Journal of Alloys and Metallurgical Systems最新文献_第7页

Effect of alloying (V, Fe, Ge) additions on microstructural evolution in Ti-6Al-4V-based alloys after hot rolling and annealing 合金（V, Fe, Ge）添加量对ti - 6al - 4v基合金热轧退火后组织演变的影响

Journal of Alloys and Metallurgical Systems

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalmes.2025.100176

K.N. Chaithanya Kumar , K.S. Suresh

Ti-6Al-4V is the most widely used titanium alloy due to its ability to achieve balanced mechanical properties through microstructural modification via thermomechanical processing. Alloying elements in Ti-6Al-4V play critical roles in stabilizing the β-phase and influencing deformation-induced phase transformations. This study investigates the effects of V, Fe, and Ge additions on the microstructure and phase stability of Ti-6Al-4V under subjected to hot rolling and annealing at different temperatures. Alloys with nominal compositions Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6Al-5V, Ti-6Al-5V-1Fe, and Ti-6Al-5V-1Fe-2Ge (in wt%) were synthesized via vacuum arc melting and subjected to hot rolling and annealing at sub-transus temperatures. XRD and EBSD analyses revealed significant modifications in the morphology, phase distribution, and phase fractions of α and β phases, with β-phase content increasing with alloying additions. Hot rolling promoted deformation-induced dynamic transformation of α to β phase, except in the Ge-containing alloy, which demonstrated its role as a suppressor of dynamic transformation. Fe and Ge additions reduced β-phase fragmentation during hot rolling, while annealing facilitates static recovery, recrystallization and phase stability. Ge acts as a neutral stabilizer in Ti alloys, reduces the transformation temperature and suppresses the transformation dynamics. A strong variant selection was observed in the transformed β region of Ge-added samples, influencing microstructural evolution. This study demonstrates the influence of alloying elements on hot deformation, elemental distributions, phase transformations, and equilibrium phase fractions, providing insights into tailoring microstructures of Ti-6Al-4V through thermomechanical processing.

Ti-6Al-4V是应用最广泛的钛合金，因为它能够通过热加工的显微组织改性来达到平衡的力学性能。Ti-6Al-4V合金元素在稳定β相和影响变形相变中起关键作用。研究了在不同温度下，添加V、Fe和Ge对Ti-6Al-4V热轧退火组织和相稳定性的影响。采用真空电弧熔炼法合成了标称成分为Ti-6Al-4V、Ti-6Al-5V、Ti-6Al-5V- 1fe - 2ge （wt%）的合金，并在亚横轴温度下进行热轧和退火。XRD和EBSD分析表明，随着合金的添加，α和β相的形貌、相分布和相分数发生了显著变化，β相含量增加。除含锗合金外，热轧促进了变形诱导的α相向β相的动态转变，表现出热轧对动态转变的抑制作用。Fe和Ge的加入减少了热轧过程中β相的破碎，而退火有利于静态恢复、再结晶和相稳定性。锗在钛合金中起中性稳定剂的作用，降低了相变温度，抑制了相变动力学。在添加ge的样品的转化β区观察到强烈的变异选择，影响了微观结构的演变。本研究展示了合金元素对Ti-6Al-4V合金热变形、元素分布、相变和平衡相分数的影响，为通过热处理定制Ti-6Al-4V合金的显微组织提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of medium polyurethane coating on mechanical, wear, and corrosion performance of a galvanised steel sheet 中等聚氨酯涂层对镀锌钢板机械、磨损和腐蚀性能的影响

Journal of Alloys and Metallurgical Systems

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalmes.2025.100174

Sneha Roy, Swarup Kumar Ghosh

Colour-coated steel, also known as pre-coated steel or pre-painted steel, has become a material of choice across diverse industries due to its aesthetic allure and practical advantages. The present study delves into the coated low-carbon (∼ 0.04 wt%) steel's mechanical properties, abrasive wear behaviour, and electrochemical corrosion resistance. The excellent combination of tensile properties (340 MPa YS, 347 MPa UTS and 33 % total elongation) ensures structural integrity and load-bearing capacity. The robust polyurethane (PU) coating demonstrates good abrasion resistance through its lower Taber wear index (0.022). Nano-scratch tests further reinforce the coating's ability to withstand frictional forces, with minimal signs of observed wear. The results of electrochemical corrosion indicate that the coating provides exceptional protection against deterioration, even in harsh environments with 5 % NaCl solution for 600 h. Both OCP and Tafel plots illustrate lower corrosion rates in PU-coated steels owing to lower potential and inhibited reactions. The I_corr of the coated steel was 265 µA/cm², which is substantially lower than that of the uncoated steel of 1864 µA, indicating much lesser corrosion. The more positive E_corr (-637 mV) value for the coated steel also denotes better corrosion resistance coupled with robustness. Nyquist plots validate higher charge transfer resistance, which portrays the coating as a strong impediment against chloride. This significantly increases the lifespan of coated steel under extreme conditions. The corrosion tests confirmed long-term durability, with negligible rust or coating degradation signs. Hence, colour-coated steel emerges as a true champion, combining good mechanical properties, wear resistance, and corrosion protection.

彩涂钢，也被称为预涂钢或预涂钢，由于其美学吸引力和实用优势，已成为各种行业的首选材料。目前的研究深入研究了涂层低碳（~ 0.04 wt%）钢的机械性能、磨料磨损性能和电化学耐腐蚀性。优异的拉伸性能组合（340 MPa YS， 347 MPa UTS和33 %的总伸长率）确保了结构的完整性和承载能力。聚氨酯（PU）涂层具有较低的Taber磨损指数（0.022），具有良好的耐磨性。纳米划痕测试进一步增强了涂层承受摩擦力的能力，同时观察到的磨损迹象最小。电化学腐蚀结果表明，即使在5 % NaCl溶液600 h的恶劣环境中，涂层也能提供出色的防腐蚀保护。OCP和Tafel图都表明，由于电位较低和反应抑制，pu涂层钢的腐蚀速率较低。涂层钢的Icorr为265 µA/cm2，明显低于未涂层钢的1864µA，表明其腐蚀程度较低。涂层钢的Ecorr值越高（-637 mV），也表明涂层钢的耐腐蚀性越好，同时具有鲁棒性。奈奎斯特图验证了更高的电荷转移电阻，这表明涂层对氯化物具有很强的阻碍作用。这大大增加了涂层钢在极端条件下的使用寿命。腐蚀测试证实了长期耐用性，几乎没有生锈或涂层退化的迹象。因此，结合良好的机械性能、耐磨性和防腐蚀性能，彩色涂层钢成为真正的冠军。

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引用次数: 0

Surface characteristics optimization and investigation of dual-channel micro electrical discharge drilling on IN617 super alloy IN617高温合金双通道微放电钻孔表面特性优化及研究

Journal of Alloys and Metallurgical Systems

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalmes.2025.100172

Anish Nair , Wojciech Bizoń , Sebastian Skoczypiec , Rafal Bogucki , L. Selvarajan

This article details the experimental investigation on surface roughness, spatter area and white layer thickness in micro electrical discharge machining of IN617 alloy. The alloy here is a high hardness superalloy preferred to be machined by non-conventional techniques. Here we present the micromachining behaviour of the alloy. Micro electrical discharge machining is conducted using a dual channel copper electrode and the surface characteristics are observed. Other than the traditional input factors, retraction duration of the electrode is also focussed here. White layer characteristics at different heights of the drilled hole are measured and characterized. Intensive microscopic images have been presented to detail the behaviour of the process. The behaviour of individual responses towards the various input factors has been illustrated. A multiobjective optimization model is also developed to extract the best parametric combinations at which optimal surface characteristics can be obtained.The major factor affecting the spatter area and white layer thickness is Pulse on time. The increase in pulse on time creates a high frequency of sparks which leads to rapid metal erosion at the vicinity of the electrode. In the case of surface roughness, the current was observed as the most dominant factor which corresponds to earlier studies on similar processes. Detailed microstructural analysis depicting heat affected zone, white layer thickness and surface deformities have been reported to understand the mechanism of the process.

本文详细介绍了微放电加工 IN617 合金时表面粗糙度、飞溅面积和白层厚度的实验研究。该合金是一种高硬度超级合金，适合采用非常规技术进行加工。我们在此介绍该合金的微加工性能。我们使用双通道铜电极进行微放电加工，并观察其表面特征。除了传统的输入因素外，电极的回缩时间也是重点。对钻孔不同高度的白层特征进行了测量和表征。此外，还提供了大量显微图像，以详细说明加工过程的行为。还说明了对各种输入因素的个别反应行为。此外，还开发了一个多目标优化模型，以提取可获得最佳表面特征的最佳参数组合。脉冲接通时间的增加会产生高频率的火花，从而导致电极附近的金属快速侵蚀。在表面粗糙度方面，观察到电流是最主要的因素，这与之前对类似工艺的研究一致。详细的微观结构分析描绘了热影响区、白层厚度和表面变形，以了解该过程的机理。

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引用次数: 0

Prediction of mechanical properties and defect detection in a TIG cladded SS 316 L by machine learning techniques 用机器学习技术预测TIG涂层SS 316 L的力学性能和缺陷检测

Journal of Alloys and Metallurgical Systems

Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalmes.2025.100167

Shanmuga Vadivu K R , Varun Kumar A , Sathickbasha K

Machine learning techniques are being widely adopted across the globe for their reliability and flexibility when compared with other traditional methods. However, the selection of suitable machine learning techniques has a major role in a process for the prediction of optimal process parameters. In this study, we have adopted two different machine learning techniques Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Unified Convolutional Neural Network (UCNN) for the identification of optimal process parameters for the SS 316 L base alloy cladded with Er-NiCr-3 filler by Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) cladding process. The ANFIS methodology will develop a model with a range of process parameters that can be used to determine the theoretical values, whereas the UCNN uses images for the identification of any defect in the samples the images are broken as different pixels based on the algorithms employed. Here, we have correlated the machine learning outputs with the actual experimental values (microhardness and tensile values are considered for the correlation). Whereas, for the UCNN technique we have procured the grain structures of the cladded samples. It is inferred from the comparison that the machine learning technique had shown sound and reliable outputs with an error percentage (≈ 0.1–2.0 %) in line with the actual data. Therefore from the study, it is revealed that the adoption of machine learning techniques can be utilized wisely for a process in the prediction of optimal process parameters in a flexible manner when compared with the other traditional optimization techniques.

与其他传统方法相比，机器学习技术具有可靠性和灵活性，因此在全球范围内被广泛采用。然而，选择合适的机器学习技术在预测最佳工艺参数的过程中起着重要作用。在本研究中，我们采用了两种不同的机器学习技术：自适应神经模糊推理系统（ANFIS）和统一卷积神经网络（UCNN），用于识别通过钨惰性气体（TIG）熔覆工艺熔覆 Er-NiCr-3 填充物的 SS 316 L 基合金的最佳工艺参数。ANFIS 方法将建立一个包含一系列工艺参数的模型，可用于确定理论值，而 UCNN 则使用图像来识别样品中的任何缺陷，根据所采用的算法，图像被分割为不同的像素。在这里，我们将机器学习的输出结果与实际实验值（显微硬度和拉伸值）进行了关联。而在 UCNN 技术中，我们获得了粘合样品的晶粒结构。从比较中可以推断出，机器学习技术的输出结果可靠，误差率（≈ 0.1-2.0%）与实际数据相符。因此，研究表明，与其他传统优化技术相比，采用机器学习技术可以灵活地预测最佳工艺参数。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation on high Mn austenitic lightweight steels weldability via GTAW overlay welding and butt-welding operations 高锰奥氏体轻钢GTAW堆焊与对接焊可焊性研究

Journal of Alloys and Metallurgical Systems

Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalmes.2025.100169

Giacomo Villa, Silvia Barella, Davide Mombelli, Andrea Gruttadauria, Carlo Mapelli, Shaad Ahmad

Lightweight steels are currently under development for potential applications in the transportation sector. These alloys are characterized by high manganese (Mn) and aluminium (Al) content, exceptional mechanical properties (yield strength up to 800 MPa and elongation at break up to 55 %), and reduced density (approximately 16 % lower than conventional stainless steel). Due to the demands of the application sector, a thorough assessment of the alloy’s weldability is crucial. The high concentration of chemical elements in these steels leads to critical phenomena, notably Mn evaporation and κ-carbide precipitation, both of which can significantly influence the microstructure. Mn evaporation may result in an inhomogeneous chemical composition, leading to variations in microstructure and mechanical properties. κ-carbide precipitation, while typically utilized as a strengthening mechanism, may cause an undesirable reduction in ductility. A lightweight austenitic steel alloy with high Mn content was evaluated using Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) under various configurations and material conditions. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints were analysed. Sound welded joints free from porosity and hot cracking were achieved. In the fusion zone, a duplex structure with dendritic morphology was observed, while the heat-affected zone (HAZ) exhibited coarse grains. The fusion zone demonstrated low hardness values, and no hardness peaks associated with κ-carbides were detected in the HAZ. Despite similarities in microstructure and welding parameters, mechanical testing revealed that direct current (DC) samples exhibited superior ductility compared to alternating current (AC) samples.

轻钢目前正在开发中，用于运输部门的潜在应用。这些合金的特点是高锰（Mn）和铝（Al）含量，卓越的机械性能（屈服强度高达800 MPa，断裂伸长率高达55 %）和降低的密度（比传统不锈钢低约16 %）。由于应用领域的需求，对合金的可焊性进行全面评估至关重要。这些钢中高浓度的化学元素导致了关键现象，特别是Mn蒸发和κ-碳化物析出，这两种现象都对显微组织有显著影响。锰的蒸发可能导致化学成分不均匀，导致微观结构和机械性能的变化。碳化物析出虽然通常被用作强化机制，但可能会导致塑性的不良降低。采用钨极气体保护焊（GTAW）技术，在不同结构和材料条件下制备了一种轻质高锰奥氏体钢合金。分析了焊接接头的显微组织和力学性能。焊接接头良好，无气孔和热裂。在熔合区，观察到具有枝晶形态的双相组织，而热影响区（HAZ）表现为粗晶粒。熔合区硬度值较低，热影响区未检测到与κ-碳化物相关的硬度峰。尽管微观结构和焊接参数相似，但力学测试表明，与交流（AC）样品相比，直流（DC）样品具有更好的延展性。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of crystal structure and tensile properties at the micro level of friction stir weld developed with n-MQL 用n-MQL开发的搅拌摩擦焊缝的晶体结构和微观拉伸性能评价

Journal of Alloys and Metallurgical Systems

Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalmes.2025.100168

Mystica A , Senthil Kumar VS

Friction stir welding of AA2014 alloy requires cooling techniques to prevent premature weld failure by carrying away the excess heat. In this study, minimum quantity lubrication technique is explored for the first time with graphene nanofluid. This study aims to develop instant grain refinement and reprecipitation. FSW is performed at the optimized parameters i.e., 1200 rpm and 72 mm/min. The retention of precipitates in HAZ and entanglement of dislocations in NZ are obtained through the instant quenching action of n-MQL. The evolution of microstructure and precipitation in the developed weld zones are studied using TEM. The microscopic results also present the developed substructures such as subgrains, cell wall, orowan loops etc. Crystal structure in the nugget zone is analysed using Rietveld refinement method. The results reveal a 100 % match with Al_0.99Cu_0.01. The crystallite size in nanometers and the microstrain are deduced using Scherrer method and W-H plot. The local tensile properties of each weld zone are analysed in detail using flat microtensile test. The weld center with recrystallized grains exhibits the lowest ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and % elongation. The current study presents the influence of dynamic recovery and recrystallisation on the local tensile properties of the weld.

AA2014合金的搅拌摩擦焊需要冷却技术，通过带走多余的热量来防止焊缝过早失效。本研究首次探索了石墨烯纳米流体的最小量润滑技术。本研究旨在开发即时晶粒细化和再沉淀。FSW在优化的参数下进行，即1200 rpm和72 mm/min。通过n-MQL的瞬时淬火作用，得到了HAZ中沉淀的保留和NZ中位错的纠缠。利用透射电镜对焊缝发达区组织演变及析出进行了研究。显微结果还显示出发育的亚粒、细胞壁、欧罗氏环等亚结构。采用Rietveld精化法对熔核区晶体结构进行了分析。结果显示，与Al0.99Cu0.01的匹配度为100 %。利用Scherrer法和W-H图，推导出晶体的纳米尺寸和微应变。采用平板微拉伸试验对各焊缝区域的局部拉伸性能进行了详细分析。焊缝中心有再结晶晶粒，其极限抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率最低。本文研究了动态恢复和再结晶对焊缝局部拉伸性能的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Artificial neural network-based prediction of complete forming limit curves for steel in sheet metal forming 基于人工神经网络的钢板成形极限曲线预测

Journal of Alloys and Metallurgical Systems

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalmes.2025.100166

Shivesh Kumar Sharan , Surajit Kumar Paul , Jyoti Kumari , Arijit Mondal

Forming Limit Curve (FLC) is crucial for predicting material formability and preventing defects in the sheet metal forming industry. Traditionally, FLCs are determined through Nakajima and Marciniak tests, which assess the material's response to various strain paths until the initiation of localized necking. However, these methods can be costly, time-consuming, and sensitive to factors like friction. Alternative approaches have been developed to address these challenges, including theoretical models and empirical methods based on tensile test data. This study investigates the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to model FLCs, with the goal of improving prediction accuracy and efficiency. Input data for the ANN models were derived from tensile tests, incorporating parameters such as yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, uniform elongation, total elongation, normal anisotropy coefficient, and strain hardening exponent. The ANN models were trained to predict both FLC₀ and the complete FLC, and their outputs were compared with experimentally measured FLCs from Nakajima tests and empirical formulas from the literature. The results indicate that ANN techniques have significant potential to enhance the reliability and efficiency of FLC prediction.

成形极限曲线（FLC）对于预测材料的成形性和防止板材成形工业中的缺陷至关重要。传统上，FLC 是通过 Nakajima 和 Marciniak 试验确定的，这些试验评估材料对各种应变路径的反应，直到局部缩颈开始。然而，这些方法成本高、耗时长，而且对摩擦等因素很敏感。为了应对这些挑战，人们开发了其他方法，包括基于拉伸试验数据的理论模型和经验方法。本研究调查了人工神经网络（ANN）在 FLC 建模中的应用，目的是提高预测精度和效率。人工神经网络模型的输入数据来自拉伸试验，包括屈服强度、极限拉伸强度、均匀伸长率、总伸长率、法向各向异性系数和应变硬化指数等参数。对 ANN 模型进行了训练，以预测 FLC₀和完整 FLC，并将其输出结果与中岛试验的实验测量 FLC 和文献中的经验公式进行了比较。结果表明，ANN 技术在提高 FLC 预测的可靠性和效率方面具有巨大潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Development and study of mechanical and wear behaviour of LM-4 alloy reinforced with TiC particles metal matrix composites by two-stage stir casting process TiC颗粒金属基复合材料增强LM-4合金的两段搅拌铸造力学磨损性能研究

Journal of Alloys and Metallurgical Systems

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalmes.2025.100160

T.H. Lakshminarayana, M. Sreenivasa Reddy, J. Kumaraswamy

The formation and characterisation of titanium carbide (TiC) particle-reinforced LM-4 alloy composites made using a two-stage stir casting process are the main objectives of this work. TiC particles were added in different weight percentages (0 %, 3 %, 6 %, 9 %, and 12 %) to assess how they affected the mechanical and tribological characteristics of the composites. Density, porosity, yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, and hardness are important areas of study. Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used to analyse fractured surfaces. At a fixed sliding distance of 1000 m, wear behaviour was evaluated under various loading scenarios (20, 30, and 40 N) and rotating speeds (200, 300, and 400 rpm). Additionally, to investigate wear mechanisms and evaluate the wear rate across the various TiC reinforcement levels, a SEM investigation of the worn surfaces was conducted. The findings demonstrate the promise of LM-4 alloy composites for advanced engineering applications by shedding light on how TiC reinforcement affects the microstructure, mechanical characteristics, and wear performance of these materials.

采用两段搅拌铸造工艺制备碳化钛（TiC）颗粒增强LM-4合金复合材料的形成和表征是本工作的主要目的。以不同重量百分比（0 %,3 %,6 %，9 %和12 %）加入TiC颗粒，以评估它们对复合材料力学和摩擦学特性的影响。密度，孔隙率，屈服强度，抗拉强度，伸长率和硬度是重要的研究领域。利用能量色散光谱（EDS）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对断裂表面进行分析。在1000 m的固定滑动距离下，在不同的加载场景（20、30和40 N）和转速（200、300和400 rpm）下评估磨损行为。此外，为了研究磨损机制并评估不同TiC增强水平的磨损率，对磨损表面进行了扫描电镜研究。通过揭示TiC增强如何影响这些材料的微观结构、机械特性和磨损性能，这些发现表明了LM-4合金复合材料在先进工程应用中的前景。

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引用次数: 0

The Laves phase formation in rapidly quenched Zr-Al-Ni-Co-Cu high-entropy alloy 快速淬火Zr-Al-Ni-Co-Cu高熵合金中Laves相的形成

Journal of Alloys and Metallurgical Systems

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalmes.2025.100165

B.A. Rusanov , E.V. Sterkhov , A.I. Rusanova , D.K. Simonov

Multicomponent alloys containing aluminum and transition metals, including high-entropy alloys, are actively investigated in recent years. Rapid quenching of melt to obtain metastable or amorphous phases is a promising way to obtain new strength and corrosion resistance high-entropy materials. In present work, the effect of rapid quenching on the phase formation process of high entropy Zr-Al-Ni-Co-Cu alloy is investigated. Samples of Zr₄₀Al₂₀Ni₅Co₁₅Cu₂₀ alloy were produced by the conventional arc-melting process under protective argon atmosphere. Ingots of the alloy were used to obtain rapidly quenched samples in the form of cylindrical rods with a diameter of 3 mm by vacuum suction casting into copper mold. Structure of ingots and rods was investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, their heating behavior was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. It is shown that the basis of the rapidly quenched alloy is the Laves phase ZrCoAl, the solid solution Cu_0.6ZrCo_0.4 and the ZrNiAl phase. Exothermic reaction in rapidly quenched sample is found to occur at 960–980 K. Activation energy of the detected reaction is calculated by the Kissinger method. It is established that rapid quenching of Zr₄₀Al₂₀Ni₅Co₁₅Cu₂₀ high-entropy alloy leads to significant refinement of Laves phase grains, increase of stability and volume fraction of solid solution. The obtained results can be used for further practical application of rapidly quenched high-entropy alloys.

含铝和过渡金属的多组分合金，包括高熵合金，近年来得到了积极的研究。熔体快速淬火以获得亚稳或非晶相是获得新型强度和耐腐蚀高熵材料的一种很有前途的方法。本文研究了快速淬火对高熵Zr-Al-Ni-Co-Cu合金相形成过程的影响。在保护氩气氛下，采用常规电弧熔解法制备了Zr40Al20Ni5Co15Cu20合金样品。利用该合金的铸锭，通过真空吸铸得到直径为3 mm的圆柱形棒状快速淬火试样。用x射线衍射和扫描电镜研究了锭和棒的组织，用差示扫描量热法研究了它们的加热行为。结果表明，快速淬火合金的基体为Laves相ZrCoAl、固溶体Cu0.6ZrCo0.4和ZrNiAl相。快速淬火试样在960-980 K时发生放热反应。用Kissinger法计算被测反应的活化能。结果表明，Zr40Al20Ni5Co15Cu20高熵合金快速淬火后，Laves相晶粒细化明显，固溶体体积分数和稳定性提高。所得结果可为快速淬火高熵合金的进一步实际应用提供参考。

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引用次数: 0

The influence of Al content and heat treatment on the microstructure and properties of austenite-ferrite duplex Fe-Mn-Al-C lightweight steels Al含量和热处理对奥氏体-铁素体双相Fe-Mn-Al-C轻钢组织和性能的影响

Journal of Alloys and Metallurgical Systems

Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalmes.2025.100162

Rui Bai, Yunfei Du, Yaqin Zhang, Xiuli He

In this study, the influence of Al content (9 wt% and 12 wt%) on the microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and deformation behavior of austenite-based Fe-Mn-Al-C lightweight steels were investigated. The Steel with 9 % Al content displayed a dual-phase structure with austenite and less than 5 % ferrite, while the Steel with 12 % Al content contained approximately 23 % ferrite and nanoscale κ-carbide precipitates, influenced by the Al content. Following aging treatment at 600 °C, both steels experienced notable microstructural changes. Coarse carbides, B2, D0₃, and β-Mn precipitates, appeared during the aging, leading to the deterioration of mechanical properties. The aging treatment improved strength but decreased ductility for both steels, with extended aging leading to deterioration attributed to coarse precipitate formation. Both steels demonstrated effective strain hardening behavior. The aging treatment on the steels significantly impacted the fracture morphologies. The investigation of deformation mechanisms reveals distinct behaviors under low strain conditions. The steels demonstrated a unique staggered dislocation structure and exceptional uniform elongation due to decreasing slip plane spacing. The strength was enhanced by interactions among dislocation arrangements within distinct domain boundaries.

本文研究了Al含量（9 wt%和12 wt%）对奥氏体基Fe-Mn-Al-C轻钢组织演变、力学性能和变形行为的影响。Al含量为9 %的钢表现为奥氏体和低于5 %的铁素体的双相组织，而Al含量为12 %的钢则含有约23 %的铁素体和纳米级的κ碳化物析出，这受Al含量的影响。在600℃时效处理后，两种钢都发生了显著的显微组织变化。时效过程中出现了粗碳化物、B2、D03和β-Mn析出，导致力学性能恶化。时效处理提高了两种钢的强度，但降低了延展性，延长时效导致劣化，这是由于粗沉淀的形成。两种钢均表现出有效的应变硬化行为。时效处理对断口形貌有显著影响。变形机制的研究揭示了在低应变条件下的不同行为。由于滑移面间距的减小，钢表现出独特的交错位错结构和优异的均匀伸长率。在不同的畴边界内，位错排列之间的相互作用增强了强度。

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