Pub Date : 2026-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2026.107708
Mosaad R. Sharaby , Joy Djuansjah , Sabbah Ataya , A.W. Kandeal , Abanob Joseph , Mohamed Abdelgaied , Swellam W. Sharshir , Fathallah F. Selim
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Experimental investigation and 4E/2S analyses of evaporative-cooled photovoltaics via waste material” [Case Stud. Therm. Eng. (77), (2026) 107597]","authors":"Mosaad R. Sharaby , Joy Djuansjah , Sabbah Ataya , A.W. Kandeal , Abanob Joseph , Mohamed Abdelgaied , Swellam W. Sharshir , Fathallah F. Selim","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2026.107708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2026.107708","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 107708"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145995391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In response to subgrade frost heave damage in cold regions, an active heating method that utilizes geothermal energy is proposed. By using ground source heat pump technology, a dedicated heat regulation system and a distributed heating scheme are designed for the subgrade. A full-scale subgrade test platform is built to test the heating performance and subgrade thermal regulatory mechanisms of this system in winter. The test results show that in the operation mode with a start: stop ratio of 2 h:1 h, the heat regulation system can reach heat supply temperatures of 17∼33 °C. Moreover, the operating performance under cold winter conditions is stable. The coefficient of performance of the thermal regulation system can exceed 5.8, but it decreases with increasing time. The heat diffusion process from the heat supply pipe to the subgrade exhibits spatial hysteresis. Within 4 d, heat can diffuse in the vertical direction throughout surface layer of the subgrade. Furthermore, the magnitude of the increase in temperature gradually decreases with increasing distance from the heat supply pipe or with increasing time. After 4 d of heating, heat diffuses in the longitudinal direction at a distance of 125 cm in the subgrade. The variation in the freezing depth of the subgrade is controlled by both the atmospheric environment and the thermal regulation system. After 16 d of heating, the freezing depth decreases from 74 cm to less than 17 cm.
{"title":"Thermal Regulation and Frost Control of Subgrade by a Ground Source Heat Pump System","authors":"Tianfei Hu, Rui Yang, Zuren Yue, Song Zhang, Yanqiu Shi, Taofan He, Zhifeng Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2026.107790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2026.107790","url":null,"abstract":"In response to subgrade frost heave damage in cold regions, an active heating method that utilizes geothermal energy is proposed. By using ground source heat pump technology, a dedicated heat regulation system and a distributed heating scheme are designed for the subgrade. A full-scale subgrade test platform is built to test the heating performance and subgrade thermal regulatory mechanisms of this system in winter. The test results show that in the operation mode with a start: stop ratio of 2 h:1 h, the heat regulation system can reach heat supply temperatures of 17∼33 °C. Moreover, the operating performance under cold winter conditions is stable. The coefficient of performance of the thermal regulation system can exceed 5.8, but it decreases with increasing time. The heat diffusion process from the heat supply pipe to the subgrade exhibits spatial hysteresis. Within 4 d, heat can diffuse in the vertical direction throughout surface layer of the subgrade. Furthermore, the magnitude of the increase in temperature gradually decreases with increasing distance from the heat supply pipe or with increasing time. After 4 d of heating, heat diffuses in the longitudinal direction at a distance of 125 cm in the subgrade. The variation in the freezing depth of the subgrade is controlled by both the atmospheric environment and the thermal regulation system. After 16 d of heating, the freezing depth decreases from 74 cm to less than 17 cm.","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146098223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2026.107728
Yuan Gao , Qing Gao , Jianwei Lv
With the diversification and complexity of vehicle thermal management requirements, the integration and control of different subsystems for specific utilizations require effective architectures and methods. This paper proposes a hierarchical control architecture that defines the control logic for multi-system through framework design. Based on this, the study focuses on a multi-system integrated vehicle thermal management system including battery, air conditioner and vehicle refrigerator characterized by low refrigeration temperature and high integration complexity. Through the refrigeration regulation method based on the Variable Openings Valve (VOV) and proposed Compressor-Valve Synergistic Enhancement (CVSE) method, cooling assurance for multi-system is achieved while ensuring the thermal safety of the battery and the comfort of the cabin. Subsequently, by analyzing the operational mode and operational process, the study explored their impact on the temperature system control performance and energy efficiency, thus optimizing the operation of the CVSE method. Furthermore, implement the operation optimization, a multi-criteria fusion control strategy is designed for complex actual loaded operating condition, introducing vehicle speed, ambient conditions, and subsystems temperature as input parameters. The results indicated that compared to conventional strategy that does not utilize operation optimization, the proposed strategy achieved approximately 10.8 % improvement in COP while maintaining effective temperature control under harsh operating conditions, achieving a balance between temperature control effectiveness and energy economy.
{"title":"Study on refrigeration regulation and control optimization for multi-system integrated vehicle thermal management system","authors":"Yuan Gao , Qing Gao , Jianwei Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2026.107728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2026.107728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the diversification and complexity of vehicle thermal management requirements, the integration and control of different subsystems for specific utilizations require effective architectures and methods. This paper proposes a hierarchical control architecture that defines the control logic for multi-system through framework design. Based on this, the study focuses on a multi-system integrated vehicle thermal management system including battery, air conditioner and vehicle refrigerator characterized by low refrigeration temperature and high integration complexity. Through the refrigeration regulation method based on the Variable Openings Valve (VOV) and proposed Compressor-Valve Synergistic Enhancement (CVSE) method, cooling assurance for multi-system is achieved while ensuring the thermal safety of the battery and the comfort of the cabin. Subsequently, by analyzing the operational mode and operational process, the study explored their impact on the temperature system control performance and energy efficiency, thus optimizing the operation of the CVSE method. Furthermore, implement the operation optimization, a multi-criteria fusion control strategy is designed for complex actual loaded operating condition, introducing vehicle speed, ambient conditions, and subsystems temperature as input parameters. The results indicated that compared to conventional strategy that does not utilize operation optimization, the proposed strategy achieved approximately 10.8 % improvement in COP while maintaining effective temperature control under harsh operating conditions, achieving a balance between temperature control effectiveness and energy economy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 107728"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2026.107786
Yassine Bouazzi, Zakarya Ahmed, Ali Basem, As'ad Alizadeh, Mohamed Shaban, Abdellatif M. Sadeq, Walid Aich, Borhen Louhichi
In the present investigation, thermal and mixing efficiencies of the fuel jet behind the strut within combustor of scramjet engine have been extensively investigated. Combination of annular with/without internal air flow in two strut angles of 15° and 7.5 are analyzed via three-dimensional modelling of fuel jet released from single injector. Important flow features and vortex structure are evaluated to reveal the mixing nature of the proposed system. Computational fluid dynamic is used for the modelling of flow in combustor via solving RANS equations with SST turbulence model. The results reveal that the combination of a 7.5° strut angle with an internal air jet results in a 31% improvement over the baseline annular-only case at the same angle, achieving the highest mean mixing index of 0.495. Although the 15° strut with internal air jet produces the highest initial circulation strength (∼0.85), its mixing effect diminishes more rapidly downstream due to strong localized flow separation. In contrast, the 7.5° case with air assist maintains strong and consistent circulation (∼0.60 to 0.30) over a longer distance, leading to superior mixing uniformity. The internal air jet significantly enhances the breakup of the annular jet, introduces central vortices, and increases fuel-air interface area in all cases. These findings demonstrate that an inclined strut with integrated air-assisted annular injection, particularly at moderate angles, offers energy-efficient solution for improving fuel-air mixing in high-speed combustion applications.
{"title":"Fuel Mixing and thermal Enhancement Behind an Inclined Strut in a Supersonic Combustor via single Annular with Air-Assisted Injector","authors":"Yassine Bouazzi, Zakarya Ahmed, Ali Basem, As'ad Alizadeh, Mohamed Shaban, Abdellatif M. Sadeq, Walid Aich, Borhen Louhichi","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2026.107786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2026.107786","url":null,"abstract":"In the present investigation, thermal and mixing efficiencies of the fuel jet behind the strut within combustor of scramjet engine have been extensively investigated. Combination of annular with/without internal air flow in two strut angles of 15° and 7.5 are analyzed via three-dimensional modelling of fuel jet released from single injector. Important flow features and vortex structure are evaluated to reveal the mixing nature of the proposed system. Computational fluid dynamic is used for the modelling of flow in combustor via solving RANS equations with SST turbulence model. The results reveal that the combination of a 7.5° strut angle with an internal air jet results in a 31% improvement over the baseline annular-only case at the same angle, achieving the highest mean mixing index of 0.495. Although the 15° strut with internal air jet produces the highest initial circulation strength (∼0.85), its mixing effect diminishes more rapidly downstream due to strong localized flow separation. In contrast, the 7.5° case with air assist maintains strong and consistent circulation (∼0.60 to 0.30) over a longer distance, leading to superior mixing uniformity. The internal air jet significantly enhances the breakup of the annular jet, introduces central vortices, and increases fuel-air interface area in all cases. These findings demonstrate that an inclined strut with integrated air-assisted annular injection, particularly at moderate angles, offers energy-efficient solution for improving fuel-air mixing in high-speed combustion applications.","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146098226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2026.107714
Yingya Chen , Zelin Chen , Yongxiang Liang , Lei Li , Zhiwei Wang
In low-latitude islands characterized by extreme humidity and heat, effective dehumidification and cooling are essential for indoor environmental comfort. However, energy supply challenges persist due to geographical isolation, necessitating energy-efficient systems with stable operation. This study proposes three dehumidification/cooling systems tailored to such climates, utilizing dual solid desiccant wheels. Comparative analysis revealed the solar-powered two-stage desiccant wheel coupled with mechanical refrigeration (SDW-VCR) system as optimal. After optimization, peak thermodynamic performance (COPth = 1.32) was achieved at a 30 % return air ratio and 85 °C regeneration temperature. The system delivers 57.2 kW total cooling capacity, with the refrigeration unit handling 11.6 kW (20.3 %) of sensible heat. Notably, the condenser inlet air temperature approximates ambient conditions due to high evaporation temperatures, yielding a refrigeration COP of 4.85. Regeneration heating demand was reduced by preheating air through condensation heat recovery. These findings establish a reference framework for sustainable thermal environment management in high-humidity tropical islands.
{"title":"Performance analysis and optimization of two-stage desiccant wheel cooling systems in low-latitude island with hot and humid climate","authors":"Yingya Chen , Zelin Chen , Yongxiang Liang , Lei Li , Zhiwei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2026.107714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2026.107714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In low-latitude islands characterized by extreme humidity and heat, effective dehumidification and cooling are essential for indoor environmental comfort. However, energy supply challenges persist due to geographical isolation, necessitating energy-efficient systems with stable operation. This study proposes three dehumidification/cooling systems tailored to such climates, utilizing dual solid desiccant wheels. Comparative analysis revealed the solar-powered two-stage desiccant wheel coupled with mechanical refrigeration (SDW-VCR) system as optimal. After optimization, peak thermodynamic performance (<em>COP</em><sub><em>th</em></sub> = 1.32) was achieved at a 30 % return air ratio and 85 °C regeneration temperature. The system delivers 57.2 kW total cooling capacity, with the refrigeration unit handling 11.6 kW (20.3 %) of sensible heat. Notably, the condenser inlet air temperature approximates ambient conditions due to high evaporation temperatures, yielding a refrigeration <em>COP</em> of 4.85. Regeneration heating demand was reduced by preheating air through condensation heat recovery. These findings establish a reference framework for sustainable thermal environment management in high-humidity tropical islands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 107714"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146014333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2026.107781
Huu Linh Nguyen, Dongkeun Song, Sy Vong Le, Yoora Choi, Sangseok Yu
{"title":"Analysis of cooling system topology of dual stack proton exchange membrane fuel cell system for heavy-duty truck","authors":"Huu Linh Nguyen, Dongkeun Song, Sy Vong Le, Yoora Choi, Sangseok Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2026.107781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2026.107781","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146095607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2026.107752
Umar Farooq, Yaqiao Han, Tao Liu, Hinza Sultan, Ali Alshamrani
{"title":"Thermal Management of Rocket Nozzles Using MHD Copper-Ionic Liquid Nanofluid in Jeffery-Hamel Flow","authors":"Umar Farooq, Yaqiao Han, Tao Liu, Hinza Sultan, Ali Alshamrani","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2026.107752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2026.107752","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146089240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2026.107778
Ammar Ahmed, Kaleemullah Shaikh, Salim Newaz Kazi, Mohd Nashrul Mohd Zubir, Bee Teng Chew, Rab Nawaz, Samr Ul Hasnain
{"title":"Mitigation of Calcium Sulphate Fouling in a Stainless-steel Tube Heat Exchanger using Titanium Oxide Coating: An Experimental and Numerical Study with Economic and Environmental Implications","authors":"Ammar Ahmed, Kaleemullah Shaikh, Salim Newaz Kazi, Mohd Nashrul Mohd Zubir, Bee Teng Chew, Rab Nawaz, Samr Ul Hasnain","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2026.107778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2026.107778","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146095609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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