Pub Date : 2023-07-29DOI: 10.9734/csji/2023/v32i5855
S. A. Olugbemi, L. O. Adebayo, S. Adewuyi
Iodine is an essential ingredient in thyroid hormones of which both low and high intakes may cause thyroid disease. This study develops a Pyrrole-2-Carboxaldehyde functionalized chitosan-Cu(II) Complex [PCAFC-Cu(II)] chemosensor, for quick and easy detection of iodide ions from its aqueous solutions. PCAFC-Cu(II) complex was synthesized from a simple condensation reaction of chitosan (CS) and pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde (PCA) along with an aqueous solution of copper(II) salt. The starting materials and the products were characterized by spectroscopic (FT-IR and UV-Visible), X-ray powder diffraction, and microscopic methods (Scanning Electron Microscopy). The PCAFC-Cu(II) colorimetric sensing of I- revealed a color change adduced to the formation of a hydrogen bond or deprotonation of the complex matrix. Colorimetric detection for I- ions was obtained with a detection limit (LoD) of 0.005 M and the complex has high specificity for I- ions detection from a solution consisting of several anions. The synthesized complex [PCAFC-Cu(II)] could serve as an on-site reagent for the qualitative detection of iodide ions.
碘是甲状腺激素的重要成分，摄入过多或过少都可能导致甲状腺疾病。本研究开发了一种吡咯-2-甲醛功能化壳聚糖- cu (II)配合物[PCAFC-Cu(II)]化学传感器，用于快速简便地检测其水溶液中的碘离子。以壳聚糖(CS)和吡咯-2-甲醛(PCA)为原料，在铜(II)盐水溶液中进行缩合反应，合成了PCAFC-Cu(II)配合物。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)和紫外可见光谱(UV-Visible)、x射线粉末衍射(xrd)和扫描电镜(sem)对原料和产物进行了表征。PCAFC-Cu(II)对I-的比色检测显示，由于氢键的形成或配合物基体的去质子化而引起的颜色变化。该配合物对I离子的比色检测限(LoD)为0.005 M，对由多个阴离子组成的溶液中I离子的检测具有很高的特异性。合成的配合物[PCAFC-Cu(II)]可作为碘离子定性检测的现场试剂。
{"title":"A New Pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde Functionalized Chitosan-Cu(II) Complex-based Chemosensor for Iodide Anion in Aqueous Media","authors":"S. A. Olugbemi, L. O. Adebayo, S. Adewuyi","doi":"10.9734/csji/2023/v32i5855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/csji/2023/v32i5855","url":null,"abstract":"Iodine is an essential ingredient in thyroid hormones of which both low and high intakes may cause thyroid disease. This study develops a Pyrrole-2-Carboxaldehyde functionalized chitosan-Cu(II) Complex [PCAFC-Cu(II)] chemosensor, for quick and easy detection of iodide ions from its aqueous solutions. PCAFC-Cu(II) complex was synthesized from a simple condensation reaction of chitosan (CS) and pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde (PCA) along with an aqueous solution of copper(II) salt. The starting materials and the products were characterized by spectroscopic (FT-IR and UV-Visible), X-ray powder diffraction, and microscopic methods (Scanning Electron Microscopy). The PCAFC-Cu(II) colorimetric sensing of I- revealed a color change adduced to the formation of a hydrogen bond or deprotonation of the complex matrix. Colorimetric detection for I- ions was obtained with a detection limit (LoD) of 0.005 M and the complex has high specificity for I- ions detection from a solution consisting of several anions. The synthesized complex [PCAFC-Cu(II)] could serve as an on-site reagent for the qualitative detection of iodide ions.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78171041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-29DOI: 10.9734/csji/2023/v32i5856
Long Shen, Y. Kim, Dong-Ju Lee, Tae‐Dong Kim
Recently, researches on molecular engineering of PEDOT:PSS is being actively conducted to improve the electrical conductivity and device performance. In this paper, we prepared and characterized a series of PSS substituted with alkyl sulfonate (PSS-co-PA3, PSS-co-PA5, PSS-co-PA10, and PSS-co-PA30) proceeding to prepare PEDOT:PSS/graphene oxide (GO) aerogels with different amounts of alkyl sulfonate functional groups that could be applied to supercapacitor electrodes. The introduction of alkyl sulfonate groups in PSS can enhance its solubility due to the flexible alkyl sulfonate groups. The cycle stability of supercapacitors using PEDOT:PSS-co-PA30/rGO electrode (88%) was improved compared to that of Clevios 4083/rGO electrode (53%) after 5000 cycles.
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of PEDOT: PSS-PAs with Good Electrical Conductivity for Supercapacitor","authors":"Long Shen, Y. Kim, Dong-Ju Lee, Tae‐Dong Kim","doi":"10.9734/csji/2023/v32i5856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/csji/2023/v32i5856","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, researches on molecular engineering of PEDOT:PSS is being actively conducted to improve the electrical conductivity and device performance. In this paper, we prepared and characterized a series of PSS substituted with alkyl sulfonate (PSS-co-PA3, PSS-co-PA5, PSS-co-PA10, and PSS-co-PA30) proceeding to prepare PEDOT:PSS/graphene oxide (GO) aerogels with different amounts of alkyl sulfonate functional groups that could be applied to supercapacitor electrodes. The introduction of alkyl sulfonate groups in PSS can enhance its solubility due to the flexible alkyl sulfonate groups. The cycle stability of supercapacitors using PEDOT:PSS-co-PA30/rGO electrode (88%) was improved compared to that of Clevios 4083/rGO electrode (53%) after 5000 cycles.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91498052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-28DOI: 10.9734/csji/2023/v32i4854
Idongesit V. Edet, T. Akpomie, A. Augustine, Teghtegh. F. Samoh, Ekponoudim J. Ekam, Dumebi D. Nzegbuna
The extensive applicability of cassava and its derivatives in various industries in Nigeria is constantly increasing, thus the necessity to evaluate the chemical composition in order to ascertain the nutritional value of these products. This study investigated and compared the proximate composition of eight samples of processed cassava products (Niji® Foods Cassava Flour, IFGREEN® Odourless Fufu Flour, Ayoola® Fufu Flour, Aiteefills® Fufu flour, Niji® Foods Garri, Golden Penny Garri, GGEE® foods Ijebu Garri and local brand cassava starch) obtained from supermarkets and local markets in Lafia town from January to March, 2023 using standard official methods for proximate analysis. The results were analyzed by Minitab version 20.0 by one way ANOVA and pair-wise comparison was made post hoc using Tukey t-tests. The moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fibre, crude fats and carbohydrate ranged from 4.34 – 12.70 %, 0.34 – 1.63 %, 1.30 – 10.06 %, 0.02 – 0.81 %, 4.01 – 12.53 % and 70.83 – 85.73 %. The study revealed that the results of the proximate composition in all the samples varied significantly (P ≤ .05). Crude protein and Crude fibre contents in all the samples agreed with the recommended limits by FAO/WHO and SON. The high moisture content in Aiteefills Fufu Flour may impart a shorter shelf life on the product. Findings from the study also suggested the possibility of formation of metal-ion pigment complexes in GGEE® foods Ijebu Garri, Ayoola® Fufu Flour, Niji® Foods Cassava Flour and Local Brand Cassava Starch due to high ash contents. However, all samples meet the basic nutritional requirements for crude protein, crude fibre, fats and carbohydrate contents in cassava products. The study recommended regular routine proximate composition checks on new and existing products available to consumers to further maintain high nutritional standards in processed cassava products.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis on the Proximate Composition of Processed Cassava Products Obtained from January to March, 2023 in Lafia Town, Nigeria","authors":"Idongesit V. Edet, T. Akpomie, A. Augustine, Teghtegh. F. Samoh, Ekponoudim J. Ekam, Dumebi D. Nzegbuna","doi":"10.9734/csji/2023/v32i4854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/csji/2023/v32i4854","url":null,"abstract":"The extensive applicability of cassava and its derivatives in various industries in Nigeria is constantly increasing, thus the necessity to evaluate the chemical composition in order to ascertain the nutritional value of these products. This study investigated and compared the proximate composition of eight samples of processed cassava products (Niji® Foods Cassava Flour, IFGREEN® Odourless Fufu Flour, Ayoola® Fufu Flour, Aiteefills® Fufu flour, Niji® Foods Garri, Golden Penny Garri, GGEE® foods Ijebu Garri and local brand cassava starch) obtained from supermarkets and local markets in Lafia town from January to March, 2023 using standard official methods for proximate analysis. The results were analyzed by Minitab version 20.0 by one way ANOVA and pair-wise comparison was made post hoc using Tukey t-tests. The moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fibre, crude fats and carbohydrate ranged from 4.34 – 12.70 %, 0.34 – 1.63 %, 1.30 – 10.06 %, 0.02 – 0.81 %, 4.01 – 12.53 % and 70.83 – 85.73 %. The study revealed that the results of the proximate composition in all the samples varied significantly (P ≤ .05). Crude protein and Crude fibre contents in all the samples agreed with the recommended limits by FAO/WHO and SON. The high moisture content in Aiteefills Fufu Flour may impart a shorter shelf life on the product. Findings from the study also suggested the possibility of formation of metal-ion pigment complexes in GGEE® foods Ijebu Garri, Ayoola® Fufu Flour, Niji® Foods Cassava Flour and Local Brand Cassava Starch due to high ash contents. However, all samples meet the basic nutritional requirements for crude protein, crude fibre, fats and carbohydrate contents in cassava products. The study recommended regular routine proximate composition checks on new and existing products available to consumers to further maintain high nutritional standards in processed cassava products.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82806357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-22DOI: 10.9734/csji/2023/v32i4853
D. Okoro, Ikyaahemba Philip Tordue
A study was carried out to examine the effect of seasonal variation on some soil chemical properties under different land-use in Nembe, Bayelsa State-Nigeria. The objective was to evaluate changes in soil nutrient contents in both wet and dry seasons. A total of eighteen soil samples were collected at 0-30 cm depths in August, 2017 (Wet Season) and March, 2018 (dry season) in natural forest, oil palm plantation and arable land-use and analyzed for pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), exchangeable cations (Ca, Na, K and Mg), and cation exchange capacity (CEC) using standard analytical methods. Results showed that soil pH was highest (4.2) under oil palm plantation in the wet season, while high content of N 0.52 mg/kg was recorded during the wet season in all the thee-land use. Organic carbon was highest 1.69 mg/kg in natural forest, followed by 1.39 and 1.04 mg/kg for oil palm plantation and arable land use. Maximum value of P 0.22 mg/kg was observed under natural forest during the dry season, and the minimum was recorded under arable land use during the wet season. The concentration of exchangeable Ca was highest 0.3 mg/kg in the oil palm plantation, while Na was highest 2.19 mg/kg for natural forest, 1.26 and 1.06 mg/kg for oil palm plantation and arable land use. The CEC values of the soils in the natural forest were moderately high, followed by oil palm plantation and arable land use in the wet season; whereas low CEC values were observed across the three-land use in the dry season. The study concluded that soil nutrients were more available during the wet season than in the dry season in the various land use, probably due to adequate soil moisture availability in the wet season that facilitates soil nutrient release, this implies that chemical properties of soils were influenced by seasonal changes which could in turn affect agricultural production. It is recommended that crop production is encouraged in the wet season than in the dry season so as to utilize more availability of soil nutrients.
{"title":"Effects of Seasonal Variation on some Soil Chemical Properties under Different Land Use in Santa Barbara, Bayelsa State-Nigeria","authors":"D. Okoro, Ikyaahemba Philip Tordue","doi":"10.9734/csji/2023/v32i4853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/csji/2023/v32i4853","url":null,"abstract":"A study was carried out to examine the effect of seasonal variation on some soil chemical properties under different land-use in Nembe, Bayelsa State-Nigeria. The objective was to evaluate changes in soil nutrient contents in both wet and dry seasons. A total of eighteen soil samples were collected at 0-30 cm depths in August, 2017 (Wet Season) and March, 2018 (dry season) in natural forest, oil palm plantation and arable land-use and analyzed for pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), exchangeable cations (Ca, Na, K and Mg), and cation exchange capacity (CEC) using standard analytical methods. Results showed that soil pH was highest (4.2) under oil palm plantation in the wet season, while high content of N 0.52 mg/kg was recorded during the wet season in all the thee-land use. Organic carbon was highest 1.69 mg/kg in natural forest, followed by 1.39 and 1.04 mg/kg for oil palm plantation and arable land use. Maximum value of P 0.22 mg/kg was observed under natural forest during the dry season, and the minimum was recorded under arable land use during the wet season. The concentration of exchangeable Ca was highest 0.3 mg/kg in the oil palm plantation, while Na was highest 2.19 mg/kg for natural forest, 1.26 and 1.06 mg/kg for oil palm plantation and arable land use. The CEC values of the soils in the natural forest were moderately high, followed by oil palm plantation and arable land use in the wet season; whereas low CEC values were observed across the three-land use in the dry season. The study concluded that soil nutrients were more available during the wet season than in the dry season in the various land use, probably due to adequate soil moisture availability in the wet season that facilitates soil nutrient release, this implies that chemical properties of soils were influenced by seasonal changes which could in turn affect agricultural production. It is recommended that crop production is encouraged in the wet season than in the dry season so as to utilize more availability of soil nutrients.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88203622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-20DOI: 10.9734/csji/2023/v32i4852
M. Koné, Georges Stéphane Dembélé, B. Ouattara, Adama Niaré, N’nan Akau Amandine Kouamé, P. Karamanis, N. Ziao
Cancer is any disease characterised by the rapid proliferation of abnormal cells in normal body tissue. Recent years have been marked by an increase in the number of cases of cancer, particularly that of the prostate. Cancer can affect any part of the body. Despite the efforts made in the fight against cancer in recent years, the objectives set by the WHO and the various supervisory centers in the countries have not been achieved, because the technical strategy for the fight against cancer in no way guarantees a cure without risk of relapse for patients in general, regardless of the continent. Today, we can offer models of molecules for therapeutic purposes using quantum chemical methods such as molecular modeling to predict better activity or by designing new molecules that are more active than existing ones. To this end, our work consists in setting up a mathematical model between the potential of the inhibitory concentration (pIC50) and the descriptors such as the frequency of vibration υ(N-N), the angle of valence α(N-N-C) and the standard entropy of formation (ΔfS0). This model is confirmed by very good indicators displaying the following values (R2= 0.9108; S= 0.1044; F=20.425) for the MLR model and (R2=0.920; S=0.1393; F=92.823) for the MNLR model. Moreover, these models allowed us to conclude that the vibration frequency υ(N-N) is the priority descriptor in the prediction of the antiproliferative activities of dihydropyrazole derivatives.
{"title":"Modeling of a Series of Dihydropyrazole Derivatives with Antiproliferative Activity by Quantum Chemical Methods","authors":"M. Koné, Georges Stéphane Dembélé, B. Ouattara, Adama Niaré, N’nan Akau Amandine Kouamé, P. Karamanis, N. Ziao","doi":"10.9734/csji/2023/v32i4852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/csji/2023/v32i4852","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is any disease characterised by the rapid proliferation of abnormal cells in normal body tissue. \u0000Recent years have been marked by an increase in the number of cases of cancer, particularly that of the prostate. Cancer can affect any part of the body. Despite the efforts made in the fight against cancer in recent years, the objectives set by the WHO and the various supervisory centers in the countries have not been achieved, because the technical strategy for the fight against cancer in no way guarantees a cure without risk of relapse for patients in general, regardless of the continent. Today, we can offer models of molecules for therapeutic purposes using quantum chemical methods such as molecular modeling to predict better activity or by designing new molecules that are more active than existing ones. To this end, our work consists in setting up a mathematical model between the potential of the inhibitory concentration (pIC50) and the descriptors such as the frequency of vibration υ(N-N), the angle of valence α(N-N-C) and the standard entropy of formation (ΔfS0). This model is confirmed by very good indicators displaying the following values (R2= 0.9108; S= 0.1044; F=20.425) for the MLR model and (R2=0.920; S=0.1393; F=92.823) for the MNLR model. Moreover, these models allowed us to conclude that the vibration frequency υ(N-N) is the priority descriptor in the prediction of the antiproliferative activities of dihydropyrazole derivatives.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88865322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.9734/csji/2023/v32i4851
F. González-Zavala, M. Martínez-García, L. E. Alarcón, T. Klimova
TiO2 nanotubes were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and modified with different amounts of gold nanoparticles by deposition-precipitation with urea. The catalysts were characterized to determine the effect of the presence of Au nanoparticles on the physico-chemical characteristics of the materials and their electron storage capability. Raman spectroscopy revealed the transformation of the trititanate structure into the titania anatase domains upon gold deposition. This transformation was enhanced by an increase in Au loading and the thermal treatment of the materials. The size of Au nanoparticles increased upon the reduction treatment. The presence of Au nanoparticles produced a slight narrowing of the energy bandgap of the titania nanotubular material and had an important effect on its photoluminescence properties, important for some practical applications. Photoluminescence spectroscopy showed that the presence of Au nanoparticles on the surface of titania nanotubes significantly delayed electron-hole recombination and increased the ability of materials for charge separation. Superior performance of Au-containing titania nanotubes was illustrated by the evaluation of their photocatalytic activity. Au-containing titania nanotubes showed enhanced photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue dye in aqueous solutions upon UV irradiation compared to the pristine nanotubes and the titania Degussa P25.
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Titania Nanotubes with Au Nanoparticles","authors":"F. González-Zavala, M. Martínez-García, L. E. Alarcón, T. Klimova","doi":"10.9734/csji/2023/v32i4851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/csji/2023/v32i4851","url":null,"abstract":"TiO2 nanotubes were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and modified with different amounts of gold nanoparticles by deposition-precipitation with urea. The catalysts were characterized to determine the effect of the presence of Au nanoparticles on the physico-chemical characteristics of the materials and their electron storage capability. Raman spectroscopy revealed the transformation of the trititanate structure into the titania anatase domains upon gold deposition. This transformation was enhanced by an increase in Au loading and the thermal treatment of the materials. The size of Au nanoparticles increased upon the reduction treatment. The presence of Au nanoparticles produced a slight narrowing of the energy bandgap of the titania nanotubular material and had an important effect on its photoluminescence properties, important for some practical applications. Photoluminescence spectroscopy showed that the presence of Au nanoparticles on the surface of titania nanotubes significantly delayed electron-hole recombination and increased the ability of materials for charge separation. Superior performance of Au-containing titania nanotubes was illustrated by the evaluation of their photocatalytic activity. Au-containing titania nanotubes showed enhanced photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue dye in aqueous solutions upon UV irradiation compared to the pristine nanotubes and the titania Degussa P25.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74548567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-05DOI: 10.9734/csji/2023/v32i4850
Lusi Mustika Sari, Y. Rilda, Armaini
The effect of different calcination temperatures on molecular structure, morphology, and antioxidant activity was investigated for Zinc Oxide nanoparticles synthesized using the sol-gel method and the capping agent Spirulina platensis. The prepared nanoparticle ZnO was calcined at 160°C, 300°C, and 600°C according to the results of the DTA-TGA analysis. The effect of different calcination temperatures on the characterization of the prepared samples was studied using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM). In addition, the potential antioxidant activity of ZnO nanoparticles was investigated using the DPPH method. The results showed that FT-IR and XRD confirmed the presence of ZnO nanoparticles with good purity and small crystal size found in calcified ZnO nanoparticles at 600°C. FE-SEM confirmed the morphology ZnO nanoparticle produced at 600°C calcination are spherics, cubes, and nanorods with different particle sizes with range 50 – 150 nm. ZnO nanoparticles calcined at 600°C also showed higher antioxidant activity when compared to other calcination temperatures.
{"title":"Biosynthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Spirulina platensis Based on Calcination Temperature Changes and Its Antioxidant Activity","authors":"Lusi Mustika Sari, Y. Rilda, Armaini","doi":"10.9734/csji/2023/v32i4850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/csji/2023/v32i4850","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of different calcination temperatures on molecular structure, morphology, and antioxidant activity was investigated for Zinc Oxide nanoparticles synthesized using the sol-gel method and the capping agent Spirulina platensis. The prepared nanoparticle ZnO was calcined at 160°C, 300°C, and 600°C according to the results of the DTA-TGA analysis. The effect of different calcination temperatures on the characterization of the prepared samples was studied using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM). In addition, the potential antioxidant activity of ZnO nanoparticles was investigated using the DPPH method. The results showed that FT-IR and XRD confirmed the presence of ZnO nanoparticles with good purity and small crystal size found in calcified ZnO nanoparticles at 600°C. FE-SEM confirmed the morphology ZnO nanoparticle produced at 600°C calcination are spherics, cubes, and nanorods with different particle sizes with range 50 – 150 nm. ZnO nanoparticles calcined at 600°C also showed higher antioxidant activity when compared to other calcination temperatures.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82758440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.9734/csji/2023/v32i3849
M. Jafarov, V. Yevdokymenko, D. Kamenskyh, K. Rustamov, Z. A. Jafarov
The developed and software-implemented simplified three-dimensional mathematical model of the unsteady-state process of HFS desublimation into immersible vertical tanks with vertical finning is described. The study of regularities in the HFS desublimation process is performed by mathematical modeling. This algorithm has been implemented as an application package with a user-friendly interface. As a result, we have developed a two-dimensional non-stationary mathematical model of HFS desublimation in a reservoir consisting of several tanks, taking into account the presence of HPS convection and desublimation on the bottom wall of the tank, as well as the ellipticity of the upper and lower walls of the tank, which allows us to calculate a collector of any capacity, consisting of tanks of various types.
{"title":"Mathematical Modeling of Hexafluorsilicate Ammonia Desublimation","authors":"M. Jafarov, V. Yevdokymenko, D. Kamenskyh, K. Rustamov, Z. A. Jafarov","doi":"10.9734/csji/2023/v32i3849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/csji/2023/v32i3849","url":null,"abstract":"The developed and software-implemented simplified three-dimensional mathematical model of the unsteady-state process of HFS desublimation into immersible vertical tanks with vertical finning is described. The study of regularities in the HFS desublimation process is performed by mathematical modeling. This algorithm has been implemented as an application package with a user-friendly interface. As a result, we have developed a two-dimensional non-stationary mathematical model of HFS desublimation in a reservoir consisting of several tanks, taking into account the presence of HPS convection and desublimation on the bottom wall of the tank, as well as the ellipticity of the upper and lower walls of the tank, which allows us to calculate a collector of any capacity, consisting of tanks of various types.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85236257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.9734/csji/2023/v32i3848
Narmada Vallakeerthi, R. Swetha, T. Tejaswi, Ravinder Nath ANISETTI, K. Bhavyasri, N. N. Reddy, P. M. Reddy
Place of Study: Department of Pharmacy, University College of Technology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana. Aim: The present study is describing about the development of a new RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of Bilastine and Montelukast in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (AI) and commercial formulations. Methodology: In the present investigation, an Inertsil ODS C18 column dimensions of 250 mm length x 4.6 Internal diameter x 5-micron particle size has been chosen. Phosphate buffer and acetonitrile were opted as isocratic mobile phase at a ratio of 30:70, with a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The pH of the developed buffer was maintained at 4.6 and the temperature was set at room temperature. The wavelength of Bilastine and Montelukast was observed at 260 nm. For both Bilastine and Montelukast the retention time has been observed at 2.319 and 4.299 minute correspondingly. The percentage purity of both the drugs was found to be 100.6 % and 100.3 % correspondingly. The developed method satisfied all the system suitability parameters for Bilastine and Montelukast and the observed values for theoretical plates were found to be 1.3 and 1.4 respectively, tailing factor were found to be 5117.5 and 3877.8 respectively with a resolution of 9.0. Results: Finally, the method was validated by parameters such as precision, accuracy, robustness and ruggedness. The linearity and range were from 1-5µg and 100-500 µg concentrations series, the correlation coefficient for both the drugs was noted to be 0.999 while the mean percentage recovery was observed at 100.1 percent & 100.4 percent. The % RSD for repeatability was found to be 0.31 and 0.38. The % RSD of intermediate precision was found to be 0.12 & 0.15 correspondingly. The LOD values were found as 2.94, 3.03 and for the LOQ values were found as 9.87, 10.1. Conclusion: The developed method which was validated was observed to be novel, accurate, simple, robust, precise, repeatable for the present study with a suitable RP-HPLC technique to concurrently determine Bilastine and Montelukast present in the commercial formulation. This developed method is useful on daily basis due to their accurate results, reproducibility, robustness for the estimation of samples in routine quality control departments.
{"title":"Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Bilastine and Montelukast in Tablet Dosage Form","authors":"Narmada Vallakeerthi, R. Swetha, T. Tejaswi, Ravinder Nath ANISETTI, K. Bhavyasri, N. N. Reddy, P. M. Reddy","doi":"10.9734/csji/2023/v32i3848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/csji/2023/v32i3848","url":null,"abstract":"Place of Study: Department of Pharmacy, University College of Technology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana. \u0000Aim: The present study is describing about the development of a new RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of Bilastine and Montelukast in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (AI) and commercial formulations. \u0000Methodology: In the present investigation, an Inertsil ODS C18 column dimensions of 250 mm length x 4.6 Internal diameter x 5-micron particle size has been chosen. Phosphate buffer and acetonitrile were opted as isocratic mobile phase at a ratio of 30:70, with a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The pH of the developed buffer was maintained at 4.6 and the temperature was set at room temperature. The wavelength of Bilastine and Montelukast was observed at 260 nm. For both Bilastine and Montelukast the retention time has been observed at 2.319 and 4.299 minute correspondingly. The percentage purity of both the drugs was found to be 100.6 % and 100.3 % correspondingly. The developed method satisfied all the system suitability parameters for Bilastine and Montelukast and the observed values for theoretical plates were found to be 1.3 and 1.4 respectively, tailing factor were found to be 5117.5 and 3877.8 respectively with a resolution of 9.0. \u0000Results: Finally, the method was validated by parameters such as precision, accuracy, robustness and ruggedness. The linearity and range were from 1-5µg and 100-500 µg concentrations series, the correlation coefficient for both the drugs was noted to be 0.999 while the mean percentage recovery was observed at 100.1 percent & 100.4 percent. The % RSD for repeatability was found to be 0.31 and 0.38. The % RSD of intermediate precision was found to be 0.12 & 0.15 correspondingly. The LOD values were found as 2.94, 3.03 and for the LOQ values were found as 9.87, 10.1. \u0000Conclusion: The developed method which was validated was observed to be novel, accurate, simple, robust, precise, repeatable for the present study with a suitable RP-HPLC technique to concurrently determine Bilastine and Montelukast present in the commercial formulation. This developed method is useful on daily basis due to their accurate results, reproducibility, robustness for the estimation of samples in routine quality control departments.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85679802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.35120/sciencej020201r
Temelko Risteski
The labor is a guarantee of economic, social and biological security and reproduction of man. The rapid development of technology, and in this context, robotics, brings with itself new opportunities for a better life of man, but also new dangers. One of these dangers is a reduction of the number of the workplaces on which man’s labor will be required. In production of goods and services people will be replaced by robots. People will become jobless. Left without a job they will be left to all the problems that poverty brings. Poverty is accompanied by fear for their existence. Fear is the negation of security and freedom. Without security people will fight to ensure it. There will be a social disorder and conflict. In order to avoid it, the correct distribution of the products of human labor will be necessary. If robots produce everything people needed, every one could enjoy the luxury and abundance. The condition for this is the capital owners to take care of their workers to whom labor is the only capital they have, and by larger allocations of the added value to provide them a life worthy of man. They, by want or no, will be forced to act in such a way, because the unemployment and poverty that is her companion, will lead to a fall in demand for goods and services. It will cause decline of production, so the whole economic system will be compromised. This problem can not be solved through market mechanisms. It requires solidarity in distribution of goods and services that will be provided by robots. Therefore, the social system must be changed or, in the begining, at least social model. In adition to trade unions, numerous associations for the protection of the rights of the unemployed will be emerged. There will be a worsening political conflict between the ruling establishments and opposition. In the ranks of the opposition, the main role will have the left-wing parties and associations. The state, as an organization of citizens and the government, as their service, must assume the role of balancer between labor and capital. Control protection functions of the state will intensify. The state will increasingly become a service to citizens and less protector of the interests of capital. At the stage of complete robotics it will become in the true sense of the word, a state of citizens. The distribution of social goods will finally take place according to the principle of „everyone according to his abilities, to everyone according to his needs“. Degrading wage labor will disappear.
{"title":"ROBOTIZATION IN FUNCTION OF THE HUMANIZATION OF LABOR","authors":"Temelko Risteski","doi":"10.35120/sciencej020201r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35120/sciencej020201r","url":null,"abstract":"The labor is a guarantee of economic, social and biological security and reproduction of man. The rapid development of technology, and in this context, robotics, brings with itself new opportunities for a better life of man, but also new dangers. One of these dangers is a reduction of the number of the workplaces on which man’s labor will be required. In production of goods and services people will be replaced by robots. People will become jobless. Left without a job they will be left to all the problems that poverty brings. Poverty is accompanied by fear for their existence. Fear is the negation of security and freedom. Without security people will fight to ensure it. There will be a social disorder and conflict. In order to avoid it, the correct distribution of the products of human labor will be necessary. If robots produce everything people needed, every one could enjoy the luxury and abundance. The condition for this is the capital owners to take care of their workers to whom labor is the only capital they have, and by larger allocations of the added value to provide them a life worthy of man. They, by want or no, will be forced to act in such a way, because the unemployment and poverty that is her companion, will lead to a fall in demand for goods and services. It will cause decline of production, so the whole economic system will be compromised. This problem can not be solved through market mechanisms. It requires solidarity in distribution of goods and services that will be provided by robots. Therefore, the social system must be changed or, in the begining, at least social model. In adition to trade unions, numerous associations for the protection of the rights of the unemployed will be emerged. There will be a worsening political conflict between the ruling establishments and opposition. In the ranks of the opposition, the main role will have the left-wing parties and associations. The state, as an organization of citizens and the government, as their service, must assume the role of balancer between labor and capital. Control protection functions of the state will intensify. The state will increasingly become a service to citizens and less protector of the interests of capital. At the stage of complete robotics it will become in the true sense of the word, a state of citizens. The distribution of social goods will finally take place according to the principle of „everyone according to his abilities, to everyone according to his needs“. Degrading wage labor will disappear.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76663442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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