Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.20
B. Smailov, B. Zakirov, Shaizada Koshkarbayeva, A. Kadirbayeva, U. Aravind, N. Issabayev
To date, accumulated industrial waste creates serious environmental problems in the regions. Therefore, their processing in order to obtain valuable products is an urgent task. As a result of the reduction electric smelting of phosphorite raw materials in the Novo-Dzhambul phosphorus plant, about 150-160 kg of cuttrel dust is formed per 1 ton of yellow phosphorus. The resulting cuttrel dust is considered as a secondary raw material, it can be used to obtain phosphoruscontaining mineral fertilizers, since the boiler dust contains a proportion of phosphorus and other useful components. The purpose of this work is the processing of phosphorus production waste - cuttrel dust with the use of sulfuric acid to obtain phosphorus-containing mineral fertilizers. Methodology. For the processing of cuttrel dust under experimental conditions, instrumental test methods were chosen using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) of the Jeol JSM-6490l V brand, a multi-parameter portable cyberscanner (PCD 650 Eutech) and a Q-1500 Derivatograph. Results. According to the results of microscopic studies, it was determined that the content of the main useful component in the cuttrel dust P2O5 in the range of 30-31%. The thermodynamic regularities of the process of decomposition of cuttrel dust with the help of a solution of sulfuric acid have been studied. The standard thermal effects of changes in the enthalpy, entropy and the value of the Gibbs energy of the system at a temperature of 333–363K were determined using the HSC-6 complex program. The methods of mathematical processing are considered in order to determine the reliability of the results of the experimental work. The optimal technological parameters of this process have been established and determined. Conclusion. A technology has been developed for obtaining phosphorus-containing monocalcium phosphate based cuttrel dust from the waste of the Novo-Dzhambul phosphorus plant using sulfuric acid solutions. The advantage of the resulting phosphorus-containing component is that it has a high solubility and absorption of phosphorus to plants. They are also characterized by a high content of phosphorus-containing substances, which ensure the growth and productivity of agricultural plants and plant resistance to environmental stress factors.
{"title":"PHYSICO-CHEMICAL STUDIES OF RAW MATERIALS FOR OBTAINING PHOSPHORUS-CONTAINING FERTILIZERS","authors":"B. Smailov, B. Zakirov, Shaizada Koshkarbayeva, A. Kadirbayeva, U. Aravind, N. Issabayev","doi":"10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.20","url":null,"abstract":"To date, accumulated industrial waste creates serious environmental problems in the regions. Therefore, their processing in order to obtain valuable products is an urgent task. As a result of the reduction electric smelting of phosphorite raw materials in the Novo-Dzhambul phosphorus plant, about 150-160 kg of cuttrel dust is formed per 1 ton of yellow phosphorus. The resulting cuttrel dust is considered as a secondary raw material, it can be used to obtain phosphoruscontaining mineral fertilizers, since the boiler dust contains a proportion of phosphorus and other useful components. The purpose of this work is the processing of phosphorus production waste - cuttrel dust with the use of sulfuric acid to obtain phosphorus-containing mineral fertilizers. Methodology. For the processing of cuttrel dust under experimental conditions, instrumental test methods were chosen using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) of the Jeol JSM-6490l V brand, a multi-parameter portable cyberscanner (PCD 650 Eutech) and a Q-1500 Derivatograph. Results. According to the results of microscopic studies, it was determined that the content of the main useful component in the cuttrel dust P2O5 in the range of 30-31%. The thermodynamic regularities of the process of decomposition of cuttrel dust with the help of a solution of sulfuric acid have been studied. The standard thermal effects of changes in the enthalpy, entropy and the value of the Gibbs energy of the system at a temperature of 333–363K were determined using the HSC-6 complex program. The methods of mathematical processing are considered in order to determine the reliability of the results of the experimental work. The optimal technological parameters of this process have been established and determined. Conclusion. A technology has been developed for obtaining phosphorus-containing monocalcium phosphate based cuttrel dust from the waste of the Novo-Dzhambul phosphorus plant using sulfuric acid solutions. The advantage of the resulting phosphorus-containing component is that it has a high solubility and absorption of phosphorus to plants. They are also characterized by a high content of phosphorus-containing substances, which ensure the growth and productivity of agricultural plants and plant resistance to environmental stress factors.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74192832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.13
Y. Imanbayev, Y. Ongarbayev, Y. Akkazin, A. Bussurmanova, A. Boranbayeva, A. Akkenzheyeva
A literature review on the topic of the study has shown that there is not much work with the use of oily waste in the modification of bitumen. Many methods of bitumen modification include the oxidation of a heavy oil residue to obtain the target product and its further compounding with the finished bitumen. Old oil sludge from oil sludge storage tanks has been used as the oil residue. Oil sludge is prepared by dehydration, the water content should not exceed no more than 5 wt. % and separation of mechanical impurities up to a content of not more than 16.4 wt. %. Purpose of the work. The main objective of the study is to develop a technology for modifying oil bitumen with industrial waste for the disposal of oil sludge, and to show the possibility of improving the physical-chemical, rheological characteristics of modified bitumen. Results. In the process of bitumen modification, the physical-chemical characteristics of the modified bitumen have been studied. It has been established that the composition of oil sludge from the Uzen and Zhetybai oilfield of the Mangistau region contains a significant amount of heavy oil residues and a small amount of mechanical impurities. From the conducted laboratory esearch, it has been found that oil sludge can be used as a filler in the modification of bitumen. Conclusion. Used oil sludge can be used as a bituminous base modifier without removing the mechanical impurities. Polymer-bitumen compositions have been prepared and the optimal parameters for the process of preparing polymer-bitumen binders have been determined.
{"title":"MODIFICATION OF BITUMENS WITH OIL INDUSTRY WASTE","authors":"Y. Imanbayev, Y. Ongarbayev, Y. Akkazin, A. Bussurmanova, A. Boranbayeva, A. Akkenzheyeva","doi":"10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.13","url":null,"abstract":"A literature review on the topic of the study has shown that there is not much work with the use of oily waste in the modification of bitumen. Many methods of bitumen modification include the oxidation of a heavy oil residue to obtain the target product and its further compounding with the finished bitumen. Old oil sludge from oil sludge storage tanks has been used as the oil residue. Oil sludge is prepared by dehydration, the water content should not exceed no more than 5 wt. % and separation of mechanical impurities up to a content of not more than 16.4 wt. %. Purpose of the work. The main objective of the study is to develop a technology for modifying oil bitumen with industrial waste for the disposal of oil sludge, and to show the possibility of improving the physical-chemical, rheological characteristics of modified bitumen. Results. In the process of bitumen modification, the physical-chemical characteristics of the modified bitumen have been studied. It has been established that the composition of oil sludge from the Uzen and Zhetybai oilfield of the Mangistau region contains a significant amount of heavy oil residues and a small amount of mechanical impurities. From the conducted laboratory esearch, it has been found that oil sludge can be used as a filler in the modification of bitumen. Conclusion. Used oil sludge can be used as a bituminous base modifier without removing the mechanical impurities. Polymer-bitumen compositions have been prepared and the optimal parameters for the process of preparing polymer-bitumen binders have been determined.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87671751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.18
Khuangul Khimersen, Т. Jumadilov, Zh.S. Mukatayeva, Zh.K. Korganbayeva, J. Haponiuk, A. Imangazy
The sorption of the interpolymer systems on the basis on Lewatit CNP LF and AB-17-8 industrial ion exchanges in the relation to scandium ions has been studied. The purpose of this research has been to study the sorption capacity of the interpolymer system “Lewatit CNP LF:AV-17-8” in relation to scandium ions. Methodology. To calculate the sorption parameters, the optical density of the solutions has been measured on the Jenway-6305 spectrophotometer. The obtained results have shown that the maximum sorption degree of the “Lewatit CNP LF:AV-17-8” interpolymer systems during 48 h of interaction has occurred in the molar ratios (3:3, 2:4 and 1:5) of polymers, the sorption degrees have been 26.4%; 27.9% and 26%, respectively. As can be seen, the value of the sorption degree is maximum at the ratio of 2:4. The value of the sorption degree in this ratio is higher by 32.5% and 28.5%, respectively, as compared with the degree of sorption of individual ion exchangers Lewatit CNP LF (6:0) and AV-17-8 (0:6).The highest values of the polymer chain binding degree after 48 h with scandium ions in the interpolymer system “Lewatit CNP LF:AV-17-8” for the ratios of 3:3; 2:4 and 1:5 have been 4.87%, 5.25% and 5.01%, respectively. The values of the polymer chain binding degree of the individual Lewatit CNPLF (6:0) and AV-17-8 (0:6) ion exchangers, after 48 h have been 3.68% and 4.26%, respectively. Conclusion. The obtained results have shown that the mutual activation of ion exchange resin the interpolymer system leads to a significant increase in their sorption capacity.
{"title":"FEATURES OF THE SCANDIUM IONS INTERACTION WITH THE INTERPOLYMER SYSTEM LEWATIT CNP LF (H+ ) - AB-17-8 (OH- ) SYSTEM","authors":"Khuangul Khimersen, Т. Jumadilov, Zh.S. Mukatayeva, Zh.K. Korganbayeva, J. Haponiuk, A. Imangazy","doi":"10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.18","url":null,"abstract":"The sorption of the interpolymer systems on the basis on Lewatit CNP LF and AB-17-8 industrial ion exchanges in the relation to scandium ions has been studied. The purpose of this research has been to study the sorption capacity of the interpolymer system “Lewatit CNP LF:AV-17-8” in relation to scandium ions. Methodology. To calculate the sorption parameters, the optical density of the solutions has been measured on the Jenway-6305 spectrophotometer. The obtained results have shown that the maximum sorption degree of the “Lewatit CNP LF:AV-17-8” interpolymer systems during 48 h of interaction has occurred in the molar ratios (3:3, 2:4 and 1:5) of polymers, the sorption degrees have been 26.4%; 27.9% and 26%, respectively. As can be seen, the value of the sorption degree is maximum at the ratio of 2:4. The value of the sorption degree in this ratio is higher by 32.5% and 28.5%, respectively, as compared with the degree of sorption of individual ion exchangers Lewatit CNP LF (6:0) and AV-17-8 (0:6).The highest values of the polymer chain binding degree after 48 h with scandium ions in the interpolymer system “Lewatit CNP LF:AV-17-8” for the ratios of 3:3; 2:4 and 1:5 have been 4.87%, 5.25% and 5.01%, respectively. The values of the polymer chain binding degree of the individual Lewatit CNPLF (6:0) and AV-17-8 (0:6) ion exchangers, after 48 h have been 3.68% and 4.26%, respectively. Conclusion. The obtained results have shown that the mutual activation of ion exchange resin the interpolymer system leads to a significant increase in their sorption capacity.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77864694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.17
U.Zh, G. O. Dzhussipbekov, Z. K. Nurgaliyeva ٭, Bayakhmetova A.B, Bekturov, Dzhussipbekov Umirzak, Zhumasilovich, Nurgaliyeva Gulzipa Oryntayevna, Bayakhmetova Zamira Kenesbekovna
Human economic activity leads to removal of nutrients from the soil along with the crop. Nutrients losses also occur because of natural processes (erosion, leaching, etc.). It is necessary to replenish the missing nutrients with the use of humate-containing organomineral fertilizers to preserve soil fertility and increase productivity. The purpose of this work is to study the processes of iron (III) phosphates interaction with potassium humate and to obtain humate-containing organomineral fertilizers. Methodology. Chemical analysis, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray phase analysis methods have been used. Results and discussion. The processes of obtaining humate-containing organomineral fertilizers by the interaction in the systems “iron dihydrogen phosphate - potassium humate”, “iron hydrogen phosphate - potassium humate” and “iron orthophosphate - potassium humate” have been studied. It has been determined that an increase in the S:L ratio from 1:3 to 1:6 leads to an increase in the content of the digestible forms of Р2О5 up to 44.70%, nitrogen up to 1.85% and the output of humic substances up to 79.23%. An analysis of the IRS data indicates the multicomponentness and complexity of the composition of humate-containing organomineral fertilizers samples. Conclusion. It has been shown that the absorption bands of humic compounds of various functional groups and various substitutions phosphates are superimposed, while the shape of the absorption bands distorted, and their maxima have shifted to the high- or low-frequency area. It has been found that, regardless the phosphate ionnature, an increase in the ratio of S:L leads to a decrease in the absolute content of total, water-soluble and assimilable forms of P2O5. Concurrently, the phosphate part almost completely converted into the assimilated form. It has been defined that adding of the potassium humate, makes all phosphorus, which is in the indigestible form in the iron phosphates, almost completely pass into a mobile and assimilable form. It has been revealed that the addition of potassium humate into the systems with iron phosphates of various degrees of substitution makes it possible to neutralize the residual acidity of the pulp, and the neutralization process proceeds without P2O5 retrogradation. The resulting products have good physical, mechanical and fertilizer properties.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF SOLID LIQUID STATES RATIOS ON THE COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF HUMATE-CONTAINING ORGANO-MINERAL FERTILIZERS","authors":"U.Zh, G. O. Dzhussipbekov, Z. K. Nurgaliyeva ٭, Bayakhmetova A.B, Bekturov, Dzhussipbekov Umirzak, Zhumasilovich, Nurgaliyeva Gulzipa Oryntayevna, Bayakhmetova Zamira Kenesbekovna","doi":"10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.17","url":null,"abstract":"Human economic activity leads to removal of nutrients from the soil along with the crop. Nutrients losses also occur because of natural processes (erosion, leaching, etc.). It is necessary to replenish the missing nutrients with the use of humate-containing organomineral fertilizers to preserve soil fertility and increase productivity. The purpose of this work is to study the processes of iron (III) phosphates interaction with potassium humate and to obtain humate-containing organomineral fertilizers. Methodology. Chemical analysis, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray phase analysis methods have been used. Results and discussion. The processes of obtaining humate-containing organomineral fertilizers by the interaction in the systems “iron dihydrogen phosphate - potassium humate”, “iron hydrogen phosphate - potassium humate” and “iron orthophosphate - potassium humate” have been studied. It has been determined that an increase in the S:L ratio from 1:3 to 1:6 leads to an increase in the content of the digestible forms of Р2О5 up to 44.70%, nitrogen up to 1.85% and the output of humic substances up to 79.23%. An analysis of the IRS data indicates the multicomponentness and complexity of the composition of humate-containing organomineral fertilizers samples. Conclusion. It has been shown that the absorption bands of humic compounds of various functional groups and various substitutions phosphates are superimposed, while the shape of the absorption bands distorted, and their maxima have shifted to the high- or low-frequency area. It has been found that, regardless the phosphate ionnature, an increase in the ratio of S:L leads to a decrease in the absolute content of total, water-soluble and assimilable forms of P2O5. Concurrently, the phosphate part almost completely converted into the assimilated form. It has been defined that adding of the potassium humate, makes all phosphorus, which is in the indigestible form in the iron phosphates, almost completely pass into a mobile and assimilable form. It has been revealed that the addition of potassium humate into the systems with iron phosphates of various degrees of substitution makes it possible to neutralize the residual acidity of the pulp, and the neutralization process proceeds without P2O5 retrogradation. The resulting products have good physical, mechanical and fertilizer properties.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86207981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.09
A.K. Kovalevа, T. Khamitova, M. Burkeyev, D. Havlícek
Introduction. With the development of the chemical industry, the search for and synthesis of new, and modification of the existing nanocatalytic systems are of great importance. In view of this, the preparation of new catalysts by immobilization of transition metal metals in a polymer matrix becomes an important direction in chemical synthesis. Purpose of this work is to submit experimental data on the synthesis and study of the catalytic properties of silver and nickel nanostructures, immobilized in polymer matrices, based on a binary system of unsaturated polyester – polyethylene glycol maleate – with acrylic acid. Nanocomposites have been obtained by reducing a solution of nickel and silver metal salts with sodium hypophosphite in the presence of an ammonia solution of silver chloride. Methodology. By the methods of spectroscopy, microscopy the sizes, structure and morphology of polymer-stabilized nanoparticles are determined. Results. The obtained nanocomposites contain isolated Ag0 nanoparticles with a diameter of 60±10 nm, predominantly spherical in shape and metallic Ni0 with a cubic shape of 70±10 nm, uniformly distributed in the polymer matrix, as well as agglomerates on the surface of the polymer matrix, the dimensions of which vary within 150–200 nm. The catalytic activity of the synthesized nanocomposites, which show high efficiency in comparison with the standard metal catalysts, has been also studied.
{"title":"The SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF METAL-POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON A COPOLYMER OF POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MALEATE WITH ACRYLIC ACID, AND ITS CATALYTIC PROPERTIES","authors":"A.K. Kovalevа, T. Khamitova, M. Burkeyev, D. Havlícek","doi":"10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.09","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. With the development of the chemical industry, the search for and synthesis of new, and modification of the existing nanocatalytic systems are of great importance. In view of this, the preparation of new catalysts by immobilization of transition metal metals in a polymer matrix becomes an important direction in chemical synthesis. Purpose of this work is to submit experimental data on the synthesis and study of the catalytic properties of silver and nickel nanostructures, immobilized in polymer matrices, based on a binary system of unsaturated polyester – polyethylene glycol maleate – with acrylic acid. Nanocomposites have been obtained by reducing a solution of nickel and silver metal salts with sodium hypophosphite in the presence of an ammonia solution of silver chloride. Methodology. By the methods of spectroscopy, microscopy the sizes, structure and morphology of polymer-stabilized nanoparticles are determined. Results. The obtained nanocomposites contain isolated Ag0 nanoparticles with a diameter of 60±10 nm, predominantly spherical in shape and metallic Ni0 with a cubic shape of 70±10 nm, uniformly distributed in the polymer matrix, as well as agglomerates on the surface of the polymer matrix, the dimensions of which vary within 150–200 nm. The catalytic activity of the synthesized nanocomposites, which show high efficiency in comparison with the standard metal catalysts, has been also studied.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90668479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.19
T. Kovrigina, K.Kh, Khakimbolatova, T. Chalov, B. Begenova, Vasilyevna, Khakimbolatova Kamila, Khakimbolatovna Ph., Kamenovich, Вegenova Bakhyt Estekenovna
30% of the chromium ore reserves in the world are concentrated in Kazakhstan, during the processing of which large volumes of wastewater containing toxic chromium salts, are formed. Сhromium is one of the priority components both in terms of emission and toxicity (for Cr(VI), the maximum permissible concentration is 0.05 mg/l). The compounds of chromium (III) and especially chromium (VI) have a general toxic, allergenic, carcinogenic, mutagenic effect on the human body, and are among the most dangerous pollutants for the environment. The aim of this work is to develop a technological scheme for the extraction of Cr (VI) ions by multifunctional ion exchangers. Methods. Anionite, based on diglycidyl ether of dioxyphenylpropane, allylglycidyl ether and polyethylenimine – Ionite No. 1 has been synthesized by polycondensation, and epoxyamine has been synthesized from benzylamine and epichlorohydrin, by the condensation of which Ionite No.2 has been obtained with polyethylenimine. The sorption of chromium ions on newly synthesized anionites has been studied, using model solutions with the concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/l Cr (VI). Results and discussion. It has been established that Ionite No.1 exhibits greater affinity for Cr (VI) ions. So, its maximum sorption capacity is 13.5, and that of Ionite No.2 is 11.7 mg/g. Conclusion. We have proposed a basic technological scheme of a desalination plant, consisting of modular units: reagent-mechanical, sorption, membrane, ion exchange and bacterial purification. It has been established that reagentmechanical purification is the initial stage of water treatment, designed to isolate insoluble coarse- and fine-dispersed impurities.
{"title":"PROMISING MULTIFUNCTIONAL ANIONITES FOR THE EXTRACTION OF CHROMIUM (VI) IONS","authors":"T. Kovrigina, K.Kh, Khakimbolatova, T. Chalov, B. Begenova, Vasilyevna, Khakimbolatova Kamila, Khakimbolatovna Ph., Kamenovich, Вegenova Bakhyt Estekenovna","doi":"10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.19","url":null,"abstract":"30% of the chromium ore reserves in the world are concentrated in Kazakhstan, during the processing of which large volumes of wastewater containing toxic chromium salts, are formed. Сhromium is one of the priority components both in terms of emission and toxicity (for Cr(VI), the maximum permissible concentration is 0.05 mg/l). The compounds of chromium (III) and especially chromium (VI) have a general toxic, allergenic, carcinogenic, mutagenic effect on the human body, and are among the most dangerous pollutants for the environment. The aim of this work is to develop a technological scheme for the extraction of Cr (VI) ions by multifunctional ion exchangers. Methods. Anionite, based on diglycidyl ether of dioxyphenylpropane, allylglycidyl ether and polyethylenimine – Ionite No. 1 has been synthesized by polycondensation, and epoxyamine has been synthesized from benzylamine and epichlorohydrin, by the condensation of which Ionite No.2 has been obtained with polyethylenimine. The sorption of chromium ions on newly synthesized anionites has been studied, using model solutions with the concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/l Cr (VI). Results and discussion. It has been established that Ionite No.1 exhibits greater affinity for Cr (VI) ions. So, its maximum sorption capacity is 13.5, and that of Ionite No.2 is 11.7 mg/g. Conclusion. We have proposed a basic technological scheme of a desalination plant, consisting of modular units: reagent-mechanical, sorption, membrane, ion exchange and bacterial purification. It has been established that reagentmechanical purification is the initial stage of water treatment, designed to isolate insoluble coarse- and fine-dispersed impurities.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91425186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.16
Ye.S. Sycheva, I. Anuarbekova, D. Markina, M. Mukanova, G. Mukanova
Nitrogen-containing heterocycles are structural elements of many synthetic and endogenous biologically active substances. In this regard, they have particular interest as objects of study of the relationship between the structure and biological activity. The aim of this work is the development of new plant growth stimulants, based on nitrogen-containing heterocyclic dithiocarbamic acids and their inclusion complexes with arabinogalactan, and the study of their root-forming activity. Results and discussion. Synthesis of sodium dithiocarbamate of 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol and its carbonyl derivatives cycloprapane, 4-fluoro- and 4-methoxybenzoic thioanhydrides has been carried out. Conditions for synthesis of the inclusion complexes of thioanhydrides 2-4 with arabinogalactan (AG) have been developed. The synthesis of the bioorganic inclusion complexes of substrates with AG has been carried out in the mass ratio of the initial reagents 1:1 in dimethyl sulfoxide, the duration of the reactions has been 8 hours at the temperature of 55-60 °C. The inclusion complexes with arabinogalactan have been obtained with the yield of 62-88%. The structure of the synthesized heterocyclic thioanhydrides has been established based on IR and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Field tests have been carried out to identify the root-forming activity of the obtained compounds and to determine the effect of the growth stimulants on the growth of the root system of vangutta spirea cuttings. Conclusion. It has been found that biocomplex 4-methoxybenzoic (5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)carbamothioic thioanhydride with arabinogalactan 7 increases the rooting and survival of the planting material and at the concentration of 100 mg/l shows a high yield of the rooted spirea cuttings (90%), as compared with the control (13% ) and standards Kornevin (20%) and AN-16 (36%).
{"title":"SYNTHESIS AND ROOT FORMING ACTIVITY OF INCLUSION COMPLEXES OF HETEROCYCLIC THIOANHYDRIDES WITH ARABINOGALTAN","authors":"Ye.S. Sycheva, I. Anuarbekova, D. Markina, M. Mukanova, G. Mukanova","doi":"10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.16","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen-containing heterocycles are structural elements of many synthetic and endogenous biologically active substances. In this regard, they have particular interest as objects of study of the relationship between the structure and biological activity. The aim of this work is the development of new plant growth stimulants, based on nitrogen-containing heterocyclic dithiocarbamic acids and their inclusion complexes with arabinogalactan, and the study of their root-forming activity. Results and discussion. Synthesis of sodium dithiocarbamate of 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol and its carbonyl derivatives cycloprapane, 4-fluoro- and 4-methoxybenzoic thioanhydrides has been carried out. Conditions for synthesis of the inclusion complexes of thioanhydrides 2-4 with arabinogalactan (AG) have been developed. The synthesis of the bioorganic inclusion complexes of substrates with AG has been carried out in the mass ratio of the initial reagents 1:1 in dimethyl sulfoxide, the duration of the reactions has been 8 hours at the temperature of 55-60 °C. The inclusion complexes with arabinogalactan have been obtained with the yield of 62-88%. The structure of the synthesized heterocyclic thioanhydrides has been established based on IR and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Field tests have been carried out to identify the root-forming activity of the obtained compounds and to determine the effect of the growth stimulants on the growth of the root system of vangutta spirea cuttings. Conclusion. It has been found that biocomplex 4-methoxybenzoic (5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)carbamothioic thioanhydride with arabinogalactan 7 increases the rooting and survival of the planting material and at the concentration of 100 mg/l shows a high yield of the rooted spirea cuttings (90%), as compared with the control (13% ) and standards Kornevin (20%) and AN-16 (36%).","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83280507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.21
A. B. Issa, O. K. Beissenbayev, A.Sh. Kydyraliyeva, M. Yessirkepova, E. A. Tussupkalyiev, Zh. N. Kainarbayeva, Issa Aziza Bakytzhankyzy, Oral Kurganbekovich, Kydyraliyeva Aigul, Yessirkepova Maral, Mahmudovna, Tussupkaliyev Ersin, Adiyetovich, Nurbekovna
At present, the use of surfactants and water-soluble polyelectrolytes, which act as stabilizing and selective agents, is inextricably linked with the successful solution of the technological issues in the world of chemical, oil and other industries. The purpose of the work is to synthesize and study the physicochemical properties of modified polyacrylamide with gossypol resin and further crosslinking in the presence of potassium persulfate and sodium sulphate to displace oil. Methods. To establish the spectral characteristics of the modified PAA, IR spectra have been taken on an IR-Fourier spectrometer. For the structural-elemental composition (SEM), a Jeol JSM-6490l V electron microscope has been used. The viscosity of modified PAA solutions has been measured in a Ubellode capillary viscometer with a hanging level. Results and discussion. The studies, carried out by the authors of the study of the colloid-chemical properties of polymer composites, allow us to conclude that the reagents obtained during the hydrolysis of vat residues of fatty acids distillation with sodium hydroxide with further cross-linking in the presence of potassium persulfate and sodium sulphate have good surfaceactive and emulsifying properties, which is important when displacing oil from layers. The surface tension of polymer compositions has been studied. With an increase in the concentration of the solution, the surface tension decreases, i.e., the surface activity increases. Conclusion. The research results show that the injection of a polymer reagent solution can increase the oil displacement efficiency by 6-7%.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF MODIFIED POLYACRYLAMIDE FOR OIL DISPLACEMENT","authors":"A. B. Issa, O. K. Beissenbayev, A.Sh. Kydyraliyeva, M. Yessirkepova, E. A. Tussupkalyiev, Zh. N. Kainarbayeva, Issa Aziza Bakytzhankyzy, Oral Kurganbekovich, Kydyraliyeva Aigul, Yessirkepova Maral, Mahmudovna, Tussupkaliyev Ersin, Adiyetovich, Nurbekovna","doi":"10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.21","url":null,"abstract":"At present, the use of surfactants and water-soluble polyelectrolytes, which act as stabilizing and selective agents, is inextricably linked with the successful solution of the technological issues in the world of chemical, oil and other industries. The purpose of the work is to synthesize and study the physicochemical properties of modified polyacrylamide with gossypol resin and further crosslinking in the presence of potassium persulfate and sodium sulphate to displace oil. Methods. To establish the spectral characteristics of the modified PAA, IR spectra have been taken on an IR-Fourier spectrometer. For the structural-elemental composition (SEM), a Jeol JSM-6490l V electron microscope has been used. The viscosity of modified PAA solutions has been measured in a Ubellode capillary viscometer with a hanging level. Results and discussion. The studies, carried out by the authors of the study of the colloid-chemical properties of polymer composites, allow us to conclude that the reagents obtained during the hydrolysis of vat residues of fatty acids distillation with sodium hydroxide with further cross-linking in the presence of potassium persulfate and sodium sulphate have good surfaceactive and emulsifying properties, which is important when displacing oil from layers. The surface tension of polymer compositions has been studied. With an increase in the concentration of the solution, the surface tension decreases, i.e., the surface activity increases. Conclusion. The research results show that the injection of a polymer reagent solution can increase the oil displacement efficiency by 6-7%.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75027687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.14
А.B. Kaldybayeva, V. Yu, А.Е. Malmakova, K. Praliyev, A. Sergazy
The imidazole ring is becoming a popular structural fragment in synthetic pharmaceuticals, being an ionizing and aromatic component, which activates pharmacokinetic properties. The imidazole cycle is present in many antiprototic, antifungal and antihypertensive drugs, antibiotics and others. These structures are effective against various strains of microorganisms. The imidazole block is contained in the anticancer drug mercaptopurine, which has an effect by interfering with the DNA activity in the treatment of leukemia. Purpose: to review imidazole derivatives with various types of physiological and/or other actions published in the scientific literature over the last twenty years. Objects of research: imidazole derivatives. Results.An imidazole fragment is contained in a large number of natural products and clinically active drug molecules. Most of the publications relate to the study of the therapeutic possibilities of new structures of the class of imidazole derivatives for medical use. However, the potential of imidazole-containing molecules is not limited only to BAS, their other properties are interesting, in particular such one as corrosion inhibition. Conclusion: The introduction of a highly active imidazole fragment into an organic molecule stimulated the appearance of notable achievements in the field of chemotherapeutic and antibacterial agents. The active synthetic search for highly active imidazole compounds continues not only in the field of biologically active compounds, but also as the potential anticorrosiveand other agents.
{"title":"POTENTIAL OF IMIDAZOLE-CONTAINING DERIVATIVES FOR PRACTICAL APPLICATION (Review)","authors":"А.B. Kaldybayeva, V. Yu, А.Е. Malmakova, K. Praliyev, A. Sergazy","doi":"10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.14","url":null,"abstract":"The imidazole ring is becoming a popular structural fragment in synthetic pharmaceuticals, being an ionizing and aromatic component, which activates pharmacokinetic properties. The imidazole cycle is present in many antiprototic, antifungal and antihypertensive drugs, antibiotics and others. These structures are effective against various strains of microorganisms. The imidazole block is contained in the anticancer drug mercaptopurine, which has an effect by interfering with the DNA activity in the treatment of leukemia. Purpose: to review imidazole derivatives with various types of physiological and/or other actions published in the scientific literature over the last twenty years. Objects of research: imidazole derivatives. Results.An imidazole fragment is contained in a large number of natural products and clinically active drug molecules. Most of the publications relate to the study of the therapeutic possibilities of new structures of the class of imidazole derivatives for medical use. However, the potential of imidazole-containing molecules is not limited only to BAS, their other properties are interesting, in particular such one as corrosion inhibition. Conclusion: The introduction of a highly active imidazole fragment into an organic molecule stimulated the appearance of notable achievements in the field of chemotherapeutic and antibacterial agents. The active synthetic search for highly active imidazole compounds continues not only in the field of biologically active compounds, but also as the potential anticorrosiveand other agents.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74727470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.15
G. Sdikova, А.Zh. Shamilova
The rapid economic, scientific and technical development of the Republic of Kazakhstan in order to achieve the modern level of technological development requires a wide production of metal products and equipment, using technically and economically effective methods. For this purpose, one of the main ways of producing corrosion-resistant and efficient metal products and parts is cadmium plating. Cadmium plating is flexible, easily amenable to rolling, stamping, bending. Freshly prepared sheathing is better welded on acid-free fluxes than zinc. Goals and objectives. A study of the technology of cadmium tape, made of stainless steel, grade 2X18Н10T. A comparative analysis of the types and composition of cadmium electrolytes has been carried out. The factors affecting the quality of the resulting packaging are investigated, the calculation of the observed main indicators of products after electrolysis has been carried out. Results. Before coating the surface of metal products, geometric calculations of the surface of the coated products have been carried out, and their results have been processed to correctly select the density and current strength for a given operating mode. It has been established that the quality of the coating undergoes changes depending on the composition of the electrolyte, its temperature and current density. The surfactant has contributed to the production of a durable packaging layer with the possibility of increasing potency during use, including the work with such surfactants as dextrin, gelatin, carpentry glue. Conclusion. It has been shown that the cadmiumcoated tape has no gloss unless a surfactant is used. It has been found that when the current is overvoltaged, the tape is covered with fine-grained granules and darkens. When the tape has been cadmated, the cadmium layer has deposited on the surface of the tape increasing with a time increase.
{"title":"A FEATURES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CADMIUM-BASED ELECTROPLATING COATINGS","authors":"G. Sdikova, А.Zh. Shamilova","doi":"10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51580/2023-2.2710-1185.15","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid economic, scientific and technical development of the Republic of Kazakhstan in order to achieve the modern level of technological development requires a wide production of metal products and equipment, using technically and economically effective methods. For this purpose, one of the main ways of producing corrosion-resistant and efficient metal products and parts is cadmium plating. Cadmium plating is flexible, easily amenable to rolling, stamping, bending. Freshly prepared sheathing is better welded on acid-free fluxes than zinc. Goals and objectives. A study of the technology of cadmium tape, made of stainless steel, grade 2X18Н10T. A comparative analysis of the types and composition of cadmium electrolytes has been carried out. The factors affecting the quality of the resulting packaging are investigated, the calculation of the observed main indicators of products after electrolysis has been carried out. Results. Before coating the surface of metal products, geometric calculations of the surface of the coated products have been carried out, and their results have been processed to correctly select the density and current strength for a given operating mode. It has been established that the quality of the coating undergoes changes depending on the composition of the electrolyte, its temperature and current density. The surfactant has contributed to the production of a durable packaging layer with the possibility of increasing potency during use, including the work with such surfactants as dextrin, gelatin, carpentry glue. Conclusion. It has been shown that the cadmiumcoated tape has no gloss unless a surfactant is used. It has been found that when the current is overvoltaged, the tape is covered with fine-grained granules and darkens. When the tape has been cadmated, the cadmium layer has deposited on the surface of the tape increasing with a time increase.","PeriodicalId":9856,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87563829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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