Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2168-9296.2020.9.E003
M. Rajam
Cell & Developmental Biology (CDB) is a broad-scope, official peer reviewed journal that publishes innovative research, which welcomes submissions on a wide spectrum of cell and developmental biology. With a collaborative, rigorous and transparent peer-review, the journal produces the highest scientific quality in both fundamental and applied research, and advanced article-level metrics measure the real-time impact and influence of each publication, led by Prof LU Da-Yong and supported by a geographically diverse, highquality editorial board.
{"title":"Cell and Developmental Biology","authors":"M. Rajam","doi":"10.35248/2168-9296.2020.9.E003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2168-9296.2020.9.E003","url":null,"abstract":"Cell & Developmental Biology (CDB) is a broad-scope, official peer reviewed journal that publishes innovative research, which welcomes submissions on a wide spectrum of cell and developmental biology. With a collaborative, rigorous and transparent peer-review, the journal produces the highest scientific quality in both fundamental and applied research, and advanced article-level metrics measure the real-time impact and influence of each publication, led by Prof LU Da-Yong and supported by a geographically diverse, highquality editorial board.","PeriodicalId":9775,"journal":{"name":"Cell & developmental biology","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78855992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2168-9296.20.9.205
G. Nikitha
The weapon splashes a arrangement of cells and water onto harmed skin. While the device is still in its early prototype stages it has successfully treated about a dozen patients in Germany and the U.S. final prototype will hopefully be ready in a few months so it can be tested under clinical trials. Skin cell spraying is not new, it was invented around 20 years ago in Argentina. It is also performed in Australia, it is an electronically, processor- controlled pneumatic device that does not injure the cells during spraying. In the event that a understanding arrives at a clinic lost a sizable parcel of skin, specialists take a test from a sound piece of skin and confine cells, counting stem cells. Then the skin gun comes into play. A specialist loads the stem cells into a sterile syringe, loads the syringe into the spout like a cartridge and splashes the cells specifically onto the wound. The weapon showers stem cells that have been collected from a little, lean layer of skin that has been united from patient’s claim sound skin. The method takes around 90 minutes. Among the modest bunch of patients tried, the beginning recuperating of the wound happened inside two weeks compared to conventional medications, which take months and posture a hazard for patients passing on of disease.
{"title":"Stem Cell Skin Gun Developed for Wound Treatment","authors":"G. Nikitha","doi":"10.35248/2168-9296.20.9.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2168-9296.20.9.205","url":null,"abstract":"The weapon splashes a arrangement of cells and water onto harmed skin. While the device is still in its early prototype stages it has successfully treated about a dozen patients in Germany and the U.S. final prototype will hopefully be ready in a few months so it can be tested under clinical trials. Skin cell spraying is not new, it was invented around 20 years ago in Argentina. It is also performed in Australia, it is an electronically, processor- controlled pneumatic device that does not injure the cells during spraying. In the event that a understanding arrives at a clinic lost a sizable parcel of skin, specialists take a test from a sound piece of skin and confine cells, counting stem cells. Then the skin gun comes into play. A specialist loads the stem cells into a sterile syringe, loads the syringe into the spout like a cartridge and splashes the cells specifically onto the wound. The weapon showers stem cells that have been collected from a little, lean layer of skin that has been united from patient’s claim sound skin. The method takes around 90 minutes. Among the modest bunch of patients tried, the beginning recuperating of the wound happened inside two weeks compared to conventional medications, which take months and posture a hazard for patients passing on of disease.","PeriodicalId":9775,"journal":{"name":"Cell & developmental biology","volume":"93 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79578292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2168-9296.2020.9.209
D. Karuna
Plasma cells are specialized terminally separated B cells that synthesize and emit antibodies to preserve humoral insusceptibility. By the generation of pathogenic antibodies, plasma cells contribute to the advancement of numerous conditions, such as immune system clutters, transplant dismissal and hypersensitivities. Two diverse plasma cell compartments can freely produce distinctive sorts of pathogenic antibodies: (1) short-lived plasmablasts (multiplying forerunners of develop plasma cells) and plasma cells, which live as it were as long as B cells are enacted. Subsequently, these cells cause malady flares that react to immunosuppressive drugs and B cell focusing on treatments. (2) Long-lived non-proliferating memory plasma cells, which survive in specialties in bone marrow and kindled tissues for months, a long time or a lifetime autonomous of B or T cell offer assistance or antigen contact.
{"title":"Plasma cells Autoantibodies and antibody secreting cells","authors":"D. Karuna","doi":"10.35248/2168-9296.2020.9.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2168-9296.2020.9.209","url":null,"abstract":"Plasma cells are specialized terminally separated B cells that synthesize and emit antibodies to preserve humoral insusceptibility. By the generation of pathogenic antibodies, plasma cells contribute to the advancement of numerous conditions, such as immune system clutters, transplant dismissal and hypersensitivities. Two diverse plasma cell compartments can freely produce distinctive sorts of pathogenic antibodies: (1) short-lived plasmablasts (multiplying forerunners of develop plasma cells) and plasma cells, which live as it were as long as B cells are enacted. Subsequently, these cells cause malady flares that react to immunosuppressive drugs and B cell focusing on treatments. (2) Long-lived non-proliferating memory plasma cells, which survive in specialties in bone marrow and kindled tissues for months, a long time or a lifetime autonomous of B or T cell offer assistance or antigen contact.","PeriodicalId":9775,"journal":{"name":"Cell & developmental biology","volume":"50 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80716740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2168-9296.20.9.213
V. Saritha
Amid disease, numerous infections actuate cellular remodelling, coming about within the arrangement of insoluble aggregates/inclusions, ordinarily containing viral basic proteins. Recognizable proof of totals has ended up a valuable demonstrative instrument for certain viral contaminations. There's wide assortment of viral totals, which vary by their area, estimate, substance and putative work. The part of accumulation within the context of a particular infection is frequently ineffectively caught on, particularly within the case of plant infections. The totals are utilized by infections to house a expansive complex of proteins of both viral and have root to advance infection replication, interpretation, intra- and intercellular transportation. Amassed structures may secure viral utilitarian complexes from the cellular corruption apparatus. On the other hand, the actuation of have defence components may include sequestration of infection components in totals, taken after by their neutralization as poisonous for the have cell. The diversity of virus-induced aggregates in mammalian and plant cells is the subject of this review.
{"title":"Virus-Induced Aggregates in Infected Cells","authors":"V. Saritha","doi":"10.35248/2168-9296.20.9.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2168-9296.20.9.213","url":null,"abstract":"Amid disease, numerous infections actuate cellular remodelling, coming about within the arrangement of insoluble aggregates/inclusions, ordinarily containing viral basic proteins. Recognizable proof of totals has ended up a valuable demonstrative instrument for certain viral contaminations. There's wide assortment of viral totals, which vary by their area, estimate, substance and putative work. The part of accumulation within the context of a particular infection is frequently ineffectively caught on, particularly within the case of plant infections. The totals are utilized by infections to house a expansive complex of proteins of both viral and have root to advance infection replication, interpretation, intra- and intercellular transportation. Amassed structures may secure viral utilitarian complexes from the cellular corruption apparatus. On the other hand, the actuation of have defence components may include sequestration of infection components in totals, taken after by their neutralization as poisonous for the have cell. The diversity of virus-induced aggregates in mammalian and plant cells is the subject of this review.","PeriodicalId":9775,"journal":{"name":"Cell & developmental biology","volume":"88 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78966001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2168-9296.20.9.210
S. Varma
Poised (bivalent) chromatin is characterized by the concurrent nearness of histone adjustments related with both quality enactment and suppression. This epigenetic include was to begin with watched at promoters of lineagespecific administrative qualities in embryonic stem cells in culture. More later work has appeared that, in vivo, mammalian germ cells keep up balanced chromatin at promoters of numerous qualities that direct substantial advancement, which they hold this state from fetal stages through meiosis and gametogenesis. We hypothesize that the balanced chromatin state is fundamental for germ cell personality and work. We propose three parts for poised chromatin within the mammalian germ line: anticipation of DNA methylation, upkeep of germ cell character and preparation for totipotency. We talk about these parts within the setting of as of late proposed models for germline power and epigenetic legacy.
{"title":"Balanced Chromatin within the Germ (Human) Line","authors":"S. Varma","doi":"10.35248/2168-9296.20.9.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2168-9296.20.9.210","url":null,"abstract":"Poised (bivalent) chromatin is characterized by the concurrent nearness of histone adjustments related with both quality enactment and suppression. This epigenetic include was to begin with watched at promoters of lineagespecific administrative qualities in embryonic stem cells in culture. More later work has appeared that, in vivo, mammalian germ cells keep up balanced chromatin at promoters of numerous qualities that direct substantial advancement, which they hold this state from fetal stages through meiosis and gametogenesis. We hypothesize that the balanced chromatin state is fundamental for germ cell personality and work. We propose three parts for poised chromatin within the mammalian germ line: anticipation of DNA methylation, upkeep of germ cell character and preparation for totipotency. We talk about these parts within the setting of as of late proposed models for germline power and epigenetic legacy.","PeriodicalId":9775,"journal":{"name":"Cell & developmental biology","volume":"31 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88124842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2168-9296.20.9.214
M. Arifuzzaman, F. Hasan
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally since its discovery in Hubei province, China in December 2019. It has already been announced as a pandemic disease by world health organization (WHO). This disease is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is an enveloped RNA virus and highly contagious. This is a new coronavirus, still changing, and put the scientific authority in a puzzle. The fatality rate of COVID-19 is higher compared to other coronavirus diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). The outbreak of COVID-19 has created a severe threat to public health across the world. In this review, we render an overview of COVID-19 disease such as origin and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2, clinical manifestations along with complications, diagnosis and treatment actions as well as preventive measures to control viral transmission.
{"title":"Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome – Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2; Coronavirus Disease-19): An overview of Structure, Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Treatment","authors":"M. Arifuzzaman, F. Hasan","doi":"10.35248/2168-9296.20.9.214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2168-9296.20.9.214","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally since its discovery in Hubei province, China in December 2019. It has already been announced as a pandemic disease by world health organization (WHO). This disease is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is an enveloped RNA virus and highly contagious. This is a new coronavirus, still changing, and put the scientific authority in a puzzle. The fatality rate of COVID-19 is higher compared to other coronavirus diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). The outbreak of COVID-19 has created a severe threat to public health across the world. In this review, we render an overview of COVID-19 disease such as origin and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2, clinical manifestations along with complications, diagnosis and treatment actions as well as preventive measures to control viral transmission.","PeriodicalId":9775,"journal":{"name":"Cell & developmental biology","volume":"75 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80519189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2168-9296.20.9.202
K. Iteire, Adejumo A Adenike, Tebamifor T Witness, O. Oyiborhoro
Purpose: The use of pesticides and their potential impact on public health are of great concern. Recent studies on the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases have suggested that chronic exposure to pyrethroids could be associated with alterations in the central auditory pathways. This study was therefore aimed at evaluating the neurotoxicity of pyrethroids on the intracranial auditory relay-centers in adult wistar rats. Methods: Forty adult wistar rats of both sexes with average weight of 180g were assigned into five groups (n=8). Groups A, B, and C were treated with known pyrethroids formulation containing Cyfluthrin, Imiprothrin, and Prallethrin, diluted with olive oil to form 25%, 50% and 75% concentrations. Groups D and E were administered distilled water and olive oil once treatment negative and positive controls, respectively. The treatment lasted for duration of forty days. At the end of the duration, all animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, after which the inferior colliculi (IC), medial geniculate bodies (MGB) and cerebellum were harvested for histology and immuno histochemistry using calbindin and palvalbumin antibodies. Results: Histologically, there was slight degeneration of neuronal cells and vacuolated cytoplasm, dispersed distribution of nissl bodies in several cells of MGB and IC of the treated groups compared to the controls. In the cerebellum, there was abnormal proliferation of cells in the purkinje layer with poor distribution of nissl bodies when compared to control groups. Immuno histochemistry further revealed decreased immuno-reactivity of Calbindin2 and Parvalbumin in the treated tissues compared to the control groups. Conclusion: Pyrethroids influences motor coordination and balance of rats, and also the function of the auditory relay-centres.
{"title":"Immunotoxicological Investigation of The Intracranial Auditory Centers In Pyrethroids Formulation Treated Wistar Rat","authors":"K. Iteire, Adejumo A Adenike, Tebamifor T Witness, O. Oyiborhoro","doi":"10.35248/2168-9296.20.9.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2168-9296.20.9.202","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The use of pesticides and their potential impact on public health are of great concern. Recent studies on the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases have suggested that chronic exposure to pyrethroids could be associated with alterations in the central auditory pathways. This study was therefore aimed at evaluating the neurotoxicity of pyrethroids on the intracranial auditory relay-centers in adult wistar rats. Methods: Forty adult wistar rats of both sexes with average weight of 180g were assigned into five groups (n=8). Groups A, B, and C were treated with known pyrethroids formulation containing Cyfluthrin, Imiprothrin, and Prallethrin, diluted with olive oil to form 25%, 50% and 75% concentrations. Groups D and E were administered distilled water and olive oil once treatment negative and positive controls, respectively. The treatment lasted for duration of forty days. At the end of the duration, all animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, after which the inferior colliculi (IC), medial geniculate bodies (MGB) and cerebellum were harvested for histology and immuno histochemistry using calbindin and palvalbumin antibodies. Results: Histologically, there was slight degeneration of neuronal cells and vacuolated cytoplasm, dispersed distribution of nissl bodies in several cells of MGB and IC of the treated groups compared to the controls. In the cerebellum, there was abnormal proliferation of cells in the purkinje layer with poor distribution of nissl bodies when compared to control groups. Immuno histochemistry further revealed decreased immuno-reactivity of Calbindin2 and Parvalbumin in the treated tissues compared to the control groups. Conclusion: Pyrethroids influences motor coordination and balance of rats, and also the function of the auditory relay-centres.","PeriodicalId":9775,"journal":{"name":"Cell & developmental biology","volume":"21 7","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91484974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tissue Banking and Transplantation: Role of Governments, International Organizations, and Regional Professional Associations","authors":"Capolupo Gt, G. Mascianá, M. Caricato","doi":"10.36959/596/445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/596/445","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9775,"journal":{"name":"Cell & developmental biology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89982238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.24105/2168-9296.2019.8.200
S. Shostak
The separation of the somatic and germ lines in biology is a classic case of finding differences where there are none. August Weismann [1,2] can be blamed for claiming a fundamental difference between an immortal germ line and a mortal somatic line, but germ cells, like somatic cells live and die in a mortal context. The germ line is a tissue that gives rise to sex cells much like somatic lines give rise to their somatic products. Those germ cells that undergo meiosis and successful fertilization start new somatic and germ lines (i.e., the differentiation of cell lines including germ cells) and so do unfertilized eggs developing parthenogenically in plants and a variety of animals including amphibians, reptiles, and birds [3].
{"title":"The Will to Bud","authors":"S. Shostak","doi":"10.24105/2168-9296.2019.8.200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24105/2168-9296.2019.8.200","url":null,"abstract":"The separation of the somatic and germ lines in biology is a classic case of finding differences where there are none. August Weismann [1,2] can be blamed for claiming a fundamental difference between an immortal germ line and a mortal somatic line, but germ cells, like somatic cells live and die in a mortal context. The germ line is a tissue that gives rise to sex cells much like somatic lines give rise to their somatic products. Those germ cells that undergo meiosis and successful fertilization start new somatic and germ lines (i.e., the differentiation of cell lines including germ cells) and so do unfertilized eggs developing parthenogenically in plants and a variety of animals including amphibians, reptiles, and birds [3].","PeriodicalId":9775,"journal":{"name":"Cell & developmental biology","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80883318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.24105/2168-9296.2019.8.199
S. Shostak
I want to take issue with static concepts of origins. Predecessors of what exists at present are not necessarily what came first. It isn’t as if the problem of identifying origins is unique to biology. Western culture is dominated by concepts of origins firmly rooted in the present. Historically, Western religions have assigned priority to what exists by anointing it with attributes of origins and characterizing these attributes as fundamental. God, after all, is said to have created man in his image amounting to a first among firsts. At the expense of God’s image, symgiogeny theory flies in the face of the rule that what is must have its origin in something similar that came before. My object here is to examine how originary prejudices distort questions of origins and the attributes of ancestors. I’m especially eager to strip away notions of original characteristics from present organisms. I want to imagine what was different in the past.
{"title":"On the Ambiguity of Firsts: Symbiogeny and Evolutionary Creativity","authors":"S. Shostak","doi":"10.24105/2168-9296.2019.8.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24105/2168-9296.2019.8.199","url":null,"abstract":"I want to take issue with static concepts of origins. Predecessors of what exists at present are not necessarily what came first. It isn’t as if the problem of identifying origins is unique to biology. Western culture is dominated by concepts of origins firmly rooted in the present. Historically, Western religions have assigned priority to what exists by anointing it with attributes of origins and characterizing these attributes as fundamental. God, after all, is said to have created man in his image amounting to a first among firsts. At the expense of God’s image, symgiogeny theory flies in the face of the rule that what is must have its origin in something similar that came before. My object here is to examine how originary prejudices distort questions of origins and the attributes of ancestors. I’m especially eager to strip away notions of original characteristics from present organisms. I want to imagine what was different in the past.","PeriodicalId":9775,"journal":{"name":"Cell & developmental biology","volume":"51 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83254008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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