The article presents the results of comparative analysis of the structure of planktonic algae in the Volga and Kama rivers, as well as the assessment of the trophic state of these water bodies, which form the Kuibyshev reservoir at their confluence. The hydrochemical regime of the Kuibyshev reservoir is nonhomogeneous and is determined by the chemical properties of the Volga and Kama, differing in the ratio of ions and mineralization. The ionic compositionin Kama is often dominated by sulfates. Its mineralization ranges from 168 to 674 mg L-1, depending on the season and dryness of the year. The Volga contains calcium hydrocarbonate and display a lower degree of mineralization (120-130 mg L-1). Different composition of the incoming water, runoff rate, the degree of volume drawdown, intra-basin processes and groundwater inflows exhibit a direct impact on the conditions for the existence of planktonic algae. During the growing season of 2012, 123 algae taxa were identified among the phytoplankton of the Volga and Kama rivers (the areas before their confluence in the Kuibyshev reservoir). In terms of species diversity, diatoms and green algae were prevalent. The Volga exhibits higher species diversity (107 species), while the phytoplankton in Kama displays less diverse (77 species). In the seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton in both areas, two peaks of abundance and biomass are observed, i.e., at the middle and at the end of summer. The studied areas of Volga River are characterized by a phytoplankton complex of blue-green, diatoms and green algae, while diatom phytoplankton predominates in Kama River. In the summer-autumn period, the "blooming" of water in both rivers is connected with massive development of blue-green algae of the genera Aphanizomenon, Microcystis, Anabaena and Oscillatoria. During most of the growing season, the waters of Volga and Kama rivers belong to the mesasaprobic type and correspond to the moderately-polluted zone. Moreover, the waters of Kama River are characterized by higher saprobity indices. The trophic status of studied rivers mostly corresponds to eutrophic type, and in the periods of maximum development of planktonic algae - to hypereutrophic type.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of the structure of planktonic algae of the Volga and Kama rivers before their confluence in the Kuibyshev reservoir (the Republic of Tatarstan, RF)","authors":"L. Khaliullina","doi":"10.22124/CJES.2021.4968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22124/CJES.2021.4968","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of comparative analysis of the structure of planktonic algae in the Volga and Kama rivers, as well as the assessment of the trophic state of these water bodies, which form the Kuibyshev reservoir at their confluence. The hydrochemical regime of the Kuibyshev reservoir is nonhomogeneous and is determined by the chemical properties of the Volga and Kama, differing in the ratio of ions and mineralization. The ionic compositionin Kama is often dominated by sulfates. Its mineralization ranges from 168 to 674 mg L-1, depending on the season and dryness of the year. The Volga contains calcium hydrocarbonate and display a lower degree of mineralization (120-130 mg L-1). Different composition of the incoming water, runoff rate, the degree of volume drawdown, intra-basin processes and groundwater inflows exhibit a direct impact on the conditions for the existence of planktonic algae. During the growing season of 2012, 123 algae taxa were identified among the phytoplankton of the Volga and Kama rivers (the areas before their confluence in the Kuibyshev reservoir). In terms of species diversity, diatoms and green algae were prevalent. The Volga exhibits higher species diversity (107 species), while the phytoplankton in Kama displays less diverse (77 species). In the seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton in both areas, two peaks of abundance and biomass are observed, i.e., at the middle and at the end of summer. The studied areas of Volga River are characterized by a phytoplankton complex of blue-green, diatoms and green algae, while diatom phytoplankton predominates in Kama River. In the summer-autumn period, the \"blooming\" of water in both rivers is connected with massive development of blue-green algae of the genera Aphanizomenon, Microcystis, Anabaena and Oscillatoria. During most of the growing season, the waters of Volga and Kama rivers belong to the mesasaprobic type and correspond to the moderately-polluted zone. Moreover, the waters of Kama River are characterized by higher saprobity indices. The trophic status of studied rivers mostly corresponds to eutrophic type, and in the periods of maximum development of planktonic algae - to hypereutrophic type.","PeriodicalId":9640,"journal":{"name":"caspian journal of environmental sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47357889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pollution of water resources with various organic and inorganic pollutants is one of the biggest challenges of the present age. These infections seriously threaten human health and the lives of plants and animals. To minimize the mischievous effects of polluted water, technology-based smart treatment methods are necessary for sustainable equipping of drinking water. Application of (AAC-co-AM)-g-MCC hydrogels for the percentage removal of dye Methyl volute MV, from aqueous solutions have been studied. The synthesized (AAC-co-AM)-g-MCC hydrogels was described via FTIR, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and UV-visible spectroscopy. The experiments held out in batch method effect of the factor like the solution of pH, initial concentration dye, and solution of temperature on the removal percentage of dye was studied. Contact time was done in 120 min. The data appear that an amount of 0.08 g (AAC-co-AM)-g-MCC hydrogels showed maximum removal percentage capacity of dye (100 mg L-1). Maximum adsorption of MV dye was attained at pH 6.2. It was further proven the adsorption dye onto (AAC-co-AM)-g-MCC hydrogels followed the isotherm Langmuir while the kinetics studies detect that each adsorption method was pseudo-second-order. The thermodynamic factors like enthalpy (∆Ho), change in free energy (∆Go), and entropy (∆So) were determined, and the values negative of ∆Go indicated that the method of removal was spontaneous at wholly values of temperatures. Further, the values of ∆Ho indicated the endothermic nature of the method of removal.
{"title":"Hydrogels in the removal of industrial pollution: Adsorption characteristics for the removal of a toxic dye from aqueous solutions","authors":"Layth S. Jasim, Aseel M. Aljeboree","doi":"10.22124/CJES.2021.4966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22124/CJES.2021.4966","url":null,"abstract":"Pollution of water resources with various organic and inorganic pollutants is one of the biggest challenges of the present age. These infections seriously threaten human health and the lives of plants and animals. To minimize the mischievous effects of polluted water, technology-based smart treatment methods are necessary for sustainable equipping of drinking water. Application of (AAC-co-AM)-g-MCC hydrogels for the percentage removal of dye Methyl volute MV, from aqueous solutions have been studied. The synthesized (AAC-co-AM)-g-MCC hydrogels was described via FTIR, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and UV-visible spectroscopy. The experiments held out in batch method effect of the factor like the solution of pH, initial concentration dye, and solution of temperature on the removal percentage of dye was studied. Contact time was done in 120 min. The data appear that an amount of 0.08 g (AAC-co-AM)-g-MCC hydrogels showed maximum removal percentage capacity of dye (100 mg L-1). Maximum adsorption of MV dye was attained at pH 6.2. It was further proven the adsorption dye onto (AAC-co-AM)-g-MCC hydrogels followed the isotherm Langmuir while the kinetics studies detect that each adsorption method was pseudo-second-order. The thermodynamic factors like enthalpy (∆Ho), change in free energy (∆Go), and entropy (∆So) were determined, and the values negative of ∆Go indicated that the method of removal was spontaneous at wholly values of temperatures. Further, the values of ∆Ho indicated the endothermic nature of the method of removal.","PeriodicalId":9640,"journal":{"name":"caspian journal of environmental sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45700897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There is a growing interest around the world for Vitamin D vital role in eradication of many infectious and non-infectious diseases, besides its effect on different biological parameters in the body, and it was the aim of this study to study the relation of Vit D levels and H.pylori infection with detection of its effect on lipid profile in presence of obesity. A total of 100 obese healthy volunteers, aged 25-60 years, were involved in this study. Their body mass index was calculated. Subjects submit to blood tests, including measurements of vitamin D (25-OH) level and lipid profile in addition to Rapid Anti H. pylori. Results revealed that there was no statistical difference in mean vitamin D level between individuals with and without H. pylori after age analysis and sufficient vitamin D levels significantly related to decrease in H.pylori infection. In H .pylori-positive patients vitamin D levels were lower than those in H .pylori-negative patients.
{"title":"Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infections and vitamin D level and lipid profile in some obese Iraqi women","authors":"Z. Mohammed, K. Rasool, M. Ahmed","doi":"10.22124/CJES.2021.4967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22124/CJES.2021.4967","url":null,"abstract":"There is a growing interest around the world for Vitamin D vital role in eradication of many infectious and non-infectious diseases, besides its effect on different biological parameters in the body, and it was the aim of this study to study the relation of Vit D levels and H.pylori infection with detection of its effect on lipid profile in presence of obesity. A total of 100 obese healthy volunteers, aged 25-60 years, were involved in this study. Their body mass index was calculated. Subjects submit to blood tests, including measurements of vitamin D (25-OH) level and lipid profile in addition to Rapid Anti H. pylori. Results revealed that there was no statistical difference in mean vitamin D level between individuals with and without H. pylori after age analysis and sufficient vitamin D levels significantly related to decrease in H.pylori infection. In H .pylori-positive patients vitamin D levels were lower than those in H .pylori-negative patients.","PeriodicalId":9640,"journal":{"name":"caspian journal of environmental sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48847148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Organization and development conditions of ambient air contamination control stations available at onshore and offshore oil fields differ significantly. In the former case, when organizing production control at onshore facilities considering well-established practice, no special restrictions are recorded both for the development and location of a stationary network of the control stations, and for route and flare measurements. Organization of the control system at offshore facilities is determined by special conditions and requirements which is associated with a technical solution for deployment of the control stations in the aquatic area on the one hand and outfit of independent power supply utilities, and reliability of the systems and their self-sufficiency from the climatic conditions, on the other hand. Considering this, common process specifications applied to the ambient air contamination control systems do not possess a sufficient potential for their application at offshore facilities. A brief empiric assessment of various concepts for organization of production control of ambient air contamination at oil fields offshore facilities in the North Caspian Sea aquatic area considering their optimistic application and economic feasibility of their application is provided in the analytical review. The ambient air contamination control system including implementation of Lidar complexes for distant reconnaissance is a prevailing trend in the concepts assessed.
{"title":"Prospective application of Lidar Scanning during ambient air contamination control at offshore oil fields","authors":"Vladislav Sadomskiy, V. Ulanov","doi":"10.22124/CJES.2021.4965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22124/CJES.2021.4965","url":null,"abstract":"Organization and development conditions of ambient air contamination control stations available at onshore and offshore oil fields differ significantly. In the former case, when organizing production control at onshore facilities considering well-established practice, no special restrictions are recorded both for the development and location of a stationary network of the control stations, and for route and flare measurements. Organization of the control system at offshore facilities is determined by special conditions and requirements which is associated with a technical solution for deployment of the control stations in the aquatic area on the one hand and outfit of independent power supply utilities, and reliability of the systems and their self-sufficiency from the climatic conditions, on the other hand. Considering this, common process specifications applied to the ambient air contamination control systems do not possess a sufficient potential for their application at offshore facilities. A brief empiric assessment of various concepts for organization of production control of ambient air contamination at oil fields offshore facilities in the North Caspian Sea aquatic area considering their optimistic application and economic feasibility of their application is provided in the analytical review. The ambient air contamination control system including implementation of Lidar complexes for distant reconnaissance is a prevailing trend in the concepts assessed.","PeriodicalId":9640,"journal":{"name":"caspian journal of environmental sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46780021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bashar Tareq Ismael AL-Shandah, H. A. Karaghool, W. Alabdraba
In this study, municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in AL-Dhibaei, Tikrit, Iraq was monitored over a period of one year. The data of raw sewage, which enter WWTP and treated sewage were obtained and investigated. To assess the operational performance of WWTP, the necessary pollutant indicators including biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and dissolved phosphorus (PO4), were examined. The treatment plant reliability factor (RF) was determined in order to indicate an individual pollutant in the effluent sewage according to the permissible concentrations identified by the Iraqi Ministry of Health and Environment. RF values for BOD, COD, and PO4 were 0.56, 0.82, and 0.4, respectively, which indicated proper performance since RF values below 1. In addition, the removal efficiency for (BOD, COD, and PO4), exceeded the minimum required reduction; 43.75, 18.25, and 60.5, respectively. In addition, the stability of mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) to mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) ratio was determined and its variation was in the range of 0.565-1.225, indicating a proper performance. The sludge volume index (SVI) values were below 50 mg L-1 and its range (5.68 – 27.27 mg L-1), which was associated with efficient treatment interpretations at most of the time.
{"title":"Evaluating the efficiency of municipal wastewater treatment plant in AL-Dhibaei, Iraq","authors":"Bashar Tareq Ismael AL-Shandah, H. A. Karaghool, W. Alabdraba","doi":"10.22124/CJES.2021.4950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22124/CJES.2021.4950","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in AL-Dhibaei, Tikrit, Iraq was monitored over a period of one year. The data of raw sewage, which enter WWTP and treated sewage were obtained and investigated. To assess the operational performance of WWTP, the necessary pollutant indicators including biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and dissolved phosphorus (PO4), were examined. The treatment plant reliability factor (RF) was determined in order to indicate an individual pollutant in the effluent sewage according to the permissible concentrations identified by the Iraqi Ministry of Health and Environment. RF values for BOD, COD, and PO4 were 0.56, 0.82, and 0.4, respectively, which indicated proper performance since RF values below 1. In addition, the removal efficiency for (BOD, COD, and PO4), exceeded the minimum required reduction; 43.75, 18.25, and 60.5, respectively. In addition, the stability of mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) to mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) ratio was determined and its variation was in the range of 0.565-1.225, indicating a proper performance. The sludge volume index (SVI) values were below 50 mg L-1 and its range (5.68 – 27.27 mg L-1), which was associated with efficient treatment interpretations at most of the time.","PeriodicalId":9640,"journal":{"name":"caspian journal of environmental sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44374421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aseel M. Aljeboree, I. J. Sahib, Layth S. Jasim, A. Alkaim
Many industrial and chemical dyes are used in many industrial processes, a variety of different uses. Among the most important of these industries, fabric dyeing, many textiles, papermaking, printing and leather processing, and most food products, and other industries, use industrial dyes, and the waste emitted from these dyes in most industries in which most of the polluted waste resulting from these remnants is produced factories. Therefore, the best methods were adopted to treat and dispose of these dyes in order to preserve the aquatic environment .In the current study, the adsorption characteristics of two dyes, Maxillon blue (GRL) and Direct yellow (DY12), from an aqueous solution were evaluated. The effect of several factors, for example, initial concentration, pH solution, temperature, adsorbent mass, and equilibrium time, have been study. The adsorption capacity and percentage of color removed upraised by elevating contact time and surface area, also elevated by the upraised temperature solution for GRL and DY12, and also the adsorption efficiency decreased by the raised adsorbent dosage. The optimum equilibrium for contact time to be completed is found to be (60 min) 1 hour. It is essentially due to the saturation of the active site that does not let further adsorption to take place. The adsorption was proved through utilizing (FT-IR) and (F.E-SEM) analysis. In addition, TGA appears that the NTADCIP/P (AA-co-AM) composite is stable in high temperatures. GRL adsorbent surfaces best adsorption found to be at pH = 10. In fact, adsorption was found to increase through the rise in solution pH. However DY12 maximum dye adsorption was found to be at pH = 3. The applicability of isotherms adsorption to study the adsorption behavior has to been analyzed via isotherm models Freundlech and Langmuir were utilized to illustrate the experimental model and isotherm's constants. It was found the Freundlech model gives the best fits when compare with Langmuer isotherm for two dyes.
{"title":"Introducing a novel chemical method of treatment for dye removal: Removal of Maxillon Blue and Direct Yellow from aqueous solution","authors":"Aseel M. Aljeboree, I. J. Sahib, Layth S. Jasim, A. Alkaim","doi":"10.22124/CJES.2021.4945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22124/CJES.2021.4945","url":null,"abstract":"Many industrial and chemical dyes are used in many industrial processes, a variety of different uses. Among the most important of these industries, fabric dyeing, many textiles, papermaking, printing and leather processing, and most food products, and other industries, use industrial dyes, and the waste emitted from these dyes in most industries in which most of the polluted waste resulting from these remnants is produced factories. Therefore, the best methods were adopted to treat and dispose of these dyes in order to preserve the aquatic environment .In the current study, the adsorption characteristics of two dyes, Maxillon blue (GRL) and Direct yellow (DY12), from an aqueous solution were evaluated. The effect of several factors, for example, initial concentration, pH solution, temperature, adsorbent mass, and equilibrium time, have been study. The adsorption capacity and percentage of color removed upraised by elevating contact time and surface area, also elevated by the upraised temperature solution for GRL and DY12, and also the adsorption efficiency decreased by the raised adsorbent dosage. The optimum equilibrium for contact time to be completed is found to be (60 min) 1 hour. It is essentially due to the saturation of the active site that does not let further adsorption to take place. The adsorption was proved through utilizing (FT-IR) and (F.E-SEM) analysis. In addition, TGA appears that the NTADCIP/P (AA-co-AM) composite is stable in high temperatures. GRL adsorbent surfaces best adsorption found to be at pH = 10. In fact, adsorption was found to increase through the rise in solution pH. However DY12 maximum dye adsorption was found to be at pH = 3. The applicability of isotherms adsorption to study the adsorption behavior has to been analyzed via isotherm models Freundlech and Langmuir were utilized to illustrate the experimental model and isotherm's constants. It was found the Freundlech model gives the best fits when compare with Langmuer isotherm for two dyes.","PeriodicalId":9640,"journal":{"name":"caspian journal of environmental sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49489377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although Azerbaijan is a center of natural distribution and diversity of genus Quercus around the world, less published data can be found about PCR-based genetic diversity in prevalent oak accessions. The present study aims at finding molecular variation among the Quercus species using RAPD markers. In this study, genomic fingerprinting in five Azerbaijan oak species (Quercus spp.) was carried out using 10 RAPD markers. The result showed that a total of 113 DNA fragments were amplified, of those, 91 bands were polymorphic. The highest PIC, EMR and MI values was observed in the primers OPD-05, OPB-01 and OPB-03. The genetic similarity among the genotypes examined ranged from 0.333 to 0.818 with an average of 0.498. Species-specific DNA fragments were found in all species examined. Based on the cluster analysis using UPGMA method and Jaccard’s similarity index, all the examined oak species fell into three main groups and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) supported the clustering result. High genetic diversity was found in the tested genetic germplasm of oak species. The results of this study would be very useful for oak improvement program.
{"title":"Molecular diversity and phylogenetic analysis of Azerbaijan oaks (Quercus spp.) revealed by RAPD markers","authors":"G. Aliyeva, J. Ojaghi, S. Rustamova","doi":"10.22124/CJES.2021.4919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22124/CJES.2021.4919","url":null,"abstract":"Although Azerbaijan is a center of natural distribution and diversity of genus Quercus around the world, less published data can be found about PCR-based genetic diversity in prevalent oak accessions. The present study aims at finding molecular variation among the Quercus species using RAPD markers. In this study, genomic fingerprinting in five Azerbaijan oak species (Quercus spp.) was carried out using 10 RAPD markers. The result showed that a total of 113 DNA fragments were amplified, of those, 91 bands were polymorphic. The highest PIC, EMR and MI values was observed in the primers OPD-05, OPB-01 and OPB-03. The genetic similarity among the genotypes examined ranged from 0.333 to 0.818 with an average of 0.498. Species-specific DNA fragments were found in all species examined. Based on the cluster analysis using UPGMA method and Jaccard’s similarity index, all the examined oak species fell into three main groups and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) supported the clustering result. High genetic diversity was found in the tested genetic germplasm of oak species. The results of this study would be very useful for oak improvement program.","PeriodicalId":9640,"journal":{"name":"caspian journal of environmental sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43766569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Salehi, M. Daryaei, B. Amanzadeh, Seyyed Abdollah Mousavi Koper
Poplar clearwing moth Paranthrene tabaniformis Rott. (Lep.: Sessiidae) is considered as one of the major obstacles affecting the poplar seedlings in nurseries and poplar stands in Iran. In this study, the antixenosis resistance of 12 poplar clones have been studied at Fakhr-Abad Agricultural Research Station in Guilan Province, Iran. This resistance factor was based on the establishment and population density of poplar clearwing moth on the clones in natural conditions. For this purpose, 20 cm-cuttings of the examined species were planted in 9 m2 area plots (three rows with a distance of 1.5 m from each other) at intervals of 20 cm from each other (15 cuttings in each planting row and 45 cuttings in the plot in total) in a randomized complete block design, with three replications. Manuring was performed only once with thrice weeding operations during the growing season (spring 2019). The percentage of infestations by poplar clearwing moth larvae on seedlings and the damage intensity (number of galls formed in each seedling) were recorded. The data were normalized using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The results showed a significant differences in the severity of infestation and the number of galls formed among various clones. The Populus euramericana Blanc du poitou and P. x. ITA.199 are reported as the most sensitive clones to the pest by 87.8% and 83.97% of infestation respectively. Also, P. deltoides 77/51 (known locally as Gildar) and P. x. interamericana by 44.7 % and 51.15% of infestation are considered as the most resistant clones to poplar clearwing moth pest. According to the present findings, the P. x. interamericana and P. deltoides 77/51 clones are suggested for propagation in northern Iran conditions as far as this insect pest is concerned.
{"title":"Antixenosis resistance of one-year-old poplar seedlings of different clones to poplar clearwing moth, Paranthrene tabaniformis Rott. (Lep.: Sessiidae)","authors":"M. Salehi, M. Daryaei, B. Amanzadeh, Seyyed Abdollah Mousavi Koper","doi":"10.22124/CJES.2021.4928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22124/CJES.2021.4928","url":null,"abstract":"Poplar clearwing moth Paranthrene tabaniformis Rott. (Lep.: Sessiidae) is considered as one of the major obstacles affecting the poplar seedlings in nurseries and poplar stands in Iran. In this study, the antixenosis resistance of 12 poplar clones have been studied at Fakhr-Abad Agricultural Research Station in Guilan Province, Iran. This resistance factor was based on the establishment and population density of poplar clearwing moth on the clones in natural conditions. For this purpose, 20 cm-cuttings of the examined species were planted in 9 m2 area plots (three rows with a distance of 1.5 m from each other) at intervals of 20 cm from each other (15 cuttings in each planting row and 45 cuttings in the plot in total) in a randomized complete block design, with three replications. Manuring was performed only once with thrice weeding operations during the growing season (spring 2019). The percentage of infestations by poplar clearwing moth larvae on seedlings and the damage intensity (number of galls formed in each seedling) were recorded. The data were normalized using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The results showed a significant differences in the severity of infestation and the number of galls formed among various clones. The Populus euramericana Blanc du poitou and P. x. ITA.199 are reported as the most sensitive clones to the pest by 87.8% and 83.97% of infestation respectively. Also, P. deltoides 77/51 (known locally as Gildar) and P. x. interamericana by 44.7 % and 51.15% of infestation are considered as the most resistant clones to poplar clearwing moth pest. According to the present findings, the P. x. interamericana and P. deltoides 77/51 clones are suggested for propagation in northern Iran conditions as far as this insect pest is concerned.","PeriodicalId":9640,"journal":{"name":"caspian journal of environmental sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"415-422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49228628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Abdouni, S. Bouhout, I. Merimi, B. Hammouti, K. Haboubi
In the context of the current policy of sustainable management of water resources, the forecasting of pollution risks and the protection of these resources are of paramount importance. For this purpose, the quality of these resources must be safeguarded in the medium and long term. Industrial development in Morocco has made this situation worrying for all socio-economic actors. In recent years, this economic growth has been marked by the establishment of slaughterhouses that discharge their liquid waste into watercourses or sewage networks. These discharges are likely to destabilize the environmental balance in the years to come, hence the need to take responsibility for treating all sources of pollution. The clean-up of these discharges requires several steps from the identification of the various pollutants to their treatment. This is why this initial work was carried out to characterize the wastewater from the Al-Hoceima slaughterhouse and to assess the performance of the treatment plant at this slaughterhouse. The results of the physicochemical analyses showed that the wastewater generated by this slaughterhouse is characterized by a neutral pH of 7.47, a high organic load of 1280 mg O2 L-1 COD, and a remarkable suspended solids content of 259 mL-1. Regarding the performance of the wastewater treatment plant connected to this slaughterhouse; The results show that this plant operates very efficiently, eliminating 65% of the COD, 70.6% of the BOD5 and 65.44% of the TSS, thus eliminating the organic matter, which is 67.82%. For the microbiological charge of these wastewater, the results showed that at the entrance the concentrations of fecal coliforms are 1×106 UFC mL-1, 15×107 UCF mL-1 fecal streptococci and 15×105 for yeast. The effluents discharged by the treatment plant comply with Moroccan standards.
{"title":"Physicochemical characterization of wastewater from the Al-Hoceima slaughterhouse in Morocco","authors":"A. Abdouni, S. Bouhout, I. Merimi, B. Hammouti, K. Haboubi","doi":"10.22124/CJES.2021.4929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22124/CJES.2021.4929","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of the current policy of sustainable management of water resources, the forecasting of pollution risks and the protection of these resources are of paramount importance. For this purpose, the quality of these resources must be safeguarded in the medium and long term. Industrial development in Morocco has made this situation worrying for all socio-economic actors. In recent years, this economic growth has been marked by the establishment of slaughterhouses that discharge their liquid waste into watercourses or sewage networks. These discharges are likely to destabilize the environmental balance in the years to come, hence the need to take responsibility for treating all sources of pollution. The clean-up of these discharges requires several steps from the identification of the various pollutants to their treatment. This is why this initial work was carried out to characterize the wastewater from the Al-Hoceima slaughterhouse and to assess the performance of the treatment plant at this slaughterhouse. The results of the physicochemical analyses showed that the wastewater generated by this slaughterhouse is characterized by a neutral pH of 7.47, a high organic load of 1280 mg O2 L-1 COD, and a remarkable suspended solids content of 259 mL-1. Regarding the performance of the wastewater treatment plant connected to this slaughterhouse; The results show that this plant operates very efficiently, eliminating 65% of the COD, 70.6% of the BOD5 and 65.44% of the TSS, thus eliminating the organic matter, which is 67.82%. For the microbiological charge of these wastewater, the results showed that at the entrance the concentrations of fecal coliforms are 1×106 UFC mL-1, 15×107 UCF mL-1 fecal streptococci and 15×105 for yeast. The effluents discharged by the treatment plant comply with Moroccan standards.","PeriodicalId":9640,"journal":{"name":"caspian journal of environmental sciences","volume":"14 5","pages":"423-429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41293376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shahrzad Barimani, M. Hedayatifard, A. Motamedzadegan, A. Bozorgnia
The objective was to investigate the detailed information about proximate, fatty acid compositions and lipid quality indices in the caviar of wild and farmed beluga, Huso huso from Iran. The fatty acid composition varied with origin of caviars, although did no differ in proximate compositions. The most notable difference (P 0.05). There were significantly differences between samples in the amount of eicosapentaenoic (C20:5n-3), arachidonic (C20:4n-6) and docosapentaenoic (C22:5n-3) acids (P 0.05). Total ω-6 was higher in farmed samples (P 0.05). The present study indicated that, fatty acids profile in beluga caviars can be used as an index to determine fish origin and diet. Also farmed beluga caviar has good balanced with lipid quality indices to decrease the potential risk of coronary heart diseases and like wild ones could be considered as a good food sources.
{"title":"Sturgeon caviar and cardiovascular diseases, Caspian Sea wild and farmed beluga, Huso huso caviar and their lipid quality indices","authors":"Shahrzad Barimani, M. Hedayatifard, A. Motamedzadegan, A. Bozorgnia","doi":"10.22124/CJES.2021.4927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22124/CJES.2021.4927","url":null,"abstract":"The objective was to investigate the detailed information about proximate, fatty acid compositions and lipid quality indices in the caviar of wild and farmed beluga, Huso huso from Iran. The fatty acid composition varied with origin of caviars, although did no differ in proximate compositions. The most notable difference (P 0.05). There were significantly differences between samples in the amount of eicosapentaenoic (C20:5n-3), arachidonic (C20:4n-6) and docosapentaenoic (C22:5n-3) acids (P 0.05). Total ω-6 was higher in farmed samples (P 0.05). The present study indicated that, fatty acids profile in beluga caviars can be used as an index to determine fish origin and diet. Also farmed beluga caviar has good balanced with lipid quality indices to decrease the potential risk of coronary heart diseases and like wild ones could be considered as a good food sources.","PeriodicalId":9640,"journal":{"name":"caspian journal of environmental sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"401-413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45798425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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