Pub Date : 2024-11-16DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2024.105490
Wei He, Jiaqi Li, Qiang Li
The increasing demand for high-density integration and superior performance in electronic devices has led to the adoption of three-dimensional stacking packaging technology. However, this advancement also brings forth complex thermal management challenges. To address these issues, this paper proposes an optimized design of multilayer embedded micro-fins within three-dimensional integrated chips. The placement of micro-fins between the chip layers aims to overcome the inefficiencies of heat transfer from heterogeneous heat sources. A comprehensive simulation model is developed to analyze the heat transfer properties of the proposed design, considering various factors such as interlayer micro-fin rates, shapes, layouts, and sizes. The results demonstrate a significant reduction of 15.2 % in peak temperature compared to the original structure, along with notable improvements in the overall heat transfer efficiency of the interlayer micro-fins, particularly at lower inlet Reynolds numbers. This research provides valuable theoretical insights for the thermal management of three-dimensional stacked chips, offering potential solutions to enhance heat dissipation and optimize chip performance.
{"title":"Optimized design of multilayer embedded micro-fins for enhanced thermal management in three-dimensional stacked chips with heterogeneous heat sources","authors":"Wei He, Jiaqi Li, Qiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2024.105490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2024.105490","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing demand for high-density integration and superior performance in electronic devices has led to the adoption of three-dimensional stacking packaging technology. However, this advancement also brings forth complex thermal management challenges. To address these issues, this paper proposes an optimized design of multilayer embedded micro-fins within three-dimensional integrated chips. The placement of micro-fins between the chip layers aims to overcome the inefficiencies of heat transfer from heterogeneous heat sources. A comprehensive simulation model is developed to analyze the heat transfer properties of the proposed design, considering various factors such as interlayer micro-fin rates, shapes, layouts, and sizes. The results demonstrate a significant reduction of 15.2 % in peak temperature compared to the original structure, along with notable improvements in the overall heat transfer efficiency of the interlayer micro-fins, particularly at lower inlet Reynolds numbers. This research provides valuable theoretical insights for the thermal management of three-dimensional stacked chips, offering potential solutions to enhance heat dissipation and optimize chip performance.","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2024.105400
Fang Liu , Lezhou Xiao , Miaocheng Weng , Yifei Wang , Xiaobai Zhang
The combat effectiveness of special vehicles is related to the comprehensive national strength of the country. In addition to the performance of the vehicle itself, the combat capability of the crew is also crucial, and the work efficiency will affect the combat capability of the crew.
This paper summarizes the effects of thermal and noise environments on crew efficiency and the evaluation methods of work efficiency using special vehicles as experimental platforms. A total of 12 environmental conditions were designed, the experimental temperature covers 25 °C, 29 °C, 33 °C, 37 °C, noise covers 50 dB, 70 dB, 85 dB. The effects of temperature and noise on the physiological, psychological and cognitive abilities of the occupants were quantitatively analyzed through human ergonomics simulation experiments. The results show that the noise has a significant effect on the occupant's work efficiency in a low-temperature environment, while the temperature becomes the dominant influence factor in a high-temperature environment. When operating temperatures reached 29 °C, occupant combat performance was optimal, whereas at 33 °C and above, the efficiency decreased significantly. This research provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the environment of special vehicle cabins, and offers a scientific temperature control scheme to improve the crew's efficiency.
{"title":"Research on the psychology, physiology and cognitive ability of the work efficiency of special vehicle members","authors":"Fang Liu , Lezhou Xiao , Miaocheng Weng , Yifei Wang , Xiaobai Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2024.105400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2024.105400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The combat effectiveness of special vehicles is related to the comprehensive national strength of the country. In addition to the performance of the vehicle itself, the combat capability of the crew is also crucial, and the work efficiency will affect the combat capability of the crew.</div><div>This paper summarizes the effects of thermal and noise environments on crew efficiency and the evaluation methods of work efficiency using special vehicles as experimental platforms. A total of 12 environmental conditions were designed, the experimental temperature covers 25 °C, 29 °C, 33 °C, 37 °C, noise covers 50 dB, 70 dB, 85 dB. The effects of temperature and noise on the physiological, psychological and cognitive abilities of the occupants were quantitatively analyzed through human ergonomics simulation experiments. The results show that the noise has a significant effect on the occupant's work efficiency in a low-temperature environment, while the temperature becomes the dominant influence factor in a high-temperature environment. When operating temperatures reached 29 °C, occupant combat performance was optimal, whereas at 33 °C and above, the efficiency decreased significantly. This research provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the environment of special vehicle cabins, and offers a scientific temperature control scheme to improve the crew's efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 105400"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2024.105491
Shouqiang Sun, Ali B.M. Ali, Hadeel Kareem Abdul-Redha, Saja Mohsen Alardhi, Nafis Ahmad, Dilsora Abduvalieva, Soheil Salahshour, Rozbeh Sabetvand
Studying how polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons transform into soot particles provides insights into factors affecting their formation, composition, and size distribution. Understanding the growth mechanisms of soot from PAHs is crucial for combustion processes and energy efficiency, addressing environmental, health, and energy challenges linked to soot emissions and air pollution. This research aimed to deepen our understanding of these mechanisms by investigating them through molecular dynamics simulations. It used naphthalene as a representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. The study explored the effect of parameters like hydrogen atomic percentage and heat flux on properties, such as interaction energy, center of mass size, and soot mass size. Results show that increasing hydrogen atomic percentage from 5 % to 25 % increases the interaction energy from −0.15 to −0.12 kcal/mol. At the same time, it reduces the center of mass size from 92.31 to 88.27 Å and the soot mass size from 30.13 to 28.30 Å. Moreover, raising external heat flux from 0.01 to 0.05 W/m2 increases the interaction energy from −0.1 to −0.08 kcal/mol, but increases the center of mass size from 88.49 to 90.18 Å and soot mass size from 28.33 to 30.30 Å after 10 ns.
{"title":"Evaluation of the growth process of soot mass due to changes in hydrogen atomic percentage and external heat flux using molecular dynamics simulation","authors":"Shouqiang Sun, Ali B.M. Ali, Hadeel Kareem Abdul-Redha, Saja Mohsen Alardhi, Nafis Ahmad, Dilsora Abduvalieva, Soheil Salahshour, Rozbeh Sabetvand","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2024.105491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2024.105491","url":null,"abstract":"Studying how polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons transform into soot particles provides insights into factors affecting their formation, composition, and size distribution. Understanding the growth mechanisms of soot from PAHs is crucial for combustion processes and energy efficiency, addressing environmental, health, and energy challenges linked to soot emissions and air pollution. This research aimed to deepen our understanding of these mechanisms by investigating them through molecular dynamics simulations. It used naphthalene as a representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. The study explored the effect of parameters like hydrogen atomic percentage and heat flux on properties, such as interaction energy, center of mass size, and soot mass size. Results show that increasing hydrogen atomic percentage from 5 % to 25 % increases the interaction energy from −0.15 to −0.12 kcal/mol. At the same time, it reduces the center of mass size from 92.31 to 88.27 Å and the soot mass size from 30.13 to 28.30 Å. Moreover, raising external heat flux from 0.01 to 0.05 W/m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup> increases the interaction energy from −0.1 to −0.08 kcal/mol, but increases the center of mass size from 88.49 to 90.18 Å and soot mass size from 28.33 to 30.30 Å after 10 ns.","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2024.105475
Shihao Cao , Xijia Zhao , Fangquan Wang , Jianwei Wang , Rongshan Yang
A thorough understanding of the thermophysical properties of phase change materials and the natural convection effect during the phase transition process is crucial for the accurate modeling and designing latent heat storage systems. However, research findings on the thermophysical properties of n-octadecane and the natural convection effect during the solidification process remain insufficient. In this study, the thermophysical properties of n-octadecane, including latent heat, thermal conductivity, density, thermal expansion coefficient and dynamic viscosity, were systematically measured under varying temperature conditions. Subsequently, a comprehensive solidification experiment of n-octadecane in a spherical capsule was conducted to assess the temporal and spatial temperature distribution characteristics and the evolution patterns of the solidification front. Finally, numerical techniques were employed to quantify the impact of natural convection. The results indicate that, the relationship between solidification mass fraction and time follows a quartic polynomial pattern. Based on the temperature curve at the central point, the solidification process of n-octadecane can be divided into four distinct stages. The first two stages account for 98.2 % of the total heat release, with natural convection primarily concentrated in the sensible heat release stage of liquid phase, contributing only 2.3 % to the entire solidification process, making its effect essentially negligible.
{"title":"Experimental investigation on the thermophysical properties and solidification characteristics of n-octadecane in a spherical capsule","authors":"Shihao Cao , Xijia Zhao , Fangquan Wang , Jianwei Wang , Rongshan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2024.105475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2024.105475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A thorough understanding of the thermophysical properties of phase change materials and the natural convection effect during the phase transition process is crucial for the accurate modeling and designing latent heat storage systems. However, research findings on the thermophysical properties of n-octadecane and the natural convection effect during the solidification process remain insufficient. In this study, the thermophysical properties of n-octadecane, including latent heat, thermal conductivity, density, thermal expansion coefficient and dynamic viscosity, were systematically measured under varying temperature conditions. Subsequently, a comprehensive solidification experiment of n-octadecane in a spherical capsule was conducted to assess the temporal and spatial temperature distribution characteristics and the evolution patterns of the solidification front. Finally, numerical techniques were employed to quantify the impact of natural convection. The results indicate that, the relationship between solidification mass fraction and time follows a quartic polynomial pattern. Based on the temperature curve at the central point, the solidification process of n-octadecane can be divided into four distinct stages. The first two stages account for 98.2 % of the total heat release, with natural convection primarily concentrated in the sensible heat release stage of liquid phase, contributing only 2.3 % to the entire solidification process, making its effect essentially negligible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 105475"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2024.105500
Jiran Zhang, Lingling Zhang, Panpan Ren, Wengang Hao, Ao Xu
This article simulates the indoor useful daylight illuminance (UDI), energy consumption, and power generation of photovoltaic (PV) window buildings using EnergyPlus simulation software. Extensive data on these simulation parameters are obtained using parametric simulation software and combined with actual meteorological data. The factors significantly influencing PV window building performance are determined based on ANOVA. A model is developed to predict energy consumption, power generation, and UDI of PV window buildings using a back propagation neural network. For better lighting quality, lower energy consumption, and greater power generation, NSGA-II is introduced to optimize the windows' performance with multi-objective parameters. Moreover, the resulting energy saving rate, annual average power generation growth rate, and UDI growth rate are compared with the initial values to evaluate the effectiveness of the optimal solution. The results demonstrate that the energy saving rate of the building is 18.23 %, and the growth rates of the useful daylight illuminance and power generation reach 41.6 % and 5.12 %, respectively, compared to the initial values.
{"title":"Multi-objective optimization prediction model for building parameters of photovoltaic windows based on NSGA II-BP","authors":"Jiran Zhang, Lingling Zhang, Panpan Ren, Wengang Hao, Ao Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2024.105500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2024.105500","url":null,"abstract":"This article simulates the indoor useful daylight illuminance (UDI), energy consumption, and power generation of photovoltaic (PV) window buildings using EnergyPlus simulation software. Extensive data on these simulation parameters are obtained using parametric simulation software and combined with actual meteorological data. The factors significantly influencing PV window building performance are determined based on ANOVA. A model is developed to predict energy consumption, power generation, and UDI of PV window buildings using a back propagation neural network. For better lighting quality, lower energy consumption, and greater power generation, NSGA-II is introduced to optimize the windows' performance with multi-objective parameters. Moreover, the resulting energy saving rate, annual average power generation growth rate, and UDI growth rate are compared with the initial values to evaluate the effectiveness of the optimal solution. The results demonstrate that the energy saving rate of the building is 18.23 %, and the growth rates of the useful daylight illuminance and power generation reach 41.6 % and 5.12 %, respectively, compared to the initial values.","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since the building industry has grown to be a significant energy user, offering practical solutions can aid in addressing this significant problem. Windows are among the most crucial architectural elements since they let in the majority of the natural light that enters the structure. On the one hand, improper window and associated component design causes the space to overheat and consume more energy; on the other hand, it compromises the inhabitants of the building's thermal and visual comfort. This research presents a novel method for multi-objective optimization of control parameters for smart shade curtains and architectural standards. By using this suggested method, building energy consumption is significantly reduced and thermal and visual comfort are improved. EnergyPlus software is used to run simulations about energy. Subsequently, JEPLUS software has considered 28 design aspects, such as hour groove angle, building cover requirements, material dimensions and specifications, control techniques and adjustment points, and shading position and direction. These simulations are run for nine cities with varying climates in four distinct geographic orientations throughout the year. The program JEPLUS + EA is utilized for data improvement. To extract the ideal points on the Pareto front, the data is optimized using the NSGA-II algorithm. The optimization findings indicate that the inner curtain outperforms the outside curtain. Additionally, the visual comfort improves with a narrower slat angle (SA), but the illumination requires more power. The multi-objective optimization of the controlled blind characteristics yielded results that, depending on the building's geographical orientation, reduced the building's overall energy consumption by 4–30 % annually while improving thermal and visual comfort, with ranges of 64–11 % and 60–81 %, respectively.
{"title":"Multi-objective optimization of office building envelopes properties and Venetian blinds using NSGA-II to save energy consumption and enhance thermal and visual comfort","authors":"Peng liu, Abdullah Abed Hussein, As'ad Alizadeh, Mohammadreza Baghoolizadeh, Gongxing Yan, Mahmood Zargari pour, Tamim Alkhalifah","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2024.105484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2024.105484","url":null,"abstract":"Since the building industry has grown to be a significant energy user, offering practical solutions can aid in addressing this significant problem. Windows are among the most crucial architectural elements since they let in the majority of the natural light that enters the structure. On the one hand, improper window and associated component design causes the space to overheat and consume more energy; on the other hand, it compromises the inhabitants of the building's thermal and visual comfort. This research presents a novel method for multi-objective optimization of control parameters for smart shade curtains and architectural standards. By using this suggested method, building energy consumption is significantly reduced and thermal and visual comfort are improved. EnergyPlus software is used to run simulations about energy. Subsequently, JEPLUS software has considered 28 design aspects, such as hour groove angle, building cover requirements, material dimensions and specifications, control techniques and adjustment points, and shading position and direction. These simulations are run for nine cities with varying climates in four distinct geographic orientations throughout the year. The program JEPLUS + EA is utilized for data improvement. To extract the ideal points on the Pareto front, the data is optimized using the NSGA-II algorithm. The optimization findings indicate that the inner curtain outperforms the outside curtain. Additionally, the visual comfort improves with a narrower slat angle (SA), but the illumination requires more power. The multi-objective optimization of the controlled blind characteristics yielded results that, depending on the building's geographical orientation, reduced the building's overall energy consumption by 4–30 % annually while improving thermal and visual comfort, with ranges of 64–11 % and 60–81 %, respectively.","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2024.105473
Hongwei Feng, Hui Xu, Hongtu Feng, Ying Gao
Although medium and deep ground source heat pump system are more advantageous for heating compared to other heat pump systems in winter, there has been limited researches on medium and deep ground source heat pump system in a cold and arid region. In order to study the heating performance of the system and address heating issues in a cold and arid region, the experimental tests were conducted from November 1, 2021, to March 31, 2022, and the results showed that the heating system operates stably, maintaining indoor heating above 18 °C throughout the day. The average coefficient of performance (COP) is 5.67, and the cumulative power consumption is 185971 kWh. Additionally, this study established a new three-dimensional numerical model of a medium and deep borehole heat exchanger (MDBHE) and validated it with experimental test results. The numerical simulation analyzed the impact of different insulation layers, well diameters, flow rate and well depths on the heat pump performance and heating effectiveness. This experimental research and numerical simulation are significant to promote the development of low-carbon as soon as possible.
{"title":"Numerical simulation and experimental study of medium and deep ground source heat pump system in a cold and arid region","authors":"Hongwei Feng, Hui Xu, Hongtu Feng, Ying Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2024.105473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2024.105473","url":null,"abstract":"Although medium and deep ground source heat pump system are more advantageous for heating compared to other heat pump systems in winter, there has been limited researches on medium and deep ground source heat pump system in a cold and arid region. In order to study the heating performance of the system and address heating issues in a cold and arid region, the experimental tests were conducted from November 1, 2021, to March 31, 2022, and the results showed that the heating system operates stably, maintaining indoor heating above 18 °C throughout the day. The average coefficient of performance (COP) is 5.67, and the cumulative power consumption is 185971 kWh. Additionally, this study established a new three-dimensional numerical model of a medium and deep borehole heat exchanger (MDBHE) and validated it with experimental test results. The numerical simulation analyzed the impact of different insulation layers, well diameters, flow rate and well depths on the heat pump performance and heating effectiveness. This experimental research and numerical simulation are significant to promote the development of low-carbon as soon as possible.","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2024.105497
Alen Cukrov , Darko Landek , Yohei Sato , Ivanka Boras , Bojan Ničeno
This paper presents a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation of the quenching process based on ISO 9950, focusing on the heat flux and heat transfer coefficient integrated over a metal specimen. The numerical method, which employs the two-fluid VOF method and frozen turbulence approach (Cukrov et al., Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 9144), is used for the transient simulation. Since quenching processes involve complex boiling phenomena shifting from film boiling to nucleate boiling, a standard method based on VOF cannot be applied. The comparison of the simulation results with the ones obtained using correlation, and the data obtained using the Inverse Heat Transfer Analysis (IHTA) method have revealed that the proposed method can accurately predict the heat flux and heat transfer coefficient in the film boiling regime of the immersion quenching process. Note that the previous paper (Cukrov et al., Energies. 2023, 16, 7926.) presented the immersion process modeling and the temperature distribution, while the current paper examines the heat transfer characteristics of the immersion quenching process.
{"title":"Numerical simulation of film boiling heat transfer in immersion quenching process using Eulerian two-fluid approach","authors":"Alen Cukrov , Darko Landek , Yohei Sato , Ivanka Boras , Bojan Ničeno","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2024.105497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2024.105497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation of the quenching process based on ISO 9950, focusing on the heat flux and heat transfer coefficient integrated over a metal specimen. The numerical method, which employs the two-fluid VOF method and frozen turbulence approach (Cukrov et al., Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 9144), is used for the transient simulation. Since quenching processes involve complex boiling phenomena shifting from film boiling to nucleate boiling, a standard method based on VOF cannot be applied. The comparison of the simulation results with the ones obtained using correlation, and the data obtained using the Inverse Heat Transfer Analysis (IHTA) method have revealed that the proposed method can accurately predict the heat flux and heat transfer coefficient in the film boiling regime of the immersion quenching process. Note that the previous paper (Cukrov et al., Energies. 2023, 16, 7926.) presented the immersion process modeling and the temperature distribution, while the current paper examines the heat transfer characteristics of the immersion quenching process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 105497"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2024.105420
Yufeng Huang, Xuejian Gong, Zhiyu Lin, Lei Xu
As the extensive application of electrochemical energy storage (EES), Li-ion battery fault is a key factor reference to the reliable operation and system security, influencing by the environment temperature and battery voltage. To address distinct challenges in lithium-ion battery fault prediction, such as nonlinearity and complex electrochemical reactions within battery state sequence data, a novel 1DCNN-Bi-LSTM hybrid network has been proposed to predict the Li-ion battery fault. Firstly, an 1DCNN module is introduced to extract voltage-related multi-dimension features. Secondly, a Bi-LSTM module is used to learn long-term dependence relationships among fused features while integrating a self-attention mechanism. To further verify the algorithm's effectiveness, a new 18650 battery dataset has been set up under various conditions between day and night. The experimental results show that our model has high accuracy and exemplary performance in various environmental temperatures. The prediction errors for comparative experiments are approximately MAPE of 0.03 %, RMSE of 0.0003 %, MAE of 0.12 %, and R2 of 0.99. Compared with mainstream methods, our prediction result is close to true values, performs better at peaks and valleys, and has higher computational efficiency. Considering the temperature factor and voltage variation, our developed method can be effectively applied to battery management system (BMS).
{"title":"A hybrid data-driven method for voltage state prediction and fault warning of Li-ion batteries","authors":"Yufeng Huang, Xuejian Gong, Zhiyu Lin, Lei Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2024.105420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2024.105420","url":null,"abstract":"As the extensive application of electrochemical energy storage (EES), Li-ion battery fault is a key factor reference to the reliable operation and system security, influencing by the environment temperature and battery voltage. To address distinct challenges in lithium-ion battery fault prediction, such as nonlinearity and complex electrochemical reactions within battery state sequence data, a novel 1DCNN-Bi-LSTM hybrid network has been proposed to predict the Li-ion battery fault. Firstly, an 1DCNN module is introduced to extract voltage-related multi-dimension features. Secondly, a Bi-LSTM module is used to learn long-term dependence relationships among fused features while integrating a self-attention mechanism. To further verify the algorithm's effectiveness, a new 18650 battery dataset has been set up under various conditions between day and night. The experimental results show that our model has high accuracy and exemplary performance in various environmental temperatures. The prediction errors for comparative experiments are approximately MAPE of 0.03 %, RMSE of 0.0003 %, MAE of 0.12 %, and R<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup> of 0.99. Compared with mainstream methods, our prediction result is close to true values, performs better at peaks and valleys, and has higher computational efficiency. Considering the temperature factor and voltage variation, our developed method can be effectively applied to battery management system (BMS).","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2024.105488
Khashayar Hosseinzadeh , Mehdi Mahboobtosi , Erfan Paikar , M. Waqas , Morteza Rezvani Gilkolaei , D.D. Ganji
The objective of this study is to enhance the rate of solidification of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) in Latent Thermal Energy Storage Systems (LTESSs) by incorporating hybrid nanoparticles (MoS2-Fe3O4) and utilizing a unique optimized antenna-shaped fin configuration in a triplex-tube energy storage device. The problem was solved by applying the Finite Element Method (FEM), considering some numerical analysis. For studying the effects of a variety of angles and dimensions of antenna-shaped fins with a radiation parameter during the process of solidification, a computational model validated by historical experimental data is developed. This paper will present an analysis of the effect of different angles and dimensions of antenna-shaped fins in conjunction with the radiation parameter during the solidification process. Results show that the full solidification time (FTS) decreases by 51 % when Rd = 1 compared to zero radiation, indicating a significant improvement in the efficiency of the solidification process. Furthermore, at 4000 s, the average temperatures for Rd = 0 and Rd = 1 differ, showing a noticeable drop of 4.51°. Furthermore, using Taguchi and Response Surface Methodology (RSM), the optimal settings were determined to minimize the full solidification time in the triplex-tube LHESS. Interestingly, a highly accurate and precise correlation for FST was established.
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