Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.51580/2022-2/2710-1185.62
N. Nurtazina, R. Azhigulova, N. Uvarov
The leaching of copper-containing raw materials with environmentally friendly reagents under near-environmental conditions is an important problem of modern hydrometallurgy. In this regard this article presents kinetic regularities of leaching of sulfide mineral – chalcocite (Cu2S) using the simplest amino acid – glycine (Gly) in alkaline medium at 25 ºС. It is assumed that the leaching is mainly due to complexation of copper (II) glycinates. The influence of different parameters on the amino acid leaching process such as concentrations of glycine, sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide, reagent ratio and duration of the experiment were studied. The results of atomic absorption analysis indicated a significant increasing of copper recovery efficiency from chalcocite when the oxidant hydrogen peroxide was added to the alkaline glycine solution system. After 30 minutes the degree of copper recovery has reached 30.79 % in the system «Cu2S-0.1M Gly-0.1M NaOH-0.1M H2O2» while without hydrogen peroxide about 4 % of copper has been leached. The research results allow to recommend glycine as a promising reagent for hydrometallurgical copper production process.
在近环境条件下用环保药剂浸出含铜原料是现代湿法冶金的一个重要问题。本文研究了最简单氨基酸甘氨酸(Gly)在25ºС碱性介质中浸出硫化物矿物辉铜矿(Cu2S)的动力学规律。推测浸出主要是由于甘氨酸铜(II)的络合作用。研究了甘氨酸浓度、氢氧化钠浓度、双氧水浓度、药剂配比、实验时间等参数对氨基酸浸出过程的影响。原子吸收分析结果表明，在碱性甘氨酸溶液体系中加入氧化剂双氧水，可显著提高辉铜矿中铜的回收率。在“Cu2S-0.1M gy -0.1 m NaOH-0.1M H2O2”体系中，铜的回收率达到30.79%，无双氧水时，铜的浸出率约为4%。研究结果表明甘氨酸是一种很有前途的湿法炼铜试剂。
{"title":"Glycine leaching kinetics of chalcocite in alkaline medium in the presence of hydrogen peroxide","authors":"N. Nurtazina, R. Azhigulova, N. Uvarov","doi":"10.51580/2022-2/2710-1185.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-2/2710-1185.62","url":null,"abstract":"The leaching of copper-containing raw materials with environmentally friendly reagents under near-environmental conditions is an important problem of modern hydrometallurgy. In this regard this article presents kinetic regularities of leaching of sulfide mineral – chalcocite (Cu2S) using the simplest amino acid – glycine (Gly) in alkaline medium at 25 ºС. It is assumed that the leaching is mainly due to complexation of copper (II) glycinates. The influence of different parameters on the amino acid leaching process such as concentrations of glycine, sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide, reagent ratio and duration of the experiment were studied. The results of atomic absorption analysis indicated a significant increasing of copper recovery efficiency from chalcocite when the oxidant hydrogen peroxide was added to the alkaline glycine solution system. After 30 minutes the degree of copper recovery has reached 30.79 % in the system «Cu2S-0.1M Gly-0.1M NaOH-0.1M H2O2» while without hydrogen peroxide about 4 % of copper has been leached. The research results allow to recommend glycine as a promising reagent for hydrometallurgical copper production process.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90679788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.52
N. Bukeikhanov, T. Mikhailovskaya, I. Chmyr
The article provides a brief overview of works on the production of nitrogen-containing organic fertilizers based on lignin-carbohydrate products. It has been shown that liquid-phase oxidative ammonolysis of plant raw materials is an effective method. Chemical transformations of the main components of lignin-carbohydrate products during oxidative ammonolysis under mechanochemical action, which are based on the cavitation of mechanical activation, have been studied by the authors of the article. Economically feasible and environmentally safe technology of obtaining solutions of humic substances to use as organic raw materials any types of peat has been created. Liquid humic fertilizers production unit "Lignovit" has been developed and tested.
{"title":"MECHANOCHEMISTRY OF LIQUID-PHASE OXIDATIVE AMMONOLYSIS OF NATURAL RAW MATERIALS","authors":"N. Bukeikhanov, T. Mikhailovskaya, I. Chmyr","doi":"10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.52","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides a brief overview of works on the production of nitrogen-containing organic fertilizers based on lignin-carbohydrate products. It has been shown that liquid-phase oxidative ammonolysis of plant raw materials is an effective method. Chemical transformations of the main components of lignin-carbohydrate products during oxidative ammonolysis under mechanochemical action, which are based on the cavitation of mechanical activation, have been studied by the authors of the article. Economically feasible and environmentally safe technology of obtaining solutions of humic substances to use as organic raw materials any types of peat has been created. Liquid humic fertilizers production unit \"Lignovit\" has been developed and tested.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84310650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.54
R. Nurdillayeva, A. Bayeshov, A. Abdikerim, G. Zhylysbayeva
The work shows the patterns of electrochemical dissolution of titanium electrodes polarized by alternating current in an aqueous solution of hydrogen bromide. The current density (200-1200 A/m2), hydrogen bromide concentration (1.0-5.0 M), electrolysis duration (0.25-2.0 hours), and electrolyte temperature depend on the current rate of the titanium electrode in the alternating current source (20°C-80°C) were considered. The maximum value of current yield was obtained at a current density of 400 A/m2 when titanium electrodes were polarized by an alternating current and it was recorded that the current yield is reduced at a high current density. It is shown that the current output for titanium increases directly proportional to the concentration of hydrogen bromide, i.e., hydrogen ion content. The order of the reaction which occurs during the electrolysis of hydrogen bromide is determined. It is proved that the current efficiency of dissolving titanium in the alternating current source decreases when the electrolysis time is increased, as the electrolysis products in the electrolyte settle down on the electrode surface. It is shown that as the temperature of the electrolyte solution is increased, the current output value for dissolving titanium rises to 48%. The activation energy determined according to the temperature-kinetic regime was 17.76 kJ/mol, the process was carried out according to the diffusion-kinetic regime. It was shown that titanium is dissolved in hydrogen bromide aqueous solution to form titanium (III) ions. The influence of the main parameters on the electrochemical dissolution of a polarized alternating current titanium electrode in hydrochloric acid is investigated and effective ways of titanium dissolution are considered. The results of the research can be used to propose a new method of titanium waste recycling and increase the potential of titanium electrode usage in production.
{"title":"ELECTROCHEMICAL DISSOLUTION OF TITANIUM ELECTRODES POLARIZED BY ALTERNATING CURRENT IN A HYDROBROMIC ACID AQUEOUS SOLUTION","authors":"R. Nurdillayeva, A. Bayeshov, A. Abdikerim, G. Zhylysbayeva","doi":"10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.54","url":null,"abstract":"The work shows the patterns of electrochemical dissolution of titanium electrodes polarized by alternating current in an aqueous solution of hydrogen bromide. The current density (200-1200 A/m2), hydrogen bromide concentration (1.0-5.0 M), electrolysis duration (0.25-2.0 hours), and electrolyte temperature depend on the current rate of the titanium electrode in the alternating current source (20°C-80°C) were considered. The maximum value of current yield was obtained at a current density of 400 A/m2 when titanium electrodes were polarized by an alternating current and it was recorded that the current yield is reduced at a high current density. It is shown that the current output for titanium increases directly proportional to the concentration of hydrogen bromide, i.e., hydrogen ion content. The order of the reaction which occurs during the electrolysis of hydrogen bromide is determined. It is proved that the current efficiency of dissolving titanium in the alternating current source decreases when the electrolysis time is increased, as the electrolysis products in the electrolyte settle down on the electrode surface. It is shown that as the temperature of the electrolyte solution is increased, the current output value for dissolving titanium rises to 48%. The activation energy determined according to the temperature-kinetic regime was 17.76 kJ/mol, the process was carried out according to the diffusion-kinetic regime. It was shown that titanium is dissolved in hydrogen bromide aqueous solution to form titanium (III) ions. The influence of the main parameters on the electrochemical dissolution of a polarized alternating current titanium electrode in hydrochloric acid is investigated and effective ways of titanium dissolution are considered. The results of the research can be used to propose a new method of titanium waste recycling and increase the potential of titanium electrode usage in production.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72842102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.56
S. Satayeva, B. Khamzina, D. Nazarova, Zh.T. Yerzhanova, R.I. Jussupkaliyeva, A.K. Abdygaliyeva, A. Murzagaliyeva
The last decades of human life were marked by a sharp increase in various technological processes in the economy and everyday life. This also affected the construction industry. In accordance with this, construction is one of the priorities of the national economy and meets the basic needs of the population. In work the technology of reception of a building brick with use of a waste of polymers and rubber products is considered. Polymer bricks were obtained for processing household waste. The following properties of polymer bricks were studied: short-term strength, moisture absorption, water resistance property, heat conductivity, sound insulation. It is proved that after the addition of polymers and rubber products to the brick, the performance indicators of the brick improved.
{"title":"TECHNOLOGY FOR OBTAINING A BUILDING BRICKWITH THE USE OF WASTE POLYMERSAND RUBBER-TECHNICAL PRODUCTS","authors":"S. Satayeva, B. Khamzina, D. Nazarova, Zh.T. Yerzhanova, R.I. Jussupkaliyeva, A.K. Abdygaliyeva, A. Murzagaliyeva","doi":"10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.56","url":null,"abstract":"The last decades of human life were marked by a sharp increase in various technological processes in the economy and everyday life. This also affected the construction industry. In accordance with this, construction is one of the priorities of the national economy and meets the basic needs of the population. In work the technology of reception of a building brick with use of a waste of polymers and rubber products is considered. Polymer bricks were obtained for processing household waste. The following properties of polymer bricks were studied: short-term strength, moisture absorption, water resistance property, heat conductivity, sound insulation. It is proved that after the addition of polymers and rubber products to the brick, the performance indicators of the brick improved.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90219202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.57
O. Nurkenov, Z. Nurmaganbetov, S. Fazylov, T. Seilkhanov, A. Gazaliev, Z. Muldakhmetov, R. Seidakhmetova, A. Mendibayeva
The article describes the results of studies on the synthesis and structural features of 4-lupinylbenzaldehydes and azomethine derivatives of the lupinine alkaloid. Chemical modification of the lupinine alkaloid was carried out by the halomethylene group in the C-1 position of the quinolysin backbone. The reactions were carried out in several stages. The results of the synthesis of 4-lupinylbenzaldehydes (4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 4-hydroxy-3-ethoxy-benzaldehyde) synthons in the synthesis of biologically active substances with yields of 67.3% and 74.0%, respectively, are presented. The interaction of 4-lupinylbenzaldehyde with 4-chlorobenzylamine and vinyl ester of monoethanolamine synthesized lupinyl-containing azomethines with yields of 78.4% and 77.4%, respectively. The structure of the obtained compounds was established based on the analysis of the ¹H and 13C NMR spectra, the multiplicity of signals in the 13C NMR spectra was determined from the spectra recorded in the J-modulation mode. The assignment of signals in the spectra was carried out using various modern methods of correlation spectroscopy 1H-1H (COZY), and 1H-13C (HMBC, HSQC). The values of chemical shifts, multiplicity and integral intensity of 1H and 13C signals in one-dimensional NMR spectra are determined. Bioscreening of new 4-lupinylbenzaldehydes and azomethines was carried out, among which substances with high antimicrobial activity were identified. The antimicrobial activity of all the presented samples was studied on reference test microorganisms: facultative anaerobic gram-positive cocci of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, aerobic gram-positive spore-forming Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, gram-negative rods facultative anaerobes of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 aerobic Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and yeast fungus Candida albicans ATCC 10231 by diffusion into agar (wells).
{"title":"SYNTHESIS, STRUCTURE AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF AZOMETHINES, DERIVATIVES OF 4-(O-LUPINYL)BENZALDEHYDE","authors":"O. Nurkenov, Z. Nurmaganbetov, S. Fazylov, T. Seilkhanov, A. Gazaliev, Z. Muldakhmetov, R. Seidakhmetova, A. Mendibayeva","doi":"10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.57","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the results of studies on the synthesis and structural features of 4-lupinylbenzaldehydes and azomethine derivatives of the lupinine alkaloid. Chemical modification of the lupinine alkaloid was carried out by the halomethylene group in the C-1 position of the quinolysin backbone. The reactions were carried out in several stages. The results of the synthesis of 4-lupinylbenzaldehydes (4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 4-hydroxy-3-ethoxy-benzaldehyde) synthons in the synthesis of biologically active substances with yields of 67.3% and 74.0%, respectively, are presented. The interaction of 4-lupinylbenzaldehyde with 4-chlorobenzylamine and vinyl ester of monoethanolamine synthesized lupinyl-containing azomethines with yields of 78.4% and 77.4%, respectively. The structure of the obtained compounds was established based on the analysis of the ¹H and 13C NMR spectra, the multiplicity of signals in the 13C NMR spectra was determined from the spectra recorded in the J-modulation mode. The assignment of signals in the spectra was carried out using various modern methods of correlation spectroscopy 1H-1H (COZY), and 1H-13C (HMBC, HSQC). The values of chemical shifts, multiplicity and integral intensity of 1H and 13C signals in one-dimensional NMR spectra are determined. Bioscreening of new 4-lupinylbenzaldehydes and azomethines was carried out, among which substances with high antimicrobial activity were identified. The antimicrobial activity of all the presented samples was studied on reference test microorganisms: facultative anaerobic gram-positive cocci of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, aerobic gram-positive spore-forming Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, gram-negative rods facultative anaerobes of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 aerobic Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and yeast fungus Candida albicans ATCC 10231 by diffusion into agar (wells).","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83297676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.60
A. Dyuryagina, YU.S. Byzova, T. A. Gorshkova, M. Lezhneva, K. Ostrovnoy
In this work the synthesize of organic amine-derived surfactant from petrochemical waste are considered, which will be used as a modifying additive for improved performance properties of asphalt concrete coatings. The relevance of this study is determined by the problem of solutions in the field of secondary processing of various waste products of petrochemical production for the purpose of their subsequent application for the synthesis of a new product. Recycled materials can be successfully used for the road construction industry as part of asphalt concrete coatings. This approach will significantly reduce the level of environmental pollution, and is also beneficial from an economic point of view.Using the method of probabilistic-deterministic planning of the experiment the modes of obtaining various compositions of amine derivatives by the reaction of amination of higher aldehydes with gaseous ammonia in the presence of lower aldehydes are optimized. The synthesis products are recommended for use as modifiers for the development of asphalt concrete mixtures with improved structural and mechanical characteristics. Due to the introduction of the synthesized AC-1 modifier at the level of 0.1-0.2%, the structural and mechanical characteristics of asphalt concrete mixtures are improved, which allows the use of this cost-effective modifier in the production of road surfaces with improved performance properties.
{"title":"SYNTHESIS OF MODIFIERS FROM PETROCHEMICAL WASTE FOR ASPHALT CONCRETE MIXTURES","authors":"A. Dyuryagina, YU.S. Byzova, T. A. Gorshkova, M. Lezhneva, K. Ostrovnoy","doi":"10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.60","url":null,"abstract":"In this work the synthesize of organic amine-derived surfactant from petrochemical waste are considered, which will be used as a modifying additive for improved performance properties of asphalt concrete coatings. The relevance of this study is determined by the problem of solutions in the field of secondary processing of various waste products of petrochemical production for the purpose of their subsequent application for the synthesis of a new product. Recycled materials can be successfully used for the road construction industry as part of asphalt concrete coatings. This approach will significantly reduce the level of environmental pollution, and is also beneficial from an economic point of view.Using the method of probabilistic-deterministic planning of the experiment the modes of obtaining various compositions of amine derivatives by the reaction of amination of higher aldehydes with gaseous ammonia in the presence of lower aldehydes are optimized. The synthesis products are recommended for use as modifiers for the development of asphalt concrete mixtures with improved structural and mechanical characteristics. Due to the introduction of the synthesized AC-1 modifier at the level of 0.1-0.2%, the structural and mechanical characteristics of asphalt concrete mixtures are improved, which allows the use of this cost-effective modifier in the production of road surfaces with improved performance properties.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81152120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.58
T. Jumadilov, Khuangul Khimersen, J. Haponiuk
The electrochemical behavior of macromolecules of commercial CNPLF and AB-17-8 ion exchangers under various initial states was analyzed by the methods of electrical conductivity and pH-meters. When considering ion exchangers in swollen states, with an increase in the ratio from cation exchanger to anion exchanger, significant changes are observed. The highest values of electrical conductivity are observed at 5:1 and 0:6, where at 5:1 the electrical conductivity of interpolymer systems is 2.5 times greater than at the minimum point at 5:1 (lewatit:anion exchanger), and about 2.0 times greater at 0:6 respectively. Due to the weak dissociation of H2O, the equilibrium will shift to the right. According to the Le Chatelier principle, additional H+ ions appear in the aquatic environment, the concentration of which increases to a ratio of 5:1. In the case of Lewatit˂AB-17-8, another equilibrium sets in, in which OH-groups are spent to neutralize H+ ions. To restore the concentration of OH- ions, the anion exchanger AV-17-8 additionally dissociates. The transition region at a ratio of 2:4 indicates that AB-17-8 is a stronger polyelectrolyte than lewatit. The minimum values are reflected in the equimolar state 3:3 (cation exchanger:anion exchanger). The difference between the minimum and maximum values reaches significant values. For example, at 0.08 hours, the χ value increases from 2 to 7, which is a 3.5-fold increase in electrical conductivity. The maximum electrical conductivity for the system CNPLFdry - AV-17-8sw is observed at a ratio of cation exchanger:anion exchanger 5:1. The minimum points are at ratios of 4:2 and 2:4. A distinctive feature of this system is the large difference between the maximum and minimum values, the values of which are higher than in the case of CNPLFsw - АВ-17-8sw. In the CNPLFsw - АВ-17-8dry system, the maximum areas were established at ratios of 3:3 and 2:4. The values of the maximum electrical conductivity are observed during the interaction of 30 hours. Minimal χ is observed at 0.08 hours. Thus, the obtained experimental results on χ and pH measurements for interpolymer systems consisting of dry and swollen ion exchangers indicate that changes in the initial state of one of the components significantly change the electrochemical behavior of ion exchangers and interpolymer systems, which affects the applied properties of industrial ion exchangers.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF INITIAL STATES ON THE ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF INDUSTRIAL IONITES IN THE INTERPOLYMER SYSTEM LEVATITE CNPLF – АВ-17-8: INFLUENCE OF INITIAL STATES ON THE ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF INDUSTRIAL IONITES IN THE INTERPOLYMER SYSTEM LEVATITE CNPLF – АВ-17-8","authors":"T. Jumadilov, Khuangul Khimersen, J. Haponiuk","doi":"10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.58","url":null,"abstract":"The electrochemical behavior of macromolecules of commercial CNPLF and AB-17-8 ion exchangers under various initial states was analyzed by the methods of electrical conductivity and pH-meters. When considering ion exchangers in swollen states, with an increase in the ratio from cation exchanger to anion exchanger, significant changes are observed. The highest values of electrical conductivity are observed at 5:1 and 0:6, where at 5:1 the electrical conductivity of interpolymer systems is 2.5 times greater than at the minimum point at 5:1 (lewatit:anion exchanger), and about 2.0 times greater at 0:6 respectively. Due to the weak dissociation of H2O, the equilibrium will shift to the right. According to the Le Chatelier principle, additional H+ ions appear in the aquatic environment, the concentration of which increases to a ratio of 5:1. In the case of Lewatit˂AB-17-8, another equilibrium sets in, in which OH-groups are spent to neutralize H+ ions. To restore the concentration of OH- ions, the anion exchanger AV-17-8 additionally dissociates. The transition region at a ratio of 2:4 indicates that AB-17-8 is a stronger polyelectrolyte than lewatit. The minimum values are reflected in the equimolar state 3:3 (cation exchanger:anion exchanger). The difference between the minimum and maximum values reaches significant values. For example, at 0.08 hours, the χ value increases from 2 to 7, which is a 3.5-fold increase in electrical conductivity. The maximum electrical conductivity for the system CNPLFdry - AV-17-8sw is observed at a ratio of cation exchanger:anion exchanger 5:1. The minimum points are at ratios of 4:2 and 2:4. A distinctive feature of this system is the large difference between the maximum and minimum values, the values of which are higher than in the case of CNPLFsw - АВ-17-8sw. In the CNPLFsw - АВ-17-8dry system, the maximum areas were established at ratios of 3:3 and 2:4. The values of the maximum electrical conductivity are observed during the interaction of 30 hours. Minimal χ is observed at 0.08 hours. Thus, the obtained experimental results on χ and pH measurements for interpolymer systems consisting of dry and swollen ion exchangers indicate that changes in the initial state of one of the components significantly change the electrochemical behavior of ion exchangers and interpolymer systems, which affects the applied properties of industrial ion exchangers.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75338689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.55
U. Ruziev, V. Guro, K. Sharipov, B.B. Kayumov, A. Niyazmatov
JSC "Almalyk MMC" produces products from hard alloys, using as a raw material tungsten concentrate from its own industrial waste - leaching cakes. Another potential resource is tungsten ore from the Ingichki deposit. Objective. It was known that the purity of the raw material and the presence of grain growth inhibitors in the carbide components affected the structure. It was of interest to evaluate the effect of impurities and alloying components of hard alloys on their hardness, wear resistance, and structure. The objects of study were samples of tungsten-containing raw materials, alloying components of hard alloys - compounds of vanadium, rhenium, samples modified by them - hard alloys of the "tungsten carbide - cobalt" type. Methodology. Their physical and mechanical parameters (Rockwell hardness, relative wear resistance), structure (EMPYREAN XDR, SEM-EDS EVO-MA Carl Zeiss Oxford Instrum), elemental composition (ICP-Aligent 7500 IСP MS) were controlled. Results and discussion. Installed. that the hard alloys modified with vanadium and rhenium turned out to be ≈ 3% harder and up to 90-100% more resistant to wear, compared to the serial original unmodified sample. Conclusion. Additional cleaning of tungsten anhydride led to an increase in wear resistance: from 38.5% (alloy “modified with 5% rhenium”, to 57.0% (with a single cleaning) and 65.3% (with three cleanings) of the alloy “modified with 5% rhenium with additional cleaning”, relative to unmodified carbide.
{"title":"RAW MATERIALS FOR MODIFIED HARD ALLOYS BASED ON TUNGSTEN CARBIDE","authors":"U. Ruziev, V. Guro, K. Sharipov, B.B. Kayumov, A. Niyazmatov","doi":"10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.55","url":null,"abstract":"JSC \"Almalyk MMC\" produces products from hard alloys, using as a raw material tungsten concentrate from its own industrial waste - leaching cakes. Another potential resource is tungsten ore from the Ingichki deposit. Objective. It was known that the purity of the raw material and the presence of grain growth inhibitors in the carbide components affected the structure. It was of interest to evaluate the effect of impurities and alloying components of hard alloys on their hardness, wear resistance, and structure. The objects of study were samples of tungsten-containing raw materials, alloying components of hard alloys - compounds of vanadium, rhenium, samples modified by them - hard alloys of the \"tungsten carbide - cobalt\" type. Methodology. Their physical and mechanical parameters (Rockwell hardness, relative wear resistance), structure (EMPYREAN XDR, SEM-EDS EVO-MA Carl Zeiss Oxford Instrum), elemental composition (ICP-Aligent 7500 IСP MS) were controlled. Results and discussion. Installed. that the hard alloys modified with vanadium and rhenium turned out to be ≈ 3% harder and up to 90-100% more resistant to wear, compared to the serial original unmodified sample. Conclusion. Additional cleaning of tungsten anhydride led to an increase in wear resistance: from 38.5% (alloy “modified with 5% rhenium”, to 57.0% (with a single cleaning) and 65.3% (with three cleanings) of the alloy “modified with 5% rhenium with additional cleaning”, relative to unmodified carbide.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80034803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.53
R. Kaiynbayeva, U. Jussipbekov, R. Chernyakova, G. Sultanbayeva, N. Kozhabekova, A.A. Agataeva, A. K. Shakirova
Jumming is the most widespread type of action on wells, which is a set of measures for selecting, preparation and injecting into the well special muffling fluids (MF) that ensure safe and safe preventive work. The natural salt of the Oimasha deposit can be considered as a cheap raw material component for the preparation of a dampening fluid. The work focuses on the influence of water type and Oimasha salt concentration on steel corrosion resistance of Art. 3 brand. Chemical analysis of Oimasha salt showed that Oimasha salt does not cake, does not lump, the size of lumps does not > 1 cm. The solubility of the salt in marine H2O is 2.25% higher than in waste H2O. The maximum density of H2O solutions based on marine (1,190 kg/m3) and waste (1,163 kg/m3) H2O is achieved with equal salt consumption (247-245 kg/t). In saline solutions, the content of insoluble substances does not exceed 0.6%, which eliminates the risk of salt deposits. Studies on the influence of different water types on corrosion behaviour of steel in the presence of Oimasha salt have shown that the highest V corrosion rate is observed in marine H2O, which is 1.8 times higher than in mixed water and 2,3 times more than wasted H2O. The corrosion rate in waters with the addition of Oimasha salt increases in the following order: Vmarine > Vmixed > Vwaste > Vtap.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF THE TYPE OF WATER ON THE CORROSION PROPERTIES OF THE \"OIMASHA SALT -H2O \" SYSTEM","authors":"R. Kaiynbayeva, U. Jussipbekov, R. Chernyakova, G. Sultanbayeva, N. Kozhabekova, A.A. Agataeva, A. K. Shakirova","doi":"10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.53","url":null,"abstract":"Jumming is the most widespread type of action on wells, which is a set of measures for selecting, preparation and injecting into the well special muffling fluids (MF) that ensure safe and safe preventive work. The natural salt of the Oimasha deposit can be considered as a cheap raw material component for the preparation of a dampening fluid. The work focuses on the influence of water type and Oimasha salt concentration on steel corrosion resistance of Art. 3 brand. Chemical analysis of Oimasha salt showed that Oimasha salt does not cake, does not lump, the size of lumps does not > 1 cm. The solubility of the salt in marine H2O is 2.25% higher than in waste H2O. The maximum density of H2O solutions based on marine (1,190 kg/m3) and waste (1,163 kg/m3) H2O is achieved with equal salt consumption (247-245 kg/t). In saline solutions, the content of insoluble substances does not exceed 0.6%, which eliminates the risk of salt deposits. Studies on the influence of different water types on corrosion behaviour of steel in the presence of Oimasha salt have shown that the highest V corrosion rate is observed in marine H2O, which is 1.8 times higher than in mixed water and 2,3 times more than wasted H2O. The corrosion rate in waters with the addition of Oimasha salt increases in the following order: Vmarine > Vmixed > Vwaste > Vtap.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87247218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.59
Ye.S. Sycheva, M. Mukanova, T. Seilkhanov
Interest in numerous naphthylamine derivatives is due to a wide range of their biological activity (growth-stimulating, antimicrobial, anticancer, antiviral, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, etc.). The aim of the workis the synthesis of biologically active N,S,O-containing substances in the series of acetylenic, alkoxy- and aroxyalkyl esters of naphthylamine. Study of acylation, propargylation and alkylation reactions of naphthalene-1-yl-bis(sodium carbamodiothioate). Methodology. New derivatives of naphthylbisdithiocarbamic acid were synthesized as a result of the modification of disubstituted α-naphthylaminedithiocarbamate. It was shown that the interaction of α-naphthylaminebisdithiocarbamate with benzoic acid chloride, propargyl bromide and alkyl halides (2-methoxyethyl, 2-ethoxyethyl, 2-phenoxyethyl, 3-phenoxypropyl) leads to the formation of the corresponding thioanhydride, dithioacetylenic, alkoxy- and aroxyalkyl esters of naphthylbisdithiocarbamic acid. Synthesis was carried out in acetone at room temperature for 1.5 – 3 h. Reaction coursewas monitored by TLC method. Results and discussion. It was established that propargylation, acylation and alkylation reactions of α-naphthylaminedithiocarbamine derivative proceed easily and with high yields (66 − 91%). The structure of the synthesized compounds was established based on the data of elemental analysis and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Thus, were synthesized new potentially biologically active naphthylbisdithiocarbamic acid derivatives, combining pharmacophore groups in their structure.
{"title":"CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF NAFTALINE-1-IL-BIS(SODIUM CARBAMODITHIOATE)","authors":"Ye.S. Sycheva, M. Mukanova, T. Seilkhanov","doi":"10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-1/2710-1185.59","url":null,"abstract":"Interest in numerous naphthylamine derivatives is due to a wide range of their biological activity (growth-stimulating, antimicrobial, anticancer, antiviral, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, etc.). The aim of the workis the synthesis of biologically active N,S,O-containing substances in the series of acetylenic, alkoxy- and aroxyalkyl esters of naphthylamine. Study of acylation, propargylation and alkylation reactions of naphthalene-1-yl-bis(sodium carbamodiothioate). Methodology. New derivatives of naphthylbisdithiocarbamic acid were synthesized as a result of the modification of disubstituted α-naphthylaminedithiocarbamate. It was shown that the interaction of α-naphthylaminebisdithiocarbamate with benzoic acid chloride, propargyl bromide and alkyl halides (2-methoxyethyl, 2-ethoxyethyl, 2-phenoxyethyl, 3-phenoxypropyl) leads to the formation of the corresponding thioanhydride, dithioacetylenic, alkoxy- and aroxyalkyl esters of naphthylbisdithiocarbamic acid. Synthesis was carried out in acetone at room temperature for 1.5 – 3 h. Reaction coursewas monitored by TLC method. Results and discussion. It was established that propargylation, acylation and alkylation reactions of α-naphthylaminedithiocarbamine derivative proceed easily and with high yields (66 − 91%). The structure of the synthesized compounds was established based on the data of elemental analysis and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Thus, were synthesized new potentially biologically active naphthylbisdithiocarbamic acid derivatives, combining pharmacophore groups in their structure.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78286303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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