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What Long COVID investigators can learn from four decades of ME/CFS research COVID调查人员可以从40年的ME/CFS研究中学到什么
Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbii.2023.100022
Leonard A. Jason , Benjamin H. Natelson , Hector Bonilla , Zaki A. Sherif , Suzanne D. Vernon , Monica Verduzco Gutierrez , Lisa O’Brien , Emily Taylor , On behalf of the RECOVER consortium, by members of the Diagnostic Testing and Test Algorithms Subcommittee of the Commonalities with Other Post Viral Syndromes Task Force. We appreciate the edits and suggestions from Ben Z. Katz.

Four decades of research in the field of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) have yielded lessons that may be instructive for those devising criteria to better comprehend Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS CoV-2 Infection (PASC) and Long COVID. For instance, substantial effort has been devoted to defining classification systems, operationalizing methods, and developing instruments with adequate reliability and validity in the ME/CFS field. The current article provides guidelines for developing a case definition for Long COVID and discusses the significance of psychometric issues and criterion variance, including how to specify symptoms, and develop thresholds, subtypes, and exclusionary conditions. ME/CFS research could enhance our knowledge of Long COVID pathophysiology, early diagnosis, prognosis, and the identification of effective treatments.

四十年来,在肌痛性脑脊髓炎/慢性疲劳综合征(ME/CFS)领域的研究得出了一些经验教训,这些经验教训可能对那些制定标准以更好地理解严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型感染后后遗症(PASC)和长期新冠肺炎的人具有指导意义。例如,在脑脊髓炎/慢性疲劳综合征领域,为定义分类系统、实施方法和开发具有足够可靠性和有效性的工具付出了大量努力。目前的文章提供了制定长期新冠肺炎病例定义的指南,并讨论了心理测量问题和标准差异的重要性,包括如何指定症状,以及制定阈值、亚型和排除性条件。脑脊髓炎/慢性疲劳综合征的研究可以增强我们对长期新冠肺炎病理生理学、早期诊断、预后和有效治疗方法的认识。
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引用次数: 0
Critical review and mechanistic insights into the health-protective and Immunomodulatory activity of Tiryāq (Theriac) from the purview of Unani medicine 从Unani医学的角度对Tiryāq (Theriac)的健康保护和免疫调节活性进行批判性审查和机制见解
Pub Date : 2023-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbii.2023.100021
Sadia Nikhat , Mohammad Fazil

Background

The theriac, known in Arabic as tiryāq, is a medicinal panacea and an alexipharmic which was conceptualized during the 2nd century BC. During medieval ages, the Unani physicians employed various theriac formulations as an antidote, health-protective, and therapeutic in various disorders. In general, the theriac formulations contained many drugs having heath-protective, preventive, and restorative effects. Since the advent of COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a renewed interest in theriac formulations, and researches are underway to elaborate the scientific basis of their action mechanism. This article is an attempt to provide a comprehensive overview of theriac in Unani literature, as well as to elaborate on the potential mode of actions.

Methods

Selected authoritative and comprehensive textbooks of Unani medicine and leading scientific websites (MEDLINE, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer, and PubMed Central) were explored for information regarding the theriac in Unani classical literature, and its potential usefulness in the present era. No time duration was specified for the search as certain drugs are now relatively obsolete. The keywords used for the search were ‘theriac’, ‘health’, ‘bioactive constituents’, ‘infection’, and ‘antidote’, etc., accompanied by names of drugs.

Results

Pharmacological researches on theriac ingredients have revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds, having anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antipyretic, antivenin, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, cytotoxic, etc. activities.‎ An interesting step in theriac preparation is the process of maturation. It is scientifically proven that during maturation, the drugs undergo biotransformation through fermentation. Besides, certain drugs like Saffron, Celery, and Fennel, etc. increase bioavailability of other drugs. Overall, the Theriac formulations are a complex mixture of health-preservative, protective, therapeutic and restorative drugs.

Conclusions

The theriac formulations contain a thoughtful mixture of ingredients, which have health-protective as well as restorative effects. It is known that most toxins as well as biological disease-causing agents damage the vital organs and processes which lead to complications and death. Hence, the theriac formulations can provide the much-needed protection to these organs, and also maintain the physiological processes, and gives the body the necessary time and strength to recover from these adverse effects.

背景theriac在阿拉伯语中被称为tiryāq,是一种灵丹妙药和解毒药,概念出现在公元前2世纪。在中世纪,乌纳尼的医生们使用了各种各样的白喉制剂作为解药、健康保护和治疗各种疾病的药物。一般来说,白喉制剂含有许多具有健康保护、预防和恢复作用的药物。自新冠肺炎大流行以来,人们对其制剂重新产生了兴趣,目前正在进行研究,以阐明其作用机制的科学基础。本文试图对乌纳尼文献中的theriac进行全面的概述,并详细阐述其潜在的行动模式。方法选择权威、综合的乌纳尼医学教科书和领先的科学网站(MEDLINE、PubMed、ScienceDirect、Springer和PubMed Central),了解乌纳尼经典文献中的theriac及其在当代的潜在用途。由于某些药物现在已经相对过时,因此没有指定搜索的持续时间。搜索使用的关键词是“theriac”、“health”、“biological components”、“infection”和“解药”等,并附有药物名称。结果通过对其药理成分的研究,发现其含有多种生物活性化合物,具有抗炎、抗氧化、解热、抗蛇毒、神经保护、保肝、细胞毒性等活性。‎ 在制备中一个有趣的步骤是成熟的过程。科学证明,在成熟过程中,药物通过发酵进行生物转化。此外,某些药物,如藏红花、芹菜、茴香等,可提高其他药物的生物利用度。总的来说,Theriac配方是健康防腐剂、保护性药物、治疗性药物和恢复性药物的复杂混合物。结论该制剂含有多种成分,具有良好的健康保护和恢复作用。众所周知,大多数毒素和生物致病因子都会损害重要器官和过程,从而导致并发症和死亡。因此,白喉制剂可以为这些器官提供急需的保护,也可以维持生理过程,并为身体提供必要的时间和力量来从这些不良影响中恢复。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of naturopathy and yoga based intervention on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk among metabolic syndrome individuals – A prospective single arm study 自然疗法和瑜伽干预对代谢综合征患者动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病风险的影响——一项前瞻性单臂研究
Pub Date : 2023-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbii.2023.100020
Shashikiran HC , Sreegovind R , Krithika A Ramaswamy , Shivaprasad Shetty , Prashanth Shetty

Background

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in most developed and developing countries, thus representing one of the most significant health problems across the globe. The association between metabolic syndrome and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases has been proven by large multicentric studies. Calculating atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases risk has been advocated as a preventive strategy. A little is known about its utility and applicability of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases risk calculation in individuals predisposed to cardiovascular diseases such as individuals with metabolic syndrome. Practice of a multifaceted naturopathy and yoga-based lifestyle is likely to improve cardiovascular health outcomes and may reduce healthcare costs in high-risk populations. Hence the present study aimed to evaluate the impact of naturopathy and yoga-based lifestyle intervention on the calculated atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases risk among metabolic syndrome individuals.

Methods

This prospective single arm study recruited 70 individuals of both genders, with metabolic syndrome based on eligibility criteria. They underwent 10 days of supervised intensive naturopathy and yoga-based lifestyle intervention in a residential center. Blood pressure, Anthropometric measures and metabolic risk factors were assessed before and after the intervention.

Results

There was also a substantial decrease in both systolic blood pressure (p < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.001) compared to baseline. There was a noteworthy decrease in weight (p < 0.001), Body mass index (p < 0.001), Waist circumference (p < 0.001), Hip circumference (p < 0.001) and Waist Hip Ratio (p = 0.005). The metabolic risk factors Fasting blood glucose (p < 0.001), Total cholesterol (p < 0.001), Triglycerides (p < 0.001), High-density lipoprotein (p < 0.01), Low-density lipoprotein (p < 0.01), Very low-density lipoprotein (p < 0.001), TC/HDL (p < 0.001) and non-HDL (p < 0.001) also showed a significant reduction. The 10-year (p < 0.001) and lifetime risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases risk was assessed and found to be significantly reduced after the intervention.

Conclusion

A multidimensional intensive naturopathy and yoga-based lifestyle could be explored as a non-invasive and cost-effective measure in the mitigation of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases risk in predisposed individuals.

背景心血管疾病是大多数发达国家和发展中国家的主要死因,因此是全球最严重的健康问题之一。代谢综合征与心血管疾病风险增加之间的相关性已被大型多中心研究所证实。计算动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的风险一直被认为是一种预防策略。对其在易患心血管疾病的个体(如代谢综合征患者)中动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病风险计算的实用性和适用性知之甚少。多方面的自然疗法和瑜伽生活方式可能会改善心血管健康状况,并可能降低高危人群的医疗成本。因此,本研究旨在评估自然疗法和基于瑜伽的生活方式干预对代谢综合征个体动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病风险的影响。方法这项前瞻性单臂研究招募了70名符合资格标准的代谢综合征患者。他们在一个居住中心接受了为期10天的强化自然疗法和基于瑜伽的生活方式干预。干预前后对血压、人体测量和代谢危险因素进行评估。结果与基线相比,收缩压(p<0.001)和舒张压(p>0.001)也显著降低。体重(p<0.001)、体重指数(p<001)、腰围(p>0.001)、臀围(p<0.01)和腰臀比(p=0.005)显著下降,低密度脂蛋白(p<0.01)、极低密度脂素(p<0.001)、TC/HDL(p<001)和非HDL(p>0.001)也显示出显著降低。对动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病风险的10年(p<0.001)和终生风险进行了评估,发现在干预后显著降低。结论多维强化自然疗法和以瑜伽为基础的生活方式可以作为一种非侵入性和成本效益高的措施来缓解易感人群动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的风险。
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引用次数: 0
Qigong exercise and cognitive function in brain imaging studies: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials in healthy and cognitively impaired populations 气功锻炼和脑成像研究中的认知功能:对健康和认知障碍人群随机对照试验的系统回顾
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbii.2023.100016
Jianghong Liu , Haoer Shi , Tatia M.C. Lee

Objective

Cognitive decline can significantly affect individuals’ overall health and well-being. While Qigong may hold promise as an intervention strategy, the underlying brain mechanisms of its beneficial effects remain unclear, particularly in cognitively impaired (CI) populations. This systematic review aims to investigate Qigong-induced brain changes and their associations with cognitive functions in both healthy and CI populations. It further seeks to identify potential consistent or divergent brain change patterns across these populations.

Methods

Five English databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and 2 Chinese databases Wanfang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched for randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies with Qigong intervention and brain imaging outcomes from inception to March 2023. The quality of included studies was evaluated according to the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool.

Results

A total of 18 studies from 9 RCTs were included in this review. The results indicated that Qigong induced various structural and functional changes in multiple brain regions, including the frontal lobe, hippocampus and temporal gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), insula, putamen, and caudate, among others. Within the brain changes, the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were consistently reported across healthy and CI populations and were found to be associated with various cognitive functions.

Conclusions

Qigong exercise leads to diverse brain changes, with the alterations in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex likely contributing to its cognitive benefits. These findings provide support for the effectiveness of Qigong as a cognitive intervention.

认知能力下降会显著影响个体的整体健康和幸福感。虽然气功可能有望成为一种干预策略,但其有益作用的潜在大脑机制仍不清楚,尤其是在认知障碍人群中。这篇系统综述旨在研究气功引起的大脑变化及其与健康人群和CI人群认知功能的关系。它进一步试图确定这些人群中潜在的一致或不同的大脑变化模式。方法检索5个英文数据库PubMed、Cochrane Library、EMBASE、Web of Science、PsycINFO,以及2个中文数据库Wanfang和中国知网(CNKI),从开始到2023年3月进行气功干预和脑成像结果的随机对照试验(RCT)研究。纳入研究的质量根据Cochrane协作的偏倚风险工具进行评估。结果本综述共纳入9项随机对照试验的18项研究。结果表明,气功可引起大脑多个区域的各种结构和功能变化,包括额叶、海马和颞回、前扣带皮层(ACC)、脑岛、壳核和尾状核等。在大脑变化中,健康人群和CI人群中一致报告了前额叶皮层和海马体,并发现它们与各种认知功能有关。结论气功运动会导致不同的大脑变化,海马和前额叶皮层的变化可能是其认知益处的原因之一。这些发现为气功作为一种认知干预的有效性提供了支持。
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引用次数: 1
A quality improvement study on the feasibility and potential benefits of a yogic breathing program for cancer survivors and caregivers during treatment in a lodging facility 在住宿设施治疗期间,对癌症幸存者和护理人员进行瑜伽呼吸计划的可行性和潜在益处的质量改进研究
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbii.2023.100019
Christina M. Alford , Amy E. Wahlquist , Katherine R. Sterba , Graham W. Warren , Sundaravadivel Balasubramanian

Background

Complementary and integrative health approaches with a focus on relieving side effects of cancer treatment are popular among cancer patients. Previous studies have investigated the combined effects of yoga postures, breathing, and meditation, but the specific effects of the breathing component are under-reported. Our previous studies indicate that yogic breathing can improve salivary biomarker expression related to stress, immune response, and tumor suppression. We aim to assess the acceptability and feasibility of a yogic breathing program in cancer patients and caregivers during the treatment period.

Methods

In this quality improvement study, we designed a 20-minute yogic breathing regimen and introduced them to all-site cancer patients and their caregivers during the cancer treatment period at a lodging facility, Hope Lodge in Charleston, SC. All interested participants were included as there were no eligibility criteria set for the study. The availability of the class was advertised via intercom, displays, and word of mouth. Participants were taught five different breathing exercises, and after completion of the exercises in a single session, a self-reported quality improvement questionnaire was administered assessing sociodemographic/clinical factors, expectations about the session, and ratings of satisfaction with the session.

Results

During the nine months of the data collection period, 52 participants provided feedback of which patients and caregivers were almost equal numbers. Participants’ perception of intervention acceptance, symptom management, satisfaction with the sessions, and future needs for practice indicate that the yogic breathing sessions help improve some of the key symptoms of cancer experience such as stress.

Conclusion

Findings indicate that yogic breathing is acceptable to patients and caregivers and may help alleviate some of the side effects resulting from cancer treatment, and the intervention is feasible at lodging facilities during treatment. Currently, the yogic breathing sessions are conducted on a weekly basis by Hope Lodge volunteers trained by the study team.

背景以减轻癌症治疗的副作用为重点的补充和综合健康方法在癌症患者中很流行。先前的研究已经调查了瑜伽姿势、呼吸和冥想的综合影响,但呼吸成分的具体影响还没有得到充分报道。我们之前的研究表明,瑜伽呼吸可以改善与压力、免疫反应和肿瘤抑制相关的唾液生物标志物表达。我们旨在评估癌症患者和护理人员在治疗期间瑜伽呼吸计划的可接受性和可行性。方法在这项质量改进研究中,我们设计了一种20分钟的瑜伽呼吸方案,并将其介绍给癌症治疗期间在南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿Hope Lodge住宿设施的所有癌症患者及其护理人员。所有感兴趣的参与者都被包括在内,因为没有为研究设定资格标准。该课程的可用性通过对讲机、显示器和口碑进行了宣传。参与者接受了五种不同的呼吸练习,在一次训练完成后,进行自我报告的质量改善问卷调查,评估社会人口统计学/临床因素、对训练的期望以及对训练的满意度。结果在9个月的数据收集期内,52名参与者提供了反馈,其中患者和护理人员的人数几乎相等。参与者对干预接受、症状管理、对课程的满意度以及未来练习需求的认知表明,瑜伽呼吸课程有助于改善癌症体验的一些关键症状,如压力。结论研究结果表明,瑜伽呼吸对患者和护理人员来说是可以接受的,可能有助于减轻癌症治疗的一些副作用,并且在治疗期间在住宿设施进行干预是可行的。目前,瑜伽呼吸课程由研究团队培训的Hope Lodge志愿者每周进行一次。
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引用次数: 1
Qigong for the mental health of teachers – A prospective randomized controlled trial 气功对教师心理健康的影响——一项前瞻性随机对照试验
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbii.2023.100018
Mário Gonçalves , Renato Oliveira , Jorge Magalhães Rodrigues , Cristina Ventura , Jorge Machado , Henry Johannes Greten

The development of mental health care has changed greatly from ancient civilisations to the present day. Today, teachers' mental health and well-being are in a precarious state, and when lack of training is added, it becomes clear how difficult it is for teachers to provide adequate support to students. This can be exacerbated by specific contexts and cultures in which teachers may feel uncomfortable seeking help. The lack of support for teachers can lead to the development of long-term mental health problems, with negative personal, professional, and social consequences. Because teacher well-being directly impacts student well-being, achievement, and success, it is crucial to promote teachers' mental health. Qigong may be considered a patient-guided psychophysiological feedback technique that enables subjects to learn and control bodily functions and processes. The present study aimed to investigate the potential impact of Qigong on teachers' anxiety, depression, and stress levels, and to explore the feasibility of integrating it into the school context. Eighty-four participants were recruited and randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group received the Qigong intervention and the control group received a placebo intervention, both for 4 weeks. The outcomes were anxiety, depression and stress levels and were assessed using various scales and complementary physiological parameters. Regarding anxiety, the experimental group showed significant improvements in all outcome measures, while the placebo group showed similar scores in the pre- and post-measurements. The post-intervention results even showed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of state anxiety. In terms of depression and stress, the results suggest that Qigong can significantly improve symptoms. The placebo group showed no significant changes. However, no significant differences were found between the groups in the final assessment. The results of this study suggest that Qigong can help improve teachers' mental health and can be implemented in schools.

从古代文明到今天,精神卫生保健的发展发生了巨大变化。如今,教师的心理健康和福祉处于不稳定状态,再加上缺乏培训,教师很难为学生提供足够的支持。在特定的环境和文化中,教师可能会对寻求帮助感到不舒服,这可能会加剧这种情况。缺乏对教师的支持可能导致长期心理健康问题的发展,并带来负面的个人、职业和社会后果。由于教师的幸福感直接影响学生的幸福感、成就和成功,因此促进教师的心理健康至关重要。气功可以被认为是一种患者指导的心理生理反馈技术,使受试者能够学习和控制身体功能和过程。本研究旨在调查气功对教师焦虑、抑郁和压力水平的潜在影响,并探索将其融入学校环境的可行性。84名参与者被招募并随机分为两组。实验组接受气功干预,对照组接受安慰剂干预,均持续4周。结果是焦虑、抑郁和压力水平,并使用各种量表和补充生理参数进行评估。关于焦虑,实验组在所有结果测量中都有显著改善,而安慰剂组在前后测量中得分相似。干预后的结果甚至显示,两组在状态焦虑方面存在显著差异。在抑郁和压力方面,研究结果表明气功可以显著改善症状。安慰剂组无明显变化。然而,在最终评估中,两组之间没有发现显著差异。研究结果表明,气功有助于改善教师的心理健康,可以在学校实施。
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引用次数: 0
Antiparkinsonian effects of Indian spice Amomum subulatum fruit extract by modulating the behavioural, inflammatory markers, antioxidant, and histopathology parameters in rats 印度香料砂木果实提取物通过调节大鼠行为、炎症标志物、抗氧化和组织病理学参数的抗帕金森作用
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbii.2023.100015
Alisha Gazmer, Manodeep Chakraborty, Devid Chutia, Ananya Bhattacharjee, Nihar Ranjan Bhuyan

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder associated with the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra followed by dopamine depletion in the striatum. PD usually affects people over 50; when those under 50 are involved, it is generally referred to as early-onset PD. The present study aimed to understand and explain the role of the typical Indian spice, greater cardamom, against parkinsonism and related complications. The methanolic extract of Amomum subulatum has flavonoids as the major phytoconstituent and may be a beneficial adjuvant in treating PD. Amomum subulatum fruit extract (ASFE) was given as treatment to the rats at 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg. Symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, such as tremors, muscular rigidity, catalepsy, locomotor activity, and grip strength, were examined by several behavioural tests. Treatment with ASFE showed a significant decrease in all the symptoms of PD. Enzyme assays revealed a reduction in the levels of antioxidant enzymes SOD, Catalase, and GSH after administering reserpine and increased levels after treating ASFE. ASFE causes dopaminergic neuron regeneration after reserpine induces injury, thus increasing dopamine levels and restoring cellular damage. The inflammatory biomarkers revealed decreased proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6. In contrast, increase in the level of IL-10, which is an anti-inflammatory cytokine. The histopath studies showed reduced cell damage occurring in PD after the treatment with ASFE. The present investigation highlights the role of greater cardamom from the Indian kitchen to ethnopharmacology in progressive neurological degeneration.

帕金森病(PD)是一种复杂的神经退行性疾病,与黑质多巴胺能神经元的丧失以及纹状体多巴胺的耗竭有关。帕金森病通常影响50岁以上的人;当50岁以下的人参与时,通常被称为早发性帕金森病。本研究旨在了解和解释典型的印度香料大豆蔻对帕金森病和相关并发症的作用。砂仁甲醇提取物以黄酮类化合物为主要植物成分,可能是治疗帕金森病的有益佐剂。帕金森氏症的症状,如震颤、肌肉强直、催化、运动活动和握力,通过几项行为测试进行了检查。ASFE治疗显示PD的所有症状都显著减轻。酶测定显示,服用利血平后,抗氧化酶SOD、过氧化氢酶和GSH水平降低,治疗ASFE后水平升高。ASFE在利血平诱导损伤后引起多巴胺能神经元再生,从而提高多巴胺水平并恢复细胞损伤。炎症生物标志物显示促炎细胞因子如TNF-α和IL-6减少。相反,IL-10水平升高,IL-10是一种抗炎细胞因子。组织病理学研究表明,在用ASFE治疗后,PD中发生的细胞损伤减少。目前的研究强调了从印度厨房到民族药理学的大豆蔻在进行性神经退行性变中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental and clinical evidence of physical exercise on BDNF and cognitive function: A comprehensive review from molecular basis to therapy 体育锻炼对BDNF和认知功能影响的实验和临床证据:从分子基础到治疗的综合综述
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbii.2023.100017
Masoomeh Dadkhah , Maryam Saadat , Amir Mohammad Ghorbanpour , Nasrollah Moradikor

Understanding how physical exercise (PE) can influence brain function, especially cognition, through the modulatory effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been extensively studied over the past few decades. Several studies have reported a relationship between PE and brain function in animals and humans. Recently, evidence has shown that exercise positively affects brain structure and brain functions such as learning and memory. Furthermore, the beneficial effect of voluntary physical activity on cognitive performance through modulating neurotrophic factors has been reported. This review aims to shed light on our current knowledge of how PE affects brain structure and the molecular events in brain areas associated with functions such as learning and memory processes. We provide evidence that exercise can improve common therapies against cognitive deficits through developing BDNF level in brain. We also highlight the critical role of exercise as a modulator of the relationship between cognition and BDNF alternations in neuropsychiatric disorders, based on animal and human research. Finally, the effects of physical activity on BDNF based on experimental and clinical studies will be addressed.

在过去的几十年里,人们对体育锻炼如何通过脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)的调节作用影响大脑功能,尤其是认知进行了广泛的研究。几项研究报告了PE与动物和人类大脑功能之间的关系。最近,有证据表明,运动对大脑结构和学习记忆等大脑功能有积极影响。此外,还报道了自愿体育活动通过调节神经营养因子对认知能力的有益影响。这篇综述旨在阐明我们目前对PE如何影响大脑结构以及与学习和记忆过程等功能相关的大脑区域的分子事件的了解。我们提供的证据表明,运动可以通过提高大脑中BDNF水平来改善针对认知缺陷的常见疗法。基于动物和人类的研究,我们还强调了运动在神经精神疾病中作为认知和BDNF变化之间关系的调节剂的关键作用。最后,基于实验和临床研究,将讨论体育活动对BDNF的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Management of palmoplantar psoriasis and its comorbidities using yoga and naturopathic lifestyle interventions: A case report 使用瑜伽和自然疗法生活方式干预掌跖牛皮癣及其合并症的管理:一个病例报告
Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbii.2023.100011
Gulab Rai Tewani , Sucheta Kriplani , Hemanshu Sharma , Pradeep MK Nair

Palmoplantar psoriasis is an autoimmune disorder that contributes to significant functional disability. Apart from the chronic inflammatory reactions in the skin, psoriasis patients are more likely to develop chronic systemic disorders, which impose significant physical, mental, and economic burdens. This warrants a holistic, patient-centered approach that can address the prevailing multimorbidity in psoriasis patients. Yoga and Naturopathy-based Lifestyle Interventions (YNBL) are known for their whole-person approach and are reported to be beneficial in the management of autoimmune disorders. We report a case of a 63-year-old male treated with YNBL for palmoplantar psoriasis along with diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, low back pain, and insomnia. The patient underwent YNBL in an inpatient setting for 10 days each with a gap of 7 months, along with follow-up advises. The prognosis was measured through the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, along with other biochemical markers like fasting blood sugar, random blood sugar, vitamins D and B12, and subjective visual analog scores for vitality and other symptoms. He achieved complete remission of psoriasis by the end of 8 months, and the results were sustained even during the follow-up. The results are encouraging for using the YNBL protocol in the management of palmoplantar psoriasis; however, these findings need to be validated using clinical trial designs.

掌跖银屑病是一种自身免疫性疾病,可导致严重的功能残疾。除了皮肤中的慢性炎症反应外,银屑病患者更有可能发展为慢性系统性疾病,这会带来巨大的身体、精神和经济负担。这就保证了一种以患者为中心的整体方法,可以解决银屑病患者普遍存在的多发性疾病。基于瑜伽和自然疗法的生活方式干预(YNBL)以其全人方法而闻名,据报道对自身免疫性疾病的治疗有益。我们报告了一例63岁男性用YNBL治疗掌跖银屑病并伴有糖尿病、冠状动脉疾病、腰痛和失眠的病例。患者在住院环境中接受了为期10天的YNBL,间隔7个月,并提供了随访建议。通过银屑病面积和严重程度指数,以及其他生化指标,如空腹血糖、随机血糖、维生素D和B12,以及活力和其他症状的主观视觉模拟评分来衡量预后。他在8个月结束时实现了银屑病的完全缓解,即使在随访期间,结果也保持不变。该结果对于使用YNBL方案治疗掌跖银屑病是令人鼓舞的;然而,这些发现需要通过临床试验设计来验证。
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引用次数: 0
Efficacy of Nardostachys jatamansi (D.Don) DC in post stroke depression: A randomized, double blind, controlled trial Nardostachys jatamansi (D.Don) DC治疗脑卒中后抑郁的疗效:一项随机、双盲、对照试验
Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbii.2023.100012
Muzafar Din Ahmad Bhat, Husain Ahmad

Background

Post-stroke Depression (PSD) is a frequent neuropsychiatric manifestation of high clinical importance as it adversely affects recovery and quality of life, interferes with rehabilitation, and is a significant source of burden to caregivers. Prevalence rates of PSD range from 25% to 79%. The reason for treatment failure in patients of PSD includes the timing of intervention or the side effects of medications. Nardostachys jatamansi (D.Don) DC is commonly used in traditional medicine systems for neuropsychiatric and psychosomatic disorders with the least or no side effects. However, its clinical efficacy in PSD remains unraveled. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Nardostachys jatamansi in PSD.

Methods

Present study was a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial with 20 patients in each test and control group. Participants were randomly allocated to receive Nardostachys jatamansi 3gms (powder) in the test group or placebo in the control group for six weeks. Participants were asked to follow up fortnightly for the assessment of subjective parameters. Objective parameters (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS17) score and 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) were assessed at baseline and end of the trial.

Results

After 6 weeks of treatment, there was a statistically significant reduction in HDRS17 score and SF-36 (p < 0.001), whereas there was no significant difference in the control group (P = 0.108, and 0.29 respectively). Comparison between baseline and post-treatment scores in the test group showed a positive reduction in all subjective parameters however, in the control group there was no statistically significant change. The intergroup analysis revealed that the reduction in HDRS17 score and improvement in SF-36 score was statistically significant in the test group than the control group (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

The study revealed that the test drug is effective in the management of PSD. There was no adverse effect observed during the trial.

背景脑卒中后抑郁(PSD)是一种常见的具有高度临床重要性的神经精神表现,因为它对康复和生活质量产生不利影响,干扰康复,并且是护理人员负担的重要来源。PSD的患病率在25%到79%之间。PSD患者治疗失败的原因包括干预时间或药物副作用。Nardostachys jatamansi(D.Don)DC通常用于传统医学系统中治疗神经精神和心身疾病,副作用最小或没有副作用。然而,它在PSD中的临床疗效仍不清楚。本研究旨在评估日本Nardostachys jatamansi治疗帕金森病的疗效。方法本研究是一项双盲随机安慰剂对照试验,每组20名患者。参与者被随机分配接受试验组的Nardostachys jatamansi 3g(粉末)或对照组的安慰剂,为期六周。参与者被要求每两周随访一次,以评估主观参数。在基线和试验结束时评估客观参数(汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HDRS17)评分和36项简式调查(SF-36)。结果治疗6周后,HDRS17评分和SF-36评分均有统计学意义的降低(p<0.001),而对照组无显著差异(p分别为0.108和0.29)。试验组的基线和治疗后评分之间的比较显示,所有主观参数都呈阳性降低,但对照组没有统计学上的显著变化。组间分析显示,试验组HDRS17评分的降低和SF-36评分的改善与对照组相比具有统计学意义(P<;0.001)。试验期间未观察到任何不良反应。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative
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