Pub Date : 2024-08-20DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00031
Yufeng Pang;Shi Jin;Wuhen Jin;Siyang Yu
Coal mine conveyor belt and other low-speed large torque system, the torque density and torque stability of the motor requirements are higher, permanent magnet / magnet reluctance hybrid rotor double stator synchronous motor (PM/MRHRDSSM) is just adapted to this requirement, however, the traditional close winding single inverter vector control system control PM/MRHRDSSM provides large torque ripple, high speed fluctuation and large total harmonic distortion (THD) of the current, difficult to be used in actual production and life, this paper proposes a large torque open winding-permanent magnet / magnet reluctance hybrid rotor double stator synchronous motor(OW-PM/MRHRDSSM) based on SVPWM dual inverter control strategy, and analysis of open winding double inverter structure, and its voltage vector mathematical model, using the existing two-level inverter as a basis, the bilateral inverter separately discussed its role and control method, as well as the decomposition method of synthetic voltage vector and the inverter device in the small sector on-time, the end of this paper through simulation to compare the traditional close winding single inverter vector control system control PM/MRHRDSSM and the large torque OW-PM/MRHRDSSM based on SVPWM dual inverter control strategy to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method in reducing torque ripple, speed fluctuation and THD of current during motor operation.
{"title":"Open Winding-Permanent Magnet/Magnet Reluctance Hybrid Rotor Double Stator Synchronous Motor SVPWM Control","authors":"Yufeng Pang;Shi Jin;Wuhen Jin;Siyang Yu","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00031","url":null,"abstract":"Coal mine conveyor belt and other low-speed large torque system, the torque density and torque stability of the motor requirements are higher, permanent magnet / magnet reluctance hybrid rotor double stator synchronous motor (PM/MRHRDSSM) is just adapted to this requirement, however, the traditional close winding single inverter vector control system control PM/MRHRDSSM provides large torque ripple, high speed fluctuation and large total harmonic distortion (THD) of the current, difficult to be used in actual production and life, this paper proposes a large torque open winding-permanent magnet / magnet reluctance hybrid rotor double stator synchronous motor(OW-PM/MRHRDSSM) based on SVPWM dual inverter control strategy, and analysis of open winding double inverter structure, and its voltage vector mathematical model, using the existing two-level inverter as a basis, the bilateral inverter separately discussed its role and control method, as well as the decomposition method of synthetic voltage vector and the inverter device in the small sector on-time, the end of this paper through simulation to compare the traditional close winding single inverter vector control system control PM/MRHRDSSM and the large torque OW-PM/MRHRDSSM based on SVPWM dual inverter control strategy to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method in reducing torque ripple, speed fluctuation and THD of current during motor operation.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"8 4","pages":"426-435"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10640366","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142905920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-20DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00033
Haitham Kanakri;Euzeli C. Dos Santos
Converters rely on passive filtering as a crucial element due to the high-frequency operational characteristics of power electronics. Traditional filtering methods involve a dual inductor-capacitor (LC) cell or an inductor-capacitor-inductor (LCL) T-circuit. However, capacitors are susceptible to wear-out mechanisms and failure modes. Nevertheless, the necessity for monitoring and regular replacement adds to an elevated cost of ownership for such systems. The utilization of an active output power filter can be used to diminish the dimensions of the LC filter and the electrolytic dc-link capacitor, even though the inclusion of capacitors remains an indispensable part of the system. This paper introduces capacitorless solid-state power filter (SSPF) for single-phase dc-ac converters. The proposed configuration is capable of generating a sinusoidal ac voltage without relying on capacitors. The proposed filter, composed of a planar transformer and an H-bridge converter operating at high frequency, injects voltage harmonics to attain a sinusoidal output voltage. The design parameters of the planar transformer are incorporated, and the impact of magnetizing and leakage inductances on the operation of the SSPF is illustrated. Theoretical analysis, supported by simulation and experimental results, are provided for a design example for a single-phase system. The total harmonic distortion observed in the output voltage is well below the IEEE 519 standard. The system operation is experimentally tested under both steady-state and dynamic conditions. A comparison with existing technology is presented, demonstrating that the proposed topology reduces the passive components used for filtering.
由于电力电子器件的高频工作特性，转换器依赖于无源滤波这一关键元件。传统的滤波方法包括双电感器-电容器 (LC) 单元或电感器-电容器-电感器 (LCL) T 型电路。然而，电容器容易受到磨损机制和故障模式的影响。不过，由于需要监控和定期更换，此类系统的拥有成本也随之增加。利用有源输出功率滤波器可以减小 LC 滤波器和电解直流链路电容器的尺寸，尽管电容器仍然是系统不可或缺的一部分。本文介绍了用于单相直流-交流转换器的无电容固态功率滤波器（SSPF）。所提出的配置能够在不依赖电容器的情况下产生正弦交流电压。拟议的滤波器由一个平面变压器和一个高频工作的 H 桥转换器组成，可注入电压谐波以获得正弦输出电压。其中包含平面变压器的设计参数，并说明了磁化和漏感对 SSPF 运行的影响。在模拟和实验结果的支持下，对单相系统的设计实例进行了理论分析。在输出电压中观察到的总谐波失真远远低于 IEEE 519 标准。在稳态和动态条件下对系统运行进行了实验测试。与现有技术的比较表明，所提出的拓扑结构减少了用于滤波的无源元件。
{"title":"Capacitorless Solid-State Power Filter for Single-Phase DC-AC Converters","authors":"Haitham Kanakri;Euzeli C. Dos Santos","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00033","url":null,"abstract":"Converters rely on passive filtering as a crucial element due to the high-frequency operational characteristics of power electronics. Traditional filtering methods involve a dual inductor-capacitor (LC) cell or an inductor-capacitor-inductor (LCL) T-circuit. However, capacitors are susceptible to wear-out mechanisms and failure modes. Nevertheless, the necessity for monitoring and regular replacement adds to an elevated cost of ownership for such systems. The utilization of an active output power filter can be used to diminish the dimensions of the LC filter and the electrolytic dc-link capacitor, even though the inclusion of capacitors remains an indispensable part of the system. This paper introduces capacitorless solid-state power filter (SSPF) for single-phase dc-ac converters. The proposed configuration is capable of generating a sinusoidal ac voltage without relying on capacitors. The proposed filter, composed of a planar transformer and an H-bridge converter operating at high frequency, injects voltage harmonics to attain a sinusoidal output voltage. The design parameters of the planar transformer are incorporated, and the impact of magnetizing and leakage inductances on the operation of the SSPF is illustrated. Theoretical analysis, supported by simulation and experimental results, are provided for a design example for a single-phase system. The total harmonic distortion observed in the output voltage is well below the IEEE 519 standard. The system operation is experimentally tested under both steady-state and dynamic conditions. A comparison with existing technology is presented, demonstrating that the proposed topology reduces the passive components used for filtering.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"8 3","pages":"367-377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10640369","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142368502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-20DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00032
Tefera Kitaba
High-efficient isolated DC/DC converters with a high-efficiency synchronous reluctance generator (SRG) are the ultimate solutions in DC microgrid systems. The design and modeling of isolated DC/DC converters with the performance of SRG are carried out. On the generator side, reactive and active powers are used as pulse width modulation (PWM) control variables. Further, the flux estimator is used. Three-phase PWM rectifier is used by applying space vector modulation (SVM) with a constant switching frequency for direct power control. Further, the paper also includes the experimental validation of the results. The paper also proposes that highly efficient power converters and synchronous reluctance generators are required to achieve high performance for hybrid renewable energy systems applications.
{"title":"Modeling the System for Hybrid Renewable Energy Using Highly Efficient Converters and Generator","authors":"Tefera Kitaba","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00032","url":null,"abstract":"High-efficient isolated DC/DC converters with a high-efficiency synchronous reluctance generator (SRG) are the ultimate solutions in DC microgrid systems. The design and modeling of isolated DC/DC converters with the performance of SRG are carried out. On the generator side, reactive and active powers are used as pulse width modulation (PWM) control variables. Further, the flux estimator is used. Three-phase PWM rectifier is used by applying space vector modulation (SVM) with a constant switching frequency for direct power control. Further, the paper also includes the experimental validation of the results. The paper also proposes that highly efficient power converters and synchronous reluctance generators are required to achieve high performance for hybrid renewable energy systems applications.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"8 3","pages":"356-366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10640367","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142368427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-18DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00023
Tugberk Ozmen;Batı Eren Ergun;Mehmet Onur Gulbahce;Nevzat Onat
In traditional electricity generation plants, large powerful synchronous, induction, and direct current generators were used. With the proliferation of microgrids focused on electricity generation from renewable energy sources in today's power grids, studies have been conducted on different types of generators. Instead of the traditional generator architecture, generators with brushless structures, particularly those utilizing magnets for excitation, have found broad applications. Flux-switching generators (FSGs) are innovative types owing to their robust structure, active stator design, and high power density capabilities. However, designs have typically relied on rare-earth element magnets. Rare-earth magnets possess negative characteristics such as price uncertainty, the potential risk of scarcity in the future, and limited geographical production, leading to research on FSGs that do not depend on rare-earth magnets. This study comprehensively examines FSGs that do not use rare-earth element magnets. The study delves into the usage areas, operational mechanisms, structural diversities, and counterparts in the literature of these generators.
{"title":"Rare-Earth Magnet Free Flux-Switching Generator for Wind Turbines in Micro-Grids: A Review","authors":"Tugberk Ozmen;Batı Eren Ergun;Mehmet Onur Gulbahce;Nevzat Onat","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00023","url":null,"abstract":"In traditional electricity generation plants, large powerful synchronous, induction, and direct current generators were used. With the proliferation of microgrids focused on electricity generation from renewable energy sources in today's power grids, studies have been conducted on different types of generators. Instead of the traditional generator architecture, generators with brushless structures, particularly those utilizing magnets for excitation, have found broad applications. Flux-switching generators (FSGs) are innovative types owing to their robust structure, active stator design, and high power density capabilities. However, designs have typically relied on rare-earth element magnets. Rare-earth magnets possess negative characteristics such as price uncertainty, the potential risk of scarcity in the future, and limited geographical production, leading to research on FSGs that do not depend on rare-earth magnets. This study comprehensively examines FSGs that do not use rare-earth element magnets. The study delves into the usage areas, operational mechanisms, structural diversities, and counterparts in the literature of these generators.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"8 3","pages":"295-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10604779","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142368477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-18DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00028
Zongsheng Zhang;Hao Wang;Hong Chen
A novel topology of modular ferrite magnet flux-switching linear motor (FMFSLM) use for track transport is presented in this paper, which enables more ferrite magnets to be inserted into the primary iron core. The motor has a significant low-cost advantage in long-distance linear drive. The proposed FMFSLM's structure and working principle were introduced. Further, the thrust force expression of the motor was established. The thrust force components triggering thrust force ripple were investigated, and their expressions can be obtained according to the inductances' Fourier series expressions. Resultantly, the relationship between the harmonics of thrust force and that of self- and mutual inductances was revealed clearly. Based on the relationship, a skewed secondary should be practical to reduce the thrust force ripple. Thus, the effect of employing a skewed secondary to the proposed FMFSLM was investigated, and an optimized skewing span distance was determined. Finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted to validate the exactness of the theoretical analysis. The simulation results indicate that the strategy of suppressing thrust force ripple has a significant effect. Meanwhile, the motor maintains a good efficiency characteristic. The results of the prototype experiment are in good agreement with FEAs, which further verifies the proposed modular interior FMFSLM's practicability.
{"title":"A Design of Modular Interior Ferrite Magnet Flux-Switching Linear Motor for Track Transport","authors":"Zongsheng Zhang;Hao Wang;Hong Chen","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00028","url":null,"abstract":"A novel topology of modular ferrite magnet flux-switching linear motor (FMFSLM) use for track transport is presented in this paper, which enables more ferrite magnets to be inserted into the primary iron core. The motor has a significant low-cost advantage in long-distance linear drive. The proposed FMFSLM's structure and working principle were introduced. Further, the thrust force expression of the motor was established. The thrust force components triggering thrust force ripple were investigated, and their expressions can be obtained according to the inductances' Fourier series expressions. Resultantly, the relationship between the harmonics of thrust force and that of self- and mutual inductances was revealed clearly. Based on the relationship, a skewed secondary should be practical to reduce the thrust force ripple. Thus, the effect of employing a skewed secondary to the proposed FMFSLM was investigated, and an optimized skewing span distance was determined. Finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted to validate the exactness of the theoretical analysis. The simulation results indicate that the strategy of suppressing thrust force ripple has a significant effect. Meanwhile, the motor maintains a good efficiency characteristic. The results of the prototype experiment are in good agreement with FEAs, which further verifies the proposed modular interior FMFSLM's practicability.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"8 3","pages":"284-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10604784","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142368428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-18DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00026
Ming Cheng;Zheng Cao;Xiaoming Yan
This article proposes a dual-negative-objective coordinated control strategy for brushless doubly fed induction generator (BDFIG) based wind power generation system under unbalanced grid voltage. To alleviate the mechanical stress and impaction on rotating shaft, the negative control objective (NCO) of machine side converter (MSC) is set to suppress the ripple of electromagnetic torque. While the NCO of grid side converter (GSC) is selected to suppress the oscillation of total output active power or the unbalanced degree of total output current for BDFIG generation system. In comparison with traditional single converter control scheme of the MSC or GSC, dual NCOs can be satisfied at the same time due to the enlarged freedom degree in the proposed improved coordinated control system for back-to-back converters. The effectiveness of proposed control strategy is validated by simulation and experimental results on a dual-cage-rotor BDFIG (DCR-BDFIG) prototype.
{"title":"Dual-Negative-Objective Coordinated Control of Brushless Doubly Fed Induction Generator under Unbalanced Grid Voltage","authors":"Ming Cheng;Zheng Cao;Xiaoming Yan","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00026","url":null,"abstract":"This article proposes a dual-negative-objective coordinated control strategy for brushless doubly fed induction generator (BDFIG) based wind power generation system under unbalanced grid voltage. To alleviate the mechanical stress and impaction on rotating shaft, the negative control objective (NCO) of machine side converter (MSC) is set to suppress the ripple of electromagnetic torque. While the NCO of grid side converter (GSC) is selected to suppress the oscillation of total output active power or the unbalanced degree of total output current for BDFIG generation system. In comparison with traditional single converter control scheme of the MSC or GSC, dual NCOs can be satisfied at the same time due to the enlarged freedom degree in the proposed improved coordinated control system for back-to-back converters. The effectiveness of proposed control strategy is validated by simulation and experimental results on a dual-cage-rotor BDFIG (DCR-BDFIG) prototype.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"8 3","pages":"347-355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10604778","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142368476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-03DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00013
Mehrage Ghods;Jawad Faiz;Ali A. Pourmoosa
The magnetic flux in a permanent magnet transverse flux generator (PMTFG) is three-dimensional (3D), therefore, its efficacy is evaluated using 3D magnetic field analysis. Although the 3D finite-element method (FEM) is highly accurate and reliable for machine simulation, it requires a long computation time, which is crucial when it is to be used in an iterative optimization process. Therefore, an alternative to 3D-FEM is required as a rapid and accurate analytical technique. This paper presents an analytical model for PMTFG analysis using winding function method. To obtain the air gap MMF distribution, the excitation magneto-motive force (MMF) and the turn function are determined based on certain assumptions. The magnetizing inductance, flux density, and back-electro-magneto-motive force of the winding are then determined. To assess the accuracy of the proposed method, the analytically calculated parameters of the generator are compared to those obtained by a 3D-FEM. The presented method requires significantly shorter computation time than the 3D-FEM with comparable accuracy.
{"title":"Winding Function Model-Based Performance Evaluation of a PM Transverse Flux Generator for Applications in Direct-Drive Systems","authors":"Mehrage Ghods;Jawad Faiz;Ali A. Pourmoosa","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00013","url":null,"abstract":"The magnetic flux in a permanent magnet transverse flux generator (PMTFG) is three-dimensional (3D), therefore, its efficacy is evaluated using 3D magnetic field analysis. Although the 3D finite-element method (FEM) is highly accurate and reliable for machine simulation, it requires a long computation time, which is crucial when it is to be used in an iterative optimization process. Therefore, an alternative to 3D-FEM is required as a rapid and accurate analytical technique. This paper presents an analytical model for PMTFG analysis using winding function method. To obtain the air gap MMF distribution, the excitation magneto-motive force (MMF) and the turn function are determined based on certain assumptions. The magnetizing inductance, flux density, and back-electro-magneto-motive force of the winding are then determined. To assess the accuracy of the proposed method, the analytically calculated parameters of the generator are compared to those obtained by a 3D-FEM. The presented method requires significantly shorter computation time than the 3D-FEM with comparable accuracy.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"8 2","pages":"216-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10545422","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141494918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-03DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00015
Han Zhou;Xiuhe Wang;Lixin Xiong;Xin Zhang
The mechanical strength of the synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) has always been a great challenge. This paper presents an analysis method for assessing stress equivalence and magnetic bridge stress interaction, along with a multiobjective optimization approach. Considering the complex flux barrier structure and inevitable stress concentration at the bridge, the finite element model suitable for SynRM is established. Initially, a neural network structure with two inputs, one output, and three layers is established. Continuous functions are constructed to enhance accuracy. Additionally, the equivalent stress can be converted into a contour distribution of a three-dimensional stress graph. The contour line distribution illustrates the matching scheme for magnetic bridge lengths under equivalent stress. Moreover, the paper explores the analysis of magnetic bridge interaction stress. The optimization levels corresponding to the length of each magnetic bridge are defined, and each level is analyzed by the finite element method. The Taguchi method is used to determine the specific gravity of the stress source on each magnetic bridge. Based on this, a multiobjective optimization employing the Multiobjective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) technique is introduced. By taking the rotor magnetic bridge as the design parameter, ten optimization objectives including air-gap flux density, sinusoidal property, average torque, torque ripple, and mechanical stress are optimized. The relationship between the optimization objectives and the design parameters can be obtained based on the response surface method (RSM) to avoid too many experimental samples. The optimized model is compared with the initial model, and the optimized effect is verified. Finally, the temperature distribution of under rated working conditions is analyzed, providing support for addressing thermal stress as mentioned earlier.
{"title":"Analysis and Research on Mechanical Stress and Multiobjective Optimization of Synchronous Reluctance Motor","authors":"Han Zhou;Xiuhe Wang;Lixin Xiong;Xin Zhang","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00015","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanical strength of the synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) has always been a great challenge. This paper presents an analysis method for assessing stress equivalence and magnetic bridge stress interaction, along with a multiobjective optimization approach. Considering the complex flux barrier structure and inevitable stress concentration at the bridge, the finite element model suitable for SynRM is established. Initially, a neural network structure with two inputs, one output, and three layers is established. Continuous functions are constructed to enhance accuracy. Additionally, the equivalent stress can be converted into a contour distribution of a three-dimensional stress graph. The contour line distribution illustrates the matching scheme for magnetic bridge lengths under equivalent stress. Moreover, the paper explores the analysis of magnetic bridge interaction stress. The optimization levels corresponding to the length of each magnetic bridge are defined, and each level is analyzed by the finite element method. The Taguchi method is used to determine the specific gravity of the stress source on each magnetic bridge. Based on this, a multiobjective optimization employing the Multiobjective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) technique is introduced. By taking the rotor magnetic bridge as the design parameter, ten optimization objectives including air-gap flux density, sinusoidal property, average torque, torque ripple, and mechanical stress are optimized. The relationship between the optimization objectives and the design parameters can be obtained based on the response surface method (RSM) to avoid too many experimental samples. The optimized model is compared with the initial model, and the optimized effect is verified. Finally, the temperature distribution of under rated working conditions is analyzed, providing support for addressing thermal stress as mentioned earlier.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"8 3","pages":"274-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10545420","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142368254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-03DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00019
Ye Zhang;Zixin Li;Fanqiang Gao;Cong Zhao;Yaohua Li
Cascaded H-bridge inverter (CHBI) with supercapacitors (SCs) and dc-dc stage shows significant promise for medium to high voltage energy storage applications. This paper investigates the voltage balance of capacitors within the CHBI, including both the dc-link capacitors and SCs. Balance control over the dc-link capacitor voltages is realized by the dc-dc stage in each submodule (SM), while a hybrid modulation strategy (HMS) is implemented in the H-bridge to balance the SC voltages among the SMs. Meanwhile, the dc-link voltage fluctuations are analyzed under the HMS. A virtual voltage variable is introduced to coordinate the balancing of dc-link capacitor voltages and SC voltages. Compared to the balancing method that solely considers the SC voltages, the presented method reduces the dc-link voltage fluctuations without affecting the voltage balance of SCS. Finally, both simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the presented method.
带有超级电容器（SC）和直流-直流级的级联 H 桥逆变器（CHBI）在中高压储能应用中大有可为。本文研究了 CHBI 内电容器（包括直流链路电容器和 SC）的电压平衡问题。每个子模块（SM）中的直流-直流级实现了对直流链路电容器电压的平衡控制，而混合调制策略（HMS）则在 H 桥中实施，以在 SM 之间平衡 SC 电压。同时，分析了 HMS 下的直流链路电压波动。引入了一个虚拟电压变量来协调直流链电容器电压和 SC 电压之间的平衡。与只考虑 SC 电压的平衡方法相比，所提出的方法在不影响 SCS 电压平衡的情况下减少了直流链电压波动。最后，模拟和实验结果都验证了所提出方法的有效性。
{"title":"Coordinated Capacitor Voltage Balancing Method for Cascaded H-Bridge Inverter with Supercapacitor and DC-DC Stage","authors":"Ye Zhang;Zixin Li;Fanqiang Gao;Cong Zhao;Yaohua Li","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00019","url":null,"abstract":"Cascaded H-bridge inverter (CHBI) with supercapacitors (SCs) and dc-dc stage shows significant promise for medium to high voltage energy storage applications. This paper investigates the voltage balance of capacitors within the CHBI, including both the dc-link capacitors and SCs. Balance control over the dc-link capacitor voltages is realized by the dc-dc stage in each submodule (SM), while a hybrid modulation strategy (HMS) is implemented in the H-bridge to balance the SC voltages among the SMs. Meanwhile, the dc-link voltage fluctuations are analyzed under the HMS. A virtual voltage variable is introduced to coordinate the balancing of dc-link capacitor voltages and SC voltages. Compared to the balancing method that solely considers the SC voltages, the presented method reduces the dc-link voltage fluctuations without affecting the voltage balance of SCS. Finally, both simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the presented method.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"8 2","pages":"191-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10545358","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141495122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-03DOI: 10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00020
Bo Pang;Xiao Jin;Quanwang Zhang;Yi Tang;Kai Liao;Jianwei Yang;Zhengyou He
High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission is a crucial way to solve the reverse distribution of clean energy and loads. The line commutated converter-based HVDC (LCC-HVDC) has become a vital structure for HVDC due to its high technological maturity and economic advantages. During the DC fault of LCC-HVDC, such as commutation failure, the reactive power regulation of the AC grid always lags the DC control process, causing overvoltage in the AC sending grid, which brings off-grid risk to the wind power generation based on power electronic devices. Nevertheless, considering that wind turbine generators have fast and flexible reactive power control capability, optimizing the reactive power control of wind turbines to participate in the transient overvoltage suppression of the sending grid not only improves the operational safety at the equipment level but also enhances the voltage stability of the system. This paper firstly analyses the impact of wind turbine's reactive power on AC transient overvoltage. Then, it proposes an improved voltage-reactive power control strategy, which contains a reactive power control delay compensation and a power command optimization based on the voltage time series prediction. The delay compensation is used to reduce the contribution of the untimely reactive power of wind turbines on transient overvoltage, and the power command optimization enables wind turbines to have the ability to regulate transient overvoltage, leading to the variation of AC voltage, thus suppressing the transient overvoltage. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method are verified in a ±800kV/5000MW LCC-HVDC sending grid model based on MATLAB/Simulink.
{"title":"Transient AC Overvoltage Suppression Orientated Reactive Power Control of the Wind Turbine in the LCC-HVDC Sending Grid","authors":"Bo Pang;Xiao Jin;Quanwang Zhang;Yi Tang;Kai Liao;Jianwei Yang;Zhengyou He","doi":"10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2024.00020","url":null,"abstract":"High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission is a crucial way to solve the reverse distribution of clean energy and loads. The line commutated converter-based HVDC (LCC-HVDC) has become a vital structure for HVDC due to its high technological maturity and economic advantages. During the DC fault of LCC-HVDC, such as commutation failure, the reactive power regulation of the AC grid always lags the DC control process, causing overvoltage in the AC sending grid, which brings off-grid risk to the wind power generation based on power electronic devices. Nevertheless, considering that wind turbine generators have fast and flexible reactive power control capability, optimizing the reactive power control of wind turbines to participate in the transient overvoltage suppression of the sending grid not only improves the operational safety at the equipment level but also enhances the voltage stability of the system. This paper firstly analyses the impact of wind turbine's reactive power on AC transient overvoltage. Then, it proposes an improved voltage-reactive power control strategy, which contains a reactive power control delay compensation and a power command optimization based on the voltage time series prediction. The delay compensation is used to reduce the contribution of the untimely reactive power of wind turbines on transient overvoltage, and the power command optimization enables wind turbines to have the ability to regulate transient overvoltage, leading to the variation of AC voltage, thus suppressing the transient overvoltage. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method are verified in a ±800kV/5000MW LCC-HVDC sending grid model based on MATLAB/Simulink.","PeriodicalId":100229,"journal":{"name":"CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems","volume":"8 2","pages":"152-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10545418","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141494926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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