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EMPLOYER BRANDING – IMPOSED NEED ON THE MACEDONIAN LABOUR MARKET 雇主品牌——强加于马其顿劳动力市场的需求
Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.35120/sciencej020125b
I. Blazhevski, Sanja Nikolic Blazevska
The current state of the labor market indicates an increasingly pronounced trend of a lack of adequate workforce. This situation is further deepened by the emphasized trend of external migrations. One of the initial effects of migrations is the emergence of a lack of certain categories of workers with specific types of knowledge and skills, which in the long term, as well as in the short term, can reflect negatively on the human capital of the sending country. One of the most widespread concepts for successfully dealing with the deteriorating conditions on the labor market is employer branding. Even though this concept is relatively new, it is widely accepted and implemented by the biggest multinational companies. The aim of this paper is to give an account of migration trends in Macedonian society, and the impact of these trends on the human capital situation. In addition, through an analysis of the presence of the concept of employer branding in some of the largest and most recognizable companies in Macedonia, the extent of recognition of this concept among Macedonian companies would be determined. In doing so, the official social media accounts and websites of these companies were analyzed, that is, the contents and announcements through which the employer branding strategy of these companies can be recognized. In the findings of these analyses, it is stated that the concept of employer branding has been recognized and implemented among large Macedonian companies, and various activities and initiatives are undertaken to establish them as a desirable employer. In addition, employer branding positions have been introduced within the HR or marketing departments. But presenting these initiatives through social media represents the initial stage of developing an employer branding strategy. If Macedonian companies want to establish themselves successfully and in the long term, as a desired employer, they will have to develop complex and comprehensive strategies for employer branding.  
劳动力市场的现状表明,劳动力短缺的趋势日益明显。这种情况由于外来移徙的突出趋势而进一步加深。移徙的最初影响之一是出现缺乏具有特定类型知识和技能的某些类别的工人的情况,这在长期和短期内都可能对派遣国的人力资本产生不利影响。成功应对不断恶化的劳动力市场状况的最普遍的概念之一是雇主品牌。尽管这一概念相对较新,但它已被大型跨国公司广泛接受和实施。本文的目的是给出了马其顿社会的移民趋势,以及这些趋势对人力资本状况的影响。此外,通过分析在马其顿一些最大和最知名的公司中存在雇主品牌概念的情况,将确定马其顿公司对这一概念的认可程度。在此过程中,我们分析了这些公司的官方社交媒体账号和网站,即通过这些公司的内容和公告来识别这些公司的雇主品牌战略。在这些分析的结果中指出,雇主品牌的概念已在马其顿大公司中得到承认和执行,并采取了各种活动和倡议,使它们成为理想的雇主。此外,人力资源部门和市场营销部门也设立了雇主品牌职位。但是,通过社交媒体展示这些举措代表了制定雇主品牌战略的初始阶段。如果马其顿公司想要成功地建立自己,并长期成为理想的雇主,他们将不得不制定复杂而全面的雇主品牌战略。
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引用次数: 0
LEADERSHIP IN TIMES OF CRISIS 危机时刻的领导力
Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.35120/sciencej020119d
Marija Dimitrovska, Liljana Pushova Stamenkova, Lazar Stošić
Leadership encircles the capability of an individual, group or organization to guide others (individuals, teams, or whole organizations). True leadership requires a personality that attracts other people, constant development of relationships with team members, possessing professional and practical knowledge and skills, experience, self-confidence, intuition and empathy. Strong leaders continuously empower other people, because they believe in their team members. Leadership skills are continuosly learned and improved not only during professional development, but throughout person’s life. Crises are inevitable events, that occur sooner or later in all the organizations. They can be triggered by different internal or external factors. Each crisis is specific and unique and requires different approaches for finding solutions. When a crisis occurs, ignoring or avoiding it, is one of the biggest mistakes for the organization. It should be accepted, resolved and used to initiate change, which is necessary for organzations’ survival and further development and growth. Having an organized, planned and structured approach to crisis management can help in damage reduction, restraing the company losses and discover inventive mechanisms to maintain the workforce’s productivity. Crisis leadership is a process that resolves the unforseeable events that happen unexpectedly and have the ability to diminish the organizational structure, to cease growth and development and lead to catastrophic outcomes. Whether the crisis will be successfully resolved, depends on how the leadership will deal with the situation. A positive approach to crisis is to accept it as an opportunity, to take responsibility, manifest confidence and implement changes which will streghtehen the organization and empower the employess to perform better and become stonger people in future. If leaders are bold and act, if they are decisive and willing to adapt their decision to the occurring conditions, they are going to have more success in resolving the crisis, compared to leaders that choose to wait and not take any action. Leadership is a vital process at all times, but when a crisis strikes, a strong leader has cardinal importance for the organization.
领导力是指个人、团体或组织指导他人(个人、团队或整个组织)的能力。真正的领导需要一种吸引他人的个性,不断发展与团队成员的关系,拥有专业和实用的知识和技能,经验,自信,直觉和同理心。强大的领导者会不断地授权给其他人,因为他们相信自己的团队成员。领导技能不仅在职业发展过程中,而且在人的一生中都是不断学习和提高的。危机是不可避免的事件,迟早会在所有组织中发生。它们可以由不同的内部或外部因素触发。每个危机都是具体而独特的,需要不同的方法来寻找解决方案。当危机发生时,忽视或回避它是组织最大的错误之一。它应该被接受、解决和用来发起变革,这是组织生存和进一步发展和成长所必需的。拥有一个有组织、有计划和结构化的危机管理方法可以帮助减少损失,限制公司的损失,并发现创新的机制来保持员工的生产力。危机领导是一个过程,解决不可预见的事件,发生意外,有能力削弱组织结构,停止增长和发展,导致灾难性的结果。危机能否成功解决,取决于领导层将如何处理这种情况。积极应对危机的方法是把它当作一个机会,承担责任,表现出信心并实施变革,这些变革将加强组织,并赋予员工更好的表现,并在未来成为更强大的人。如果领导者大胆行动,如果他们果断并愿意根据发生的情况调整他们的决定,那么与那些选择等待而不采取任何行动的领导者相比,他们将在解决危机方面取得更大的成功。领导在任何时候都是一个至关重要的过程,但当危机来袭时,一个强有力的领导者对组织来说至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soil from Auto-mobile Mechanic Workshops within Ikot Akpaden, Mkpat Enin L.G.A Akwa Ibom State Nigeria 尼日利亚Akwa Ibom州Ikot Akpaden, Mkpat Enin L.G.A汽车机械车间土壤中石油碳氢化合物的调查
Pub Date : 2023-03-10 DOI: 10.9734/csji/2023/v32i2842
E. Ikpe, U. U. Ubong, E. Uwanta, U. U. Oku, E. Akpan
This study investigates the concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and total hydrocarbon content (THC) in soil samples from auto-mobile mechanic workshop in Ikot Akpaden, Mkpat Enin. Soil samples were collected in triplicate at different points within the vicinity of auto-mobile mechanic workshop at Ikot Akpaden represented as site A and control samples were obtained within the frontage of Chemistry Department, AKSU represented as site C. Soxhlet extraction and shaking methods were used  for the extraction of the total petroleum hydrocarbons and total hydrocarbon content respectively. Each of the sample extracts were purified using column chromatography to remove moisture, polar hydrocarbons, colour interferences and any impurities before GC analysis. Total petroleum hydrocarbons and THC were analyzed using Gas Chromatography (GC-FID) and UV-VISIBLE spectrophotometer respectively. The results obtained from TPH analysis indicates that; 15,223.4 mg/kg was recorded from the auto-mobile mechanic workshop and 808.507 mg/kg was recorded from the control samples. The results from the two stations were higher than the department of petroleum resources (DPR) permissible limit of 50 mg/Kg for soils. There was significant difference in the concentration of total hydrocarbon content, the result obtained showed that, the three sampling point at the mechanic workshop has THC level in the order; A1>A3>A2. The concentration of THC obtained in the three points were greater than the 0.6 mg/Kg limit of total hydrocarbons content allowed by the DPR. The study revealed that the soils were polluted as a result of indiscriminate disposal of waste petroleum products (used engine oil, petrol, diesel and other lubricants) directly on the soil, as well as dumping and burning of waste at the auto-mobile mechanic workshops. Hence, there is need for a holistic and sustainable monitoring and remediation of the environment for a cleaner and healthier environment.
研究了伊克特阿克帕登地区汽车机械车间土壤样品中总石油烃(TPH)和总烃含量(THC)的含量。在Akpaden Ikot汽车机械车间附近的不同地点采集了三份土壤样品,代表地点为A,对照样品在AKSU化学系前方,代表地点为c。采用索氏提取法和摇法分别提取总石油烃和总烃含量。在GC分析之前,每个样品提取物都使用柱层析纯化,以去除水分,极性碳氢化合物,颜色干扰和任何杂质。用气相色谱(GC-FID)和紫外-可见分光光度计分别分析石油总烃和四氢大麻酚。TPH分析结果表明:汽车修理工车间记录到15223.4 mg/kg,对照样品记录到808.507 mg/kg。这两个站点的检测结果均高于石油资源部门(DPR)对土壤的允许限值(50 mg/Kg)。总烃含量的浓度存在显著性差异,结果表明,机械车间三个采样点的四氢大麻酚水平按顺序排列;A1 > A3 > A2。3点测得的四氢大麻酚浓度均大于DPR规定的总烃含量0.6 mg/Kg的限值。研究表明,土壤受到污染的原因是不加区分地将废弃石油产品(废旧机油、汽油、柴油和其他润滑油)直接处置在土壤上,以及在汽车机械车间倾倒和焚烧废物。因此,需要对环境进行全面和可持续的监测和补救,以实现更清洁和更健康的环境。
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引用次数: 0
Monitoring of the Physicochemical and Microbiological Quality of Water Produced and Distributed by La Congolaise Des Eaux (LCDE) in Brazzaville 布拉柴维尔市刚果水公司生产和分配的水理化和微生物质量监测
Pub Date : 2023-03-08 DOI: 10.9734/csji/2023/v32i2841
R. F. L. Mvouezolo, M. Tchoumou, Promesse Nsona Moussoki, Christ Bardoul Engambe, Fulbert Bouaka
Water is an essential element for all living beings and therefore deserves special attention to maintain its quality. The objective of this work is to monitor the physicochemical and microbiological parameters of the water produced and distributed by La Congolaise Des Eaux (LCDE) of Brazzaville in order to evaluate the risk on the health of consumers. Ninety (90) and eighty-five (85) samples were taken respectively in the southern and northern areas of the city of Brazzaville. These different samples were analyzed using physicochemical and microbiological methods.The results obtained show that these waters have high temperature values, ranging from 27.88 and 28.10°C in the South and North zones compared to the WHO guideline value (25°C) and have a moderately acidic pH (6 ,20-7.00) in both areas.The turbidity of the water is more pronounced in the southern zone (6.83 NTU) and is reflected in the absence of residual chlorine in the maximum number of sampling points with low mineralization. From a microbiological point of view, these waters show contamination with total germs, total coliforms and fecal coliforms. This contamination is more pronounced in the southern zone than in the northern zone. Thus, the factorial analysis shows contamination by total germs and indicator germs of fecal contamination (total coliforms and fecal coliforms) and reflects the lack of residual chlorine at the consumer's tap.In view of the results obtained, this study shows that the ageing of the installations and the dilapidated state of the pipes of the LCDE have a negative impact on the quality of the water distributed, which constitutes a high health risk for the consumers.
水是所有生物的基本元素,因此应特别注意保持水的质量。这项工作的目的是监测布拉柴维尔刚果水公司生产和分配的水的物理化学和微生物参数,以评估对消费者健康的风险。在布拉柴维尔市南部和北部地区分别采集了90个和85个样本。用理化和微生物学方法对这些不同的样品进行了分析。获得的结果表明,这些水的温度值较高,与世卫组织指导值(25℃)相比,南部和北部地区的温度值为27.88和28.10℃,两个地区的pH值均为中等酸性(6,20 -7.00)。水的浑浊度在南区更为明显(6.83 NTU),并且在低矿化的最大采样点中没有残留氯。从微生物学的角度来看,这些水域显示出总细菌、总大肠菌群和粪便大肠菌群的污染。这种污染在南部地区比北部地区更为明显。因此,析因分析显示了总细菌和粪便污染指示细菌(总大肠菌群和粪便大肠菌群)的污染,并反映了消费者自来水中残留氯的缺乏。根据所得的结果,本研究显示,轻型饮水器的装置老化和管道破旧,对所分配的水质有负面影响,对消费者构成很高的健康风险。
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引用次数: 0
Determination of the Physicochemical Parameters and Pollution Indices in Soils of Obodo Community in Delta State, Nigeria 尼日利亚三角洲州Obodo社区土壤理化参数及污染指数测定
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.9734/csji/2023/v32i1833
D. Okoro, Lucy Ginika Ubah, Lily Chovwe Diejomaoh
Oil and gas activities are one of the environmental concerns in the crude oil-rich areas of the Niger Delta. This study aimed to determine the physicochemical level and some pollution indices in the soils of the Obodo community in Delta State to ascertain if there is an anthropogenic influence on the soil quality. Soil samples were collected from 14 sampling stations and 2 control stations during the wet and dry seasons from two soil depths (topsoil, 0 - 15cm) and (subsoil, 15-30cm) according to standard methods and procedures. The study results revealed elevated concentrations of total hydrocarbon content, polyaromatic hydrocarbon, total petroleum hydrocarbon and sulphate with mean values of 138.45 mg/kg  (topsoil) and 147.66 mg/kg (subsoil); 52.62 mg/kg  (topsoil) and 30.01 mg/kg (subsoil); 229.95 mg/kg  (topsoil) and 160.33 mg/kg (subsoil); 54.89 mg/kg  (topsoil) and 44.88 mg/kg (subsoil) during the wet season respectively; and mean values of 172.94 mg/kg  (topsoil) and 151.46 mg/kg (subsoil); 11.11 mg/kg  (topsoil) and 10.25 mg/kg (subsoil); 19.63 mg/kg  (topsoil) and 17.99 mg/kg (subsoil); 22.57 mg/kg  (topsoil) and 19.95 mg/kg (subsoil) during the dry season respectively. The high concentrations observed in this study indicates anthropogenic influence that may be due to oil spillage, emission from vehicle exhaust, incomplete combustion of coal, and the use of inorganic fertilizer. The results of the index of geo-accumulation and contamination factor showed that the levels of heavy metals were those of unpolluted soil except for the cadmium concentration observed in the topsoil of the study area, which showed moderate pollution during the wet season. The low pH values and a higher percentage of sand in the soil infer that the low heavy metals concentration observed in this study may be due to cations leaching down the aquifer which requires further studies to examine the groundwater quality.
石油和天然气活动是尼日尔三角洲原油丰富地区的环境问题之一。本研究旨在确定三角洲州Obodo社区土壤的理化水平和一些污染指标,以确定土壤质量是否存在人为影响。土壤样品采集于14个采样站和2个对照站,分湿季和旱季,按标准方法和程序采集表层土壤(0 ~ 15cm)和底土(15 ~ 30cm) 2个土壤深度。研究结果表明:土壤中总烃、多芳烃、总石油烃和硫酸盐含量升高,表层土壤平均值为138.45 mg/kg,底土平均值为147.66 mg/kg;52.62 mg/kg(表土)和30.01 mg/kg(底土);229.95 mg/kg(表土)和160.33 mg/kg(底土);雨季表层土壤为54.89 mg/kg,底土为44.88 mg/kg;表层土壤为172.94 mg/kg,底土为151.46 mg/kg;11.11 mg/kg(表土)和10.25 mg/kg(底土);19.63 mg/kg(表层土)和17.99 mg/kg(底土);旱季表层土壤22.57 mg/kg,底土19.95 mg/kg。本研究中观察到的高浓度表明,可能是由于石油泄漏、汽车尾气排放、煤的不完全燃烧和无机肥料的使用造成的人为影响。土壤累积指数和污染因子结果表明,除研究区表层土壤镉含量为中度污染外,其余重金属含量均为未污染土壤水平。土壤的低pH值和较高的砂百分比推断,本研究中观察到的低重金属浓度可能是由于阳离子从含水层中浸出造成的,这需要进一步的研究来检验地下水质量。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis and Characterization of 5-Chloro 2-furaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone and Its Nickel, Copper and Zinc Complexes 5-氯- 2-呋喃醛硫代氨基脲及其镍、铜、锌配合物的合成与表征
Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.9734/csji/2023/v32i1832
Mohammed Adam Adam Abdulbary, M. S. A. Eltoum, E. Ali
The aim of the present study was to synthesize and characterize of divalent metal ions of Nickel, Copper and Zinc complexes of 5-chloro 2-furaldehyde thiosemicarbazone. Firstly ligand was prepared from the reaction between 5-Chloro-2-furaldehyde and thiosemicarbazide, the second step involved the synthesis of Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes of 5-chloro 2-furaldehyde thiosemicarbazone. The prepared compounds (ligand or complex) was characterized using different analytical techniques such as elemental analysis, and IR, UV, Mass and 1H NMR tests, the results obtained showed that the ligand and its Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Co(II) complexes of 5-chloro 2-furaldehyde thiosemicarbazone were prepared successfully.
本研究的目的是合成镍、铜、锌二价金属离子的5-氯- 2-呋喃醛硫代氨基脲配合物并对其进行表征。首先由5-氯-2-呋喃醛与硫代氨基脲反应制备配体,第二步合成5-氯-2-呋喃醛硫代氨基脲的Ni(II)、Cu(II)和Zn(II)配合物。采用元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱、质谱和核磁共振氢谱等方法对所制备的配合物(配体或配合物)进行了表征,结果表明,所制备的5-氯- 2-呋喃醛硫代氨基脲配体及其Ni(II)、Cu(II)、Zn(II)和Co(II)配合物均制备成功。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis and Characterization of Nickel (II), Cobalt (II), Copper (ll) and Zinc (II) Complexes with 5-Chloropyridine-2-Carbaldehydethiosemicarbazone 镍(II)、钴(II)、铜(ll)和锌(II)配合物与5-氯吡啶-2-乙醛代硫代氨基脲的合成与表征
Pub Date : 2023-02-18 DOI: 10.9734/csji/2023/v32i1831
Mohammed Adam Adam Abdelbary, Mohammed Sulieman Ali Eltoum, Elmugdad Ahmed Ali
5-chloropyridine-2-carbaldehydethiosemicarbazone (HL1) and its nickel(II), cobalt(II), Zinc(II) and copper(II) complexes: [Ni(HL1)2], [Co(HL1)2], [Zn(HL1)2], [Cu(HL1)2], [Cu(HL1)], were synthesized and characterized. The ligand has been characterized by elemental analyses, IR, 1H NMR and Mass spectroscopy. The dentate nature of the ligand is evident from the spectral obtained data and literature.
合成了5-氯吡啶-2-乙醛代硫代氨基脲(HL1)及其镍(II)、钴(II)、锌(II)、铜(II)配合物:[Ni(HL1)2]、[Co(HL1)2]、[Zn(HL1)2]、[Cu(HL1)2]、[Cu(HL1)]。通过元素分析、IR、1H NMR和质谱对该配体进行了表征。从光谱获得的数据和文献中可以明显看出配体的齿状性质。
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引用次数: 0
Chromium Concentrations in Automotive Paints from Retail Stores in Kenya 肯尼亚零售商店汽车涂料中的铬浓度
Pub Date : 2023-02-17 DOI: 10.9734/csji/2023/v32i1830
F. H. Were, L. Mwaia
Chromium (Cr) is among the heavy metals that are added to automotive paints to provide protection against corrosion and reflective properties. However, exposure to hexavalent chromium Cr(VI), which is the toxic form of Cr is associated with adverse health effects such as lung cancer. The study, therefore, assessed Cr levels in the automotive paints commonly used by spray painters in informal settings in Nairobi City. Chromium concentrations were determined in triplicates in the three sets of automotive paint samples in red, blue and green colours. The same samples were also used for the determination of lead content and the findings of the study were published elsewhere. The automotive paint samples were procured from 8 formal and informal retail stores. The Cr concentrations was also analyzed  using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of Cr levels obtained from informal retail shops ranged from 120.5±10.6 to 2771.9±35.6 parts per million (ppm). On the contrary, those from the formal retail stores were significantly lower (p < 0.05), and were in the range of 39.3±7.0 to 461.9±11.1 ppm. The Cr levels in automotive paints varied greatly across different colours and retail shops. Substantial levels were observed in almost all paint samples purchased from the informal retail shops except one retail shop. The elevated Cr levels in various colours of automotive paints used by spray painters in the informal sector call for a comprehensive assessment of Cr in these settings along with health-driven policies to address related health impacts.
铬(Cr)是添加到汽车涂料中的重金属之一,以提供抗腐蚀和反射性能。然而,接触六价铬铬(六价铬是铬的有毒形式)与肺癌等不良健康影响有关。因此,这项研究评估了内罗毕市非正规场所喷漆工常用的汽车涂料中的铬含量。铬的浓度在三组汽车漆样品中分别以红、蓝、绿三种颜色进行了三次测定。同样的样品也用于测定铅含量,研究结果发表在其他地方。汽车涂料样品是从8家正规和非正规零售店采购的。用原子吸收分光光度法分析了Cr的浓度。从非正式零售商店获得的Cr水平的平均值±标准偏差(SD)范围为120.5±10.6至2771.9±35.6 ppm (ppm)。与此相反,正规零售店的含量则显著降低(p < 0.05),在39.3±7.0 ~ 461.9±11.1 ppm之间。不同颜色和零售商店的汽车漆中铬含量差异很大。除了一家零售商店外,几乎所有从非正式零售商店购买的油漆样品中都观察到大量的水平。非正规部门喷漆工使用的各种颜色汽车涂料中铬含量升高,要求对这些环境中的铬含量进行全面评估,并制定以健康为导向的政策,以解决相关的健康影响。
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引用次数: 0
Chemical, In-vitro Multienzyme Digestibility and Amino Acid of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) Fortified with Soybean (Glycine max) Composite Meal flour 大豆(甘氨酸max)复合粉强化高粱(Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench)的化学、体外多酶消化率和氨基酸
Pub Date : 2023-01-10 DOI: 10.9734/csji/2023/v32i1827
Oluwagbenle Henry Niyi
The proximate, minerals, functional properties, in-vitro multi enzyme protein digestibility of fortified sorghum with soybean composite meal flour have been determined using standard analytical methods. The sample contained moisture (3.52%), ash (3.40%), crude fat (27.44%), crude protein (39.33%), crude fibre (5.66%) and carbohydrate (22.65%). The magnesium was the highest mineral with the value of 40.78mg/kg while copper had the lowest value of 0.04 mg/kg. The results of functional properties showed that water absorption capacity (WAC) had the value of 142.62%, oil absorption capacity (OAC) had the value of 114.24%, foaming capacity/stability (6.50%/2.00%)while the least gelation concentration was 2.00%. The multi enzyme protein digestibility was 66%. Glutamic acid was the most concentrated amino acid with the value of 172.5 mg/g crude protein while cysteine was the least concentrated with the value of 20.5 mg/g crude protein. The average total amino acid in the composite sample was 915.5 mg/g crude protein and the total average percent essential amino acid was 44.7% (with histidine), 42.3% (without histidine). The composite sample would provide the required amino acids for the pre-school children (2-5yrs) since the values obtained were higher than 100% required standards recommended for the group.
采用标准分析方法测定了大豆复合粉强化高粱的比邻物、矿物质、功能特性和体外多酶蛋白质消化率。样品中水分(3.52%)、灰分(3.40%)、粗脂肪(27.44%)、粗蛋白质(39.33%)、粗纤维(5.66%)、碳水化合物(22.65%)。镁的含量最高,为40.78mg/kg,铜的含量最低,为0.04 mg/kg。功能性能测试结果表明:吸水量(WAC)为142.62%,吸油量(OAC)为114.24%,起泡量/稳定性(6.50%/2.00%),最小胶凝浓度为2.00%。多酶蛋白消化率为66%。谷氨酸含量最高,为172.5 mg/g粗蛋白质,半胱氨酸含量最低,为20.5 mg/g粗蛋白质。合成样品中氨基酸总含量平均为915.5 mg/g粗蛋白质,必需氨基酸总含量平均为44.7%(含组氨酸),42.3%(不含组氨酸)。复合样品将为学龄前儿童(2-5岁)提供所需的氨基酸,因为所获得的值高于该组推荐的100%所需标准。
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引用次数: 0
DETERMINING THE PURCHASE AND SALE VALUE OF SHARES BY ESTIMATING THE VALUE OF THE CAPITAL 通过估算资本价值来确定股票的买卖价值
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.35120/sciencej0203129s
Gordana Stojmenović, Tatjana Mrvić, Miodrag Smelcerović, Pavle Trpeski
The aim of this paper is to point out the fact that without determining the value of shares, their sale cannot be done, because any investment brings certain risks and uncertainties, so it should be done based on financial analysis of the company and determined fair value of its capital. Realistic and adequate assessment of the value of the company’s capital is of multiple importance for the potential investor when making an investment decision. Determining the fair value of shares also protects „small“ shareholders whose shares the investor wants to repurchase. In this paper, an assessment of the value of the capital of the company „X“ AD was performed and the fair price of one share was formed, which the bidder should offer to „small“ shareholders and buy them back. Therefore, the financial analysis of the company was used (determining the market position of the company, its return, property and financial position) as well as the usual methods of estimating its capital (adjusted book, property, return and liquidation value of the company).
本文的目的是指出不确定股票价值就不能出售股票,因为任何投资都会带来一定的风险和不确定性,因此应该在对公司进行财务分析的基础上确定其资本的公允价值。在做出投资决策时,对公司资本价值进行现实和充分的评估对潜在投资者来说具有多重重要性。确定股票的公允价值也保护了投资者希望回购其股份的“小”股东。本文对“X”AD公司的资本价值进行了评估,形成了1股的公平价格,竞标者应向“小”股东报价并回购。因此,我们采用了对公司的财务分析(确定公司的市场地位、收益、财产和财务状况)以及通常估算公司资本的方法(调整后的账面、财产、收益和清算价值)。
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Chemical Science International Journal
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