Pub Date : 2016-04-04DOI: 10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3993
M. Miri, S. Shokri, S. Darabi, Mahmood Alipour Heidari, A. Ghalyanchi, M. Karimfar, R. Shirazi
Objective Genitourinary tract infections play a significant role in male infertility. Infections of reproductive sex glands, such as the prostate, impair function and indirectly affect male fertility. The general aim of this study is to investigate the protective effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) on prostatitis in male rats treated with ciprofloxacin (CIPX). Materials and Methods In this experimental study, we randomly divided 72 two male Wistar rats into 9 groups. The groups were treated as follows for 10 days: i. Control (no medication), ii. Sham [(normal saline injection into the vas deferens and oral administration of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)], iii. Ginseng, iv. CPIX, v. CIPX+ginseng, vi. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) (UPEC), vii. UPEC+ginseng, viii. UPEC+CIPX, and ix. UPEC+ginseng+CIPX. The rats were killed 14 days after the last injection and the prostate glands were removed. After sample preparation, routine histology was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method was used to determine the presence of apoptotic cells. Results The severity score for acinar changes and inflammatory cell infiltration in the UPEC+CIPX group did not significantly different from the UPEC group. However this score significantly decreased in the UPEC+CIPX+ginseng group compared to the UPEC group. Apoptotic index of all ginseng treated groups significantly decreased compared to the UPEC and CPIX groups. Conclusion These results suggested that ginseng might be an effective adjunct in CIPX treatment of prostatitis. The combined use ginseng and CIPX was more effective than ginseng or CIPX alone.
{"title":"Efficacy of Compound Therapy by Ginseng and Ciprofloxacin on Bacterial Prostatitis","authors":"M. Miri, S. Shokri, S. Darabi, Mahmood Alipour Heidari, A. Ghalyanchi, M. Karimfar, R. Shirazi","doi":"10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3993","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Genitourinary tract infections play a significant role in male infertility. Infections of reproductive sex glands, such as the prostate, impair function and indirectly affect male fertility. The general aim of this study is to investigate the protective effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) on prostatitis in male rats treated with ciprofloxacin (CIPX). Materials and Methods In this experimental study, we randomly divided 72 two male Wistar rats into 9 groups. The groups were treated as follows for 10 days: i. Control (no medication), ii. Sham [(normal saline injection into the vas deferens and oral administration of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)], iii. Ginseng, iv. CPIX, v. CIPX+ginseng, vi. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) (UPEC), vii. UPEC+ginseng, viii. UPEC+CIPX, and ix. UPEC+ginseng+CIPX. The rats were killed 14 days after the last injection and the prostate glands were removed. After sample preparation, routine histology was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method was used to determine the presence of apoptotic cells. Results The severity score for acinar changes and inflammatory cell infiltration in the UPEC+CIPX group did not significantly different from the UPEC group. However this score significantly decreased in the UPEC+CIPX+ginseng group compared to the UPEC group. Apoptotic index of all ginseng treated groups significantly decreased compared to the UPEC and CPIX groups. Conclusion These results suggested that ginseng might be an effective adjunct in CIPX treatment of prostatitis. The combined use ginseng and CIPX was more effective than ginseng or CIPX alone.","PeriodicalId":9692,"journal":{"name":"Cell Journal (Yakhteh)","volume":"31 1","pages":"103 - 111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79483518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-04DOI: 10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3986
A. Rostami, S. A. Moosavi, Hassan Dianat Moghadam, E. R. Bolookat
Objective Critical macromolecules such as DNA maybe damaged by free radicals that are generated from the interaction of ionizing radiation with biological systems. Melatonin and vitamin C have been shown to be direct free radical scavengers. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vivo/in vitro radioprotective effects of melatonin and vitamin C separately and combined against genotoxicity induced by 6 MV x-ray irradiation in human cultured blood lymphocytes. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, fifteen volunteers were divided into three groups of melatonin, vitamin C and melatonin plus vitamin C treatment. Peripheral blood samples were collected from each group before, and 1, 2 and 3 hours after melatonin and vitamin C administration (separately and combined). The blood samples were then irradiated with 200 cGy of 6 MV x-ray. In order to characterize chromosomal aberrations, the lymphocyte samples were cultured with mitogenic stimulus on cytokinesisblocked binucleated cells. Results The samples collected 1hour after melatonin and vitamin C (separately and combined) ingestion exhibited a significant decrease in the incidence of micronuclei compared with their control group (P<0.05). The maximum synergic protection and reduction in frequency of micronuclei (57%) was observed 1 hour after vitamin C and melatonin administration combined. Conclusion We conclude that simultaneous administration of melatonin and vitamin C as radioprotector substances before irradiation may reduce genotoxicity caused by x-ray irradiation.
{"title":"Micronuclei Assessment of The Radioprotective Effects of Melatonin and Vitamin C in Human Lymphocytes","authors":"A. Rostami, S. A. Moosavi, Hassan Dianat Moghadam, E. R. Bolookat","doi":"10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3986","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Critical macromolecules such as DNA maybe damaged by free radicals that are generated from the interaction of ionizing radiation with biological systems. Melatonin and vitamin C have been shown to be direct free radical scavengers. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vivo/in vitro radioprotective effects of melatonin and vitamin C separately and combined against genotoxicity induced by 6 MV x-ray irradiation in human cultured blood lymphocytes. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, fifteen volunteers were divided into three groups of melatonin, vitamin C and melatonin plus vitamin C treatment. Peripheral blood samples were collected from each group before, and 1, 2 and 3 hours after melatonin and vitamin C administration (separately and combined). The blood samples were then irradiated with 200 cGy of 6 MV x-ray. In order to characterize chromosomal aberrations, the lymphocyte samples were cultured with mitogenic stimulus on cytokinesisblocked binucleated cells. Results The samples collected 1hour after melatonin and vitamin C (separately and combined) ingestion exhibited a significant decrease in the incidence of micronuclei compared with their control group (P<0.05). The maximum synergic protection and reduction in frequency of micronuclei (57%) was observed 1 hour after vitamin C and melatonin administration combined. Conclusion We conclude that simultaneous administration of melatonin and vitamin C as radioprotector substances before irradiation may reduce genotoxicity caused by x-ray irradiation.","PeriodicalId":9692,"journal":{"name":"Cell Journal (Yakhteh)","volume":"23 1","pages":"46 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86012879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-04DOI: 10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3984
E. Poursani, Bahram Mohammad Soltani, S. Mowla
Objective The human OCT4 gene, the most important pluripotency marker, can generate at least three different transcripts (OCT4A, OCT4B, and OCT4B1) by alternative splicing. OCT4A is the main isoform responsible for the stemness property of embryonic stem (ES) cells. There also exist eight processed OCT4 pseudogenes in the human genome with high homology to the OCT4A, some of which are transcribed in various cancers. Recent conflicting reports on OCT4 expression in tumor cells and tissues emphasize the need to discriminate the expression of OCT4A from other variants as well as OCT4 pseudogenes. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, DNA sequencing confirmed the authenticity of transcripts of OCT4 pseudogenes and their expression patterns were investigated in a panel of different human cell lines by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Differential expression of OCT4 pseudogenes in various human cancer and pluripotent cell lines was observed. Moreover, the expression pattern of OCT4-pseudogene 3 (OCT4-pg3) followed that of OCT4A during neural differentiation of the pluripotent cell line of NTERA-2 (NT2). Although OCT4-pg3 was highly expressed in undifferentiated NT2 cells, its expression was rapidly down-regulated upon induction of neural differentiation. Analysis of protein expression of OCT4A, OCT4-pg1, OCT4-pg3, and OCT4-pg4 by Western blotting indicated that OCT4 pseudogenes cannot produce stable proteins. Consistent with a newly proposed competitive role of pseudogene microRNA docking sites, we detected miR-145 binding sites on all transcripts of OCT4 and OCT4 pseudogenes. Conclusion Our study suggests a potential coding-independent function for OCT4 pseudogenes during differentiation or tumorigenesis.
{"title":"Differential Expression of OCT4 Pseudogenes in Pluripotent and Tumor Cell Lines","authors":"E. Poursani, Bahram Mohammad Soltani, S. Mowla","doi":"10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3984","url":null,"abstract":"Objective The human OCT4 gene, the most important pluripotency marker, can generate at least three different transcripts (OCT4A, OCT4B, and OCT4B1) by alternative splicing. OCT4A is the main isoform responsible for the stemness property of embryonic stem (ES) cells. There also exist eight processed OCT4 pseudogenes in the human genome with high homology to the OCT4A, some of which are transcribed in various cancers. Recent conflicting reports on OCT4 expression in tumor cells and tissues emphasize the need to discriminate the expression of OCT4A from other variants as well as OCT4 pseudogenes. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, DNA sequencing confirmed the authenticity of transcripts of OCT4 pseudogenes and their expression patterns were investigated in a panel of different human cell lines by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Differential expression of OCT4 pseudogenes in various human cancer and pluripotent cell lines was observed. Moreover, the expression pattern of OCT4-pseudogene 3 (OCT4-pg3) followed that of OCT4A during neural differentiation of the pluripotent cell line of NTERA-2 (NT2). Although OCT4-pg3 was highly expressed in undifferentiated NT2 cells, its expression was rapidly down-regulated upon induction of neural differentiation. Analysis of protein expression of OCT4A, OCT4-pg1, OCT4-pg3, and OCT4-pg4 by Western blotting indicated that OCT4 pseudogenes cannot produce stable proteins. Consistent with a newly proposed competitive role of pseudogene microRNA docking sites, we detected miR-145 binding sites on all transcripts of OCT4 and OCT4 pseudogenes. Conclusion Our study suggests a potential coding-independent function for OCT4 pseudogenes during differentiation or tumorigenesis.","PeriodicalId":9692,"journal":{"name":"Cell Journal (Yakhteh)","volume":"10 1","pages":"28 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87897829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-04DOI: 10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3980
S. Abhishek, Suresh Palamadai Krishnan
The primary feature of the mammalian skin includes the hair follicle, inter-follicular epidermis and the sebaceous glands, all of which form pilo-sebaceous units. The epidermal protective layer undergoes an ordered/programmed process of proliferation and differentiation, ultimately culminating in the formation of a cornified envelope consisting of enucleated corneocytes. These terminally differentiated cells slough off in a cyclic manner and this process is regulated via induction or repression of epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) genes. These genes, spanning 2 Mb region of human chromosome 1q21, play a crucial role in epidermal development, through various mechanisms. Each of these mechanisms employs a unique chromatin re-modelling factor or an epigenetic modifier. These factors act to regulate epidermal differentiation singly and/or in combination. Diseases like psoriasis and cancer exhibit aberrations in proliferation and differentiation through, in part, dysregulation in these epigenetic mechanisms. Knowledge of the existing mechanisms in the physiological and the aforesaid pathological contexts may not only facilitate drug development, it also can make refinements to the existing drug delivery systems.
{"title":"Epidermal Differentiation Complex: A Review on Its Epigenetic Regulation and Potential Drug Targets","authors":"S. Abhishek, Suresh Palamadai Krishnan","doi":"10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3980","url":null,"abstract":"The primary feature of the mammalian skin includes the hair follicle, inter-follicular epidermis and the sebaceous glands, all of which form pilo-sebaceous units. The epidermal protective layer undergoes an ordered/programmed process of proliferation and differentiation, ultimately culminating in the formation of a cornified envelope consisting of enucleated corneocytes. These terminally differentiated cells slough off in a cyclic manner and this process is regulated via induction or repression of epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) genes. These genes, spanning 2 Mb region of human chromosome 1q21, play a crucial role in epidermal development, through various mechanisms. Each of these mechanisms employs a unique chromatin re-modelling factor or an epigenetic modifier. These factors act to regulate epidermal differentiation singly and/or in combination. Diseases like psoriasis and cancer exhibit aberrations in proliferation and differentiation through, in part, dysregulation in these epigenetic mechanisms. Knowledge of the existing mechanisms in the physiological and the aforesaid pathological contexts may not only facilitate drug development, it also can make refinements to the existing drug delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":9692,"journal":{"name":"Cell Journal (Yakhteh)","volume":"18 2 1","pages":"1 - 6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79380876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-04DOI: 10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3985
Elnaz Amanollahi Kamaneh, K. Shams Asenjan, Ali Akbar Movassaghpour Akbari, Parvin Akbarzadeh Laleh, H. Chavoshi, Jamal Eivazi Ziaei, A. Nikanfar, I. Asvadi Kermani, A. Esfahani
Objective Detection of chromosomal translocations has an important role in diagnosis and treatment of hematological disorders. We aimed to evaluate the 46 new cases of de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients for common translocations and to assess the effect of geographic and ethnic differences on their frequencies. Materials and Methods In this descriptive study, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used on 46 fresh bone marrow or peripheral blood samples to detect translocations t (8; 21), t (15; 17), t (9; 11) and inv (16). Patients were classified using the French-American-British (FAB) criteria in to eight sub-groups (M0-M7). Immunophenotyping and biochemical test results of patients were compared with RT-PCR results. Results Our patients were relatively young with a mean age of 44 years. AML was relatively predominant in female patients (54.3%) and most of patients belonged to AML-M2. Translocation t (8; 21) had the highest frequency (13%) and t (15; 17) with 2.7% incidence was the second most frequent. CD19 as an immunophenotypic marker was at a relatively high frequency (50%) in cases with t (8; 21), and patients with this translocation had a specific immunophenotypic pattern of complete expression of CD45, CD38, CD34, CD33 and HLA-DR. Conclusion Similarities and differences of results in Iran with different parts of the world can be explained with ethnic and geographic factors in characterizations of AML. Recognition of these factors especially in other comprehensive studies may aid better diagnosis and management of this disease.
目的染色体易位检测对血液病的诊断和治疗具有重要意义。我们旨在评估46例新发急性髓性白血病(AML)患者的常见易位，并评估地理和种族差异对易位频率的影响。材料与方法本描述性研究采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测46例新鲜骨髓或外周血易位t (8;21)， t (15);17)， t (9);11)和inv(16)。采用法、美、英(FAB)标准将患者分为8个亚组(M0-M7)。将患者免疫表型和生化检测结果与RT-PCR结果进行比较。结果本组患者年龄相对年轻，平均年龄44岁。AML在女性患者中相对占优势(54.3%)，大多数患者属于AML- m2。易位t (8;21)的频率最高(13%)，t (15);17)，发病率2.7%，其次。CD19作为免疫表型标记物在t (8;21)，这种易位患者具有CD45、CD38、CD34、CD33和HLA-DR完全表达的特异性免疫表型模式。结论伊朗与世界其他地区的结果异同可以用AML的种族和地理因素来解释。认识到这些因素，特别是在其他综合研究中，可能有助于更好地诊断和治疗这种疾病。
{"title":"Characterization of Common Chromosomal Translocations and Their Frequencies in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients of Northwest Iran","authors":"Elnaz Amanollahi Kamaneh, K. Shams Asenjan, Ali Akbar Movassaghpour Akbari, Parvin Akbarzadeh Laleh, H. Chavoshi, Jamal Eivazi Ziaei, A. Nikanfar, I. Asvadi Kermani, A. Esfahani","doi":"10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3985","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Detection of chromosomal translocations has an important role in diagnosis and treatment of hematological disorders. We aimed to evaluate the 46 new cases of de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients for common translocations and to assess the effect of geographic and ethnic differences on their frequencies. Materials and Methods In this descriptive study, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used on 46 fresh bone marrow or peripheral blood samples to detect translocations t (8; 21), t (15; 17), t (9; 11) and inv (16). Patients were classified using the French-American-British (FAB) criteria in to eight sub-groups (M0-M7). Immunophenotyping and biochemical test results of patients were compared with RT-PCR results. Results Our patients were relatively young with a mean age of 44 years. AML was relatively predominant in female patients (54.3%) and most of patients belonged to AML-M2. Translocation t (8; 21) had the highest frequency (13%) and t (15; 17) with 2.7% incidence was the second most frequent. CD19 as an immunophenotypic marker was at a relatively high frequency (50%) in cases with t (8; 21), and patients with this translocation had a specific immunophenotypic pattern of complete expression of CD45, CD38, CD34, CD33 and HLA-DR. Conclusion Similarities and differences of results in Iran with different parts of the world can be explained with ethnic and geographic factors in characterizations of AML. Recognition of these factors especially in other comprehensive studies may aid better diagnosis and management of this disease.","PeriodicalId":9692,"journal":{"name":"Cell Journal (Yakhteh)","volume":"51 1","pages":"37 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81676701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-04DOI: 10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3983
Motahareh Rajabi Fomeshi, Marzieh Ebrahimi, S. Mowla, J. Firouzi, P. Khosravani
Objective Cutaneous melanoma is the most hazardous malignancy of skin cancer with a high mortality rate. It has been reported that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for malignancy in most of cancers including melanoma. The aim of this study is to compare two common methods for melanoma stem cell enriching; isolating based on the CD133 cell surface marker and spheroid cell culture. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, melanoma stem cells were enriched by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) based on the CD133 protein expression and spheroid culture of D10 melanoma cell line,. To determine stemness features, the mRNA expression analysis of ABCG2, c-MYC, NESTIN, OCT4-A and -B genes as well as colony and spheroid formation assays were utilized in unsorted CD133+, CD133- and spheroid cells. Significant differences of the two experimental groups were compared using student’s t tests and a two-tailed value of P<0.05 was statistically considered as a significant threshold. Results Our results demonstrated that spheroid cells had more colony and spheroid forming ability, rather than CD133+ cells and the other groups. Moreover, melanospheres expressed higher mRNA expression level of ABCG2, c-MYC, NESTIN and OCT4-A com- pared to other groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Although CD133+ derived melanoma cells represented stemness fea- tures, our findings demonstrated that spheroid culture could be more effective meth- od to enrich melanoma stem cells.
{"title":"CD133 Is Not Suitable Marker for Isolating Melanoma Stem Cells from D10 Cell Line","authors":"Motahareh Rajabi Fomeshi, Marzieh Ebrahimi, S. Mowla, J. Firouzi, P. Khosravani","doi":"10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3983","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Cutaneous melanoma is the most hazardous malignancy of skin cancer with a high mortality rate. It has been reported that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for malignancy in most of cancers including melanoma. The aim of this study is to compare two common methods for melanoma stem cell enriching; isolating based on the CD133 cell surface marker and spheroid cell culture. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, melanoma stem cells were enriched by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) based on the CD133 protein expression and spheroid culture of D10 melanoma cell line,. To determine stemness features, the mRNA expression analysis of ABCG2, c-MYC, NESTIN, OCT4-A and -B genes as well as colony and spheroid formation assays were utilized in unsorted CD133+, CD133- and spheroid cells. Significant differences of the two experimental groups were compared using student’s t tests and a two-tailed value of P<0.05 was statistically considered as a significant threshold. Results Our results demonstrated that spheroid cells had more colony and spheroid forming ability, rather than CD133+ cells and the other groups. Moreover, melanospheres expressed higher mRNA expression level of ABCG2, c-MYC, NESTIN and OCT4-A com- pared to other groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Although CD133+ derived melanoma cells represented stemness fea- tures, our findings demonstrated that spheroid culture could be more effective meth- od to enrich melanoma stem cells.","PeriodicalId":9692,"journal":{"name":"Cell Journal (Yakhteh)","volume":"7 1","pages":"21 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82965974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-04DOI: 10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3992
M. Shokrzadeh, Hakim H Abdi, Azin Asadollah-Pour, F. Shaki
Objective Hyperglycemia, a common metabolic disorder in diabetes, can lead to oxidative damage. The use of antioxidants can benefit the control and prevention of diabetes side effects. This study aims to evaluate the effect of nanoceria particles, as an antioxidant, on glucose induced cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and glutathione (GSH) content in a human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line (HepG2) cell line. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, we divided HepG2 cells into these groups: i. Cells treated with 5 mM D-glucose (control), ii. Cells treated with 45 mM D- mannitol+5 mM D-glucose (osmotic control), iii. Cells treated with 50 mM D-glucose (high glucose), and iv. Cells treated with 50 mM D-glucose+nanoceria. Cell viability, ROS formation, LPO and GSH were measured and analyzed statistically. Results High glucose (50 mM) treatment caused significant cell death and increased oxidative stress markers in HepG2 cells. Interestingly, nanoceria at a concentration of 50 mM significantly decreased the high glucose-induced cytotoxicity, ROS formation and LPO. This concentration of nanoceria increased the GSH content in HepG2 cells (P<0.05). Conclusion The antioxidant feature of nanoceria particles makes it an attractive candidate for attenuation of hyperglycemia oxidative damage in different organs.
目的高血糖是糖尿病常见的代谢紊乱，可导致氧化损伤。抗氧化剂的使用有利于控制和预防糖尿病的副作用。本研究旨在评价纳米粒作为抗氧化剂对人肝细胞肝癌细胞系(HepG2)中葡萄糖诱导的细胞毒性、活性氧(ROS)、脂质过氧化(LPO)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量的影响。材料与方法在本实验研究中，我们将HepG2细胞分为两组:1 .经5 mM d -葡萄糖处理的细胞(对照组);用45 mM D-甘露醇+5 mM D-葡萄糖(渗透控制)处理的细胞;用50mm d -葡萄糖(高糖)处理的细胞，和用50mm d -葡萄糖+纳米粒处理的细胞。测定细胞活力、ROS形成、LPO和GSH，并进行统计学分析。结果高糖(50 mM)处理导致HepG2细胞明显死亡，氧化应激标志物升高。有趣的是，浓度为50 mM的纳米粒显著降低高糖诱导的细胞毒性、ROS形成和LPO。该浓度的纳米粒使HepG2细胞GSH含量升高(P<0.05)。结论纳米微球的抗氧化特性使其成为抑制不同器官高血糖氧化损伤的理想候选物质。
{"title":"Nanoceria Attenuated High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Damage in HepG2 Cells","authors":"M. Shokrzadeh, Hakim H Abdi, Azin Asadollah-Pour, F. Shaki","doi":"10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3992","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Hyperglycemia, a common metabolic disorder in diabetes, can lead to oxidative damage. The use of antioxidants can benefit the control and prevention of diabetes side effects. This study aims to evaluate the effect of nanoceria particles, as an antioxidant, on glucose induced cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and glutathione (GSH) content in a human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line (HepG2) cell line. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, we divided HepG2 cells into these groups: i. Cells treated with 5 mM D-glucose (control), ii. Cells treated with 45 mM D- mannitol+5 mM D-glucose (osmotic control), iii. Cells treated with 50 mM D-glucose (high glucose), and iv. Cells treated with 50 mM D-glucose+nanoceria. Cell viability, ROS formation, LPO and GSH were measured and analyzed statistically. Results High glucose (50 mM) treatment caused significant cell death and increased oxidative stress markers in HepG2 cells. Interestingly, nanoceria at a concentration of 50 mM significantly decreased the high glucose-induced cytotoxicity, ROS formation and LPO. This concentration of nanoceria increased the GSH content in HepG2 cells (P<0.05). Conclusion The antioxidant feature of nanoceria particles makes it an attractive candidate for attenuation of hyperglycemia oxidative damage in different organs.","PeriodicalId":9692,"journal":{"name":"Cell Journal (Yakhteh)","volume":"84 1","pages":"97 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83867796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-17DOI: 10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3839
Sam Zarbakhsh, N. Goudarzi, M. Shirmohammadi, M. Safari
Objective Bone marrow and umbilical cord stromal cells are multipotential stem cells that have the ability to produce growth factors that play an important role in survival and generation of axons. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of the two different mesenchymal stem cells on peripheral nerve regeneration. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, a 10 mm segment of the left sciatic nerve of male Wistar rats (250-300 g) was removed with a silicone tube interposed into this nerve gap. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and human umbilical cord stromal cells (HUCSCs) were respectively obtained from rat and human. The cells were sepa- rately cultured and transplanted into the nerve gap. The sciatic nerve regeneration was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and light and electron microscopy. Moreover, histo- morphology of the gastrocnemius muscle was observed. Results The nerve regeneration in the BMSCs and HUCSCs groups that had received the stem cells was significantly more favorable than the control group. In addition, the BM- SCs group was significantly more favorable than the HUCSCs group (P<0.05). Conclusion The results of this study suggest that both homograft BMSCs and het- erograft HUCSCs may have the potential to regenerate peripheral nerve injury and transplantation of BMSCs may be more effective than HUCSCs in rat.
{"title":"Histological Study of Bone Marrow and Umbilical Cord Stromal Cell Transplantation in Regenerating Rat Peripheral Nerve","authors":"Sam Zarbakhsh, N. Goudarzi, M. Shirmohammadi, M. Safari","doi":"10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3839","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Bone marrow and umbilical cord stromal cells are multipotential stem cells that have the ability to produce growth factors that play an important role in survival and generation of axons. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of the two different mesenchymal stem cells on peripheral nerve regeneration. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, a 10 mm segment of the left sciatic nerve of male Wistar rats (250-300 g) was removed with a silicone tube interposed into this nerve gap. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and human umbilical cord stromal cells (HUCSCs) were respectively obtained from rat and human. The cells were sepa- rately cultured and transplanted into the nerve gap. The sciatic nerve regeneration was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and light and electron microscopy. Moreover, histo- morphology of the gastrocnemius muscle was observed. Results The nerve regeneration in the BMSCs and HUCSCs groups that had received the stem cells was significantly more favorable than the control group. In addition, the BM- SCs group was significantly more favorable than the HUCSCs group (P<0.05). Conclusion The results of this study suggest that both homograft BMSCs and het- erograft HUCSCs may have the potential to regenerate peripheral nerve injury and transplantation of BMSCs may be more effective than HUCSCs in rat.","PeriodicalId":9692,"journal":{"name":"Cell Journal (Yakhteh)","volume":"184 1","pages":"668 - 677"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73175513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-17DOI: 10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3848
S. Mortazavi, H. Mozdarani
We read with great interest an article by Shokri et al. entitled "Effects of Wi-Fi (2.45 GH z) exposure on apoptosis, sperm parameters and testicular histomorphometry in rats: a time course study" that is published in the latest issue of the Cell Journal (Vol.17, 2015: 322-331). In this article, Shokri et al. have presented their findings obtained in an experiment on an animal model. These researchers exposed rats to the 2.45 GHz radiation in a chamber with two Wi-Fi antennas on opposite walls of a box. The exposed animals in this study showed a decrease in sperm parameters. We have previously shown that exposure to electromagnetic fields generated by Wi-Fi routers or mobile phone jammers can adversely affect the sperm quality (1-3). The paper published by Shokri et al. is seriously flawed. The first major shortcoming of this paper is its exposure geometry. The authors stated that their exposure system was "a chamber (180 cm×80 cm×70 cm), designed for whole-body exposure of free-moving rats to a Wi-Fi signal. Two Wi-Fi antennas (NanoStation Loco M2, 2.45 GHz, 8.5 dBi, Ubiquiti Networks, Inc. USA) were placed at the center of two sides of the chamber". It should be noted that in this case, the power density can be calculated using the below equation: S=P•G/4πR2 Where S=Power density P=Power input to antenna G=Antenna gain In this light, the geometry used in the study of Shokri et al. makes a very inhomogeneous distribution of power densities. The second shortcoming comes from this point that the authors claimed that their study was performed on a basis that could not affect the hormonal balance "A previous study applied a restrainer to fix space between antenna and rat. Since it was a stressful condition that could probably affect hormonal balance of animals, we tried to assess the effect of radiation on the free moving animals". However, these authors only had a control group and did not use a sham-exposed group to control the animals’s stress and its subsequent hormonal changes. Furthermore, another shortcoming comes from this point that "NanoStation Loco M2" is not a standard Wi-Fi router. As manufacturer reports this device is a compact outdoor communication unit that can be used for devices such as cameras "NanoStation Loco M2 is a compact outdoor unit which includes 2×8 dBi antenna (MIMO) for the 2.4 GHz band”. Therefore, it is misleading to claim that in this study the effects of Wi-Fi exposure on apoptosis are investigated and the title of this paper is indeed incorrect "Effects of Wi-Fi (2.45 GH z) exposure on apoptosis, sperm parameters and testicular histomorphometry in rats”. We hope that these comments are helpful to make more reliable results in the future.
我们饶有兴趣地阅读了Shokri等人发表在最新一期Cell Journal (Vol.17, 2015: 322-331)上的一篇文章，题为“Wi-Fi (2.45 GH z)暴露对大鼠细胞凋亡、精子参数和睾丸组织形态学的影响:一项时间过程研究”。在这篇文章中，Shokri等人介绍了他们在动物模型实验中获得的发现。这些研究人员将老鼠置于2.45 GHz的辐射下，在一个盒子的相对墙壁上有两个Wi-Fi天线。在这项研究中暴露的动物显示精子参数下降。我们之前已经证明，暴露在Wi-Fi路由器或移动电话干扰器产生的电磁场中会对精子质量产生不利影响(1-3)。Shokri等人发表的论文存在严重缺陷。本文的第一个主要缺点是其曝光几何。作者表示，他们的暴露系统是“一个室(180 cm×80 cm×70厘米)，设计用于让自由活动的大鼠全身暴露在Wi-Fi信号下。两个Wi-Fi天线(NanoStation Loco M2, 2.45 GHz, 8.5 dBi, Ubiquiti Networks, Inc.)美国)被放置在腔室两侧的中心”。需要注意的是，在这种情况下，功率密度可以用下面的公式来计算:S=P•G/4πR2其中S=功率密度P=天线的输入功率G=天线增益在这种情况下，Shokri等人研究中使用的几何结构使得功率密度的分布非常不均匀。第二个缺点来自于这一点，作者声称他们的研究是在不影响激素平衡的基础上进行的。“之前的一项研究使用了一个约束器来固定天线和老鼠之间的空间。由于这是一种可能影响动物荷尔蒙平衡的压力状态，我们试图评估辐射对自由活动动物的影响。”然而，这些作者只有一个对照组，而没有使用假暴露组来控制动物的压力和随后的激素变化。此外，这一点的另一个缺点是“NanoStation Loco M2”不是标准的Wi-Fi路由器。正如制造商报告的那样，这款设备是一款紧凑的户外通信单元，可用于相机等设备。“NanoStation Loco M2是一款紧凑的户外单元，包括2×8 dBi天线(MIMO)，用于2.4 GHz频段”。因此，本研究中声称研究了Wi-Fi暴露对细胞凋亡的影响是误导的，论文标题“Wi-Fi (2.45 GH z)暴露对大鼠细胞凋亡、精子参数和睾丸组织形态学的影响”确实是错误的。我们希望这些评论对今后得出更可靠的结果有所帮助。
{"title":"Comments on: Effects of Wi-Fi (2.45 GHz) Exposure on Apoptosis, Sperm Parameters and Testicular Histomorphometry in Rats: A Time Course Study","authors":"S. Mortazavi, H. Mozdarani","doi":"10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3848","url":null,"abstract":"We read with great interest an article \u0000by Shokri et al. entitled \"Effects of Wi-Fi \u0000(2.45 GH z) exposure on apoptosis, sperm \u0000parameters and testicular histomorphometry \u0000in rats: a time course study\" that is \u0000published in the latest issue of the Cell \u0000Journal (Vol.17, 2015: 322-331). In this \u0000article, Shokri et al. have presented their \u0000findings obtained in an experiment on an \u0000animal model. These researchers exposed \u0000rats to the 2.45 GHz radiation in a chamber \u0000with two Wi-Fi antennas on opposite \u0000walls of a box. The exposed animals in \u0000this study showed a decrease in sperm \u0000parameters. We have previously shown \u0000that exposure to electromagnetic fields \u0000generated by Wi-Fi routers or mobile \u0000phone jammers can adversely affect the \u0000sperm quality (1-3). The paper published \u0000by Shokri et al. is seriously flawed. The \u0000first major shortcoming of this paper is \u0000its exposure geometry. The authors stated \u0000that their exposure system was \"a chamber \u0000(180 cm×80 cm×70 cm), designed for \u0000whole-body exposure of free-moving rats \u0000to a Wi-Fi signal. Two Wi-Fi antennas \u0000(NanoStation Loco M2, 2.45 GHz, 8.5 \u0000dBi, Ubiquiti Networks, Inc. USA) were \u0000placed at the center of two sides of the \u0000chamber\". It should be noted that in this \u0000case, the power density can be calculated \u0000using the below equation: \u0000S=P•G/4πR2 \u0000Where \u0000S=Power density \u0000P=Power input to antenna \u0000G=Antenna gain \u0000In this light, the geometry used in the \u0000study of Shokri et al. makes a very inhomogeneous \u0000distribution of power densities. \u0000The second shortcoming comes from \u0000this point that the authors claimed that \u0000their study was performed on a basis that \u0000could not affect the hormonal balance \"A \u0000previous study applied a restrainer to fix \u0000space between antenna and rat. Since it \u0000was a stressful condition that could probably \u0000affect hormonal balance of animals, \u0000we tried to assess the effect of radiation \u0000on the free moving animals\". However, \u0000these authors only had a control group \u0000and did not use a sham-exposed group \u0000to control the animals’s stress and its \u0000subsequent hormonal changes. Furthermore, \u0000another shortcoming comes from \u0000this point that \"NanoStation Loco M2\" \u0000is not a standard Wi-Fi router. As manufacturer \u0000reports this device is a compact \u0000outdoor communication unit that can be \u0000used for devices such as cameras \"NanoStation \u0000Loco M2 is a compact outdoor \u0000unit which includes 2×8 dBi antenna \u0000(MIMO) for the 2.4 GHz band”. Therefore, \u0000it is misleading to claim that in this \u0000study the effects of Wi-Fi exposure on \u0000apoptosis are investigated and the title \u0000of this paper is indeed incorrect \"Effects \u0000of Wi-Fi (2.45 GH z) exposure on \u0000apoptosis, sperm parameters and testicular \u0000histomorphometry in rats”. We hope \u0000that these comments are helpful to make \u0000more reliable results in the future.","PeriodicalId":9692,"journal":{"name":"Cell Journal (Yakhteh)","volume":"14 1","pages":"755 - 755"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75969989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-17DOI: 10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3847
Sezen Yılmaz, A. Ustundag, Ozge Cemiloglu Ulker, Y. Duydu
Objective Many studies have been published on the antioxidative effects of boric acid (BA) and sodium borates in in vitro studies. However, the boron (B) concentrations tested in these in vitro studies have not been selected by taking into account the realistic blood B concentrations in humans due to the lack of comprehensive epidemiological studies. The recently published epidemiological studies on B exposure conducted in China and Turkey provided blood B concentrations for both humans in daily life and workers under extreme exposure conditions in occupational setting. The results of these studies have made it possible to test antioxidative effects of BA in in vitro studies within the concentra- tion range relevant to humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective ef- fects of BA against oxidative DNA damage in V79 (Chinese hamster lung fibroblast) cells. The concentrations of BA tested for its protective effect was selected by taking the blood B concentrations into account reported in previously published epidemiological studies. Therefore, the concentrations of BA tested in this study represent the exposure levels for humans in both daily life and occupational settings. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, comet assay and neutral red uptake (NRU) assay methods were used to determinacy to toxicity and genotoxicity of BA and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Results The results of the NRU assay showed that BA was not cytotoxic within the tested concentrations (3, 10, 30, 100 and 200 µM). These non-cytotoxic concentrations were used for comet assay. BA pre-treatment significantly reduced (P<0.05, one-way ANOVA) the DNA damaging capacity of H2O2 at each tested BA concentrations in V79 cells. Conclusion Consequently, pre-incubation of V79 cells with BA has significantly reduced the H2O2-induced oxidative DNA damage in V79 cells. The protective effect of BA against oxidative DNA damage in V79 cells at 5, 10, 50, 100 and 200 μM (54, 108, 540, 1080, and 2161 ng/ml B equivalents) concentrations was proved in this in vitro study.
{"title":"Protective Effect of Boric Acid on Oxidative DNA Damage In Chinese Hamster Lung Fibroblast V79 Cell Lines","authors":"Sezen Yılmaz, A. Ustundag, Ozge Cemiloglu Ulker, Y. Duydu","doi":"10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22074/CELLJ.2016.3847","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Many studies have been published on the antioxidative effects of boric acid (BA) and sodium borates in in vitro studies. However, the boron (B) concentrations tested in these in vitro studies have not been selected by taking into account the realistic blood B concentrations in humans due to the lack of comprehensive epidemiological studies. The recently published epidemiological studies on B exposure conducted in China and Turkey provided blood B concentrations for both humans in daily life and workers under extreme exposure conditions in occupational setting. The results of these studies have made it possible to test antioxidative effects of BA in in vitro studies within the concentra- tion range relevant to humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective ef- fects of BA against oxidative DNA damage in V79 (Chinese hamster lung fibroblast) cells. The concentrations of BA tested for its protective effect was selected by taking the blood B concentrations into account reported in previously published epidemiological studies. Therefore, the concentrations of BA tested in this study represent the exposure levels for humans in both daily life and occupational settings. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, comet assay and neutral red uptake (NRU) assay methods were used to determinacy to toxicity and genotoxicity of BA and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Results The results of the NRU assay showed that BA was not cytotoxic within the tested concentrations (3, 10, 30, 100 and 200 µM). These non-cytotoxic concentrations were used for comet assay. BA pre-treatment significantly reduced (P<0.05, one-way ANOVA) the DNA damaging capacity of H2O2 at each tested BA concentrations in V79 cells. Conclusion Consequently, pre-incubation of V79 cells with BA has significantly reduced the H2O2-induced oxidative DNA damage in V79 cells. The protective effect of BA against oxidative DNA damage in V79 cells at 5, 10, 50, 100 and 200 μM (54, 108, 540, 1080, and 2161 ng/ml B equivalents) concentrations was proved in this in vitro study.","PeriodicalId":9692,"journal":{"name":"Cell Journal (Yakhteh)","volume":"11 22 1","pages":"748 - 754"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90172129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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