Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.51580/2023-1.2710-1185.05
YU.S. Byzova, A. Dyuryagina, K. A. Ostrovnoi, T. A. Gorshkova, P.O. Savelyeva
Asphalt concrete coverings are short-lived and are destroyed under the influence of external factors. The insufficient degree of adhesion at the interface between the bituminous binder and the hard surface of the mineral material causes a low hydrophobicity of asphalt concrete coatings, which is the main cause of damage and premature wear of the roadway. Optimization of the bitumen composition by introducing a variety of modifying agents can intensify the processes of wetting the hard surface with bitumen and increase the hydrophobicity of the surface films formed by it. The purpose is to establish the influence of various modifiers on the processes of wetting the surface of crushed stone with a bituminous composition, as well as to study the regularities of the influence of modifiers on the hydrophobicity of bituminous films. The methodology of this work included experimental determination of the wetting contact angle θ of a solid surface by the lying drop method at T=298 K. Results. Increasing the AC-2K content in bitumen from 0 to 1% reduced the contact wetting angle by 11.31° (relative to the base version without the modifier) to 114.35°. The AC-2 modifier contributes less to improving the wettability of the surface of the basic crushed stone with bitumen; with Cm=1%, the contact wetting angle is reduced to 118.68°. When modifying bitumen, PPS recorded a significantly smaller decrease in wetting contact angle at a higher concentration (Cm=2%) – by 2.4° (from 125.66° to 123.26°). The amino derivative AC-2K (Cm=1%) has the greatest water-repellent effect among the studied modifiers, increasing the wetting edge angle to 99.07°. Conclusion. The water-repellent properties of bituminous compositions are enhanced (Δθ=4.02°) at a narrow range of concentrations of the modifier AC-2K (with Сm=1%). The ultrasonic cavitation-derived AC-2K can be recommended for use in asphalt concrete coatings as an adhesive additive that provides a good wetting effect of bitumen in relation to the surface of the mineral filler while also increasing the hydrophobicity of bitumen films.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF THE WETTING EFFECT OF SURFACTANTS OF VARIOUS NATURE IN THE BITUMEN COMPOSITION","authors":"YU.S. Byzova, A. Dyuryagina, K. A. Ostrovnoi, T. A. Gorshkova, P.O. Savelyeva","doi":"10.51580/2023-1.2710-1185.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2023-1.2710-1185.05","url":null,"abstract":"Asphalt concrete coverings are short-lived and are destroyed under the influence of external factors. The insufficient degree of adhesion at the interface between the bituminous binder and the hard surface of the mineral material causes a low hydrophobicity of asphalt concrete coatings, which is the main cause of damage and premature wear of the roadway. Optimization of the bitumen composition by introducing a variety of modifying agents can intensify the processes of wetting the hard surface with bitumen and increase the hydrophobicity of the surface films formed by it. The purpose is to establish the influence of various modifiers on the processes of wetting the surface of crushed stone with a bituminous composition, as well as to study the regularities of the influence of modifiers on the hydrophobicity of bituminous films. The methodology of this work included experimental determination of the wetting contact angle θ of a solid surface by the lying drop method at T=298 K. Results. Increasing the AC-2K content in bitumen from 0 to 1% reduced the contact wetting angle by 11.31° (relative to the base version without the modifier) to 114.35°. The AC-2 modifier contributes less to improving the wettability of the surface of the basic crushed stone with bitumen; with Cm=1%, the contact wetting angle is reduced to 118.68°. When modifying bitumen, PPS recorded a significantly smaller decrease in wetting contact angle at a higher concentration (Cm=2%) – by 2.4° (from 125.66° to 123.26°). The amino derivative AC-2K (Cm=1%) has the greatest water-repellent effect among the studied modifiers, increasing the wetting edge angle to 99.07°. Conclusion. The water-repellent properties of bituminous compositions are enhanced (Δθ=4.02°) at a narrow range of concentrations of the modifier AC-2K (with Сm=1%). The ultrasonic cavitation-derived AC-2K can be recommended for use in asphalt concrete coatings as an adhesive additive that provides a good wetting effect of bitumen in relation to the surface of the mineral filler while also increasing the hydrophobicity of bitumen films.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84290207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.90
M.G. Murzagaliyeva, N. Ashimkhan, A. Tanybayeva, A. Rysmagambetova
Due to the opening of a large number of industrial enterprises, one of the urgent problems is the purification of industrial waters and waste recycling. In connection with the reduction of environmental conditions, there is a need to tighten the requirements for the discharge of industrial wastewater and waste. Currently, the methods of wastewater discharge have been changed. In addition, there are requirements for the development of effective approaches in the field of industrial wastewater treatment. The main purpose of the research work is the wastewater treatment of OC "Kainar-AKB" from toxic metal ions using natural adsorbents. According to the study of wastewater treatment by OC "Kainar-AKB" bentonite montmorillonite (Sredny Tentek), red bentonite (Mukry), zeolite (Maytobe) and diatomite (Ile) were taken as natural adsorbents. To determine the chemical composition of the studied objects, an X-ray phase analysis was carried out. As a result of qualitative and semi–quantitative analysis of minerals, it was found that the main component of diatomite is SiO2, in cyolite - the content of Laumontite Ca4Al8Si16O48·14h2o (51.3%). As a result of the study, it was found that natural minerals from the Almaty region have sorption properties, that is, they can be used to purify all industrial wastewater. Since the results obtained exceeded the MPC standards for wastewater, it can be recommended to use these sorbents in wastewater treatment processes along with other methods (reagent, biological, etc.).
{"title":"WASTEWATER TREATMENT FROM CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS NATURAL ADSORBENTS","authors":"M.G. Murzagaliyeva, N. Ashimkhan, A. Tanybayeva, A. Rysmagambetova","doi":"10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.90","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the opening of a large number of industrial enterprises, one of the urgent problems is the purification of industrial waters and waste recycling. In connection with the reduction of environmental conditions, there is a need to tighten the requirements for the discharge of industrial wastewater and waste. Currently, the methods of wastewater discharge have been changed. In addition, there are requirements for the development of effective approaches in the field of industrial wastewater treatment. The main purpose of the research work is the wastewater treatment of OC \"Kainar-AKB\" from toxic metal ions using natural adsorbents. According to the study of wastewater treatment by OC \"Kainar-AKB\" bentonite montmorillonite (Sredny Tentek), red bentonite (Mukry), zeolite (Maytobe) and diatomite (Ile) were taken as natural adsorbents. To determine the chemical composition of the studied objects, an X-ray phase analysis was carried out. As a result of qualitative and semi–quantitative analysis of minerals, it was found that the main component of diatomite is SiO2, in cyolite - the content of Laumontite Ca4Al8Si16O48·14h2o (51.3%). As a result of the study, it was found that natural minerals from the Almaty region have sorption properties, that is, they can be used to purify all industrial wastewater. Since the results obtained exceeded the MPC standards for wastewater, it can be recommended to use these sorbents in wastewater treatment processes along with other methods (reagent, biological, etc.).","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77558901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.89
А.М. Azimov, B.M. Smaiylov, C. T. Aravindkumar, U. Aravind
The processes of membrane separation and concentration belong to the category of critical technologies for obtaining and processing structural and functional materials for desalination of water. The prospects and advantages of polyamides membranes are determined based on the analysis of the kinetics of membrane separation, the polyamides membrane has resistance to the studied salt solutions. The purpose of this work is to study the features and regularities of the mechanism of selective extraction of salt ions from water by polyamide membranes. Great importance are the methods of water purification in the selective extraction of salt ions from water using polyamide membranes. Methodology. Polyamides have a high selectivity with respect to salts, but the flow of water through them is slightly lower. At a pH range 2.0 – 10 polyamides, they withstand processing temperatures up to 100 0C without significant changes in the porous structure, allow multiple regeneration, and are resistant to most acids, depending on the pH of the medium. Results. According to the results of pilot tests in the extraction of salt ions from water using polyamide membranes, it was found that in the pH region = 6-7, the joint presence of the main charged forms of salt ions is assumed. Conclusion. Thus, based on the results, it follows that the values of the diffusion coefficients of salt ions in membranes with pore radii from 5 to 8 nm at pH =6.5–7.5 are generally comparable for salt ions.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF THE MECHANISM OF SELECTIVE EXTRACTION OF IONS OF VARIOUS SALTS FROM WATER, USING POLYAMIDE MEMBRANES","authors":"А.М. Azimov, B.M. Smaiylov, C. T. Aravindkumar, U. Aravind","doi":"10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.89","url":null,"abstract":"The processes of membrane separation and concentration belong to the category of critical technologies for obtaining and processing structural and functional materials for desalination of water. The prospects and advantages of polyamides membranes are determined based on the analysis of the kinetics of membrane separation, the polyamides membrane has resistance to the studied salt solutions. The purpose of this work is to study the features and regularities of the mechanism of selective extraction of salt ions from water by polyamide membranes. Great importance are the methods of water purification in the selective extraction of salt ions from water using polyamide membranes. Methodology. Polyamides have a high selectivity with respect to salts, but the flow of water through them is slightly lower. At a pH range 2.0 – 10 polyamides, they withstand processing temperatures up to 100 0C without significant changes in the porous structure, allow multiple regeneration, and are resistant to most acids, depending on the pH of the medium. Results. According to the results of pilot tests in the extraction of salt ions from water using polyamide membranes, it was found that in the pH region = 6-7, the joint presence of the main charged forms of salt ions is assumed. Conclusion. Thus, based on the results, it follows that the values of the diffusion coefficients of salt ions in membranes with pore radii from 5 to 8 nm at pH =6.5–7.5 are generally comparable for salt ions.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84329950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.91
S. Yestemes, D. Makhayeva, G. Irmukhametova
Hydrogel ointments based on complex of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) with iodine and carbopol 940 as a gel base were obtained. The rheological properties of hydrogels have been studied. It has been established that the viscosity characteristics of the gels depend only on concentration of carbopol 940 and presence of polymeric iodophor complex does not affect their rheological properties. The study of release of iodine from obtained hydrogels using Frans cell installation showed that samples of carbopol 940-POZ-iodine/iodide release the smallest amount of iodine and show a prolonging effect. The possibility of using hydrogel ointments as dosage forms for treatment of skin diseases has been studied. It is shown that obtained gel samples are able to stay on the skin surface in the flush mode for 40 minutes, while there is no staining of the skin with iodine.
{"title":"Obtaining and study of the physicochemical properties of hydrogel ointments based on the complex of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) with iodine and carbopol","authors":"S. Yestemes, D. Makhayeva, G. Irmukhametova","doi":"10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.91","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogel ointments based on complex of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) with iodine and carbopol 940 as a gel base were obtained. The rheological properties of hydrogels have been studied. It has been established that the viscosity characteristics of the gels depend only on concentration of carbopol 940 and presence of polymeric iodophor complex does not affect their rheological properties. The study of release of iodine from obtained hydrogels using Frans cell installation showed that samples of carbopol 940-POZ-iodine/iodide release the smallest amount of iodine and show a prolonging effect. The possibility of using hydrogel ointments as dosage forms for treatment of skin diseases has been studied. It is shown that obtained gel samples are able to stay on the skin surface in the flush mode for 40 minutes, while there is no staining of the skin with iodine.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91178448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.92
A. Dyuryagina, A.A. Lutsenkо, T. V. Shirina, D.Yu. Kozik, G. Aubakirova
The rapid progress of water-dispersion paint and varnish materials from the group of waterborne is due to a number of their advantages in comparison with other paint and varnish materials from the category of environmentally friendly. They provide the possibility of low-temperature drying up to room temperature. The purpose is to establish the electrical conductivity and degree of dissociation of surfactants (surfactants) PAN and PES. The methodology of the work included the determination of the specific electrical conductivity (χ, mSm/cm) and the hydrogen index (pH) in freshly prepared and seasoned (at least 48 h) solutions with different additive contents (C = 0÷4 g/dm3) at T = 298 K. Introduction. It was found that at comparable concentrations in water (from 0.25 to 4 g/dm3), PAN is characterized by a greater range of changes in specific electrical conductivity (from 6.21 to 16.97 mSm) than PES (from 3.48 to 4.11 mSm). According to experimental data, sodium polyacrylate is a polyelectrolyte dissociating in water to form polyacrylate macroanions. The degree of dissociation of PAN in dilute solutions (0.25 g / dm3) is maximum and is 28 %. An increase in concentration (From 0.25 g/dm3) is accompanied by a decrease in α to the level of 8 % at SPAN = 4 g/dm3. Polyethersiloxane copolymer, in turn, is a weaker electrolyte than PAN. The degree of dissociation of its macromolecules in dilute solution (0.25 g/dm3) is 1.5 times less and is 19%). In the region of elevated concentrations (СPES = 4 g/dm3), α does not exceed 2 %, that is, 4 times lower than in the isoconcentration solution of PAN. Dissociation of amphiphilic compounds is accompanied by the release of slightly acidic functional groups, which provides a shift in the hydrogen index. With respect to bidistilled water (pH = 5.4), pH gradually decreases to a minimum level of 4.26 in PAN solutions and 4.64 in PES solutions. As the duration of the exposure of the solution increases, the change in α and pH is due to the accumulation of hydrolysis products, after 48 hours in the isoconcentration solutions of PAN and PES, the values of the hydrogen index changed by 0.1-0.8 and 0.1-0.4, respectively.
{"title":"PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF POLYMER SURFACTANTS","authors":"A. Dyuryagina, A.A. Lutsenkо, T. V. Shirina, D.Yu. Kozik, G. Aubakirova","doi":"10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.92","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid progress of water-dispersion paint and varnish materials from the group of waterborne is due to a number of their advantages in comparison with other paint and varnish materials from the category of environmentally friendly. They provide the possibility of low-temperature drying up to room temperature. The purpose is to establish the electrical conductivity and degree of dissociation of surfactants (surfactants) PAN and PES. The methodology of the work included the determination of the specific electrical conductivity (χ, mSm/cm) and the hydrogen index (pH) in freshly prepared and seasoned (at least 48 h) solutions with different additive contents (C = 0÷4 g/dm3) at T = 298 K. Introduction. It was found that at comparable concentrations in water (from 0.25 to 4 g/dm3), PAN is characterized by a greater range of changes in specific electrical conductivity (from 6.21 to 16.97 mSm) than PES (from 3.48 to 4.11 mSm). According to experimental data, sodium polyacrylate is a polyelectrolyte dissociating in water to form polyacrylate macroanions. The degree of dissociation of PAN in dilute solutions (0.25 g / dm3) is maximum and is 28 %. An increase in concentration (From 0.25 g/dm3) is accompanied by a decrease in α to the level of 8 % at SPAN = 4 g/dm3. Polyethersiloxane copolymer, in turn, is a weaker electrolyte than PAN. The degree of dissociation of its macromolecules in dilute solution (0.25 g/dm3) is 1.5 times less and is 19%). In the region of elevated concentrations (СPES = 4 g/dm3), α does not exceed 2 %, that is, 4 times lower than in the isoconcentration solution of PAN. Dissociation of amphiphilic compounds is accompanied by the release of slightly acidic functional groups, which provides a shift in the hydrogen index. With respect to bidistilled water (pH = 5.4), pH gradually decreases to a minimum level of 4.26 in PAN solutions and 4.64 in PES solutions. As the duration of the exposure of the solution increases, the change in α and pH is due to the accumulation of hydrolysis products, after 48 hours in the isoconcentration solutions of PAN and PES, the values of the hydrogen index changed by 0.1-0.8 and 0.1-0.4, respectively.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87425335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.100
A. Bayeshov, М. Turlybekova, Aliya Tazhibayeva, A. Bayeshova, А. Zharmenov
In this paper, considered the ways of obtaining a composite electrochemical coating by entering molybdenum (VI) oxide into the copper matrix in order to improve the physicochemical properties of the copper coating. The influence of electrochemical parameters (solution concentration, current density, concentration of molybdenum (VI) oxide) is investigated with cathodic polarization of a titanium electrode in aqueous solutions of copper sulfate. In the course of studies of the influence of the concentration of a dispersed particle that is part of a copper-molybdenum oxide (VI) composite, it was found that at high concentrations of dispersed particles in solution, the cathode surface is passivated and the optimal concentration of the dispersed component is determined. It was noted that with increasing current density, the amount of molybdenum (VI) oxide penetrating into the copper matrix increases slightly, these data were explained by the charge difference of the particles, as well as adsorption properties. As a result of the study, a compact composite coating on the cathode in a dispersed suspension of the composite in a solution of copper (II) sulfate was obtained. The results of the physico-chemical analysis of the resulting composite coating showed that 1.2% dispersed molybdenum (VI) oxide entered the copper matrix. As a result of tests of a composite coating made of copper-molybdenum oxide for chemical corrosion, it was found that this coating has high corrosion resistance from a copper coating obtained without molybdenum (VI) oxide. The surface roughness of the coating obtained on the cathode surface was observed in microphotographs. This was explained by the fact that molybdenum (VI) oxide penetrates into the copper matrix in the form of dispersed granules and forms a composite electrochemical shell with a copper coating.
{"title":"OBTAINING OF A COMPOSITE COATING OF COPPER-MOLYBDENUM (VI) OXIDE WITH CATHODIC POLARIZATION","authors":"A. Bayeshov, М. Turlybekova, Aliya Tazhibayeva, A. Bayeshova, А. Zharmenov","doi":"10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.100","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, considered the ways of obtaining a composite electrochemical coating by entering molybdenum (VI) oxide into the copper matrix in order to improve the physicochemical properties of the copper coating. The influence of electrochemical parameters (solution concentration, current density, concentration of molybdenum (VI) oxide) is investigated with cathodic polarization of a titanium electrode in aqueous solutions of copper sulfate. In the course of studies of the influence of the concentration of a dispersed particle that is part of a copper-molybdenum oxide (VI) composite, it was found that at high concentrations of dispersed particles in solution, the cathode surface is passivated and the optimal concentration of the dispersed component is determined. It was noted that with increasing current density, the amount of molybdenum (VI) oxide penetrating into the copper matrix increases slightly, these data were explained by the charge difference of the particles, as well as adsorption properties. As a result of the study, a compact composite coating on the cathode in a dispersed suspension of the composite in a solution of copper (II) sulfate was obtained. The results of the physico-chemical analysis of the resulting composite coating showed that 1.2% dispersed molybdenum (VI) oxide entered the copper matrix. As a result of tests of a composite coating made of copper-molybdenum oxide for chemical corrosion, it was found that this coating has high corrosion resistance from a copper coating obtained without molybdenum (VI) oxide. The surface roughness of the coating obtained on the cathode surface was observed in microphotographs. This was explained by the fact that molybdenum (VI) oxide penetrates into the copper matrix in the form of dispersed granules and forms a composite electrochemical shell with a copper coating.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89539964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.95
R. Kaiynbayeva, G. Sultanbayeva, N. Kozhabekova, A. K. Shakirova, R. Chernyakova, U.Zh. Dzhussipbekov
Water inhibitors should be used to prevent corrosion of the pipelines and heat exchangers. The phosphorus containing compounds include phosphates, polyphosphate, thiophosphates, pyrophosphates, phosphonates, etc., as the corrosion inhibitors. They are anode inhibitors and, when used on a metal surface, form soluble compounds of oxides, hydroxides and salts, which slow corrosion. The goal of the work. Study the influence of sodium tripolyphosphate concentration on the corrosive aggressiveness in the “Oimash salt – H2O –NaTPP” system, depending on the type of waters used. Methods. The studies have been carried out by the gravimetric method at the room temperature. Results and discussion: It follows from the obtained results that in the marine water with the addition of NaTPP in concentrations from 20 to 100 mg/l within each of the studied concentrations of the Oimash salt, the corrosion rate Vcorr decreases as compared with the control experiment (Vcorr– 0.762mm/year). The results have shown that an increase in the Oimash salt concentration up to 30% in the “Oimash–H2O–NaTPP” salt system leads to an increase in the solution density from 1.090g/cm3 up to 1.165 g/cm3, and the corrosion rate of steel is reduced intensively. At sodium tripolyphosphate concentrations of up to 250 mg/l, Vcorr decreases down to 125 mm/a and at specified CNATPP the protection level is 83.58%. The addition of NaTPP to the “Oimash Salt – Waste H2O” system increases the corrosion rate of steel, while the corrosion rate of steel relative to the test experience decreases 0.118-0.165 mm/year. The highest protection (50.6%) is achieved at CNaTPP = 20 mg/l. Conclusions: In the composite systems a high degree of protection is found in marine (83.58%) water. The marine water with the additives of Oimash salt and NaTPP can be used for the preparation of the composite fluids jamming.
{"title":"STUDY OF THE INHIBITORY PROPERTIES OF SODIUM TRIPOLYPHOSPHATE IN THE \"OIMASH SALT-H2O- NaTPP\" SYSTEM","authors":"R. Kaiynbayeva, G. Sultanbayeva, N. Kozhabekova, A. K. Shakirova, R. Chernyakova, U.Zh. Dzhussipbekov","doi":"10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.95","url":null,"abstract":"Water inhibitors should be used to prevent corrosion of the pipelines and heat exchangers. The phosphorus containing compounds include phosphates, polyphosphate, thiophosphates, pyrophosphates, phosphonates, etc., as the corrosion inhibitors. They are anode inhibitors and, when used on a metal surface, form soluble compounds of oxides, hydroxides and salts, which slow corrosion. The goal of the work. Study the influence of sodium tripolyphosphate concentration on the corrosive aggressiveness in the “Oimash salt – H2O –NaTPP” system, depending on the type of waters used. Methods. The studies have been carried out by the gravimetric method at the room temperature. Results and discussion: It follows from the obtained results that in the marine water with the addition of NaTPP in concentrations from 20 to 100 mg/l within each of the studied concentrations of the Oimash salt, the corrosion rate Vcorr decreases as compared with the control experiment (Vcorr– 0.762mm/year). The results have shown that an increase in the Oimash salt concentration up to 30% in the “Oimash–H2O–NaTPP” salt system leads to an increase in the solution density from 1.090g/cm3 up to 1.165 g/cm3, and the corrosion rate of steel is reduced intensively. At sodium tripolyphosphate concentrations of up to 250 mg/l, Vcorr decreases down to 125 mm/a and at specified CNATPP the protection level is 83.58%. The addition of NaTPP to the “Oimash Salt – Waste H2O” system increases the corrosion rate of steel, while the corrosion rate of steel relative to the test experience decreases 0.118-0.165 mm/year. The highest protection (50.6%) is achieved at CNaTPP = 20 mg/l. Conclusions: In the composite systems a high degree of protection is found in marine (83.58%) water. The marine water with the additives of Oimash salt and NaTPP can be used for the preparation of the composite fluids jamming.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84094740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.98
S. Satayeva, B. Khamzina, D. Nazarova, A.G. Abdrakhmanova, Zh.T. Yerzhanova, A.Zh. Kazhimova
The practice of the motor roads operation in the Republic of Kazakhstan shows that the durability of asphalt concrete pavements on them is much lower than the standard terms. Therefore, maintaining roads in a condition, whichmeets the requirements of traffic flows is impossible without the use of new, progressive materials and technologies. The main factor influencing a sharp decrease in the service life of the road surfaces is the use of low-quality bitumen as a binder in asphalt concrete mixtures, since microcracks develop mainly in its film.The goal of the work. In this paper, the physical and mechanical properties of bitumen of the grade ORB(oil road bitumen) 70/110 of the Aktau bitumen plant have beenstudied. Methods.To improve the operational characteristics of bitumen, modification with polyethylene and polystyrene waste has beencarried out.Results and discussion.It has beenshown that after the addition of the modifying additives, the main indicators of bitumen have improved. For polyethylene: the depth of needle penetration has decreased from 70 down to 61 mm, the extensibilityof bitumenhas decreased by 52 cm, which indicates an improvement in the plasticity and elasticity, the softening temperature along the ring and ball has increased from 49 up to 59 °C, which leads to reducingthe tendency of bitumen deformation, and the brittleness temperature has beenwithin the normal range -not less than -20 °C. In case of using polystyrene, the penetration characterizing the bitumen hardness decreases from 70 mm down to 61 mm; the extensibilityof bitumen increases by 10 cm, which indicates an improvement in the elasticity and strength, due to the presence of the resulting structural network. Conclusion. The softening temperature of bitumen increases, which leads to an improvement in the heat resistance and viscosity.
{"title":"STUDY OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ROAD BITUMEN ORB 70/100","authors":"S. Satayeva, B. Khamzina, D. Nazarova, A.G. Abdrakhmanova, Zh.T. Yerzhanova, A.Zh. Kazhimova","doi":"10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.98","url":null,"abstract":"The practice of the motor roads operation in the Republic of Kazakhstan shows that the durability of asphalt concrete pavements on them is much lower than the standard terms. Therefore, maintaining roads in a condition, whichmeets the requirements of traffic flows is impossible without the use of new, progressive materials and technologies. The main factor influencing a sharp decrease in the service life of the road surfaces is the use of low-quality bitumen as a binder in asphalt concrete mixtures, since microcracks develop mainly in its film.The goal of the work. In this paper, the physical and mechanical properties of bitumen of the grade ORB(oil road bitumen) 70/110 of the Aktau bitumen plant have beenstudied. Methods.To improve the operational characteristics of bitumen, modification with polyethylene and polystyrene waste has beencarried out.Results and discussion.It has beenshown that after the addition of the modifying additives, the main indicators of bitumen have improved. For polyethylene: the depth of needle penetration has decreased from 70 down to 61 mm, the extensibilityof bitumenhas decreased by 52 cm, which indicates an improvement in the plasticity and elasticity, the softening temperature along the ring and ball has increased from 49 up to 59 °C, which leads to reducingthe tendency of bitumen deformation, and the brittleness temperature has beenwithin the normal range -not less than -20 °C. In case of using polystyrene, the penetration characterizing the bitumen hardness decreases from 70 mm down to 61 mm; the extensibilityof bitumen increases by 10 cm, which indicates an improvement in the elasticity and strength, due to the presence of the resulting structural network. Conclusion. The softening temperature of bitumen increases, which leads to an improvement in the heat resistance and viscosity.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88480600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.101
A.Sh. Kydyraliyeva, O. K. Beissenbayev, K. Nadirov, Ye.A. Tussupkaliyev
In the article, the issues of obtaining new anti-corrosion compositions for protecting the bottom of oil storage tanks from corrosion. It is shown that the available domestic materials for the production of anti-corrosion protective coatings have not yet been widely used to protect the equipment of oil production and storage facilities from corrosion. One of the ways to solve this problem is the development of new anti-corrosion compositions based on secondary polymers and some natural resins. The composition of a new composite material for corrosion protection of the bottom of oil storage tanks is proposed. Polymer compositions were obtained by mixing the components in a laboratory multifunctional extruder. Based on spectral studies, a conclusion was made about the structure of the composite, it was shown that the most probable chemical processes occurring in the extruder are the interaction of vinyl acetate with gossypol, its derivatives, as well as molecules of free fatty acids of gossypol resin. The obtained microscopic images of corrosion products on the metal surface of the bottom of the metal of the tank allow us to state that under these conditions, pitting corrosion occurs, the penetration depth of the needle is 4–6 mm/year. The addition of gossypol resin and savilen to the composition of the composite promotes inhibition of the rate of the oxidative degradation process, and additionally increases adhesion to the metal surface by 10-15%. The resulting composition of polymeric anticorrosion compositions based on sevilen, secondary polypropylene, crushed polyethylene terephthalate and gossypol resin is an effective anticorrosion coating and can be used to protect the bottom of oil storage tanks from corrosion.
{"title":"OBTAINING ANTI-CORROSION COMPOSITIONS BASED ON SECONDARY POLYPROPYLENE AND POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE","authors":"A.Sh. Kydyraliyeva, O. K. Beissenbayev, K. Nadirov, Ye.A. Tussupkaliyev","doi":"10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.101","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, the issues of obtaining new anti-corrosion compositions for protecting the bottom of oil storage tanks from corrosion. It is shown that the available domestic materials for the production of anti-corrosion protective coatings have not yet been widely used to protect the equipment of oil production and storage facilities from corrosion. One of the ways to solve this problem is the development of new anti-corrosion compositions based on secondary polymers and some natural resins. The composition of a new composite material for corrosion protection of the bottom of oil storage tanks is proposed. Polymer compositions were obtained by mixing the components in a laboratory multifunctional extruder. Based on spectral studies, a conclusion was made about the structure of the composite, it was shown that the most probable chemical processes occurring in the extruder are the interaction of vinyl acetate with gossypol, its derivatives, as well as molecules of free fatty acids of gossypol resin. The obtained microscopic images of corrosion products on the metal surface of the bottom of the metal of the tank allow us to state that under these conditions, pitting corrosion occurs, the penetration depth of the needle is 4–6 mm/year. The addition of gossypol resin and savilen to the composition of the composite promotes inhibition of the rate of the oxidative degradation process, and additionally increases adhesion to the metal surface by 10-15%. The resulting composition of polymeric anticorrosion compositions based on sevilen, secondary polypropylene, crushed polyethylene terephthalate and gossypol resin is an effective anticorrosion coating and can be used to protect the bottom of oil storage tanks from corrosion.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78047830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.94
Y.A. Zholdas, A. Bolatov, A. Kuznetsov, K. Kokh, B. Uralbekov, A. Kokh
The rare-earth borate compounds are widely used in various fields of science and technology as solid-state lasers, LEDs, and plasma panels. Development of blue emitting phosphors typically involves doping with cerium ions various matrices, exhibiting high photoluminescence quantum yields for LEDs. However, the main problem of such compounds, in addition to the concentration quenching, is the presence in the matrix of both the trivalent Ce3+ and tetravalent Ce4+ states of cerium ions. The goal. Study of the luminescent properties of the new KSrY0.95(BO3)2:0.05Ce3+ compound. Experimental. New phosphors based on complex borate KSrY(BO3)2 doped with cerium ions have been obtained by the solid-phase synthesis. The mixture of the starting materials after grinding in an agate mortar has been calcined at 700°C in a platinum crucible for 12 hours. The calcination temperature has been increased in steps of 50°C with re-ground of the mixture at each stage. The KSrY0.95(BO3)2:0.05Ce3+sample has been annealed in hydrogen at 900°C for 8 hours. Results and discussion. The X-ray phase analysis has shown that the new compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/m. The calculated unit cell parameters for KSrY0.95(BO3)2:0.05Ce3+are: a = 9.2861(23) Å, b = 5.3654(6) Å, c = 6.5854(14) Å, V = 289.7(1) Å3. In the crystal structure of KSrY(BO3)2, each B atom is connected to three O atoms, forming a BO3 triangle. The planar groups (BO3)3 are distributed layer by layer in the plane. The Y atoms are surrounded by six oxygen atoms, forming an octahedral structure and occupying interlayer positions.Ce3+ ions in the crystal lattice mainly replace the Y+3positions based on the similarity of the ionic radius and valency of Y+3 (r = 0.90 Å, CN = VI), Ce3+ (r = 1.01 Å, CN = VI). Conclusion. At a wavelength of 440 nm, the excitation spectrum exhibits one absorption band with the 2F7/2 → 5D1 energy transition, which corresponds to the excitation of the cerium ion from the ground state to the excited state. A decrease in the luminescence intensity of the KSrY0.95(BO3)2:0.05Ce3+ sample has been found for 3 hours after its annealing.
{"title":"SYNTHESIS AND LUMINESCENCE OF CERIUM DOPED KSrY(BO3)2","authors":"Y.A. Zholdas, A. Bolatov, A. Kuznetsov, K. Kokh, B. Uralbekov, A. Kokh","doi":"10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2022-3/2710-1185.94","url":null,"abstract":"The rare-earth borate compounds are widely used in various fields of science and technology as solid-state lasers, LEDs, and plasma panels. Development of blue emitting phosphors typically involves doping with cerium ions various matrices, exhibiting high photoluminescence quantum yields for LEDs. However, the main problem of such compounds, in addition to the concentration quenching, is the presence in the matrix of both the trivalent Ce3+ and tetravalent Ce4+ states of cerium ions. The goal. Study of the luminescent properties of the new KSrY0.95(BO3)2:0.05Ce3+ compound. Experimental. New phosphors based on complex borate KSrY(BO3)2 doped with cerium ions have been obtained by the solid-phase synthesis. The mixture of the starting materials after grinding in an agate mortar has been calcined at 700°C in a platinum crucible for 12 hours. The calcination temperature has been increased in steps of 50°C with re-ground of the mixture at each stage. The KSrY0.95(BO3)2:0.05Ce3+sample has been annealed in hydrogen at 900°C for 8 hours. Results and discussion. The X-ray phase analysis has shown that the new compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/m. The calculated unit cell parameters for KSrY0.95(BO3)2:0.05Ce3+are: a = 9.2861(23) Å, b = 5.3654(6) Å, c = 6.5854(14) Å, V = 289.7(1) Å3. In the crystal structure of KSrY(BO3)2, each B atom is connected to three O atoms, forming a BO3 triangle. The planar groups (BO3)3 are distributed layer by layer in the plane. The Y atoms are surrounded by six oxygen atoms, forming an octahedral structure and occupying interlayer positions.Ce3+ ions in the crystal lattice mainly replace the Y+3positions based on the similarity of the ionic radius and valency of Y+3 (r = 0.90 Å, CN = VI), Ce3+ (r = 1.01 Å, CN = VI). Conclusion. At a wavelength of 440 nm, the excitation spectrum exhibits one absorption band with the 2F7/2 → 5D1 energy transition, which corresponds to the excitation of the cerium ion from the ground state to the excited state. A decrease in the luminescence intensity of the KSrY0.95(BO3)2:0.05Ce3+ sample has been found for 3 hours after its annealing.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74051969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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