Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2022-62-88-34-39
Polina V. Malysheva, A. A. Gur’eva, V. P. Germán, V. A. Keskinov, Andrey I. Fisher, N. Kulenova, Botagoz K. Shaymardanova1, N. Charykov, A. A. Blokhin, M. A. Sadenova, L. V. Shushkevich, D. Letenko
The solubility diagram of the quaternary system С60(ОН)24 – NdCl3 – PrCl3 – H2O and its ternary subsystems at 25°C was studied by the method of isothermal saturation in ampoules. In systems С60(ОН)24 – NdCl3 – PrCl3 – H2O and NdCl3 – PrCl3 – H2O isovalent substitution solid solutions crystallize with the miscibility gap (PrCl3)х(NdCl3)1-х•6H2O and (PrCl3)х(NdCl3)1-х•7H2O. In all systems there is one non-invariant point of the eutonic type corresponding to the saturation of the solution with two solid phases in the ternary subsystems and three solid phases in the quaternary system
{"title":"SOLUBILITY IN QUATERNARY SYSTEM С60(ОН)24 – NdCl3 – PrCl3 – H2O AT 25°С","authors":"Polina V. Malysheva, A. A. Gur’eva, V. P. Germán, V. A. Keskinov, Andrey I. Fisher, N. Kulenova, Botagoz K. Shaymardanova1, N. Charykov, A. A. Blokhin, M. A. Sadenova, L. V. Shushkevich, D. Letenko","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2022-62-88-34-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2022-62-88-34-39","url":null,"abstract":"The solubility diagram of the quaternary system С60(ОН)24 – NdCl3 – PrCl3 – H2O and its ternary subsystems at 25°C was studied by the method of isothermal saturation in ampoules. In systems С60(ОН)24 – NdCl3 – PrCl3 – H2O and NdCl3 – PrCl3 – H2O isovalent substitution solid solutions crystallize with the miscibility gap (PrCl3)х(NdCl3)1-х•6H2O and (PrCl3)х(NdCl3)1-х•7H2O. In all systems there is one non-invariant point of the eutonic type corresponding to the saturation of the solution with two solid phases in the ternary subsystems and three solid phases in the quaternary system","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"321 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75095822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2022-62-88-12-15
A. B. Vlasenko, V. Bakhmetyev, G. Nianikova
The efficiency of X-ray stimulated generation of active oxygen by oncotheranostics systems was studied using the chemical traps method. The effect of phosphor-photosensitizer systems on the growth of E.coli and B.cereus bacteria was studied in order to determine their bactericidal activity for the further use in antibacterial therapy.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF THE ACTIVITY OF PHOSPHOR-PHOTOSENSITIZER SYSTEMS FOR ONCOTERANOSTICS BY CHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS","authors":"A. B. Vlasenko, V. Bakhmetyev, G. Nianikova","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2022-62-88-12-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2022-62-88-12-15","url":null,"abstract":"The efficiency of X-ray stimulated generation of active oxygen by oncotheranostics systems was studied using the chemical traps method. The effect of phosphor-photosensitizer systems on the growth of E.coli and B.cereus bacteria was studied in order to determine their bactericidal activity for the further use in antibacterial therapy.","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81553148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2022-63-89-78-83
V. Demin, Aleksey V. Kostyrya
The necessity of study of the flow structure in submerged combustion apparatuses was substantiated. A three-phase flow in a laboratory plant with a submerged burner was considered. Modeling thermal mode of operation without vapor phase formation was analyzed. The conclusion was made about the dominance of laminar motion in most of the workspace and the determining significance of the gas phase influence on the structure and time behavior of hydrodynamic flows. The conclusion was made about the suitability of the developed physical and mathematical model for the numerical study of full-size devices.
{"title":"DYNAMICS OF GAS-LIQUID-SOLID THREE PHASE FLOW IN SUBMERGED COMBUSTION PLANT","authors":"V. Demin, Aleksey V. Kostyrya","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2022-63-89-78-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2022-63-89-78-83","url":null,"abstract":"The necessity of study of the flow structure in submerged combustion apparatuses was substantiated. A three-phase flow in a laboratory plant with a submerged burner was considered. Modeling thermal mode of operation without vapor phase formation was analyzed. The conclusion was made about the dominance of laminar motion in most of the workspace and the determining significance of the gas phase influence on the structure and time behavior of hydrodynamic flows. The conclusion was made about the suitability of the developed physical and mathematical model for the numerical study of full-size devices.","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88674730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2022-63-89-14-22
M. Ilyushin, S. Putis, A. Mazur, S. Dushenok, I. Shugalei
The review considers laser initiation of secondary energetic materials. The effectiveness of nanoaluminum powder as an additive that reduces the thresholds for initiation of blasting energetic materials by laser radiation is shown
{"title":"LASER INITIATION OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS","authors":"M. Ilyushin, S. Putis, A. Mazur, S. Dushenok, I. Shugalei","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2022-63-89-14-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2022-63-89-14-22","url":null,"abstract":"The review considers laser initiation of secondary energetic materials. The effectiveness of nanoaluminum powder as an additive that reduces the thresholds for initiation of blasting energetic materials by laser radiation is shown","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91333603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2022-61-87-33-38
Ekaterina A. Nikanorova, V. Klementyev
A modification of the Othmer device with a reduced volume of vapor space was proposed. Data on the vapor-liquid equilibrium were obtained on the example of the binary acetone-isopropanol system, and the thermodynamic consistency was checked. The main models for calculating vapor-liquid equilibrium are considered
{"title":"APPLICATION OF A MODIFIED OTHMER VAPOR-LIQUID EQUILIBRIUM ON EXAMPLE THE OF THE BINARY ACETONE-ISOPROPANOL SYSTEM AND EVALUATION OF THE ADEQUACY OF VAPOR-LIQUID EQUILIBRIUM MODELS FOR CALCULATION OF PHASE COMPOSITION","authors":"Ekaterina A. Nikanorova, V. Klementyev","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2022-61-87-33-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2022-61-87-33-38","url":null,"abstract":"A modification of the Othmer device with a reduced volume of vapor space was proposed. Data on the vapor-liquid equilibrium were obtained on the example of the binary acetone-isopropanol system, and the thermodynamic consistency was checked. The main models for calculating vapor-liquid equilibrium are considered","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90893704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2022-61-87-62-66
Yu. G. Chesnokov
In the paper, formulas were obtained for calculating a number of quantities characterizing the distribution of the kinetic energy of turbulent fluctuations over the pipe section depending on the Reynolds criterion. Those quantities include the maximum value of the kinetic energy, the average value, the value on the axis. The formulas were constructed using direct numerical simulation data obtained by various authors
{"title":"ABOUT THE KINETIC ENERGY OF TURBULENT PULSATIONS IN THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS THROUGH PIPES OF CIRCULAR CROSS SECTION","authors":"Yu. G. Chesnokov","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2022-61-87-62-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2022-61-87-62-66","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper, formulas were obtained for calculating a number of quantities characterizing the distribution of the kinetic energy of turbulent fluctuations over the pipe section depending on the Reynolds criterion. Those quantities include the maximum value of the kinetic energy, the average value, the value on the axis. The formulas were constructed using direct numerical simulation data obtained by various authors","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79076940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2022-62-88-91-94
A. Sagdatullin
The purpose of the research work is to optimize the architecture of fuzzy automated systems based on the state monitoring algorithm. To achieve the goal set in the scientific work, the following problems were solved: the study of a simulation description based on the discount state of authorized systems; development of an architectural solution based on the state monitoring algorithm. An algorithmic implementation of the state observer was proposed. The results showed that the proposed system allows expanding the functionality of the automated systems and increasing their performance
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF A STATE OBSERVER ALGORITHM FOR MULTI-COMPONENT AUTOMATED SYSTEMS BASED ON A DISCRETE DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM STATE","authors":"A. Sagdatullin","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2022-62-88-91-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2022-62-88-91-94","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research work is to optimize the architecture of fuzzy automated systems based on the state monitoring algorithm. To achieve the goal set in the scientific work, the following problems were solved: the study of a simulation description based on the discount state of authorized systems; development of an architectural solution based on the state monitoring algorithm. An algorithmic implementation of the state observer was proposed. The results showed that the proposed system allows expanding the functionality of the automated systems and increasing their performance","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83250939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2022-61-87-3-8
M. Zubkova, A. A. Stroganov, A. Khramov
This paper presents the results of estimation energy efficiency, the adjusted data of thermodynamic calculations and data on material and energy balances for an assessment of electric and thermal components in considered method of fuel usage, performance enhancement in the tandem system containing the high-temperature fuel cell and the low-temperature fuel cell with full heat regeneration for carbon-bearing fuel (methane (CH4)). The overall effective efficiency (ηΣef., making full usage of the recovered heat) of the considered tandem system depends on the efficiency of its constituent fuel cells. The overall effective efficiency of the tandem installation including the fuel converter, separating system, high-temperature oxidation system, and hydrogen disposal system – in case of fuel use in the low-temperature fuel cell – is higher than for each of the fuel cell elements separately.
{"title":"METHOD OF CARBON-BEARING FUEL USAGE TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY IN TANDEM DIVERSE TEMPERATURE OXIDATION SYSTEM","authors":"M. Zubkova, A. A. Stroganov, A. Khramov","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2022-61-87-3-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2022-61-87-3-8","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of estimation energy efficiency, the adjusted data of thermodynamic calculations and data on material and energy balances for an assessment of electric and thermal components in considered method of fuel usage, performance enhancement in the tandem system containing the high-temperature fuel cell and the low-temperature fuel cell with full heat regeneration for carbon-bearing fuel (methane (CH4)). The overall effective efficiency (ηΣef., making full usage of the recovered heat) of the considered tandem system depends on the efficiency of its constituent fuel cells. The overall effective efficiency of the tandem installation including the fuel converter, separating system, high-temperature oxidation system, and hydrogen disposal system – in case of fuel use in the low-temperature fuel cell – is higher than for each of the fuel cell elements separately.","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81775437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2022-63-89-84-87
A. P. Prokop’ev
A description of a new class of organizational and technical systems is given – intelligent road-building compaction control systems, the principles of operation of which provide for ensuring a given quality of compaction of asphalt mixtures in the process of road construction. The development of systems of that class is due, in the first place, to the transition to digital and intelligent control systems in construction. A scientific problem related to the relevance of creating methods for intelligent control of compaction of asphalt mixtures that affect the quality of road surfaces was formulated. To succeed, the usage of neural network structures was proposed. The usage will allow real-time monitoring of changes in the compaction quality index and efficient controlling of road machines using both the driver's manual means and the automatic compaction control system. The properties of the system under study – which determine the principles of its functioning: intelligence, informativity, speed, interconnectedness of subsystems, controllability and modularity – were presented. The above principles of the functioning of the proposed system, which are part of the methodology for managing the quality of asphalt compaction of pavement roads, were implemented in a set of methods and algorithms. Among them should be noted a new method of intelligent continuous control of compaction in the process of laying asphalt mixtures, an advanced method of intelligent prediction of compaction quality by vibrating rollers.
{"title":"METHODOLOGICAL BASIS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLIGENT CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR THE COMPACTION OF ASPHALT MIXTURES","authors":"A. P. Prokop’ev","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2022-63-89-84-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2022-63-89-84-87","url":null,"abstract":"A description of a new class of organizational and technical systems is given – intelligent road-building compaction control systems, the principles of operation of which provide for ensuring a given quality of compaction of asphalt mixtures in the process of road construction. The development of systems of that class is due, in the first place, to the transition to digital and intelligent control systems in construction. A scientific problem related to the relevance of creating methods for intelligent control of compaction of asphalt mixtures that affect the quality of road surfaces was formulated. To succeed, the usage of neural network structures was proposed. The usage will allow real-time monitoring of changes in the compaction quality index and efficient controlling of road machines using both the driver's manual means and the automatic compaction control system. The properties of the system under study – which determine the principles of its functioning: intelligence, informativity, speed, interconnectedness of subsystems, controllability and modularity – were presented. The above principles of the functioning of the proposed system, which are part of the methodology for managing the quality of asphalt compaction of pavement roads, were implemented in a set of methods and algorithms. Among them should be noted a new method of intelligent continuous control of compaction in the process of laying asphalt mixtures, an advanced method of intelligent prediction of compaction quality by vibrating rollers.","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89479807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2022-63-89-28-34
I. Ganiev
Heat capacity is the most important characteristic of substances, and its change with temperature can determine the type of phase transformation, Debye temperature, the energy of formation of vacancies, the electron heat capacity coefficient, and other properties. In the work, the heat capacity of the AlFe5K10 alloy with potassium was determined in the “cooling” mode from the known heat capacity of the standard copper sample. In order to succeed, by processing the curves of the cooling rates of the samples of the aluminum alloy AlFe5K10 with potassium and the standard, polynomials describing their cooling rates were obtained. Further, according to the experimentally found values of the cooling rates of the samples of alloys and the standard, knowing their masses, the polynomials of the temperature dependence of the heat capacity of the alloys and the standard were established, which are described by a four-termed equation. Using integrals of specific heat, models of the temperature dependence of the change in enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs energy were established. The dependences obtained show that with increasing temperature, the heat capacity, enthalpy and entropy of the alloys increase, while the values of Gibbs energy decrease. At the same time, potassium addition reduces the heat capacity, enthalpy and entropy of the original AlFe5K10 aluminium alloy. The value of Gibbs energy increases in that case.
{"title":"EFFECT OF POTASSIUM ON THE HEAT CAPACITY AND THERMUNCTIONS OF AlFe5K10 ALUMINIUM ALLOY","authors":"I. Ganiev","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2022-63-89-28-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2022-63-89-28-34","url":null,"abstract":"Heat capacity is the most important characteristic of substances, and its change with temperature can determine the type of phase transformation, Debye temperature, the energy of formation of vacancies, the electron heat capacity coefficient, and other properties. In the work, the heat capacity of the AlFe5K10 alloy with potassium was determined in the “cooling” mode from the known heat capacity of the standard copper sample. In order to succeed, by processing the curves of the cooling rates of the samples of the aluminum alloy AlFe5K10 with potassium and the standard, polynomials describing their cooling rates were obtained. Further, according to the experimentally found values of the cooling rates of the samples of alloys and the standard, knowing their masses, the polynomials of the temperature dependence of the heat capacity of the alloys and the standard were established, which are described by a four-termed equation. Using integrals of specific heat, models of the temperature dependence of the change in enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs energy were established. The dependences obtained show that with increasing temperature, the heat capacity, enthalpy and entropy of the alloys increase, while the values of Gibbs energy decrease. At the same time, potassium addition reduces the heat capacity, enthalpy and entropy of the original AlFe5K10 aluminium alloy. The value of Gibbs energy increases in that case.","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79559176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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