Pub Date : 2025-04-21DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2025.3562844
Yinan Li;Song Hu;Chuan Sun;Peiwen Li;Wanlin Nie;Huiqing Wen;Akshay Rathore;Xiaodong Li
To improve the operation efficiency under various conversion gains, a series resonant dc–dc converter is proposed in this article for renewable power generation application, which adopts a dual-transformer structure and employs an asymmetrical modulation scheme. First, the operation principle of the converter and the modulation scheme is analyzed. As a result, the steady-state characteristics expressions are solved, including the resonant tank current and transmission power. To reduce the high-frequency switching loss, the additional parameter of dual-transformer structure, which is defined as the ratio of two high-frequency transformers, can be tuned to widen zero-voltage switching (ZVS) range on both sides. Furthermore, Lagrange multiplier method is applied to minimize the root mean square (rms) current to reduce the conduction loss. With full ZVS range operation and minimized rms current, the overall efficiency of the proposed converter can be enhanced. Finally, the performance of the proposed converter with the adopted control scheme is evaluated with the experimental results on a 400 W lab prototype converter.
{"title":"A Dual-Transformer Series Resonant Converter With Wide ZVS Range and Minimized RMS Current Operation","authors":"Yinan Li;Song Hu;Chuan Sun;Peiwen Li;Wanlin Nie;Huiqing Wen;Akshay Rathore;Xiaodong Li","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2025.3562844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2025.3562844","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the operation efficiency under various conversion gains, a series resonant dc–dc converter is proposed in this article for renewable power generation application, which adopts a dual-transformer structure and employs an asymmetrical modulation scheme. First, the operation principle of the converter and the modulation scheme is analyzed. As a result, the steady-state characteristics expressions are solved, including the resonant tank current and transmission power. To reduce the high-frequency switching loss, the additional parameter of dual-transformer structure, which is defined as the ratio of two high-frequency transformers, can be tuned to widen zero-voltage switching (ZVS) range on both sides. Furthermore, Lagrange multiplier method is applied to minimize the root mean square (rms) current to reduce the conduction loss. With full ZVS range operation and minimized rms current, the overall efficiency of the proposed converter can be enhanced. Finally, the performance of the proposed converter with the adopted control scheme is evaluated with the experimental results on a 400 W lab prototype converter.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"6 ","pages":"281-294"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10971908","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-21DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2025.3562868
Ji-Chang Son;Min-Su Kwon;Dong-Kuk Lim
Optimal design of a traction motor is a complex process, as various requirements and constraints need to be satisfied. In addition, consideration of various physical aspects, such as stress and heat, is necessary to ensure the stability of the motor, including mechanical rigidity and insulation breakdown. In this article, to derive the optimal design of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), a novel sequential design process consisting of conceptual design, detailed design, and optimal design is proposed. The conceptual design enables the rapid execution of multiple case studies, as static electromagnetic analysis is used. The overall geometric parameters are determined through electromagnetic analysis in the detailed design stage and an initial model that satisfies the requirements is derived. Finally, in the optimal design stage, the optimal model is quickly derived using a machine learning method, and the stability of the model is examined through multiphysics analysis. To validate the applicability to the practical motor, design optimization for a 350-kW class dual three-phase IPMSM for a wheeled armored vehicle is conducted, and the feasibility of the proposed method is verified based on the experimental results of the manufactured prototype.
{"title":"Sequential Design Process of a 350-kW Class Dual Three-Phase IPMSM for a Wheeled Armored Vehicle","authors":"Ji-Chang Son;Min-Su Kwon;Dong-Kuk Lim","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2025.3562868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2025.3562868","url":null,"abstract":"Optimal design of a traction motor is a complex process, as various requirements and constraints need to be satisfied. In addition, consideration of various physical aspects, such as stress and heat, is necessary to ensure the stability of the motor, including mechanical rigidity and insulation breakdown. In this article, to derive the optimal design of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), a novel sequential design process consisting of conceptual design, detailed design, and optimal design is proposed. The conceptual design enables the rapid execution of multiple case studies, as static electromagnetic analysis is used. The overall geometric parameters are determined through electromagnetic analysis in the detailed design stage and an initial model that satisfies the requirements is derived. Finally, in the optimal design stage, the optimal model is quickly derived using a machine learning method, and the stability of the model is examined through multiphysics analysis. To validate the applicability to the practical motor, design optimization for a 350-kW class dual three-phase IPMSM for a wheeled armored vehicle is conducted, and the feasibility of the proposed method is verified based on the experimental results of the manufactured prototype.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"6 ","pages":"237-248"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10971876","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-28DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2025.3555529
Md Samiullah;Mohammed Al-Hitmi;Ali T. Al Awami;Shirazul Islam;Atif Iqbal
DC–DC converters hold immense importance due to their diverse applications, making it critical to design them in accordance with the demanding operational requirements. Conventional boost converters face significant challenges at high voltage levels, requiring excessively high duty cycles that lead to increased component stress, switching transients and losses, electromagnetic interference (EMI), and diode reverse recovery issues. This article presents the design of a new voltage scaling converter with applications in high-voltage scenarios, such as the integration of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems into a high-voltage dc bus within a microgrid. The proposed converter features an extendable design and flexible control, enabled by the incorporation of dual duty cycles, allowing for a broader range of operational flexibility. The converter simultaneously achieves high voltage gain, reduced component stress, continuous input current, high power density, and a wide range of feasible duty ratios. The utilization of multiple passive elements is analytically verified by studying variations in parameters, such as the presence of inductors with different values. Finally, the converter's performance is validated through experiments conducted on a 600 W prototype operating at a frequency of 50 kHz. In addition, the closed-loop operation of the converter is validated by its ability to maintain a regulated 400 V dc bus voltage, despite variations in the input voltage.
{"title":"Wide Range Voltage Scaling Converter With Extended Duty and Low Voltage Stress for a DC Microgrid Applications","authors":"Md Samiullah;Mohammed Al-Hitmi;Ali T. Al Awami;Shirazul Islam;Atif Iqbal","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2025.3555529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2025.3555529","url":null,"abstract":"DC–DC converters hold immense importance due to their diverse applications, making it critical to design them in accordance with the demanding operational requirements. Conventional boost converters face significant challenges at high voltage levels, requiring excessively high duty cycles that lead to increased component stress, switching transients and losses, electromagnetic interference (EMI), and diode reverse recovery issues. This article presents the design of a new voltage scaling converter with applications in high-voltage scenarios, such as the integration of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems into a high-voltage dc bus within a microgrid. The proposed converter features an extendable design and flexible control, enabled by the incorporation of dual duty cycles, allowing for a broader range of operational flexibility. The converter simultaneously achieves high voltage gain, reduced component stress, continuous input current, high power density, and a wide range of feasible duty ratios. The utilization of multiple passive elements is analytically verified by studying variations in parameters, such as the presence of inductors with different values. Finally, the converter's performance is validated through experiments conducted on a 600 W prototype operating at a frequency of 50 kHz. In addition, the closed-loop operation of the converter is validated by its ability to maintain a regulated 400 V dc bus voltage, despite variations in the input voltage.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"6 ","pages":"162-177"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10944579","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-25DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2025.3554485
Usman Ali Khan;Ashraf Ali Khan;Jung-Wook Park
This article presents a simple high-frequency transformer (HFT) isolated buck–boost inverter designed for single-phase applications. The proposed HFT isolated inverter, with its full-bridge buck–boost topology, provides a wider voltage regulation range. It can efficiently step up or step down the input voltage to achieve the desired output ac voltage. It provides galvanic isolation between the input and output sides. This feature ensures safety and compatibility with applications that require isolation, such as renewable energy systems and electric vehicle charging. It utilizes a solitary output inductor, an HFT for isolation, and ensures that only one switch is switching at a high frequency at a time. This novel inverter design obviates the requirements for a 50/60 Hz low-frequency transformer, consequently enhancing the power density. To validate the theoretical findings, an experimental prototype of the proposed inverter with output voltage ac voltage of peak 155.5 V, line frequency 60 Hz, and an output power of 0.5 kW is implemented. Extensive experimental tests are conducted under various operating conditions. The experimental results validate the theoretical analysis and confirm the practical viability and effectiveness of the proposed topology.
{"title":"Single-Stage Single-Phase Isolated Full-Bridge Buck–Boost DC–AC Inverters","authors":"Usman Ali Khan;Ashraf Ali Khan;Jung-Wook Park","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2025.3554485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2025.3554485","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a simple high-frequency transformer (HFT) isolated buck–boost inverter designed for single-phase applications. The proposed HFT isolated inverter, with its full-bridge buck–boost topology, provides a wider voltage regulation range. It can efficiently step up or step down the input voltage to achieve the desired output ac voltage. It provides galvanic isolation between the input and output sides. This feature ensures safety and compatibility with applications that require isolation, such as renewable energy systems and electric vehicle charging. It utilizes a solitary output inductor, an HFT for isolation, and ensures that only one switch is switching at a high frequency at a time. This novel inverter design obviates the requirements for a 50/60 Hz low-frequency transformer, consequently enhancing the power density. To validate the theoretical findings, an experimental prototype of the proposed inverter with output voltage ac voltage of peak 155.5 V, line frequency 60 Hz, and an output power of 0.5 kW is implemented. Extensive experimental tests are conducted under various operating conditions. The experimental results validate the theoretical analysis and confirm the practical viability and effectiveness of the proposed topology.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"6 ","pages":"148-161"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10938598","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-21DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2025.3569595
Yifei Cai;Fares S. EL-Faouri;Akira Chiba;Souichiro Yoshizaki
Magnetostriction and electromagnetic force are the two electromagnetic sources of motor vibration. Understanding the phases of the vibrations caused by these two factors is crucial for determining whether they interact to amplify or mitigate total vibration. This study focuses on the experimental investigation of the phase behaviors of these two types of vibrations. A frequency-dependent phase delay between magnetostrictive strain and flux density is observed when measuring the magnetostriction curves of three core materials. However, similar phase delay cannot be confirmed between the magnetostrictive vibration and flux density in three stator cores. Instead, the magnetostrictive vibration is found to be in phase with the flux density even under high-frequency excitations. In addition, the vibration caused by electromagnetic force is measured in a switched reluctance motor, which also demonstrates an anti-phase relationship with the flux density. These experimental findings provide fundamental insights into magnetostrictive vibration, which will guide further research on motor vibration considering magnetostriction effect.
{"title":"An Experimental Study on Phases of Vibrations Caused by Magnetostriction and Electromagnetic Force","authors":"Yifei Cai;Fares S. EL-Faouri;Akira Chiba;Souichiro Yoshizaki","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2025.3569595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2025.3569595","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetostriction and electromagnetic force are the two electromagnetic sources of motor vibration. Understanding the phases of the vibrations caused by these two factors is crucial for determining whether they interact to amplify or mitigate total vibration. This study focuses on the experimental investigation of the phase behaviors of these two types of vibrations. A frequency-dependent phase delay between magnetostrictive strain and flux density is observed when measuring the magnetostriction curves of three core materials. However, similar phase delay cannot be confirmed between the magnetostrictive vibration and flux density in three stator cores. Instead, the magnetostrictive vibration is found to be in phase with the flux density even under high-frequency excitations. In addition, the vibration caused by electromagnetic force is measured in a switched reluctance motor, which also demonstrates an anti-phase relationship with the flux density. These experimental findings provide fundamental insights into magnetostrictive vibration, which will guide further research on motor vibration considering magnetostriction effect.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"6 ","pages":"316-324"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11008624","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-12DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2025.3569306
Mohammad Adnan K. Magableh;Amr Ahmed A. Radwan;Yasser Abdel-Rady I. Mohamed
Hybrid generation systems integrating photovoltaics (PVs), full-scale wind turbines (WTs), and battery energy storage systems (BESSs) have garnered substantial interest for utility-scale grid-tied applications due to their enhanced efficiency and reliability. However, in a hybrid system integrating these resources at the dc-side of a voltage-source converter, the dc-link stability remains largely unexplored in existing literature, particularly under weak grid conditions and across different operational regions of the PV, WT, and BESS. This article presents a comprehensive small-signal stability analysis of a hybrid PV-WT-BESS system using detailed state-space and incremental impedance models. The analysis reveals that the hybrid system exhibits low-frequency oscillation instability in weak grid conditions when the PV operates in the current-limited region. A novel active damping strategy is introduced to mitigate these instabilities, effectively suppressing negative interaction dynamics and improving overall system stability; this is achieved by repositioning unstable eigenmodes and reshaping the dc-link dynamics to comply with the Nyquist stability criterion. The proposed compensation technique offers several key advantages: 1) it is simple yet effective and can be designed using linear analysis methods; 2) it ensures stable operation under varying grid conditions without altering steady-state performance; 3) it enhances the low-voltage ride-through capability; and 4) it eliminates the need for additional measurement sensors, thereby simplifying the implementation and reducing costs compared to alternative stabilization methods. Offline and real-time software-in-the-loop simulations validate the accuracy of the developed models and dynamic interactions, as well as the effectiveness of the proposed active stabilization approach across typical operating conditions.
{"title":"Dynamic Analysis and Stability Enhancement of a Weak Grid-Tied Hybrid System Integrating PV, Full-Scale Wind Turbine, and Battery Storage","authors":"Mohammad Adnan K. Magableh;Amr Ahmed A. Radwan;Yasser Abdel-Rady I. Mohamed","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2025.3569306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2025.3569306","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid generation systems integrating photovoltaics (PVs), full-scale wind turbines (WTs), and battery energy storage systems (BESSs) have garnered substantial interest for utility-scale grid-tied applications due to their enhanced efficiency and reliability. However, in a hybrid system integrating these resources at the dc-side of a voltage-source converter, the dc-link stability remains largely unexplored in existing literature, particularly under weak grid conditions and across different operational regions of the PV, WT, and BESS. This article presents a comprehensive small-signal stability analysis of a hybrid PV-WT-BESS system using detailed state-space and incremental impedance models. The analysis reveals that the hybrid system exhibits low-frequency oscillation instability in weak grid conditions when the PV operates in the current-limited region. A novel active damping strategy is introduced to mitigate these instabilities, effectively suppressing negative interaction dynamics and improving overall system stability; this is achieved by repositioning unstable eigenmodes and reshaping the dc-link dynamics to comply with the Nyquist stability criterion. The proposed compensation technique offers several key advantages: 1) it is simple yet effective and can be designed using linear analysis methods; 2) it ensures stable operation under varying grid conditions without altering steady-state performance; 3) it enhances the low-voltage ride-through capability; and 4) it eliminates the need for additional measurement sensors, thereby simplifying the implementation and reducing costs compared to alternative stabilization methods. Offline and real-time software-in-the-loop simulations validate the accuracy of the developed models and dynamic interactions, as well as the effectiveness of the proposed active stabilization approach across typical operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"6 ","pages":"325-349"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11002380","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-12DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2025.3569203
Mohammad Hedayati;Harry C. P. Dymond;Saeed Jahdi;Bernard Stark
Power electronic designers use I-V device characterization, with source meters and double-pulse testing, to choose devices and to validate the circuit layout of converters. Double pulse testing helps designers predict the performance and efficiency of the final converter, without the cost of high-power supplies and loads. However, unlike silicon devices, gallium nitride (GaN) enhancement-mode high-electron-mobility transistor (eHEMTs) are known to suffer from bias effects that impact the device characterization tests as they undergo temporary subtle changes in gate threshold voltage and on-state resistance as a function of their terminal voltages. This raises questions around how closely GaN double-pulse testing resembles continuous switching in a converter and how well source meter results relate to the I-V trajectory of a device that is continuously switching. This article investigates the impact of the bias effects on repeatability and measurement consistency of GaN eHEMT I-V characterizations. The devices evaluated are 650 V Schottky-gate and 600 V ohmic-gate GaN eHEMTs, while 900 V rated SiC mosfets are used as a control, due to their relative insusceptibility to historic terminal bias. The gate threshold voltage derived from source meter measurements is shown to depend on the meter's timings and pulse durations. The switching waveforms from double pulse testing are shown to be different to those of continuous switching, and this difference is a function of how gate and dc-link voltages are applied prior to switching. Continuous switching waveforms are shown to settle within a million cycles. Finally, a preconditioning approach for noncontinuous testing is demonstrated that employs a defined number of pulses to prebias the GaN eHEMT device, thereby causing measurement edges that resemble those of continuous-mode switching.
{"title":"Impact of Biasing Effects on Turn-On Switching Transients of GaN Power eHEMTs: Repeatability and Consistency","authors":"Mohammad Hedayati;Harry C. P. Dymond;Saeed Jahdi;Bernard Stark","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2025.3569203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2025.3569203","url":null,"abstract":"Power electronic designers use I-V device characterization, with source meters and double-pulse testing, to choose devices and to validate the circuit layout of converters. Double pulse testing helps designers predict the performance and efficiency of the final converter, without the cost of high-power supplies and loads. However, unlike silicon devices, gallium nitride (GaN) enhancement-mode high-electron-mobility transistor (eHEMTs) are known to suffer from bias effects that impact the device characterization tests as they undergo temporary subtle changes in gate threshold voltage and <sc>on</small>-state resistance as a function of their terminal voltages. This raises questions around how closely GaN double-pulse testing resembles continuous switching in a converter and how well source meter results relate to the I-V trajectory of a device that is continuously switching. This article investigates the impact of the bias effects on repeatability and measurement consistency of GaN eHEMT I-V characterizations. The devices evaluated are 650 V Schottky-gate and 600 V ohmic-gate GaN eHEMTs, while 900 V rated SiC <sc>mosfet</small>s are used as a control, due to their relative insusceptibility to historic terminal bias. The gate threshold voltage derived from source meter measurements is shown to depend on the meter's timings and pulse durations. The switching waveforms from double pulse testing are shown to be different to those of continuous switching, and this difference is a function of how gate and dc-link voltages are applied prior to switching. Continuous switching waveforms are shown to settle within a million cycles. Finally, a preconditioning approach for noncontinuous testing is demonstrated that employs a defined number of pulses to prebias the GaN eHEMT device, thereby causing measurement edges that resemble those of continuous-mode switching.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"6 ","pages":"295-306"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10999099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, we introduce a rapid and accurate method for scaling permanent magnet synchronous machines using flux linkage and loss maps. The method enables the design and comprehensive characterization of scaled machines to meet new specifications for peak torque, power, maximum operating speed, voltage, and current requirements without the need for finite-element simulations. The efficiency map of the scaled machine can be computed with negligible computational effort. The analysis encompasses the scaling of the liquid cooling jacket setup and evaluates the continuous stall torque of the final machine. Furthermore, the method addresses scaling rules for demagnetization current limits, peak short-circuit currents and uncontrolled generator voltages, allowing the evaluation of the safest shut-down strategy against the different fault scenarios. The use of the stack length versus number of turns selection plane facilitates the visualization of the key performance figures and the minimization of the stack length while adhering to inverter voltage and current constraints. Overall, this scaling method offers a streamlined approach to the preliminary design of e-motors and facilitates system-level optimization studies. The method is showcased by scaling the e-motor of the BMW i3 to meet the specifications of the moto-generator 2 of the 4th generation Toyota Prius.
{"title":"Rapid Magnetic, Thermal, and Structural Scaling of Synchronous Machines Based on Flux and Loss Maps","authors":"Simone Ferrari;Gaetano Dilevrano;Paolo Ragazzo;Gianmario Pellegrino;Timothy Burress","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2025.3545475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2025.3545475","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we introduce a rapid and accurate method for scaling permanent magnet synchronous machines using flux linkage and loss maps. The method enables the design and comprehensive characterization of scaled machines to meet new specifications for peak torque, power, maximum operating speed, voltage, and current requirements without the need for finite-element simulations. The efficiency map of the scaled machine can be computed with negligible computational effort. The analysis encompasses the scaling of the liquid cooling jacket setup and evaluates the continuous stall torque of the final machine. Furthermore, the method addresses scaling rules for demagnetization current limits, peak short-circuit currents and uncontrolled generator voltages, allowing the evaluation of the safest shut-down strategy against the different fault scenarios. The use of the stack length versus number of turns selection plane facilitates the visualization of the key performance figures and the minimization of the stack length while adhering to inverter voltage and current constraints. Overall, this scaling method offers a streamlined approach to the preliminary design of e-motors and facilitates system-level optimization studies. The method is showcased by scaling the e-motor of the BMW i3 to meet the specifications of the moto-generator 2 of the 4th generation Toyota Prius.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"6 ","pages":"137-147"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10902191","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143645347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-13DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2025.3541720
Hossein Gholizadeh;Mojtaba Hajihosseini;Saman A. Gorji
This article introduces a family of nonisolated dc–dc converters designed to amplify lower dc voltages to higher levels. These converters are particularly suitable for use in the dc link of pulse converters in hydrogen electrolyzers. The primary structure serves as a base for additional configurations with greater voltage amplification and reduced component stress. Two supplementary categories are examined based on the main structure, offering improved functionalities, and decreased pressures. The proposed topologies' specific parameters are evaluated in both ideal and nonideal operating scenarios. In addition, thorough comparisons are made among the converters from various perspectives. These topologies feature a single switch and minimal voltage stress, which provides a significant advantage in high-voltage scenarios by limiting the number of switches and their associated stresses. This study achieves a notable increase in voltage amplification without relying on high-frequency transformers, resulting in increased power density and reduced volume and mass. To validate the proposed designs, experimental findings are provided and compared with theoretical predictions.
{"title":"A Family of Transformerless Boost Converters for Pulsed Electrolysis","authors":"Hossein Gholizadeh;Mojtaba Hajihosseini;Saman A. Gorji","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2025.3541720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2025.3541720","url":null,"abstract":"This article introduces a family of nonisolated dc–dc converters designed to amplify lower dc voltages to higher levels. These converters are particularly suitable for use in the dc link of pulse converters in hydrogen electrolyzers. The primary structure serves as a base for additional configurations with greater voltage amplification and reduced component stress. Two supplementary categories are examined based on the main structure, offering improved functionalities, and decreased pressures. The proposed topologies' specific parameters are evaluated in both ideal and nonideal operating scenarios. In addition, thorough comparisons are made among the converters from various perspectives. These topologies feature a single switch and minimal voltage stress, which provides a significant advantage in high-voltage scenarios by limiting the number of switches and their associated stresses. This study achieves a notable increase in voltage amplification without relying on high-frequency transformers, resulting in increased power density and reduced volume and mass. To validate the proposed designs, experimental findings are provided and compared with theoretical predictions.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"6 ","pages":"120-136"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10884882","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-17DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2025.3531227
Mauro Di Nardo;Gianvito Gallicchio;Francesco Cupertino;Marco Palmieri;Mohammad Reza Ilkhani;Michele Degano;Chris Gerada
This article presents a comprehensive comparison of high-speed synchronous machines, encompassing synchronous reluctance, its permanent magnet variant, and surface permanent magnet synchronous motors. The evaluation of their maximum performance capabilities employs a hybrid analytical-finite element design procedure able to address electromagnetic, thermal, and structural requirements simultaneously. Indeed, the adopted design methodology takes into account all the machines nonlinearities, while also including the limitations introduced by the iron ribs of the reluctance machine, retaining sleeve of the surface permanent magnet machine and increasing iron losses. The aim of the outlined design exercise is to evaluate the effect of different design specifications on the maximum achievable performance of the three machine topologies. A wide range of maximum design speeds, airgap thicknesses, and cooling system capabilities has been assessed showing when and why one motor type outperforms the others. The cooling system capability increment required by the reluctance-based machines to achieve the performance of the surface permanent magnet one has been systematically quantified. The design assumptions have been verified by a thermal analysis supporting the final machine selection. Three different machines designed with a maximum speed of 80 kr/min have been prototyped and tested on an instrumented test rig, validating all the design considerations.
{"title":"High Speed Synchronous Machines: Technologies and Limits","authors":"Mauro Di Nardo;Gianvito Gallicchio;Francesco Cupertino;Marco Palmieri;Mohammad Reza Ilkhani;Michele Degano;Chris Gerada","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2025.3531227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2025.3531227","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a comprehensive comparison of high-speed synchronous machines, encompassing synchronous reluctance, its permanent magnet variant, and surface permanent magnet synchronous motors. The evaluation of their maximum performance capabilities employs a hybrid analytical-finite element design procedure able to address electromagnetic, thermal, and structural requirements simultaneously. Indeed, the adopted design methodology takes into account all the machines nonlinearities, while also including the limitations introduced by the iron ribs of the reluctance machine, retaining sleeve of the surface permanent magnet machine and increasing iron losses. The aim of the outlined design exercise is to evaluate the effect of different design specifications on the maximum achievable performance of the three machine topologies. A wide range of maximum design speeds, airgap thicknesses, and cooling system capabilities has been assessed showing when and why one motor type outperforms the others. The cooling system capability increment required by the reluctance-based machines to achieve the performance of the surface permanent magnet one has been systematically quantified. The design assumptions have been verified by a thermal analysis supporting the final machine selection. Three different machines designed with a maximum speed of 80 kr/min have been prototyped and tested on an instrumented test rig, validating all the design considerations.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"6 ","pages":"93-106"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10844533","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143446338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：