Chemical Engineering Research & Design最新文献_第9页

Multi-bed VSA system enhancement for biogas upgrading by high-efficiency utilization of pressure purge gas 高效利用压力吹扫气对沼气升级的多床VSA系统的改进

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.12.043

Zhikai An , Yifan Zhang , Chenguang Shi , Zhirui Chen , Yanan Sun , Qingxiang Zhou , Yunfeng Hu

With the increasing global demand for clean energy and heightened awareness of environmental protection, biogas upgrading technology has garnered extensive attention and application. This study aims to design a systematic vacuum swing adsorption (VSA) process using carbon molecular sieve adsorbents (CMS) to capture CO₂ from biogas (CH₄/CO₂=62 %/38 %) efficiently and separate it to obtain high-purity, high-recovery, and high-productivity natural gas products for application in various fields. The simulation sequentially constructed four process schemes: 1-bed and 4-step, 2-bed and 6-step,4-bed and 16-step, and 6-bed and 18-step, based on a multi-bed upgrading concept, and compared the differences in separation performance among these schemes. During the upgrade from Scheme III to Scheme IV, the traditional "sandwich" processes were improved by using secondary pressure purge (PP2) gas to purge the bed that had just undergone blowdown (BD). This design not only improved the utilization rate of the pressure purge gas while ensuring the regeneration effect of the adsorbent, but also reduced the amount of rinsing gas for the regeneration and achieved the purpose of improving the recovery of the product at the expensive minimal purity. On this basis, the effects of key parameters such as adsorption time, feed flowrate, desorption pressure, and purge to feed (P/F) ratio on the separation performance were further discussed for the 6-bed and 18-step process, respectively. Ultimately, the simulation results demonstrate CH₄ purity increasing from 62 % to 97.56 %, with recovery exceeding 89.4 %, productivity reaching 5.08 mol/kg·h, and final energy consumption registering 0.1937 kW·h/m³ .

随着全球对清洁能源需求的增加和环保意识的提高，沼气改造技术得到了广泛的关注和应用。本研究旨在设计一种利用碳分子筛吸附剂（CMS）系统真空摆动吸附（VSA）工艺，对沼气（CH4/CO2=62 %/38 %）中的CO2进行高效捕集并分离，获得高纯度、高回收率、高产能的天然气产品，应用于各个领域。基于多床升级理念，模拟构建1床+ 4步、2床+ 6步、4床+ 16步、6床+ 18步4种工艺方案，比较各方案分离性能的差异。在从方案III升级到方案IV的过程中，通过使用二次压力吹扫（PP2）气体来吹扫刚刚进行了排污（BD）的床层，改进了传统的“夹层”工艺。本设计在保证吸附剂再生效果的同时，提高了压力吹扫气体的利用率，减少了用于再生的漂洗气体量，达到了在昂贵的最小纯度下提高产品回收率的目的。在此基础上，进一步探讨了吸附时间、进料流量、解吸压力、吹扫进料比（P/F）等关键参数对6层和18段工艺分离性能的影响。结果表明，硫酸铵的纯度从62 %提高到97.56 %，回收率超过89.4% %，生产效率达到5.08 mol/kg·h，最终能耗为0.1937 kW·h/m³ 。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanisms of flow regime transition and pressure drop dynamics in gas-non-Newtonian fluid two-phase flow within a curvilinear microchannel 曲线微通道内气-非牛顿流体两相流的流型转变机理及压降动力学

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.12.040

Gang Yang , Bao-He Zhao , Qi-Hao Cheng , Duo Yang

The control mechanism of gas-non-Newtonian flow regimes and pressure drop characteristics in microfluidic systems is critical for enabling their scalable industrial applications. A PDMS-based flow-focusing microreactor with an integrated serpentine mixer fabricated via photolithography and plasma-bonded to PMMA was developed. Combining experimental analysis with computational fluid dynamics simulations, the flow regime transition and pressure drop dynamics of gas-non-Newtonian fluid two-phase flow at high gas flow rates were studied, emphasizing the impact of non-Newtonian characteristics. Three dominant regimes were identified: slug-annular, churn, and annular flow. The experimental results demonstrate that while gas velocity primarily governs flow regime transition, the non-Newtonian characteristics of the liquid mainly affect the specific gas flow rate thresholds that produce flow regime transition. The pressure drop gradient in the serpentine tube is affected by the fluid velocity, flow regime transition, and non-Newtonian characteristics: (1) The pressure drop increases with the increase of fluid velocity. (2) When the gas proportion increases and the flow regime changes to churn and annular flow, the pressure drop tends to be stable. (3) Non-Newtonian characteristics mainly affect the rate of increase of pressure drop in slug flow and slug annular flow. The prediction method of pressure drop gradient is optimized. CFD results show that the liquid around the gas is subjected to a large shearing effect, and the shear-thinning characteristics cause the laminar viscosity of this part of the liquid to change nonlinearly. The increase in gas proportion and the decrease in liquid viscosity jointly affect the variation of the pressure drop.

微流体系统中气体-非牛顿流态和压降特性的控制机制对于实现其可扩展的工业应用至关重要。研制了一种基于聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）的流动聚焦微反应器，该反应器采用光刻技术和等离子体键合技术制造了集成的蛇形混合器。将实验分析与计算流体动力学模拟相结合，研究了高气体流速下气-非牛顿流体两相流的流型转变和压降动力学，强调了非牛顿特性的影响。确定了三种主要状态：段塞环空流、搅拌流和环空流。实验结果表明，气体流速主要控制流型转变，而液体的非牛顿特性主要影响产生流型转变的特定气体流速阈值。蛇形管内的压降梯度受流体速度、流态转换和非牛顿特性的影响：(1)压降随流体速度的增加而增大。(2)当气相比例增大，流型转变为搅拌流和环空流时，压降趋于稳定。(3)非牛顿特性主要影响段塞流和段塞环空流压降的增加速率。优化了压降梯度的预测方法。CFD结果表明，气体周围的液体受到较大的剪切作用，剪切变薄特性导致该部分液体的层流粘度非线性变化。气体比例的增加和液体粘度的降低共同影响压降的变化。

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引用次数: 0

Sorption-enhanced syngas-to-olefins in a dual-zone fluidized-bed reactor: Integrated kinetic–adsorption modeling and process intensification 双区流化床反应器中吸附增强合成气制烯烃：集成动力学吸附模型和过程强化

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.12.039

Hualun Zhu , Jun Cao , Massimiliano Materazzi

The sorption-enhanced syngas-to-olefins (SEOS) process provides an intensified pathway for olefin production by integrating syngas hydrogenation, methanol-to-olefins (MTO) conversion, and in-situ water removal within a single reactor. In this work, a MATLAB-based model was developed for a dual-zone fluidized-bed system formed through natural hydrodynamic segregation of Zn–Zr, SAPO-34, and 3 A molecular sieve particles. The lower zone promotes CO/CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol and dimethyl ether, while the upper zone converts intermediates to light olefins with continuous water removal. The model incorporates intrinsic kinetics, Langmuir-type adsorption, and bed expansion correlations, and was validated against experimental data, showing close agreement in carbon conversion and olefin selectivity. Parametric studies indicate that CO₂ addition (5–10 %) lowers overall carbon conversion from 15.5 % to 12.8 % but exerts little influence on olefin distribution, where propylene (∼45 %) remains dominant. The inclusion of 3 A sieves enhances carbon conversion up to 20 % by suppressing reverse water–gas shift and alleviating water inhibition on SAPO-34. Temperature analysis identifies an optimum near 400 °C, maximizing light-olefin yields while limiting secondary hydrogenation. These results demonstrate that dual-zone SEOS reactors effectively broaden the operating window, improve efficiency, and offer a viable route for sustainable olefin production.

吸附增强型合成气制烯烃（SEOS）工艺通过在单个反应器内集成合成气加氢、甲醇制烯烃（MTO）转化和原位除水，为烯烃生产提供了强化途径。本文基于matlab建立了由Zn-Zr、SAPO-34和3 a分子筛颗粒自然水动力偏析形成的双区流化床系统模型。下部区域促进CO/CO₂加氢生成甲醇和二甲醚，上部区域将中间体转化为轻烯烃，并持续脱水。该模型结合了固有动力学、langmuir型吸附和床层膨胀相关性，并根据实验数据进行了验证，结果表明碳转化率和烯烃选择性非常吻合。参数研究表明，CO₂的添加（5-10 %）使总碳转化率从15.5 %降低到12.8 %，但对烯烃分布影响不大，其中丙烯（~ 45 %）仍然占主导地位。3个 A分子筛通过抑制逆水气转换和减轻SAPO-34的水抑制作用，使碳转化率提高了20% %。温度分析确定了400°C附近的最佳温度，最大限度地提高了轻质烯烃产量，同时限制了二次氢化。这些结果表明，双区SEOS反应器有效地拓宽了操作窗口，提高了效率，为可持续生产烯烃提供了一条可行的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Research on FCC slurry centrifugal de-solidification assisted by agricultural solid waste biomass: Coupling centrifugal parameters with wheat straw properties 农业固体废弃物生物质辅助催化裂化浆料离心脱凝研究：离心参数与麦秸特性耦合

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.12.042

Xiaohan Dong , Ziyu Huang , Libo Zhang , Jiachen Zuo , Hui Wang , Yinjie Liu , Fan Qinzhen , Hong Chen

Effective ash removal from catalytic oil slurries (FCC) is important to improve the economic utilization of FCC slurries. Developing biomass in the refining industry can maximise the value of wood fibre biomass and is expected to encourage refining to become more environmentally friendly and sustainable. Based on this background, FCC slurry was used in this study, and the effects of centrifugal parameters, diesel addition, and the assistance of lignocellulosic biomass (wheat straw) on the de-solidation of FCC slurry were systematically investigated. Under the optimal centrifugal conditions (75 % diesel addition, 11,000 rpm centrifugal speed, 40 min centrifugal time, 10 % straw addition, 5 mm wheat straw), the ash content of FCC slurry was reduced from 4800 ppm to 79.73 ppm. Considering the need to balance separation efficiency and operational costs in actual industrial applications, subsequent system experiments selected a 50 % diesel addition ratio for in-depth mechanism studies. The mechanisms of centrifugal parameters, diesel fuel addition and wheat straw addition on the de-consolidation of FCC slurries were investigated by XRD, XPS and SEM characterization of FCC slurries before and after de-consolidation, as well as calcined ash. The research results indicate that diesel can effectively dissolve macromolecular colloids and asphaltenes in low-quality oil, promoting contact between macromolecular substances and wheat straw adsorbents, thereby improving the removal efficiency of metal compounds under centrifugal conditions and enhancing the centrifugal solid removal efficiency of FCC slurry. The addition of wheat straw, with its rich cellulose and lignin content, forms a multi-level pore structure that can physically adsorb mineral particles in ash. The lignin and cellulose components can also form hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions with gum and asphalt molecules, promoting flocculation and thereby enhancing the centrifugal solid separation efficiency of FCC slurry. This study demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing agricultural solid waste wheat straw in the refining industry. It provides important reference value for the development of biomass applications in the refining industry and the promotion of clean development in the oil refining industry.

催化油浆的有效除灰对提高催化油浆的经济利用具有重要意义。在炼油工业中发展生物质可以最大限度地提高木材纤维生物质的价值，并有望鼓励炼油变得更加环保和可持续。在此背景下，以催化裂化浆为研究对象，系统考察了离心参数、柴油添加量以及木质纤维素生物质（麦秸）对催化裂化浆脱固的影响。在最佳离心条件下（柴油添加量为75% %、离心转速为11000 rpm、离心时间为40 min、秸秆添加量为10 %、麦秸添加量为5 mm）， FCC料浆灰分由4800 ppm降至79.73 ppm。考虑到实际工业应用中需要平衡分离效率和运行成本，后续系统实验选择了50% %的柴油添加比进行深入的机理研究。采用XRD、XPS和SEM对脱固结前后的FCC浆料及煅烧灰分进行了表征，探讨了离心参数、柴油添加量和麦秸添加量对FCC浆料脱固结的影响机理。研究结果表明，柴油能有效溶解低质油中的大分子胶体和沥青质，促进大分子物质与麦秸吸附剂的接触，从而提高离心条件下金属化合物的脱除效率，提高FCC料浆的离心固相脱除效率。麦秸的加入，由于其丰富的纤维素和木质素含量，形成多层次的孔隙结构，可以物理吸附灰分中的矿物颗粒。木质素和纤维素组分还能与树胶和沥青分子形成氢键和π-π相互作用，促进絮凝作用，从而提高FCC浆体的离心固相分离效率。本研究论证了农业固体废麦秸在炼制工业中利用的可行性。为发展生物质在炼油工业中的应用，促进炼油工业的清洁发展提供了重要的参考价值。

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引用次数: 0

Energy-efficient separation of benzene/isopropanol/water by introducing a tailor-made ionic liquid solvent 引入特制离子液体溶剂高效分离苯/异丙醇/水

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.12.041

Ting Chen , Heng Liu , Xiaoyong Bao , Jiaqi Feng , Yuqiu Chen , Guohua Liu

In the industrial production of chloramphenicol, large volumes of waste liquids containing benzene, isopropanol, and water are generated. Conventional treatment methods often discharge these waste streams as wastewater, leading to severe environmental pollution and significant resource losses. To address this challenge, this study proposes a novel ionic liquid (IL)-assisted distillation process for efficient separation and recovery of benzene and isopropanol from mixed waste streams. A computer-aided ionic liquid design (CAILD) framework is developed, integrating innovative design objectives with a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model to systematically screen and select high-performance ILs. This approach identifies imidazolium methylsulfate ([IM][MeSO₄]) as the optimal solvent, offering superior separation capability compared with conventional entrainers. Results demonstrate that, compared to conventional distillation without extractants, the [IM][MeSO₄]-based process achieved 66.64 % energy savings, 19.72 % total annual cost (TAC) savings, and a 66.73 % reduction in carbon emissions. Even when compared to the ethylene glycol (EG)-based process, the [IM][MeSO₄]-based process delivered additional improvements of 4.88 % in energy savings and 5.05 % in carbon emissions, without requiring extra economic investment. This work introduces a systematic, model-driven approach for IL selection and process design, showcasing the potential of IL-based distillation technology to enable more energy-efficient and environmentally sustainable recovery of valuable solvents from industrial waste streams.

在氯霉素的工业生产中，会产生大量含苯、异丙醇和水的废液。传统的处理方法往往将这些废液作为废水排放，造成严重的环境污染和重大的资源损失。为了解决这一挑战，本研究提出了一种新的离子液体（IL）辅助蒸馏工艺，用于从混合废物流中有效分离和回收苯和异丙醇。建立了一种计算机辅助离子液体设计（CAILD）框架，将创新设计目标与混合整数非线性规划（MINLP）模型相结合，系统地筛选高性能离子液体。该方法确定甲基硫酸咪唑（[IM][MeSO4]）为最佳溶剂，与常规夹带剂相比，具有更好的分离能力。结果表明，与无萃取剂的常规精馏相比，基于[IM][MeSO4]的精馏工艺节能66.64 %，年总成本节约19.72 %，碳排放量减少66.73 %。即使与基于乙二醇（EG）的工艺相比，基于[IM][MeSO4]的工艺在不需要额外的经济投资的情况下，节能4.88 %，碳排放5.05 %。这项工作介绍了一种系统的、模型驱动的方法，用于IL的选择和工艺设计，展示了基于IL的蒸馏技术的潜力，使工业废物流中有价值的溶剂能够更节能和环境可持续地回收。

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引用次数: 0

Ammonia adsorption by oxyacid-modified woodchip gasification residues for urea pelleting system: Performances and mechanisms 氧酸改性木屑气化残渣对尿素制粒系统氨吸附性能及机理研究

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.12.038

Zixuan Zhang , Bingtao Zhao , Mengqi Wang , Tong Lou

Ammonia is a significant atmospheric pollutant, posing a significant risk to the environment and human health. Inadequate ammonia adsorption during industrial urea pelleting often leads to ammonia escape. To address this issue, this study prepared activated carbon derived from woodchip gasification residues and modified it by loading it with varying concentrations of citric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid. The ammonia adsorption performance of the modified activated carbon was evaluated using a fixed-bed reactor. SEM, XRD, FTIR, and BET analysis characterized its physicochemical properties. Furthermore, pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were used to describe the adsorption behavior, and an economic evaluation factor was proposed to assess the economic performance of the material. Results showed that at 25 °C, the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon loaded with 30 % phosphoric acid was 35.12 mg/g, 57 times that of the unmodified activated carbon. Analysis of the adsorption mechanism suggests that ammonia reacts with oxygen-containing acids to produce NH₄⁺ . Pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and Thomas models effectively describe the adsorption process, with correlation coefficients (R²) exceeding 0.990 and economic evaluation factors down to 0.995, demonstrating significant application potential. Furthermore, a dry ammonia adsorption process for urea pelleting was proposed, and the adsorbed product can be mixed with urea to produce compound fertilizer. These findings provide valuable insights for achieving efficient and economical ammonia adsorption in engineering applications.

氨是一种重要的大气污染物，对环境和人类健康构成重大风险。工业尿素造粒过程中氨吸附不足常导致氨逸出。为了解决这一问题，本研究从木屑气化残留物中制备活性炭，并通过加载不同浓度的柠檬酸、磷酸、硝酸和硫酸对其进行改性。采用固定床反应器对改性活性炭的氨吸附性能进行了评价。SEM、XRD、FTIR、BET等分析表征了其理化性质。采用准一级和准二级动力学模型描述了吸附行为，并提出了经济评价因子来评价材料的经济性能。结果表明，在25 ℃时，负载30% %磷酸的活性炭的吸附量为35.12 mg/g，是未改性活性炭的57倍。吸附机理分析表明氨与含氧酸反应生成NH₄+。拟一阶、拟二阶和Thomas模型均能较好地描述吸附过程，相关系数（R2）均超过0.990，经济性评价因子均降至0.995，具有较好的应用潜力。提出了一种干式氨吸附制粒尿素工艺，吸附后的产物可与尿素混合生产复混肥。这些发现为在工程应用中实现高效、经济的氨吸附提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Multiphasic simulation and thermal stress evaluation of an industrial methane reformer in the DRI hydrogen production process 工业甲烷重整器DRI制氢过程多相模拟及热应力评价

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.12.033

Mahmoud Makki Abadi , Mostafa Ghasemi , Hadi Karim Ghasmi , Mohammad Zare , Udayabhaskararao Thumu , Aliakbar Taghipour , Mohammad Saleh Haj Mohammadi

In this study, a comprehensive numerical simulation of an industrial methane-based reformer used in the Direct Reduction of Iron (DRI) process was conducted based on the MIDREX method. The objective was to assess the reformer's thermal, kinetic, and thermodynamic behavior and to investigate flow characteristics, heat transfer, and thermal stress distribution within the catalytic tubes. The reformer contains tubes packed with three catalyst zones—active, semi-active, and inert—through which a feed mixture of natural gas (primarily CH₄), steam (H₂O), and carbon dioxide (CO₂) flows. These species undergo highly endothermic steam and dry reforming reactions, generating a hydrogen-rich reducing gas. The simulation was developed using real industrial data from the Goharzamin DRI plant in Sirjan, Iran, and employed a multiphysics modeling approach coupling chemical kinetics, mass and heat transfer, and solid mechanics. Results revealed that increasing the external wall temperature from 1300 K to 1500 K led to a 12.24 % increase in H₂ and a 5.71 % increase in CO production. Furthermore, increasing the CO₂/CH₄ ratio from 0.80 to 1.25 resulted in an approximate 2.74 % rise in CO output, highlighting the sensitivity of reforming efficiency to feed composition. Increasing the wall temperature was found to intensify these stresses, with stress at the inlet rising from 9 MPa at 1300 K to 12 MPa at 1500 K, and at 2.6 m increasing from 12.5 MPa to 13 MPa. At the critical 5.2 m location, stress grew from 38 MPa at 1300 K to nearly 42 MPa at 1500 K. Also, results indicate that the actual gas composition is well beyond the thermodynamic limit for carbon deposition, confirming that solid carbon (coke) formation is highly unfavorable under these operating conditions.

在本研究中，基于MIDREX方法对用于直接还原铁（DRI）工艺的工业甲烷基重整器进行了全面的数值模拟。目的是评估重整器的热、动力学和热力学行为，并研究催化管内的流动特性、传热和热应力分布。重整器包括装有三个催化剂区的管道——活性区、半活性区和惰性区——天然气（主要是氯化氢）、蒸汽（h2o）和二氧化碳（CO₂）的进料混合物流经这些催化剂区。这些物质经历高度吸热的蒸汽和干重整反应，产生富氢的还原性气体。该模拟使用了伊朗Sirjan Goharzamin DRI工厂的真实工业数据，并采用了多物理场建模方法，将化学动力学、质量和传热以及固体力学相结合。结果表明，将外壁温度从1300 K提高到1500 K，可使H₂增加12.24 %，CO产量增加5.71 %。此外，将CO₂/CH₄比从0.80提高到1.25，CO产量提高了约2.74 %，这突出了重整效率对饲料组成的敏感性。升高壁面温度会加剧这些应力，进口处的应力从1300 K时的9 MPa增加到1500 K时的12 MPa，在2.6 m时从12.5 MPa增加到13 MPa。在临界5.2 m位置，应力从1300 K时的38 MPa增加到1500 K时的近42 MPa。此外，结果表明，实际气体成分远远超出了积碳的热力学极限，证实了在这些操作条件下固体碳（焦炭）的形成是非常不利的。

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引用次数: 0

Particle motion and swirling flow characteristics inside the vortex feeder 涡旋给料机内颗粒运动及旋流特性

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.12.036

Xiang Li , Yan Liu , Yadong Xiao , Tingan Zhang , Kun Wang

Numerical simulation of the particle motion and swirl flow characteristics in a vortex feeder was carried out using a Dense Discrete Phase Model (DDPM). The effects of the geometrical parameters of the feeder were analyzed in terms of particle trajectory, mass flow rate, particle concentration, particle velocity, etc. The results indicate that the particle trajectory, mass flow rate, and escape time increase with the increase of inlet contraction angle (

ɑ

) and cylinder-to-cone ratio (

H cyl : H con

), while pitch (

P

) is the opposite. The radial concentration of

ɑ =

16°,

H cyl = 4 H con

,

P

= 300 mm increased by 3.12, 1.18, and 1.4 times, respectively, and the particle dispersion was enhanced. The variance values of particle mass flow rate were reduced by 33.3 %, 34 %, and 32.7 %, respectively, and the particle output stability was improved. With the increase of

ɑ

and

H cyl : H con

, the tangential velocity increases, and vortex negative pressure entrainment was enhanced. As

P

decreases, the axial velocity near the wall decreases significantly, and the time required for particles to completely escape was prolonged. The correlation equation about particle concentration was established using dimensional analysis. The results improve the sustainable utilization of hot copper slag and the efficiency of melt reduction and reduce the environmental pollution of copper slag stockpiling.

采用密集离散相模型（DDPM）对涡旋给料机内颗粒运动和旋流特性进行了数值模拟。从颗粒轨迹、质量流率、颗粒浓度、颗粒速度等方面分析了给料机几何参数的影响。结果表明：颗粒轨迹、质量流量和逃逸时间随进气道收缩角和柱锥比（Hcyl:Hcon）的增大而增大，而螺距(P)则相反；径向浓度分别增加了3.12倍、1.18倍和1.4倍，且增强了颗粒的分散性。颗粒质量流率方差值分别降低33.3%、34%和32.7%，颗粒输出稳定性得到提高。随着r和Hcyl:Hcon的增大，切向速度增大，旋涡负压夹带增强。AsP降低，壁面附近轴向速度显著降低，颗粒完全逃逸所需时间延长。通过量纲分析，建立了颗粒浓度的相关方程。研究结果提高了热铜渣的可持续利用和熔体还原效率，减少了铜渣堆存对环境的污染。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental study on bubble breaking dynamics in a high-throughput chaotic microreactor: Effect of flow rate and fluid physical properties 高通量混沌微反应器破泡动力学实验研究：流速和流体物性的影响

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.12.037

Hao-Tian Tong , Jia-Ni Zhang , Qi He , Ting-Liang Xie , Shuang-Feng Yin

Chaotic microreactor can prepare small bubbles (especially for microbubbles) at high throughput with excellent controllability to bubble shape and size. However, the dynamics for breakup of bubbles in chaotic microreactor have rarely been investigated. Here, the influences of flow rates (35–90 mL/min), continuous phase viscosity (µ) and interfacial tension (σ) on bubble size, bubble breaking frequency function (

Γ (D)

) and daughter bubble size distribution function (

F_{β} (f_{bv})

) were investigated using oscillating feedback microreactor (OFM) as the reactor representative. The results mainly indicated that: (1) Bubble size was more sensitive to flow rate than µ and σ; (2)

Γ (D)

were jointly determined by flow rate, mother bubble diameter D_m, µ and σ; (3)

F_{β} (f_{bv})

were mainly determined by D_m and σ. In addition, a dimensionless mathematical model for predicting bubble Sauter diameter (d₃₂) was constructed, and the relative error was within ±20 % with mean absolute percentage error of 7.85 %, indicating that the prediction formula can effectively predict the bubble size in OFM.

混沌微反应器可以高通量制备小气泡（特别是微气泡），并且对气泡形状和大小具有良好的可控性。然而，混沌微反应器中气泡破碎的动力学研究却很少。本文以振荡反馈微反应器（OFM）为代表，研究了流速（35 ~ 90 mL/min）、连续相粘度（µ）和界面张力（σ）对气泡尺寸、破泡频率函数（ΓD）和子气泡尺寸分布函数（Fβfbv）的影响。结果表明：(1)气泡尺寸对流量的敏感性大于µ和σ；(2) ΓD由流速、母泡直径Dm、µ、σ共同确定；(3) Fβfbv主要由Dm和σ决定。此外，建立了预测气泡Sauter直径（d32）的无因次数学模型，相对误差在±20%以内，平均绝对百分比误差为7.85%，表明该预测公式可以有效预测OFM中的气泡尺寸。

{"title":"Experimental study on bubble breaking dynamics in a high-throughput chaotic microreactor: Effect of flow rate and fluid physical properties","authors":"Hao-Tian Tong , Jia-Ni Zhang , Qi He , Ting-Liang Xie , Shuang-Feng Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.12.037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.12.037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chaotic microreactor can prepare small bubbles (especially for microbubbles) at high throughput with excellent controllability to bubble shape and size. However, the dynamics for breakup of bubbles in chaotic microreactor have rarely been investigated. Here, the influences of flow rates (35–90 mL/min), continuous phase viscosity (<em>µ</em>) and interfacial tension (<em>σ</em>) on bubble size, bubble breaking frequency function (<span><math><mrow><mi>Γ</mi><mrow><mfenced><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow></mfenced></mrow></mrow></math></span>) and daughter bubble size distribution function (<span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow></msub><mrow><mfenced><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext>bv</mtext></mrow></msub></mrow></mfenced></mrow></mrow></math></span>) were investigated using oscillating feedback microreactor (OFM) as the reactor representative. The results mainly indicated that: (1) Bubble size was more sensitive to flow rate than <em>µ</em> and <em>σ</em>; (2) <span><math><mrow><mi>Γ</mi><mrow><mfenced><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow></mfenced></mrow></mrow></math></span> were jointly determined by flow rate, mother bubble diameter <em>D</em><sub>m</sub>, <em>µ</em> and <em>σ</em>; (3) <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow></msub><mrow><mfenced><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext>bv</mtext></mrow></msub></mrow></mfenced></mrow></mrow></math></span> were mainly determined by <em>D</em><sub>m</sub> and <em>σ</em>. In addition, a dimensionless mathematical model for predicting bubble Sauter diameter (<em>d</em><sub>32</sub>) was constructed, and the relative error was within ±20 % with mean absolute percentage error of 7.85 %, indicating that the prediction formula can effectively predict the bubble size in OFM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"226 ","pages":"Pages 102-113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145881974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fabrication of a copper-doped sulfonated polydopamine/polyurethane sponge photothermal conversion membrane for desalination 海水淡化用掺杂铜磺化聚多巴胺/聚氨酯海绵光热转换膜的制备

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.12.035

Xingyou Liu , Dongmin Yue , De Sun , Ting Meng

Solar-driven interfacial evaporation has emerged as a promising strategy for sustainable and energy-efficient water purification; however, low photothermal conversion efficiency and salt crystallization remain key challenges to overcome. In this study, a high-performance copper-doped sulfonated dopamine/polyurethane (SPDA/PU@Cu²⁺) sponge photothermal conversion membrane was prepared via a simple impregnation method for solar-driven seawater desalination. The sulfonation modification improved the hydrophilicity (WCA=0°) of the membrane which is beneficial to reducing the evaporation enthalpy (1831.03 J·g⁻¹) and increasing the salt resistance; the doping of copper ions enhanced the photothermal conversion performance of the membrane, which increased the temperature of dry membrane to 102.6 °C under 1 sun (1 kW·m⁻²) irradiation. Under the combined action of sulfonation and doping, the SPDA/PU@Cu²⁺ membrane achieves an evaporation rate of 1.856 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹ and a solar-vapor conversion efficiency of 94.45 %. This research presents a novel approach to developing efficient, reusable solar desalination membrane materials with significant environmental protection and practical application potential.

太阳能驱动的界面蒸发已经成为一种有前途的可持续和节能的水净化策略；然而，低光热转换效率和盐结晶仍然是需要克服的关键挑战。本研究采用简单浸渍法制备了高性能掺铜磺化多巴胺/聚氨酯（SPDA/PU@Cu 2 +）海绵光热转换膜，用于太阳能驱动海水淡化。磺化改性提高了膜的亲水性（WCA=0°），有利于降低蒸发焓（1831.03 J·g⁻¹），提高膜的耐盐性；铜离子的掺杂提高了膜的光热转换性能，在1次太阳（1 kW·m−2）照射下，干膜的温度提高到102.6℃。在磺化和兴奋剂的共同作用下，SPDA/PU@Cu 2 +膜的蒸发速率为1.856 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹ ，太阳-水蒸气转化效率为94.45 %。本研究为开发高效、可重复使用的太阳能脱盐膜材料提供了一条新的途径，具有重要的环保和实际应用潜力。

{"title":"Fabrication of a copper-doped sulfonated polydopamine/polyurethane sponge photothermal conversion membrane for desalination","authors":"Xingyou Liu , Dongmin Yue , De Sun , Ting Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.12.035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.12.035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar-driven interfacial evaporation has emerged as a promising strategy for sustainable and energy-efficient water purification; however, low photothermal conversion efficiency and salt crystallization remain key challenges to overcome. In this study, a high-performance copper-doped sulfonated dopamine/polyurethane (SPDA/PU@Cu²⁺) sponge photothermal conversion membrane was prepared via a simple impregnation method for solar-driven seawater desalination. The sulfonation modification improved the hydrophilicity (WCA=0°) of the membrane which is beneficial to reducing the evaporation enthalpy (1831.03 J·g⁻¹) and increasing the salt resistance; the doping of copper ions enhanced the photothermal conversion performance of the membrane, which increased the temperature of dry membrane to 102.6 °C under 1 sun (1 kW·m<sup>−2</sup>) irradiation. Under the combined action of sulfonation and doping, the SPDA/PU@Cu²⁺ membrane achieves an evaporation rate of 1.856 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹ and a solar-vapor conversion efficiency of 94.45 %. This research presents a novel approach to developing efficient, reusable solar desalination membrane materials with significant environmental protection and practical application potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"226 ","pages":"Pages 78-87"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0