Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-62-67
O. V. Molochkova, S. B. Orekhova, R. V. Ovechkin, V. S. Vyshlova, V. V. Glukhova, O. Kovalev, N. Y. Egorova, A. Chashchukhina, V. A. Masyakin, E. P. Egorova, A. A. Sakharova, A. G. Okhtyarkina
Purpose: to demonstrate a case of hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) in a 5-year-old child associated with an acute intestinal infection of unknown etiology, occurring with hemocolitis. Results. During clinical and laboratory observation, edematous syndrome, oligoanuria, severe microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (decrease in hemoglobin, haptoglobin, increase in Lactate dehydrogenase), thrombocytopenia, consumption coagulopathy, hyperazotemia, acute kidney injury (AKI) according to KDIGO grade 2 (increase in serum creatinine more than 2 times) developed. As part of complex therapy with balanced crystalloid solutions with stimulation of diuresis, it was possible to achieve rapid restoration of diuresis on the 2nd day of hospital stay without the use of renal replacement therapy; he also received antibiotics, anticoagulants, transfusion of fresh frozen plasma and red blood cell suspension. Hyperazotemia was relieved within 5 days, as was thrombocytopenia. The follow-up recovery of renal function showed.
{"title":"A case of hemolytic-uremic syndrome that developed in a 5-year-old child due to acute intestinal infection with hemocolitis","authors":"O. V. Molochkova, S. B. Orekhova, R. V. Ovechkin, V. S. Vyshlova, V. V. Glukhova, O. Kovalev, N. Y. Egorova, A. Chashchukhina, V. A. Masyakin, E. P. Egorova, A. A. Sakharova, A. G. Okhtyarkina","doi":"10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-62-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-62-67","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to demonstrate a case of hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) in a 5-year-old child associated with an acute intestinal infection of unknown etiology, occurring with hemocolitis. Results. During clinical and laboratory observation, edematous syndrome, oligoanuria, severe microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (decrease in hemoglobin, haptoglobin, increase in Lactate dehydrogenase), thrombocytopenia, consumption coagulopathy, hyperazotemia, acute kidney injury (AKI) according to KDIGO grade 2 (increase in serum creatinine more than 2 times) developed. As part of complex therapy with balanced crystalloid solutions with stimulation of diuresis, it was possible to achieve rapid restoration of diuresis on the 2nd day of hospital stay without the use of renal replacement therapy; he also received antibiotics, anticoagulants, transfusion of fresh frozen plasma and red blood cell suspension. Hyperazotemia was relieved within 5 days, as was thrombocytopenia. The follow-up recovery of renal function showed.","PeriodicalId":9855,"journal":{"name":"CHILDREN INFECTIONS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140383385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-24DOI: 10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-55-61
A. A. Komarova, H. A. Sarkisyan H. A., A. P. Khokhlova, E. A. Polyak, V. A. Vershinnikova, K. R. Baltaeva, D. R. Kantserova, V. A. Mironova, L. M. Makarova, A. Belaya, A. E. Atapina, I. G. Lyubeznova
Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the cause of fetal malformations, fetal death, severe generalized disease up to death, and changes in hematopoiesis. It should be noted that the pantropic effects of the virus and the peculiarities of the immunopathogenesis of congenital CMV infection are often the basis for the occurrence of autoimmune diseases Also CMV can be the reason in decompensation of combined pathologies. Below are two cases of severe hereditary sphero-cytosis in children with congenital active CMV infection.
{"title":"Severe forms of hereditary spherocytosis in children with congenital active cytomegalovirus infection","authors":"A. A. Komarova, H. A. Sarkisyan H. A., A. P. Khokhlova, E. A. Polyak, V. A. Vershinnikova, K. R. Baltaeva, D. R. Kantserova, V. A. Mironova, L. M. Makarova, A. Belaya, A. E. Atapina, I. G. Lyubeznova","doi":"10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-55-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-55-61","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the cause of fetal malformations, fetal death, severe generalized disease up to death, and changes in hematopoiesis. It should be noted that the pantropic effects of the virus and the peculiarities of the immunopathogenesis of congenital CMV infection are often the basis for the occurrence of autoimmune diseases Also CMV can be the reason in decompensation of combined pathologies. Below are two cases of severe hereditary sphero-cytosis in children with congenital active CMV infection.","PeriodicalId":9855,"journal":{"name":"CHILDREN INFECTIONS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140385796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-23DOI: 10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-44-48
S. B. Chuelov, A. L. Rossina
The urgency of the problem of sparganosis is due to the widespread prevalence of this disease in the wild, polymorphism of clinical manifestations and the possibility of severe damage to the orbits, central nervous system and internal organs. The purpose and result of the work is to summarize the data available in the literature on the etiology, epidemiology, clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of sparganosis. Conclusion. The causative agents of sparganosis are Spirometra decipiens, Spirometra erinaceieuropaei, Spirometra folium, Spirometra mansoni, and Sparganum proliferum. Allocate non-proliferative (peripheral, cerebral, spinal, ocular, visceral) and proliferative sparganosis. Diagnostics is carried out on the basis of a complex of clinical, instrumental, serological, molecular genetic studies. Surgical treatment is recommended: complete removal of the spargans
{"title":"Sparganosis","authors":"S. B. Chuelov, A. L. Rossina","doi":"10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-44-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-44-48","url":null,"abstract":"The urgency of the problem of sparganosis is due to the widespread prevalence of this disease in the wild, polymorphism of clinical manifestations and the possibility of severe damage to the orbits, central nervous system and internal organs. The purpose and result of the work is to summarize the data available in the literature on the etiology, epidemiology, clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of sparganosis. Conclusion. The causative agents of sparganosis are Spirometra decipiens, Spirometra erinaceieuropaei, Spirometra folium, Spirometra mansoni, and Sparganum proliferum. Allocate non-proliferative (peripheral, cerebral, spinal, ocular, visceral) and proliferative sparganosis. Diagnostics is carried out on the basis of a complex of clinical, instrumental, serological, molecular genetic studies. Surgical treatment is recommended: complete removal of the spargans","PeriodicalId":9855,"journal":{"name":"CHILDREN INFECTIONS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-23DOI: 10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-35-43
S. V. Dumova, H. A. Sarkisyan, O. Chugunova, I. D. Prokhorov, M. I. Nikolaeva, M. R. Globa, D. I. Nam, I. V. Zhuravleva, P. V. Shumilov
Non-immune hydrops fetalis is a polyetiological disease characterized by high perinatal mortality. The development of non-immune fetal hydrops is associated with diseases of the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems, genetic and chromosomal diseases, infectious agents and many other reasons. In this regard, there is no single approach to the treatment of this extremely dangerous pathological condition, which requires the joint work of specialists from different specialties: obstetricians-gynecologists, neonatologists, cardiologists, surgeons, hematologists and geneticists. This article provides a review of current literature data on the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, treatment and outcomes of non-immune hydrops fetalis.
{"title":"Non-immune hydrops fetalis: etiology, pathogenesis, features of diagnosis and treatment in the fetus and newborn","authors":"S. V. Dumova, H. A. Sarkisyan, O. Chugunova, I. D. Prokhorov, M. I. Nikolaeva, M. R. Globa, D. I. Nam, I. V. Zhuravleva, P. V. Shumilov","doi":"10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-35-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-35-43","url":null,"abstract":"Non-immune hydrops fetalis is a polyetiological disease characterized by high perinatal mortality. The development of non-immune fetal hydrops is associated with diseases of the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems, genetic and chromosomal diseases, infectious agents and many other reasons. In this regard, there is no single approach to the treatment of this extremely dangerous pathological condition, which requires the joint work of specialists from different specialties: obstetricians-gynecologists, neonatologists, cardiologists, surgeons, hematologists and geneticists. This article provides a review of current literature data on the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, treatment and outcomes of non-immune hydrops fetalis.","PeriodicalId":9855,"journal":{"name":"CHILDREN INFECTIONS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-23DOI: 10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-29-34
T. Chernova, D. Ivanov, O. I. Veduta, V. N. Timchenko, E. V. Barakina, E. B. Pavlova, I. Y. Bazunova, A. A. Zherebtsova
Even when asymptomatic, intestinal parasitosis can have a significant impact on the health of children. Materials and methods. An analysis of the medical documentation of the children's clinic for 2016—2023 was carried out. Results. It has been established that enterobiasis dominates in children living in St. Petersburg (87.8%—98.8%), the proportion of ascariasis and giardiasis in different years did not exceed 5.2% and 10.0%, respectively. The maximum proportion of those affected by E. vermicularis (50.6%—66.8%) and Giardia (67.3%) was in the age group of 7—14 years, while ascariasis most often affected children 3—6 years old (51.7%). Enterobiasis was more often recorded during annual preventive examinations (September-November) (52.0%—65.9%), ascariasis was detected at a later date — November-January (41.5%), the largest number of episodes of giardiasis was observed in the spring months (53.9%). If helminthic infestations in all cases were asymptomatic and were discovered by chance during a microscopic examination of feces, then in the case of giardiasis, 46.2% of those infected complained of abdominal pain (42.3%), discomfort after eating (25.0%), diarrhea/constipation (21.2%), bloating (19.2%), frequent belching of air (13.5%). Thus, a single microscopic examination of feces is not very informative. Knowledge of the clinical and epidemiological features of parasitic infestations will allow the pediatrician to conduct an in-depth examination of the child to decide on antiparasitic treatment
{"title":"Parasitic infestations in children in a metropolis","authors":"T. Chernova, D. Ivanov, O. I. Veduta, V. N. Timchenko, E. V. Barakina, E. B. Pavlova, I. Y. Bazunova, A. A. Zherebtsova","doi":"10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-29-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-29-34","url":null,"abstract":"Even when asymptomatic, intestinal parasitosis can have a significant impact on the health of children. Materials and methods. An analysis of the medical documentation of the children's clinic for 2016—2023 was carried out. Results. It has been established that enterobiasis dominates in children living in St. Petersburg (87.8%—98.8%), the proportion of ascariasis and giardiasis in different years did not exceed 5.2% and 10.0%, respectively. The maximum proportion of those affected by E. vermicularis (50.6%—66.8%) and Giardia (67.3%) was in the age group of 7—14 years, while ascariasis most often affected children 3—6 years old (51.7%). Enterobiasis was more often recorded during annual preventive examinations (September-November) (52.0%—65.9%), ascariasis was detected at a later date — November-January (41.5%), the largest number of episodes of giardiasis was observed in the spring months (53.9%). If helminthic infestations in all cases were asymptomatic and were discovered by chance during a microscopic examination of feces, then in the case of giardiasis, 46.2% of those infected complained of abdominal pain (42.3%), discomfort after eating (25.0%), diarrhea/constipation (21.2%), bloating (19.2%), frequent belching of air (13.5%). Thus, a single microscopic examination of feces is not very informative. Knowledge of the clinical and epidemiological features of parasitic infestations will allow the pediatrician to conduct an in-depth examination of the child to decide on antiparasitic treatment","PeriodicalId":9855,"journal":{"name":"CHILDREN INFECTIONS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-23DOI: 10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-49-54
N. Y. Egorova, O. V. Molochkova, A. A. Rakhalina, Yulia V. Romanova, A. S. Belyanina, D. A. Adamova
Purpose: to demonstrate a case of mixed purulent wound infection of the leg with the sequential development of multiple complications — phlegmon, staphylococcal infection with scarlet-like syndrome and the skin-articular form of Henoch-Schönlein hemorrhagic vasculitis in a 12-year-old child. Results. A severe, complicated form of purulent lesions of the skin and subcutaneous tissue is described — phlegmon of the lower leg, which arose as a result of infection of previously damaged tissues by the main causative agents of mixed wound infection — S. aureus and S. pyogenes in the IV degree of contamination. On the 7th day of the disease, the manifestation of an immune complex complication was noted — the skin-articular form of Henoch-Schönlein hemorrhagic vasculitis and symptoms of staphylococcal infection with scarlet-like syndrome, which required a differential diagnosis with wound (extrabucal) scarlet fever. Conclusion. The difficulties of differential diagnosis are shown. The delayed appearance of the rash on the 7th day of illness, pronounced hyperemia of the skin with a cyanotic tint around the wound, the formation of a large affected area, the appearance of peeling of the skin earlier than with scarlet fever — already against the background of a fading rash, allowed us to think about a staphylococcal infection with scarlet fever-like syndrome.
{"title":"Multiple complications of wound infection of mixed etiology: clinical case","authors":"N. Y. Egorova, O. V. Molochkova, A. A. Rakhalina, Yulia V. Romanova, A. S. Belyanina, D. A. Adamova","doi":"10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-49-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-49-54","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to demonstrate a case of mixed purulent wound infection of the leg with the sequential development of multiple complications — phlegmon, staphylococcal infection with scarlet-like syndrome and the skin-articular form of Henoch-Schönlein hemorrhagic vasculitis in a 12-year-old child. Results. A severe, complicated form of purulent lesions of the skin and subcutaneous tissue is described — phlegmon of the lower leg, which arose as a result of infection of previously damaged tissues by the main causative agents of mixed wound infection — S. aureus and S. pyogenes in the IV degree of contamination. On the 7th day of the disease, the manifestation of an immune complex complication was noted — the skin-articular form of Henoch-Schönlein hemorrhagic vasculitis and symptoms of staphylococcal infection with scarlet-like syndrome, which required a differential diagnosis with wound (extrabucal) scarlet fever. Conclusion. The difficulties of differential diagnosis are shown. The delayed appearance of the rash on the 7th day of illness, pronounced hyperemia of the skin with a cyanotic tint around the wound, the formation of a large affected area, the appearance of peeling of the skin earlier than with scarlet fever — already against the background of a fading rash, allowed us to think about a staphylococcal infection with scarlet fever-like syndrome.","PeriodicalId":9855,"journal":{"name":"CHILDREN INFECTIONS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-22DOI: 10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-5-11
S. G. Gorbunov, A. V. Bitsueva
Relevance: to date, there is no single view on how COVID-19 proceeds in children with bronchial asthma. At the same time, bronchial asthma is observed in 14% of children in the population and their number continues to increase. COVID-19, despite the end of the pandemic, also remains one of the most common infections, and therefore the features of its course in comorbid children are of interest. Objective: to determine the features of the clinical course, laboratory and instrumental examination data, and to analyze the effectiveness of COVID-19 treatment in children with bronchial asthma. Materials and methods: 25 children with COVID-19 who suffered from bronchial asthma (observation group) and 25 children with this infection without asthma (comparison group) were monitored. All patients were examined in accordance with the current regulatory documents on COVID-19, followed by statistical processing of the results. Results: cough and shortness of breath were observed more often and longer in comorbid patients. Viral lung damage with the development of mild respiratory failure was more common in children with bronchial asthma. In this group, there was a more pronounced tendency to hypercoagulation and systemic inflammatory response relative to patients in the comparison group. At the same time, against the background of adequate treatment, which turned out to be significantly longer in all types of therapy, with the exception of anticoagulant, coagulogram parameters and protein levels of the acute phase of inflammation in the dynamics normalized in both observed groups. As a result, patients with COVID-19 and bronchial asthma spent significantly longer in hospital than children who did not have a anamnesis of bronchial asthma. Conclusion: COVID-19 in children with bronchial asthma was somewhat more severe compared to those who did not suffer from bronchial asthma. Cough and shortness of breath were clinically prevalent, symptoms characteristic of both diseases, but there were no typical exacerbations of asthma in this group.
{"title":"COVID-19 in children with bronchial asthma: aspects of comorbidity","authors":"S. G. Gorbunov, A. V. Bitsueva","doi":"10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-5-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-5-11","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: to date, there is no single view on how COVID-19 proceeds in children with bronchial asthma. At the same time, bronchial asthma is observed in 14% of children in the population and their number continues to increase. COVID-19, despite the end of the pandemic, also remains one of the most common infections, and therefore the features of its course in comorbid children are of interest. Objective: to determine the features of the clinical course, laboratory and instrumental examination data, and to analyze the effectiveness of COVID-19 treatment in children with bronchial asthma. Materials and methods: 25 children with COVID-19 who suffered from bronchial asthma (observation group) and 25 children with this infection without asthma (comparison group) were monitored. All patients were examined in accordance with the current regulatory documents on COVID-19, followed by statistical processing of the results. Results: cough and shortness of breath were observed more often and longer in comorbid patients. Viral lung damage with the development of mild respiratory failure was more common in children with bronchial asthma. In this group, there was a more pronounced tendency to hypercoagulation and systemic inflammatory response relative to patients in the comparison group. At the same time, against the background of adequate treatment, which turned out to be significantly longer in all types of therapy, with the exception of anticoagulant, coagulogram parameters and protein levels of the acute phase of inflammation in the dynamics normalized in both observed groups. As a result, patients with COVID-19 and bronchial asthma spent significantly longer in hospital than children who did not have a anamnesis of bronchial asthma. Conclusion: COVID-19 in children with bronchial asthma was somewhat more severe compared to those who did not suffer from bronchial asthma. Cough and shortness of breath were clinically prevalent, symptoms characteristic of both diseases, but there were no typical exacerbations of asthma in this group.","PeriodicalId":9855,"journal":{"name":"CHILDREN INFECTIONS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-22DOI: 10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-12-17
O. Popova, S. V. Trushakova, I. Fedorova, S. I. Koteleva, S. Bunin, Ju. V. Shvetsova, R. V. Vartyanyan, I. G. Lyubeznova
Aim. The study of metapneumovirus infection clinical and immunological features in children of different ages. Patients and methods. An analysis of 22 patients with mono-metapneumovirus infection is presented. There were 7 (31.8%) children under the age of 1 year, 8 (36.4%) — 1—3 years old, 7 (31.8%) — 4—7 years old. Diagnosis of metapneumovirus infection was based on clinical data and on PCR analysis of nasopharyngeal mucus. Immunological studies in 10 patients included immunophenotype of patient's blood lymphocytes and analysis of the interferon system. Results. Among children under the age of 1 year 71.4 ± 17.1% were diagnosed with obstructive bronchitis and 28.6 ± 17.1% had pneumonia. In patients aged 1—3 years pneumonia was observed more often (55.6 ± 17.6%), obstructive bronchitis — less often (33.3 ± 16.7%), and in 11.1 ± 11.1% bronchitis occurred without symptoms of bronchial obstruction. In children aged 4—7 years only the upper respiratory tract was affected in 14.3 ± 13.2% of cases, 57.1 ± 18.7% developed bronchitis and 28.6 ± 17.1% — pneumonia. The immune system state was characterized by a low content of T-helpers (CD3 + CD4 + ) and NK-cells (CD3-CD16 + CD56 + ) detected in 7 (70%) and 5 (50%) patients respectively. IFNγ production was reduced in 70% of children and IFNα in 80%. Conclusion. Metapneumovirus infection in children in modern conditions is characterized by the frequent development of inflammatory changes in the bronchopulmonary system in the early stages of the disease. The disease severity was due to both manifestations of respiratory failure and severe symptoms of intoxication. Immunological studies revealed changes in the cellular link and the interferon system in all age groups.
{"title":"Metapneumovirus infection in children in modern conditions: clinical and immunological parallels","authors":"O. Popova, S. V. Trushakova, I. Fedorova, S. I. Koteleva, S. Bunin, Ju. V. Shvetsova, R. V. Vartyanyan, I. G. Lyubeznova","doi":"10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-12-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-12-17","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The study of metapneumovirus infection clinical and immunological features in children of different ages. Patients and methods. An analysis of 22 patients with mono-metapneumovirus infection is presented. There were 7 (31.8%) children under the age of 1 year, 8 (36.4%) — 1—3 years old, 7 (31.8%) — 4—7 years old. Diagnosis of metapneumovirus infection was based on clinical data and on PCR analysis of nasopharyngeal mucus. Immunological studies in 10 patients included immunophenotype of patient's blood lymphocytes and analysis of the interferon system. Results. Among children under the age of 1 year 71.4 ± 17.1% were diagnosed with obstructive bronchitis and 28.6 ± 17.1% had pneumonia. In patients aged 1—3 years pneumonia was observed more often (55.6 ± 17.6%), obstructive bronchitis — less often (33.3 ± 16.7%), and in 11.1 ± 11.1% bronchitis occurred without symptoms of bronchial obstruction. In children aged 4—7 years only the upper respiratory tract was affected in 14.3 ± 13.2% of cases, 57.1 ± 18.7% developed bronchitis and 28.6 ± 17.1% — pneumonia. The immune system state was characterized by a low content of T-helpers (CD3 + CD4 + ) and NK-cells (CD3-CD16 + CD56 + ) detected in 7 (70%) and 5 (50%) patients respectively. IFNγ production was reduced in 70% of children and IFNα in 80%. Conclusion. Metapneumovirus infection in children in modern conditions is characterized by the frequent development of inflammatory changes in the bronchopulmonary system in the early stages of the disease. The disease severity was due to both manifestations of respiratory failure and severe symptoms of intoxication. Immunological studies revealed changes in the cellular link and the interferon system in all age groups.","PeriodicalId":9855,"journal":{"name":"CHILDREN INFECTIONS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-22DOI: 10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-25-28
L. Bochkova, A. Eiberman, Y. Chernenkov
Treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in newborns remains an urgent problem due to the risk of severe complications and high mortality in these patients. The search for new therapeutic technologies to reduce the number of adverse outcomes and improve the quality of life of children is one of the modern tasks of neonatology. The aim of the study was to study the clinical results of the use of Cytoflavin® (succinic acid, inosine, nicotinamide, riboflavin) as part of complex therapy in the conservative treatment of NEC in newborns. Materials. A total of 151 premature newborns with stage I—II NEC were monitored. The study group consisted of 78 infants with NEC whose treatment included cytoflavin. The comparison group consisted of 73 infants with NEC who were treated according to the traditional regimen. Results. When analyzing the course of the early neonatal period, it was revealed that the duration of mechanical ventilation in the children of the main group was significantly shorter (36.3 ± 4.9 days) compared to the second group (58.7 ± 4.8 days). Restoration of intestinal passage in children treated with cytoflavin occurred in 62.4 ± 11.0 hours, which is significantly faster than in the comparison group (98.2 ± 10.4 hours). The number of children in the study group transferred to the surgical department (6.41%) was significantly lower compared to the number of severe complications in the second group (15.06%). Conclusion. A positive result of the effect of metabolic therapy with the use of cytoflavin on the course of NEC in newborns is a significant shortening of the duration of their treatment with subsequent transfer to a physiological method of nutrition and a decrease in the incidence of severe surgical complications.
新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）具有严重并发症和高死亡率的风险，因此其治疗仍然是一个亟待解决的问题。寻找新的治疗技术以减少不良后果的发生并提高患儿的生活质量是新生儿科的现代任务之一。本研究的目的是研究在新生儿 NEC 保守治疗中使用 Cytoflavin®（琥珀酸、肌苷、烟酰胺、核黄素）作为复合疗法的临床效果。材料共监测了 151 名患有 I-II 期 NEC 的早产新生儿。研究组包括 78 名 NEC 患儿，其治疗包括细胞黄素。对比组包括 73 名按照传统疗法治疗的 NEC 患儿。研究结果在分析新生儿早期病程时发现，与第二组（58.7 ± 4.8 天）相比，主要组患儿的机械通气时间明显缩短（36.3 ± 4.9 天）。接受细胞黄素治疗的患儿肠道恢复时间为 62.4 ± 11.0 小时，明显快于对比组（98.2 ± 10.4 小时）。研究组中转入外科的患儿人数（6.41%）明显少于第二组中出现严重并发症的人数（15.06%）。结论使用细胞黄素进行代谢治疗对新生儿 NEC 病程的积极影响是，治疗时间明显缩短，随后转为生理性营养方法，严重手术并发症的发生率也有所下降。
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Pub Date : 2024-03-22DOI: 10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-18-24
O. V. Kovaleva, L. A. Lityaeva, O. Zhilenkova
Objective: to study the state of the intestinal and biliary microbiota in children with intestinal and gallbladder dysfunction and to determine the features of the component composition of the biliary microbiota. Methods: We examined 20 children with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The presence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) syndrome was determined (using a hydrogen breath test with lactulose), microbial markers of the intestinal and biliary microbiota (using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). We also performed microscopy of bile (phase-contrast light microscopy) obtained through duodenal intubation. Results: In all children with IBS, SIBO was verified in the small intestine, with insufficiency of the ileocecal valve in half of them, associated with hypomotor dyskinesia of the gallbladder. Microscopy of the bile revealed a large number of crystals and leukocytes. A study of microbial markers of intestinal and biliary microbiota in all children with IBS and SIBO revealed excessive bacterial associative growth of gram-negative opportunistic bacteria in combination with viruses of the Herpes family. An increase in the level of lipopolysaccharides (2 times higher than normal) and a deficiency of microbial markers of the main groups of microorganisms (anaerobic bacteria) responsible for metabolization processes in the enterohepatic circulation (plasmalogen less than 50 μg/ml) were recorded. Excessive growth of 28 species of opportunistic bacteria was detected in bile in diagnostically significant concentrations associated with hypomotor dysfunction of the gallbladder and lithogenicity of bile. Conclusion: A violation of the biliary microbiota was established with an increase in the proportion of gram-negative opportunistic bacteria, the spectrum of which was close to that of the intestine and their association with intestinal and biliary dyskinesia
{"title":"The role of intestinal microbiota in the development of dysfunction of the biliary system in children","authors":"O. V. Kovaleva, L. A. Lityaeva, O. Zhilenkova","doi":"10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-18-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-1-18-24","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to study the state of the intestinal and biliary microbiota in children with intestinal and gallbladder dysfunction and to determine the features of the component composition of the biliary microbiota. Methods: We examined 20 children with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The presence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) syndrome was determined (using a hydrogen breath test with lactulose), microbial markers of the intestinal and biliary microbiota (using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). We also performed microscopy of bile (phase-contrast light microscopy) obtained through duodenal intubation. Results: In all children with IBS, SIBO was verified in the small intestine, with insufficiency of the ileocecal valve in half of them, associated with hypomotor dyskinesia of the gallbladder. Microscopy of the bile revealed a large number of crystals and leukocytes. A study of microbial markers of intestinal and biliary microbiota in all children with IBS and SIBO revealed excessive bacterial associative growth of gram-negative opportunistic bacteria in combination with viruses of the Herpes family. An increase in the level of lipopolysaccharides (2 times higher than normal) and a deficiency of microbial markers of the main groups of microorganisms (anaerobic bacteria) responsible for metabolization processes in the enterohepatic circulation (plasmalogen less than 50 μg/ml) were recorded. Excessive growth of 28 species of opportunistic bacteria was detected in bile in diagnostically significant concentrations associated with hypomotor dysfunction of the gallbladder and lithogenicity of bile. Conclusion: A violation of the biliary microbiota was established with an increase in the proportion of gram-negative opportunistic bacteria, the spectrum of which was close to that of the intestine and their association with intestinal and biliary dyskinesia","PeriodicalId":9855,"journal":{"name":"CHILDREN INFECTIONS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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