法，包括组分分析和Smith降解，建立了鲍曼杆菌MAR21-2688菌株荚膜多糖（CPS）的结构。建立了支链六糖重复K单元的结构：下载：下载高分辨率图像（125KB）下载：下载全尺寸图像通过与现有数据库中的序列比较，确定了鲍曼a.b umannii K111 K位点基因的功能，发现与CPS结构一致。

引用次数: 0

Unexpected formation of furanose form during deacetylation of pyranose glyco-oxazolines 在吡喃糖-恶唑啉去乙酰化过程中意外形成呋喃糖。

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109761

Maxim A. Romanyuk, Ilya V. Myachin, Maria V. Panova, Alexander I. Zinin, Oleg R. Malyshev, Natalya G. Kolotyrkina, Leonid O. Kononov

We have found that the deacetylation of O-acetylated pyranose glyco-oxazoline, derived from N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, using MeONa or other bases (Et₃N, K₂CO₃) in MeOH, selectively gives the expected pyranose triol at 20 °C. In contrast, at 60 °C, a previously unknown, thermodynamically favored furanose isomer of the glyco-oxazoline triol is formed. Isomeric O-acetylated pyranose glyco-oxazolines, derived from N-acetyl-d-galactosamine or N-acetyl-d-mannosamine, also afford furanose isomers of the corresponding glyco-oxazoline triols upon treatment with MeONa in MeOH at 60 °C. The obtained unprotected furanose glyco-oxazoline with gluco-configuration was transformed into O-acetylated furanose gluco-oxazoline. The ability to prepare (un)protected furanose glyco-oxazolines opens a novel pathway to the underexplored furanose forms of glyco-oxazolines bearing various O-protective groups.

我们发现，n -乙酰-d-氨基葡萄糖衍生的o-乙酰化吡喃糖-恶唑啉，在MeOH中使用MeONa或其他碱（Et3N, K2CO3），在20°C下选择性地得到预期的吡喃糖三醇。相反，在60℃时，形成了一种以前未知的、热力学上受欢迎的糖-恶唑啉三醇的呋喃糖异构体。由n -乙酰-d-半乳糖胺或n -乙酰-d-甘露糖胺衍生的o-乙酰化吡喃糖-恶唑啉异构体，在60°C的甲醇中用MeONa处理后，也能产生相应的糖-恶唑啉三醇的呋喃糖异构体。将得到的无保护型呋喃糖-恶唑啉转化为o-乙酰化呋喃糖-恶唑啉。制备（不）受保护的呋喃糖糖恶唑啉的能力为具有各种o保护基团的糖恶唑啉的呋喃糖形式开辟了一条新途径。

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引用次数: 0

Structural diversity of the OPSs isolated from the LPSs of the plant pathogenic bacteria Pectobacterium parmentieri IFB5441 and IFB5533 植物致病菌Pectobacterium parmentieri IFB5441和IFB5533的lps分离产物的结构多样性

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109762

Karolina Ossowska , Natalia Kaczyńska , Agnieszka Kowalczyk , Tomasz Apanowicz , Zbigniew Kaczyński

Pectobacterium parmentieri is a pectinolytic pathogenic bacterium causing high economic losses in plant crops. Lipopolysaccharide is one of the bacterial virulence factors that play an important role in plant colonisation and interaction with host defence systems. The chemical structure of an O-polysaccharide isolated from the lipopolysaccharide of the P. parmentieri IFB5441 was determined using NMR spectroscopy and chemical methods. The repeating unit of the O-polysaccharide was composed of three galactose residues and one residue of 5,7-diamino-3,5,7,9-tetradeoxy-l-glycero-l-manno-non-2-ulosonic acid:

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The chemical structure of the repeating unit of the O-polysaccharide isolated from the P. parmentieri IFB5533 was also determined revealing the presence of galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylmannosamine:

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果胶杆菌是一种对农作物造成巨大经济损失的果胶溶解致病菌。脂多糖是细菌的毒力因子之一，在植物定植和与宿主防御系统的相互作用中起着重要作用。采用核磁共振波谱和化学方法对从parmentieri IFB5441脂多糖中分离得到的o -多糖进行了化学结构分析。o-多糖的重复单元由三个半乳糖残基和一个5,7-二氨基-3,5,7,9-四tradeoxy-l-甘油-l-甘露-非2-ulosonic酸残基组成。下载：下载高分辨率图片（46KB）下载：下载完整尺寸图片从P. parmentieri IFB5533中分离的o-多糖的重复单元的化学结构也被确定，揭示了半乳糖、n-乙酰半乳糖胺和n-乙酰甘露糖胺的存在。下载高清图片（39KB）下载：下载全尺寸图片

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引用次数: 0