Cleaner Chemical Engineering最新文献_第7页

Sustainable valorization of textile industry cotton waste through pyrolysis for biochar production 通过热解生产生物炭实现纺织业棉花废料的可持续增值

Cleaner Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.clce.2025.100161

Fatema Tujjohra , Md. Ehsanul Haque , Md. Abdul Kader , Mohammed Mizanur Rahman

This study presents a novel and sustainable approach to the valorization of textile spinning industry waste cotton (WC) through direct pyrolysis, converting it into high-quality biochar with enhanced energy potential and structural stability. This research systematically examines the impact of pyrolysis temperature (300–500°C) on biochar yield, composition, and physicochemical properties to optimize conditions for maximum carbon retention and energy efficiency. The results indicate that biochar yield decreased from Biochar yield decreased from 50.5 % at 300°C to 26.7 % at 500°C, while fixed carbon content increased from 59.33 % to 68.65 %. Elemental analysis revealed a rise in carbon content (53.13 % to 73.62 %) and reductions in oxygen (46.7 % to 13.27 %) and hydrogen (6.06 % to 2.79 %), enhancing thermal stability. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis demonstrated a transition from amorphous cellulose to condensed graphitic carbon at higher temperatures. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) confirmed superior thermal resistance, with biochar retaining 14.7 % of its mass at 800°C. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) revealed key thermal transitions, with the endothermic peak shifting from 65.5°C in raw WC to 79.6°C at 500°C, indicating increased thermal stability. The calorific value peaked at 27.31 MJ/kg at 400°C, making it a promising solid biofuel. Additionally, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis showed a substantial increase in porosity, with the highest specific surface area of 225.24 m²/g at 500°C, improving biochar's potential for adsorption, catalysis, and energy storage. These findings contribute to optimizing pyrolysis conditions for waste cotton valorization, supporting circular economy principles, reducing environmental pollution, and enhancing renewable energy applications. By integrating pyrolysis into textile waste management, this study offers a scalable and eco-friendly strategy for sustainable energy recovery and environmental remediation.

本研究提出了一种新的、可持续的方法，通过直接热解将纺织工业废棉（WC）转化为具有更高能量潜力和结构稳定性的优质生物炭。本研究系统考察了热解温度（300-500°C）对生物炭产量、组成和理化性质的影响，以优化最大碳保留和能源效率的条件。结果表明：生物炭产率由300℃时的50.5%下降到500℃时的26.7%，固定碳含量由59.33%上升到68.65%；元素分析表明，碳含量从53.13%上升到73.62%，氧含量从46.7%下降到13.27%，氢含量从6.06%下降到2.79%，热稳定性增强。x射线衍射（XRD）分析表明，在较高的温度下，从无定形纤维素到凝聚石墨碳的转变。热重分析（TGA）证实生物炭具有优异的耐热性，在800°C时保持其质量的14.7%。差示扫描量热法（DSC）显示了关键的热转变，吸热峰从原始WC的65.5°C转移到500°C时的79.6°C，表明热稳定性增加。在400°C时，其热值达到27.31 MJ/kg，是一种很有前途的固体生物燃料。此外，brunauer - emmet - teller （BET）分析显示孔隙度大幅增加，在500°C时比表面积最高，达到225.24 m2/g，提高了生物炭的吸附、催化和储能潜力。这些研究结果有助于优化废棉的热解条件，支持循环经济原则，减少环境污染，促进可再生能源的应用。通过将热解与纺织废物管理相结合，本研究为可持续能源回收和环境修复提供了一种可扩展和环保的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated production of second-generation ethanol, xylosaccharides and lignin-derived products from eucalyptus residues under a biorefinery approach 生物精炼方法下桉树残渣综合生产第二代乙醇、木糖和木质素衍生产品

Cleaner Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.clce.2025.100194

Mairan Guigou , Santiago Moure , Florencia Cebreiros , María-Noel Cabrera , Juan Martín Rodao , Leonardo Clavijo , Alberto Liguori , Laura Camesasca , Eugenia Vila , Mario Daniel Ferrari , Claudia Lareo

This study investigates the integrated utilization of eucalyptus sawdust for producing bioethanol and value-added co-products, such as xylose and lignin, with potential applications in various chemical industries. The sawdust underwent two pretreatment stages: an acid pretreatment with diluted phosphoric acid, followed by an alkaline treatment. The optimal acid pretreatment condition was 160 °C, 0.6 % phosphoric acid for 40 min, yielding a xylose concentration of 15.8 g/L and an 87 % xylosaccharides recovery. The resulting solid fraction was then treated with an alkaline solution to extract lignin, recovered with a 61 % yield. High enzymatic hydrolysis efficiencies of the pretreated solids were achieved, with glucose concentrations ranging from 105 to 162 g/L, resulting in glucose yields of 34 g/100 g dry sawdust. The best alkaline pretreatment condition was 14 % NaOH for 60 min. The separate enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation strategy was the most effective for ethanol production, yielding 73 g/L of ethanol and 171 L per ton of sawdust. Additionally, lignin could replace up to 30 % of the phenol-formaldehyde resin used in adhesives, improving bond strength and offering a cost-effective alternative. These findings highlight the potential of eucalyptus sawdust as a sustainable resource for bioethanol production and value-added chemical products.

本研究探讨了桉树木屑的综合利用，以生产生物乙醇和木糖、木质素等高附加值副产品，在各种化学工业中具有潜在的应用前景。木屑经过两个预处理阶段：用稀释的磷酸进行酸预处理，然后进行碱性处理。最佳酸预处理条件为160℃、0.6%磷酸、40 min，木糖浓度为15.8 g/L，木糖回收率为87%。然后用碱性溶液提取木质素，回收率为61%。在葡萄糖浓度为105 ~ 162 g/L的情况下，预处理固体的酶解效率很高，葡萄糖产量为34 g/100 g干木屑。最佳碱前处理条件为14% NaOH，处理时间为60 min。单独的酶解和发酵策略对乙醇生产最有效，每吨木屑的乙醇产量为73 g/L，每吨木屑的乙醇产量为171 L。此外，木质素可以取代粘合剂中使用的高达30%的酚醛树脂，提高粘合强度，并提供一种具有成本效益的替代品。这些发现突出了桉树锯末作为生物乙醇生产和增值化学产品的可持续资源的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Heterogeneous cobalt-based catalysts for boosting peroxymonosulfate activation: A review on cobalt-ion leaching inhibition strategies 促进过氧单硫酸盐活化的多相钴基催化剂：钴离子浸出抑制策略综述

Cleaner Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.clce.2025.100173

Sanshuang Gao , Tinghang Li , Xue Zhao , Guangzhi Hu , Xueyong Cui , Lingyang Pan , Thomas Wågberg

Cobalt (Co)-ion leaching is one of the most challenging issues associated with the application of heterogeneous Cobalt (Co)-based catalysts such as peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activators for the removal of organic pollutants. Excessive Co-ions threaten human health, and their leaching mitigates the possibility for efficient reusability of the material and leads to increased handling costs. Hence, the development of highly efficient and stable heterogeneous Co-based catalysts with low Co-ion leaching is essential for future industrial applications. This review summarises the strategies employed in recent years to mitigate or suppress metal-ion leaching from heterogeneous Co-based catalysts. The main approaches, including morphology and structure regulation, surface modification engineering, composition optimisation, and carrier immobilisation, are discussed. Analyses of the operational mechanisms, advantages, and limitations of each strategy are presented. Finally, to realize the practical applications of heterogeneous Co-based PMS systems, existing challenges, and future research prospects are discussed, providing a reference for the design of multiphase Co-based catalysts.

钴（Co）离子浸出是应用非均相钴（Co）基催化剂（如过氧单硫酸盐（PMS）活化剂）去除有机污染物最具挑战性的问题之一。过量的Co-ions威胁人类健康，它们的浸出降低了材料有效再利用的可能性，并导致处理成本增加。因此，开发高效、稳定、低co离子浸出的多相co基催化剂对未来的工业应用至关重要。本文综述了近年来用于减轻或抑制非均相co基催化剂金属离子浸出的策略。讨论了形貌和结构调控、表面改性工程、成分优化和载体固定化等主要方法。分析了每种策略的运行机制、优势和局限性。最后，为了实现多相co基PMS体系的实际应用，讨论了目前存在的挑战和未来的研究前景，为多相co基催化剂的设计提供参考。

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引用次数: 0

Recent trends for clean fuel using environmental protecting oxidative desulfurization process 清洁燃料采用环保型氧化脱硫工艺的最新趋势

Cleaner Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.clce.2024.100140

S. Said, S. Mikhail, M. Riad

The tremendous consumption of fuel oil causes the environmental pollution and it is necessary to curtail toxic sulfur compounds. The environmental remediation acquires clean desulfurization technology; oxidative desulfurization (ODS) process is intensively studied to produce sulfur clean fuels due to its mild reaction conditions, no hydrogen need and its notable desulfurization performances. This work emphasizes a comprehensive review on the recent finding in catalytic ODS including recently developed materials as metal organic framework/metal oxide composite, polyoxometalate, titanium and molybdenum oxides. The essential link between the catalyst properties and performances in ODS are discussed. The utilization of other ODS assisted processes like extractive, photo-catalytic, adsorptive, ultrasonic and mixing are also reviewed. The insights presented will aid in the development of more accurate and efficient methods for clean fuel production, thereby helping to protect human health and the environment. The review provides guidance from a methodology perspective like mixing assisted desulfurization process for future research and development. Finally, the required future works to mature this technology are suggested providing feasible outlook in efficient oxidative desulfurization technologies for clean fuel production from real fuel.

燃料油的大量消耗造成了环境污染，减少有毒含硫化合物是必要的。环境修复获得清洁脱硫技术；氧化脱硫（ODS）工艺因其反应条件温和、无需加氢、脱硫性能显著等优点，成为生产含硫清洁燃料的研究热点。本文综述了金属有机骨架/金属氧化物复合材料、多金属氧酸盐、钛氧化物和钼氧化物等材料的研究进展。讨论了ODS催化剂性能与性能之间的内在联系。综述了萃取、光催化、吸附、超声和混合等其他耗氧物质辅助工艺的应用。所提出的见解将有助于开发更准确和有效的清洁燃料生产方法，从而有助于保护人类健康和环境。从混合辅助脱硫工艺等方法学角度为今后的研究和开发提供指导。最后，提出了该技术进一步成熟所需要进行的工作，为实际燃料生产清洁燃料的高效氧化脱硫技术提供了可行的前景。

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引用次数: 0

Thermal pyrolysis of wasted high-density plastic into valuable fuels using statistically derived kinetic rate constants 利用统计导出的动力学速率常数将废弃高密度塑料热裂解成有价值的燃料

Cleaner Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.clce.2025.100172

Hammad Hussain , Sonia Arshed , Shahbaz Nasir Khan , Sameera Haq Nawaz , Muhammad Yasin Naz , Rao Adeel Un Nabi

Experimentally, empirical rate constants are used to extract liquid fuels and gases from the thermal decomposition of high-density plastics (HDPs). However, this approach is costly, time-consuming, and not commercially viable for producing a sustainable volume of liquid fuel. The prediction of rate constants is, therefore, imperative to boost the efficiency of the scaled destruction of plastic waste into fuels and other valuable products. We used the Box-Behnken technique in response surface methodology (RSM) to forecast temperature-dependent rate constants for thermal destruction of HDP. Most appropriate combinations of activation energies (Ea), exponential factors (Ao) and rate constants (k) were predicted statistically for better insight into HDP reaction mechanism for commercial scale production of oils and gases. The predicted parameters were used in a 2nd order ordinary differential solver to simulate the amount of oil and gases. The thermal treatment of HDP under optimized conditions resulted in 99 % oil production after 240 min of reaction. The formation of heavy wax was observed at the start of the reaction, and it changed to oil, light wax, and gases after 1 hour of processing. After 2 h, light wax production declined and oil production increased over time.

实验中，利用经验速率常数从高密度塑料（HDPs）的热分解中提取液体燃料和气体。然而，这种方法成本高，耗时长，而且在商业上不可行，无法生产出可持续数量的液体燃料。因此，速率常数的预测对于提高塑料垃圾转化为燃料和其他有价值产品的效率至关重要。我们使用响应面法（RSM）中的Box-Behnken技术来预测HDP热破坏的温度相关速率常数。对活化能（Ea）、指数因子（Ao）和速率常数(k)的最合适组合进行了统计预测，以便更好地了解HDP反应机理，用于商业规模的油气生产。将预测参数应用于二阶常微分求解器中，对油气量进行了数值模拟。在优化条件下对HDP进行热处理，反应240 min后原油采收率达到99%。在反应开始时观察到重蜡的形成，经过1小时的处理后变为油、轻蜡和气体。2 h后，随着时间的推移，轻蜡产量下降，原油产量增加。

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引用次数: 0

Review on advancing heavy metals removal: The use of iron oxide nanoparticles and microalgae-based adsorbents 重金属去除研究进展：氧化铁纳米颗粒和微藻吸附剂的应用

Cleaner Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.clce.2024.100137

Nomthandazo Precious Sibiya , Thembisile Patience Mahlangu , Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh , Sudesh Rathilal

Industrial effluent comprises several highly toxic substances that have polluted water and harmed natural resources. The existence of heavy metals in wastewater, on the other hand, limits the biodegradability of major organic pollutants, transforming them into long-term ecosystem components. Membrane separation, advanced oxidation, and adsorption have all been used to treat wastewater, but adsorption has proven to be preferable due to its low technical skill demand and relatively high pollutant removal efficiency while employing a low adsorbent dose. As a result, one of the approaches that has yielded promising results and sparked widespread attention is the synthesis of novel adsorbents. Recently, there has been a lot of interest in immobilizing microbial cells on biosorbents to reduce contaminants. Compared to other biological treatment technologies, biosorbent immobilized microorganisms can increase microbial abundance, repeated utilization ratio, microbial metabolic capability, and so on. However, the study on this approach is still in its early stages. The interaction between biosorbent and microbes has received little attention, with many research projects limited to laboratory settings. Further explanation is needed to address issues such as challenging recovery and secondary contamination from remaining contaminants following biosorbent adsorption. This article provides a detailed overview of biosorbent-based wastewater treatment technologies. It investigated the mechanics of immobilized microorganisms and assessed their applicability in wastewater treatment using biosorbents.

工业废水含有几种高毒性物质，污染了水并损害了自然资源。另一方面，废水中重金属的存在限制了主要有机污染物的生物降解性，使其转化为长期的生态系统成分。膜分离法、深度氧化法和吸附法都已被用于废水处理，但吸附法因其技术要求低、吸附剂用量少、污染物去除率高而被证明是首选。因此，合成新型吸附剂是一种已经产生了有希望的结果并引起广泛关注的方法。近年来，在生物吸附剂上固定化微生物细胞以减少污染物的研究引起了人们的极大兴趣。与其他生物处理技术相比，生物吸附剂固定化微生物可以提高微生物丰度、重复利用率、微生物代谢能力等。然而，对这种方法的研究仍处于早期阶段。生物吸附剂与微生物之间的相互作用很少受到关注，许多研究项目仅限于实验室环境。需要进一步的解释来解决诸如生物吸附剂吸附后残留污染物的回收和二次污染等问题。本文详细介绍了基于生物吸附剂的废水处理技术。研究了固定化微生物的机理，并评价了其在生物吸附剂处理废水中的适用性。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of methane emissions reduction methods in the oil and natural gas operations using a decision support system under quartic fuzzy DEAMEIM-MARCOS model 基于四次模糊DEAMEIM-MARCOS模型的决策支持系统评价油气作业中甲烷减排方法

Cleaner Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.clce.2025.100186

Abdolvahhab Fetanat , Mohsen Tayebi , Elham Gholampour

Methane is an important greenhouse gas that has been linked to climate change impacts and the industry of oil and natural gas (O&G) energy is a major source of methane emissions. These emissions arise from leaks and regular venting that occurs throughout O&G operations. Mitigating these emissions from the operations of the studied industry has advantages for air quality and health. There are several policy options that are considered as solutions available to mitigate the emissions of methane from O&G operations. Choosing the appropriate policy option is a complex multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem that needs to use an intelligent and robust decision support system (DSS) to employ a smart and resilient model to decrease uncertainty in the decision-making process. The proposed DSS of this work incorporates the Delphi method and Method based on the Removal Effects of Criteria (MEREC) integration method (DEAMEIM) and Measurement of Alternatives and Ranking according to Compromise Solution (MARCOS) model under the quartic fuzzy set (QFS). Moreover, a hybrid criteria system, which involves 19 criteria has been used to evaluate policy options for methane emissions reduction. The criteria are selected according to the integration of 1) sustainability pillars and 2) health, safety, and environmental (HSE) aspects. The results of evaluations exhibit that the Regulation of methane leak detection and repair (LDAR) programs, is the most suitable scenario for methane emissions reduction from the operations. Computational analysis confirms the practicality and applicability of the DSS in determining the best possible scenario.

甲烷是一种重要的温室气体，与气候变化的影响有关，石油和天然气（O&；G）能源工业是甲烷排放的主要来源。这些排放来自于整个油气作业过程中发生的泄漏和常规排气。减少所研究工业的这些排放有利于空气质量和健康。有几种政策选择被认为是减少油气作业甲烷排放的可行解决方案。选择合适的政策选项是一个复杂的多准则决策问题，需要使用智能和稳健的决策支持系统（DSS）来采用智能和弹性模型来减少决策过程中的不确定性。本文提出的决策支持系统结合了德尔菲法、基于标准去除效应的方法（MEREC）、DEAMEIM集成方法（DEAMEIM）和四次模糊集（QFS）下的妥协解模型（MARCOS）替代和排序度量方法。此外，还采用了一个包含19项标准的混合标准系统来评估减少甲烷排放的政策选择。这些标准是根据1)可持续性支柱和2)健康、安全和环境（HSE）方面的整合来选择的。评估结果表明，甲烷泄漏检测和修复（LDAR）计划是最适合减少甲烷排放的方案。计算分析证实了决策支持系统在确定最佳可能方案方面的实用性和适用性。

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引用次数: 0

Phyto-mediated synthesis of polymetallic nanoparticles (Cu/Ag/Ru/Gd/Te) using abutilon indicum filtrate: Antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic and photocatalytic potentials 植物介导的多金属纳米粒子（Cu/Ag/Ru/Gd/Te）的合成：抗菌、抗氧化、抗糖尿病和光催化电位

Cleaner Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.clce.2025.100185

R Rathika, S Srinivasan, M Sindhu Devi

This research delves into the creation of polymetallic nanoparticles composed of Cu/Ag/Ru/Gd/Te (PNS), utilizing the seed filtrate from the medicinal plant Abutilon indicum. A variety of characterization techniques have demonstrated a robust surface plasmon resonance in the range of 200 to 400 nm. Furthermore, the study examined the morphology, shape, composition, oxidation states, particle size, and thermal properties of the nanoparticles through SEM, EDX, XPS, AFM, and DTA/TG methods. The crystalline sizes were found to be 18.3 nm for Cu, 17.2 nm for Ag, 17.9 nm for Ru, 18.1 nm for Gd, and 17.9 nm for Te. The study also explored antibacterial and photocatalytic properties, revealing significant in vitro antidiabetic activity, with IC₅₀ values of 326 µg/ml for the α-amylase inhibition assay and 303 µg/ml for α-glucosidase inhibition. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of PNS was measured, yielding an IC₅₀ value of 127 µg/ml and an R² value of 0.9172.

本研究利用药用植物Abutilon indicum种子滤液制备了由Cu/Ag/Ru/Gd/Te （PNS）组成的多金属纳米颗粒。各种表征技术已经证明了一个强大的表面等离子体共振在200至400纳米的范围内。此外，该研究还通过SEM、EDX、XPS、AFM和DTA/TG等方法检测了纳米颗粒的形貌、形状、组成、氧化态、粒径和热性能。Cu的晶粒尺寸为18.3 nm， Ag为17.2 nm， Ru为17.9 nm， Gd为18.1 nm， Te为17.9 nm。体外抗糖尿病活性显著，α-淀粉酶抑制IC50值为326µg/ml， α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制IC50值为303µg/ml。测定了PNS的抗氧化活性，其IC50值为127µg/ml， R²值为0.9172。

引用次数: 0

Bioremediation of heavy metals in aquatic environment: A review 水生环境中重金属的生物修复研究进展

Cleaner Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.clce.2025.100193

Olubukola Oziegbe , Ehitua  Julius Oziegbe , Olusola Ojo-Omoniyi

The pursuit of critical minerals such as lithium (Li), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and rare earth elements (REE) has intensified mining, producing heavy metal waste that contaminates water bodies. Pollution from human activities and improper disposal of high-tech products containing heavy metals like Hg, Cd, Ni, Cu, Pb, and Cr has degraded surface and groundwater. These metals enter the human body via bioaccumulation in the food chain or direct consumption of contaminated water, posing health risks. There is an urgent need for cost-effective, eco-friendly methods to decontaminate water without generating additional pollutants. Conventional remediation technologies are costly and produce hazardous waste requiring disposal. In contrast, biological materials—such as bacteria, cyanobacteria, fungi, lichens, algae, and plants—offer affordable, sustainable solutions for water decontamination. Moreover, metal-rich biomass from bioremediation processes, like cyanoremediation, can be converted into valuable products, such as metal nanoparticles for pharmaceutical and industrial use, creating a closed-loop system that generates wealth instead of waste. Genetic engineering can further enhance biosorbent organisms and plants to improve heavy metal binding and accumulation. This review examines the environmental and health impacts of heavy metals, the limitations of conventional remediation methods, various bioremediation techniques, and future research directions.

对锂（Li）、镍（Ni）、钴（Co）和稀土元素（REE）等关键矿物的追求加剧了采矿，产生了污染水体的重金属废物。人类活动造成的污染以及对含有汞、镉、镍、铜、铅和铬等重金属的高科技产品的不当处理导致地表水和地下水退化。这些金属通过食物链中的生物积累或直接饮用受污染的水进入人体，构成健康风险。迫切需要一种成本效益高、环境友好的方法来净化水，而不产生额外的污染物。传统的修复技术成本高昂，而且会产生需要处理的危险废物。相比之下，生物材料——如细菌、蓝藻、真菌、地衣、藻类和植物——为水净化提供了经济、可持续的解决方案。此外，来自生物修复过程（如氰修复）的富含金属的生物质可以转化为有价值的产品，如用于制药和工业用途的金属纳米粒子，从而形成一个产生财富而不是浪费的闭环系统。基因工程可以进一步增强生物吸附生物和植物，以改善重金属的结合和积累。本文综述了重金属对环境和健康的影响、传统修复方法的局限性、各种生物修复技术以及未来的研究方向。

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引用次数: 0

Biochar-synergy in anaerobic digestion of animal wastes for total pollution control and bioenergy production: A sustainable integrated perspective 生物炭在动物粪便厌氧消化中的协同作用，用于总污染控制和生物能源生产：可持续的综合观点

Cleaner Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.clce.2025.100177

Obey Gotore , Thuong Thi Nguyen , Tirivashe Philip Masere , Albert Shumba , Albert Gumbo , Prattakorn Sittisom , Mufwankolo Apingien Heritier , Tomoaki Itayama

Organic waste disposal and treatment are key public and environmental health issues contributing to pollution reduction and minimizing the spread of diseases from agricultural setups. Current treatment methods of animal waste often generate odors and greenhouse gases, which become catastrophic downstream, including algae blooms and groundwater contamination. Anaerobic digestion (AD) using bioreactors has been an economic resource utilization strategy for organic waste treatment with ecological integrity for environmental justice. To enhance the effectiveness of AD, the addition of biochar has been shown to improve treatment efficiency by amplifying bacterial activity and aiding in the breakdown of complex organic materials for biofuel production. We reviewed the integration of biochar in the AD of animal waste material as a cost-effective bio-carrier to enhance treatment for environmental protection and bioenergy production. We discussed the current relationship between pyrolysis conditions and feedstock types used in the AD process and evaluated the ecological functions of microbial activities and their interaction with biochar-based biomass in AD engineering designs. A comprehension of the technological advances to improve the AD performances associated with microbial biomass and biochar addition and potential areas for future research and their limitations toward a zero-waste paradigm for sustainable development in farm management systems was reviewed.

有机废物的处置和处理是关键的公共和环境卫生问题，有助于减少污染和尽量减少农业设施造成的疾病传播。目前的动物粪便处理方法通常会产生气味和温室气体，对下游造成灾难性影响，包括藻类繁殖和地下水污染。利用生物反应器进行厌氧消化已成为一种经济有效的有机废物资源化处理策略。为了提高AD的有效性，添加生物炭已被证明可以通过放大细菌活性和帮助分解用于生物燃料生产的复杂有机物质来提高处理效率。本文综述了生物炭作为一种经济高效的生物载体在动物粪便AD中的应用，以加强对环境保护和生物能源生产的处理。我们讨论了目前热解条件与AD工艺中使用的原料类型之间的关系，并评估了AD工程设计中微生物活动的生态功能及其与生物炭基生物质的相互作用。综述了提高与微生物生物量和生物炭添加相关的AD性能的技术进步、未来研究的潜在领域以及它们在实现农场管理系统可持续发展的零废物范式方面的局限性。

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引用次数: 0