Case Studies in Thermal Engineering最新文献

英文中文

Thermal properties and stability of Carica papaya fiber-reinforced MgO particulate epoxy composites for advanced thermal applications

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 THERMODYNAMICS

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2025.105921

Palanivendhan Murugadoss , Sudhakara Reddy M , Sankar Narayan Das , Lakshay Bareja , Gokulnath R , Ruby Mishra , Kamakshi Priya K

Natural fibers are increasingly being explored in the polymer industry to develop sustainable bio-composites with enhanced functional properties. While plant fibers generally suffer from thermal stability limitations, their integration with suitable fillers and resin matrices can significantly enhance their thermal performance, making them viable for engineering applications. This study investigates the fabrication and characterization of Carica papaya (CP) fiber-reinforced epoxy composites integrated with magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles as fillers and epoxy resin as the matrix. Five composite laminate samples were prepared with varying MgO filler weight fractions to assess their impact on the thermal and mechanical performance of the composites. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of C-H stretching vibrations attributed to cellulose in CP fibers, with a crystallinity index of 59.8 %. The composites exhibited strong antibacterial properties, further enhancing their functional appeal. The incorporation of MgO fillers significantly improved both thermal and mechanical properties. Notably, the sample with 25 g of MgO filler achieved substantial enhancements, with mechanical properties improving by an average of 15.5 % and thermal properties by 25.7 %. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed that the thermal stability of the composites ranged between 240 °C and 410 °C, demonstrating a significant improvement over unmodified natural fiber composites. Dynamic mechanical analysis revealed enhanced viscoelastic behavior, indicating better heat resistance and dimensional stability under dynamic thermal loads. Morphological and elemental analyses showed robust interfacial bonding between CP fibers and the MgO-filled matrix, further supporting the material's structural integrity.

{"title":"Thermal properties and stability of Carica papaya fiber-reinforced MgO particulate epoxy composites for advanced thermal applications","authors":"Palanivendhan Murugadoss , Sudhakara Reddy M , Sankar Narayan Das , Lakshay Bareja , Gokulnath R , Ruby Mishra , Kamakshi Priya K","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural fibers are increasingly being explored in the polymer industry to develop sustainable bio-composites with enhanced functional properties. While plant fibers generally suffer from thermal stability limitations, their integration with suitable fillers and resin matrices can significantly enhance their thermal performance, making them viable for engineering applications. This study investigates the fabrication and characterization of <strong><em>Carica papaya</em></strong> (CP) fiber-reinforced epoxy composites integrated with magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles as fillers and epoxy resin as the matrix. Five composite laminate samples were prepared with varying MgO filler weight fractions to assess their impact on the thermal and mechanical performance of the composites. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of C-H stretching vibrations attributed to cellulose in CP fibers, with a crystallinity index of 59.8 %. The composites exhibited strong antibacterial properties, further enhancing their functional appeal. The incorporation of MgO fillers significantly improved both thermal and mechanical properties. Notably, the sample with 25 g of MgO filler achieved substantial enhancements, with mechanical properties improving by an average of 15.5 % and thermal properties by 25.7 %. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed that the thermal stability of the composites ranged between 240 °C and 410 °C, demonstrating a significant improvement over unmodified natural fiber composites. Dynamic mechanical analysis revealed enhanced viscoelastic behavior, indicating better heat resistance and dimensional stability under dynamic thermal loads. Morphological and elemental analyses showed robust interfacial bonding between CP fibers and the MgO-filled matrix, further supporting the material's structural integrity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 105921"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimizing microchannel heat sinks with rhomboid vortex generators: An artificial neural network approach and its application in superconducting synchronous condensers

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 THERMODYNAMICS

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2025.105911

Jiacheng Zhang , Baojun Ge , Jiancheng Zhang , Shiyong Xiao , Abdullah Saeed , Khalid Faisal , Eli Murphy , Karthikeyan Ramanathan

Microchannel heat sinks (MCHSs) have demonstrated their significance in various industrial applications due to their efficient cooling capabilities. Particularly in power systems, they emerge as a potential cooling solution for critical equipment such as superconducting synchronous condensers (SSCs), which is crucial for addressing the increasing challenges of power density and thermal management. This study proposes an optimization model for MCHSs based on an artificial neural network (ANN). By altering the horizontal distance (d_h), vertical distance (d_v), and placement angle (θ) of the rhomboid vortex generators (RVGs), the ANN model is utilized to determine the Nusselt number (Nu) and pressure drop (ΔP) for each MCHS optimization scheme. These results are then compared with numerical simulation outcomes to achieve the objectives of both ideal thermal design (ITD) and ideal overall design (IOD). The findings indicate that the thermal performance of MCHSs is most significantly influenced by the placement angle θ. Compared to the design in the referenced literature, the thermal performance of MCHSs was improved by 37.8 % and 38.9 % with the ITD and IOD designs, respectively. Furthermore, thermal behavior numerical calculations were conducted on an SSC integrated with the optimized MCHS, confirming the potential application value of MCHSs in superconducting power equipment.

{"title":"Optimizing microchannel heat sinks with rhomboid vortex generators: An artificial neural network approach and its application in superconducting synchronous condensers","authors":"Jiacheng Zhang , Baojun Ge , Jiancheng Zhang , Shiyong Xiao , Abdullah Saeed , Khalid Faisal , Eli Murphy , Karthikeyan Ramanathan","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microchannel heat sinks (MCHSs) have demonstrated their significance in various industrial applications due to their efficient cooling capabilities. Particularly in power systems, they emerge as a potential cooling solution for critical equipment such as superconducting synchronous condensers (SSCs), which is crucial for addressing the increasing challenges of power density and thermal management. This study proposes an optimization model for MCHSs based on an artificial neural network (ANN). By altering the horizontal distance (d<sub>h</sub>), vertical distance (d<sub>v</sub>), and placement angle (θ) of the rhomboid vortex generators (RVGs), the ANN model is utilized to determine the Nusselt number (<em>Nu</em>) and pressure drop (ΔP) for each MCHS optimization scheme. These results are then compared with numerical simulation outcomes to achieve the objectives of both ideal thermal design (ITD) and ideal overall design (IOD). The findings indicate that the thermal performance of MCHSs is most significantly influenced by the placement angle θ. Compared to the design in the referenced literature, the thermal performance of MCHSs was improved by 37.8 % and 38.9 % with the ITD and IOD designs, respectively. Furthermore, thermal behavior numerical calculations were conducted on an SSC integrated with the optimized MCHS, confirming the potential application value of MCHSs in superconducting power equipment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 105911"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143446153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced cold storage performance through nano-powder integration in water: A numerical simulation study

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 THERMODYNAMICS

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2025.105893

Badreddine Ayadi , Ali Basem , Ziyad Jamil Talabany , Hussein A.Z. AL-bonsrulah , Moaz Al-lehaibi , Tarek M. Awwad , Ria H. Egami , Lioua Kolsi

This research provides an in-depth simulation of cold energy storage within the freezing phase within an enclosure designed with a complex geometry. The study models transient heat conduction and incorporates tree-shaped fins to direct cold energy into the enclosure's corners. Dispersing nano-powders in water was found to considerably enhance the thermal conductivity of the working fluid. The effects of various nano-powder diameters and fractions were inspected to assess their influence on the solidification process. Temperature distribution and solid fraction contour maps were developed, with the governing equations solved employing the Galerkin approach and validated against existing benchmarks. The findings reveal that water alone required 703.11 s for complete solidification. However, the addition of nano-powders greatly impacted freezing times, with medium-sized powders proving most effective. Initially, larger powders reduced solidification time by 19.98 %, but later led to a 49.28 % increase. Nano-sized powders, in particular, shortened freezing time by approximately 41.22 %, underscoring their effectiveness in accelerating the solidification process.

{"title":"Enhanced cold storage performance through nano-powder integration in water: A numerical simulation study","authors":"Badreddine Ayadi , Ali Basem , Ziyad Jamil Talabany , Hussein A.Z. AL-bonsrulah , Moaz Al-lehaibi , Tarek M. Awwad , Ria H. Egami , Lioua Kolsi","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research provides an in-depth simulation of cold energy storage within the freezing phase within an enclosure designed with a complex geometry. The study models transient heat conduction and incorporates tree-shaped fins to direct cold energy into the enclosure's corners. Dispersing nano-powders in water was found to considerably enhance the thermal conductivity of the working fluid. The effects of various nano-powder diameters and fractions were inspected to assess their influence on the solidification process. Temperature distribution and solid fraction contour maps were developed, with the governing equations solved employing the Galerkin approach and validated against existing benchmarks. The findings reveal that water alone required 703.11 s for complete solidification. However, the addition of nano-powders greatly impacted freezing times, with medium-sized powders proving most effective. Initially, larger powders reduced solidification time by 19.98 %, but later led to a 49.28 % increase. Nano-sized powders, in particular, shortened freezing time by approximately 41.22 %, underscoring their effectiveness in accelerating the solidification process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 105893"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermodynamic case assessment of the micropolar fluid using neural network fitting tool and quasi-linearization technique: An asymmetric channel flow application

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 THERMODYNAMICS

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2025.105874

Syed M. Hussain , Hijaz Ahmad , Hakim AL. Garalleh , Gulnaz Atta , Muhammad Amjad

Asymmetric channel flows incorporating micropolar fluids are applicable in designing lubrication systems for bearings, gears, and seals, especially in industries like automotive and aerospace engineering. This research presents a comprehensive thermodynamic assessment of the micropolar fluid flow in an asymmetric channel using a combination of the neural network fitting tool (NNFT) and the quasi-linearization (QL) technique. The thermodynamic properties, mass transfer characteristics, and flow dynamics of the micro-structured fluid are the main focus of this study. The system of governing equations is transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations that are solved iteratively with the help of QL method. The source parameters of the problem are the Peclet number for heat diffusion, microinertia density, Peclet number for mass diffusion, chemical reaction parameter, spin-gradient viscosity parameter, Reynolds number, vortex viscosity, porosity parameter, and Eckert number. A 10 % increase in the Peclet number

P e_{h}

lead to an increase of 10–25 % in heat transfer rate. In the same way, a 10 % increase in Peclet number

P e_{m}

for mass diffusion changed heat transfer by 1–10 %. The change depends on how strongly mass diffusion affects thermal transport. The NNFT yields accurate predictions of the thermodynamic performance of micropolar fluid flow within an asymmetric channel having permeable walls. The surface drag force is reduced on both channel walls due to the higher values of micropolar material parameters.

{"title":"Thermodynamic case assessment of the micropolar fluid using neural network fitting tool and quasi-linearization technique: An asymmetric channel flow application","authors":"Syed M. Hussain , Hijaz Ahmad , Hakim AL. Garalleh , Gulnaz Atta , Muhammad Amjad","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Asymmetric channel flows incorporating micropolar fluids are applicable in designing lubrication systems for bearings, gears, and seals, especially in industries like automotive and aerospace engineering. This research presents a comprehensive thermodynamic assessment of the micropolar fluid flow in an asymmetric channel using a combination of the neural network fitting tool (NNFT) and the quasi-linearization (QL) technique. The thermodynamic properties, mass transfer characteristics, and flow dynamics of the micro-structured fluid are the main focus of this study. The system of governing equations is transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations that are solved iteratively with the help of QL method. The source parameters of the problem are the Peclet number for heat diffusion, microinertia density, Peclet number for mass diffusion, chemical reaction parameter, spin-gradient viscosity parameter, Reynolds number, vortex viscosity, porosity parameter, and Eckert number. A 10 % increase in the Peclet number <span><math><mrow><mi>P</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> lead to an increase of 10–25 % in heat transfer rate. In the same way, a 10 % increase in Peclet number <span><math><mrow><mi>P</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> for mass diffusion changed heat transfer by 1–10 %. The change depends on how strongly mass diffusion affects thermal transport. The NNFT yields accurate predictions of the thermodynamic performance of micropolar fluid flow within an asymmetric channel having permeable walls. The surface drag force is reduced on both channel walls due to the higher values of micropolar material parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 105874"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance analysis of solar-air source heat pump heating system coupled with sand-based thermal storage floor in rural inner Mongolia, China

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 THERMODYNAMICS

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2025.105886

Pengli Yuan , Feiyang Huang , Lin Duanmu , Caixia Zhu , Huifan Zheng , Peiyu Li , Yongding Cui , Haozhe Li , Ziyang Du

The solar-air source heat pump (SASHP) heating system has gained significant attention in rural clean heating renovations. Nonetheless, the lack of low-cost thermal storage terminals in rural areas results in low energy utilization and high electricity consumption. This study proposes a SASHP system coupled with sand-based thermal storage floor and experimentally evaluates its thermal performance in a rural residence in Inner Mongolia, China. The system performance during the entire heating season was discussed under different operating periods of air source heat pump using TRNSYS models. Results demonstrated the SASHP heating system coupled with sand-based thermal storage floor maintained an average indoor temperature of 18.8 °C, even when the outdoor temperatures ranged from −18.4 °C to 12.3 °C. The average coefficient of performance (COP) and solar fraction of the system are 2.6 and 50.9 %, respectively. Operating the air source heat pump in the daytime (Mode 4) reduced the energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission by 28 % compared to the nighttime operation (Mode 3), with improved the COP and solar fraction. However, operating costs vary significantly with local electricity pricing policies. Without peak-valley pricing, the operating costs in Mode 4 are 28 % lower than that in Mode 3, while the operating costs in Mode 4 are only 2.6 % higher than in Mode 3 with peak-valley pricing. These findings provide a valuable reference for the design and operation optimization of SASHP system, which aims to promote the popularization and application of this system in the field of severe cold rural heating.

{"title":"Performance analysis of solar-air source heat pump heating system coupled with sand-based thermal storage floor in rural inner Mongolia, China","authors":"Pengli Yuan , Feiyang Huang , Lin Duanmu , Caixia Zhu , Huifan Zheng , Peiyu Li , Yongding Cui , Haozhe Li , Ziyang Du","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The solar-air source heat pump (SASHP) heating system has gained significant attention in rural clean heating renovations. Nonetheless, the lack of low-cost thermal storage terminals in rural areas results in low energy utilization and high electricity consumption. This study proposes a SASHP system coupled with sand-based thermal storage floor and experimentally evaluates its thermal performance in a rural residence in Inner Mongolia, China. The system performance during the entire heating season was discussed under different operating periods of air source heat pump using TRNSYS models. Results demonstrated the SASHP heating system coupled with sand-based thermal storage floor maintained an average indoor temperature of 18.8 °C, even when the outdoor temperatures ranged from −18.4 °C to 12.3 °C. The average coefficient of performance (COP) and solar fraction of the system are 2.6 and 50.9 %, respectively. Operating the air source heat pump in the daytime (Mode 4) reduced the energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission by 28 % compared to the nighttime operation (Mode 3), with improved the COP and solar fraction. However, operating costs vary significantly with local electricity pricing policies. Without peak-valley pricing, the operating costs in Mode 4 are 28 % lower than that in Mode 3, while the operating costs in Mode 4 are only 2.6 % higher than in Mode 3 with peak-valley pricing. These findings provide a valuable reference for the design and operation optimization of SASHP system, which aims to promote the popularization and application of this system in the field of severe cold rural heating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 105886"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143446150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Economic- environmental optimization of heat pump-assisted distributed renewable energy systems for building applications

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 THERMODYNAMICS

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2025.105791

Cai Qi , Wan Dan , Tao Hai

The growing emphasis on energy efficiency and carbon emission reduction has positioned integrated distributed energy systems (DES) as a pivotal solution for multi-building applications. This study develops and tests a comprehensive optimization model designed to evaluate the economic and environmental performance of DES. The model integrates critical components, including natural gas turbines, photovoltaic panels, heat pumps, and energy storage systems, to address electrical, thermal, and cooling energy demands. A Pareto Frontier Analysis is employed to balance the dual objectives of minimizing operational costs and reducing carbon emissions. The model is tested under various scenarios to assess the impact of carbon tax rates, natural gas prices, and energy demand profiles. Results demonstrate that DES can achieve significant cost reductions compared to grid dependency, with potential savings of $1913 for office buildings and $3144 for commercial buildings. Sensitivity analyses identify economic thresholds, such as carbon tax rates above $0.061/kg for office buildings and $0.052/kg for commercial buildings, and natural gas prices below $0.37/m³ and $0.40/m³, respectively, to ensure cost-effective operations. Testing further confirms that the integration of energy storage enhances DES performance by stabilizing costs during peak demand periods. By presenting a novel optimization framework, this research provides actionable insights into improving the sustainability and economic viability of distributed energy systems in the context of multi-building energy management.

{"title":"Economic- environmental optimization of heat pump-assisted distributed renewable energy systems for building applications","authors":"Cai Qi , Wan Dan , Tao Hai","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing emphasis on energy efficiency and carbon emission reduction has positioned integrated distributed energy systems (DES) as a pivotal solution for multi-building applications. This study develops and tests a comprehensive optimization model designed to evaluate the economic and environmental performance of DES. The model integrates critical components, including natural gas turbines, photovoltaic panels, heat pumps, and energy storage systems, to address electrical, thermal, and cooling energy demands. A Pareto Frontier Analysis is employed to balance the dual objectives of minimizing operational costs and reducing carbon emissions. The model is tested under various scenarios to assess the impact of carbon tax rates, natural gas prices, and energy demand profiles. Results demonstrate that DES can achieve significant cost reductions compared to grid dependency, with potential savings of $1913 for office buildings and $3144 for commercial buildings. Sensitivity analyses identify economic thresholds, such as carbon tax rates above $0.061/kg for office buildings and $0.052/kg for commercial buildings, and natural gas prices below $0.37/m³ and $0.40/m³, respectively, to ensure cost-effective operations. Testing further confirms that the integration of energy storage enhances DES performance by stabilizing costs during peak demand periods. By presenting a novel optimization framework, this research provides actionable insights into improving the sustainability and economic viability of distributed energy systems in the context of multi-building energy management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 105791"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photovoltaic thermal system design including aquifer thermal energy storage in a fifth generation district heating network in Hilversum

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 THERMODYNAMICS

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2025.105854

Ties Beijneveld, Joel Alpízar-Castillo, Laura Ramírez-Elizondo

The urgent need to address global warming and transition to sustainable energy solutions has driven the development of innovative heating systems. Among those solutions, several district heating alternatives have been proposed to combine heat pumps and thermal energy storage tanks. This paper addresses the integration of photovoltaic thermal systems (PVT) with aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) within a fifth-generation district heating network as an innovative combination to minimise electrical power consumption from the grid, thereby reducing grid dependency and CO

_{2}

emissions. The proposed configuration is tested for the Werfgebied district in Hilversum, the Netherlands A Python model of the multi-energy carrier system is developed to investigate the effects of configuration, storage distribution, and component sizing within the district heating network, embedding the thermal and electrical behaviour of the components and their interaction. The results show that an optimal configuration for the ATES and PVT combination involves a single ATES well rather than distributed thermal energy storage. The results indicate that the aquifer’s size significantly affects the overall operating temperature and its fluctuations. A larger ATES maintains a stable but relatively colder temperature. If constrained by a maximum allowed ATES temperature of 20 °C, the optimal ATES size is 175 000 m³; however, when considering the overall benefit and excluding that constraint, the optimal system size comprises an ATES of 380 000 m³ and an 800 module PVT system, reducing the overall emissions by 856 tonnes of CO₂ equivalent compared to the case without the district heating.

{"title":"Photovoltaic thermal system design including aquifer thermal energy storage in a fifth generation district heating network in Hilversum","authors":"Ties Beijneveld, Joel Alpízar-Castillo, Laura Ramírez-Elizondo","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105854","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The urgent need to address global warming and transition to sustainable energy solutions has driven the development of innovative heating systems. Among those solutions, several district heating alternatives have been proposed to combine heat pumps and thermal energy storage tanks. This paper addresses the integration of photovoltaic thermal systems (PVT) with aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) within a fifth-generation district heating network as an innovative combination to minimise electrical power consumption from the grid, thereby reducing grid dependency and CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> emissions. The proposed configuration is tested for the Werfgebied district in Hilversum, the Netherlands A Python model of the multi-energy carrier system is developed to investigate the effects of configuration, storage distribution, and component sizing within the district heating network, embedding the thermal and electrical behaviour of the components and their interaction. The results show that an optimal configuration for the ATES and PVT combination involves a single ATES well rather than distributed thermal energy storage. The results indicate that the aquifer’s size significantly affects the overall operating temperature and its fluctuations. A larger ATES maintains a stable but relatively colder temperature. If constrained by a maximum allowed ATES temperature of 20 °C, the optimal ATES size is 175 000 m<sup>3</sup>; however, when considering the overall benefit and excluding that constraint, the optimal system size comprises an ATES of 380 000 m<sup>3</sup> and an 800 module PVT system, reducing the overall emissions by 856 tonnes of CO<sub>2</sub> equivalent compared to the case without the district heating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 105854"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Refined generalized theory for thermoelastic waves in a hollow sphere due to maintained constant temperature and radial stress

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 THERMODYNAMICS

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2025.105905

Zahra S. Hafed , Ashraf M. Zenkour

The article introduces thermoelastic waves in a hollow sphere under maintained constant temperature and radial stress. A unified thermal conduction equation is derived due to Green and Naghdi II, III, three-phase-lag, and Lord and Shulman coupled thermoelastic theories. The problem is treated analytically adopting Laplace transform. The analytical explanation of the thermoelastic response of hollow spheres has been obtainable to presume temperature, radial displacement, thermoelastic potential, dilatation, and stresses. A lot of comparisons of the outcomes for the three theories are presented. The effects of two thermoelastic parameters as well as the dimensionless time on the field variables are examined.

引用次数: 0

Transition towards a sustainable campus: Design, implementation, and performance of a 16 MWp solar photovoltaic system

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 THERMODYNAMICS

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2025.105907

Osama Ayadi , Bilal Rinchi , Sahban Alnaser , Mohammed Haj-Ahmed

University campuses resemble small cities in terms of their high energy use intensity. In transitioning toward sustainability, many universities have set ambitious targets to cover their electricity needs through solar energy. This has substantial environmental and economic advantages. Such initiatives bridge the gap between research and practice and extend sustainability to other universities. This paper outlines the design, implementation, and performance of a 16 MWp Photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected system installed on 69 rooftop and 24 car park PV systems at The University of Jordan. The system performance indicators, including generated energy, performance ratio, capacity factor, specific production, and total loss, were simulated using PVsyst and compared with the actual performance of the system using the data of 2023. During this year, the plant generated 25.41 GWh and achieved a performance ratio, capacity factor, and specific production of 77.17 %, 20.18 %, and 1603.24 kWh/kWp, respectively. Further analysis revealed that PV installations in car parks outperformed the rooftop PV systems using the evaluated metrics. The simple payback period was found to be 1.53 years, which is financially attractive. The successful implementation of this project demonstrates the techno-economic benefits of this plant, providing a case study that can be replicated on other campuses.

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引用次数: 0

Exploring Darcy dissipation modulation of nanofluid with titanium dioxide (TiO2) and copper (Cu) for enhanced thermal performance in a vertical sheet

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 THERMODYNAMICS

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2025.105904

P.K. Pattnaik , MD. Shamshuddin , S.R. Mishra , Subhajit Panda

Progressing an effective heat conductivity of base fluids poses a significant challenge faced by industries today, leading to growing interest in nanofluids. As conventional fluids are unsatisfactory for effective heat transmission compared to nanofluids, this article attempts to shed some light on to scrutinize the heat transmission and flow behaviours of nanofluid based on Titanium dioxide and Copper in the context of Darcy dissipation past a vertical stretching sheet. In the context of mathematical modeling, using the correspondence alteration method (similarity transformation), the leading equations were renewed into a system of nonlinear ODEs. The measured results of nonlinear ODEs are solved using the Homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The effects of distinct significant parameters on different distributions are exemplified through the graphs. The skin friction and Nusselt number are computed and compared for the bvp5c and HPM for different parameters. The important and intriguing features of this investigation is that, for dominant estimations of Grashoff number, the nanofluid velocity profile improves. Due to high Lorentz force and porosity effects near the walls of vertical sheet decreases the velocity profile for both Bvp5c and HPM cases. The temperature gets rises with higher values of magnetic, porosity, dissipation, heat generation and Biot factors. Nanoparticles enhance thermal diffusion, leading to steeper temperature gradients. Overall, Runge-Kutta fourth-order provides a highly accurate numerical solution, while HPM offers an efficient analytical approximation.

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