Nano Trends最新文献_第7页

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and their therapeutic potential as anti-infectious agents 外膜囊泡（omv）及其作为抗感染药物的治疗潜力

Nano Trends

Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwnano.2025.100129

Mariana Ottaiano Gonçalves , Paula Maria Pincela Lins , Giulia Kassab , Vanderlei Bagnato , Valtencir Zucolotto

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) derived from Gram-negative bacteria have emerged as promising therapeutic agents for combating infectious diseases. These small, spherical structures carry diverse cargo molecules, including virulence factors, antigens, and immunomodulatory molecules. OMVs derived from pathogenic bacteria can be engineered to deliver antimicrobial peptides, antibiotics, or specific antigens, eliciting targeted immune responses against bacterial pathogens. Similarly, OMVs can deliver viral antigens, facilitating immune recognition and clearance of viral infections. Furthermore, OMVs can be engineered to encapsulate antifungal agents or fungal antigens, enabling targeted delivery and immune activation against fungal pathogens. The cargo-carrying capacity and immunostimulatory properties of OMVs make them valuable tools for developing effective treatments against infectious diseases. This review also discusses the challenges and future directions in applying OMVs as therapeutic agents, highlighting the need for further research and development to harness their full potential in clinical applications. Overall, OMVs represent a promising avenue for developing novel therapeutic strategies against infectious diseases, offering targeted and immunomodulatory strategies for combating bacterial, viral, and fungal infections.

革兰氏阴性菌外膜囊泡（OMVs）已成为一种有前景的治疗传染病的药物。这些小的球形结构携带不同的货物分子，包括毒力因子、抗原和免疫调节分子。来自致病菌的omv可以被改造成递送抗菌肽、抗生素或特定抗原，引发针对细菌病原体的靶向免疫反应。同样，omv可以传递病毒抗原，促进免疫识别和清除病毒感染。此外，omv可以被设计成包封抗真菌药物或真菌抗原，从而实现针对真菌病原体的靶向递送和免疫激活。omv的载货能力和免疫刺激特性使其成为开发有效治疗传染病的宝贵工具。本文还讨论了omv作为治疗药物的挑战和未来发展方向，强调需要进一步研究和开发，以充分发挥其在临床应用中的潜力。总体而言，omv代表了开发针对传染病的新治疗策略的有希望的途径，为对抗细菌，病毒和真菌感染提供了靶向和免疫调节策略。

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引用次数: 0

Nanoparticles engineering strategies for lymph-node targeted cancer immunotherapy 淋巴结靶向肿瘤免疫治疗的纳米颗粒工程策略

Nano Trends

Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwnano.2025.100128

Hitesh Harsukhbhai Chandpa , Anuradha Gupta , Shovan Naskar , Jairam Meena

Recent advancements in understanding the immune system's role in cancer have shifted focus towards immunomodulatory drugs targeting specific immune cells. Lymph nodes (LNs), as key sites for immune response initiation, present a promising target for cancer immunotherapy. This review explores the use of nanotechnology to achieve lymph node-targeted delivery of immunotherapeutics. Various biomaterial-based delivery systems including polymeric nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, lipid-based, peptide/RNA-based, and virus-based systems, have been discussed to enhance the effectiveness and safety profile of cancer immunotherapy. The review also delves into the lymphatic architecture, barriers for nanoparticle delivery and strategies for targeting lymph nodes to improve antigen cross-presentation and adaptive immune responses.

在了解免疫系统在癌症中的作用方面，最近的进展已将重点转移到针对特定免疫细胞的免疫调节药物上。淋巴结作为免疫应答起始的关键部位，是肿瘤免疫治疗的重要靶点。这篇综述探讨了利用纳米技术实现免疫疗法的淋巴结靶向递送。各种基于生物材料的递送系统，包括聚合纳米颗粒、无机纳米颗粒、基于脂质、基于肽/ rna和基于病毒的系统，已经被讨论以提高癌症免疫治疗的有效性和安全性。本文还深入探讨了淋巴结构、纳米颗粒递送的障碍以及靶向淋巴结以改善抗原交叉呈递和适应性免疫反应的策略。

引用次数: 0

Nanomaterials for biomedical applications: Addressing regulatory hurdles and strategic solutions 生物医学应用的纳米材料：解决监管障碍和战略解决方案

Nano Trends

Pub Date : 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwnano.2025.100127

Sunil Gujjar , Samiksha Kukal , Prakash Jayabal , Neha Balaji , Saloni Sainger , Srabaita Roy , Suneel Rallapalli , Ravikiran Mahadevappa , Shilpi Minocha , Saran Kumar , Santosh Mathapati

Nanotechnology has revolutionized modern healthcare by providing innovative solutions for the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of various medical conditions. The unique biological, chemical, and mechanical attributes of nanomaterials have favoured their use for various medical applications, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, implantable devices, bio-molecular detection, and diagnostics. However, potential risks associated with nanomaterial usage on health and environment raised concerns regarding their safety and regulatory oversight. Focusing exclusively on nanomaterial design with less attention towards nano-bio interaction has become a significant bottleneck to their clinical translation. This review aims to provide a concise overview of the characteristics of nanomaterials which find exciting applications in biological and biomedical fields. More importantly, we put forth the current regulation status of these advanced materials, highlighting the potential challenges and uncertainties in the regulatory assessment, and discussing potential strategies for effective regulation. A robust regulatory framework will allow a smooth clinical translation of such materials without compromising patient safety.

纳米技术通过为各种医疗状况的诊断、治疗和监测提供创新的解决方案，彻底改变了现代医疗保健。纳米材料独特的生物、化学和机械特性使其在各种医疗应用中具有优势，包括药物输送、组织工程、植入式装置、生物分子检测和诊断。然而，纳米材料使用对健康和环境的潜在风险引起了人们对其安全性和监管监督的关注。仅关注纳米材料的设计而忽视纳米生物相互作用已成为其临床应用的重要瓶颈。本文综述了纳米材料在生物和生物医学领域的应用。更重要的是，我们提出了这些先进材料的监管现状，突出了监管评估中潜在的挑战和不确定性，并讨论了有效监管的潜在策略。一个健全的监管框架将允许这些材料在不影响患者安全的情况下进行顺利的临床翻译。

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引用次数: 0

Nanoparticle-encapsulated metal-organic frameworks: innovative design strategies and biomedical applications 纳米粒子封装金属有机框架：创新设计策略和生物医学应用

Nano Trends

Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwnano.2025.100125

Pranita Rananaware , Parimal Pandit , Mahesh Narayan , Varsha Brahmkhatri

Extremely porous compounds containing metal ions connected by organic ligands are referred to as metal-organic frameworks or MOFs, with special features including distinct crystal structure, huge surface area, high pore volume, adjustable pore architecture, and remarkable drug loading capacity. The limitations of individual components are overcome by a unique combination of MOFs with diverse materials, such as polymers, nanoparticles, and enzymes, to build sophisticated functional composites. The most useful are MOF composites encased in nanoparticles (NPs), which incorporate NP characteristics into MOFs for improved applications. Bioimaging, magnetic resonance imaging, photothermal treatment, and luminescence, is made possible by encapsulating magnetic (iron oxide), plasmonic (AuNPs, AgNPs), and optically active quantum dots in MOFs respectively. With an emphasis on design strategies, synthesis techniques, and their effectiveness in imaging, targeted drug delivery, and therapy, this review is focusing on nanoparticle-encapsulated MOF composites for cancer drug delivery, diagnosis, and therapy.

由有机配体连接的含有金属离子的极多孔化合物被称为金属-有机骨架或mof，具有晶体结构清晰、比表面积大、孔体积大、孔结构可调、载药能力强等特点。mof与各种材料（如聚合物、纳米颗粒和酶）的独特组合克服了单个组件的局限性，从而构建了复杂的功能复合材料。最有用的是包裹在纳米颗粒（NPs）中的MOF复合材料，它将NP特性整合到MOF中以改进应用。通过在mof中分别封装磁性（氧化铁）、等离子体（AuNPs、AgNPs）和光学活性量子点，可以实现生物成像、磁共振成像、光热处理和发光。随着设计策略、合成技术及其在成像、靶向药物传递和治疗方面的有效性，本文将重点介绍纳米颗粒封装的MOF复合材料在癌症药物传递、诊断和治疗方面的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Improved triboelectric nanogenerator by as-prepared lithium niobate for energy harvesting and sensing applications 利用制备的铌酸锂改进摩擦电纳米发电机，用于能量收集和传感

Nano Trends

Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwnano.2025.100123

Jahid Inam Chowdhury , Md. Wasikur Rahman , Md Arafat Hossain , Nicholas Dimakis , Mohammed Jasim Uddin

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have garnered significant research interest due to their ability to harvest mechanical energy efficiently. In this study, we report a TENG composed of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as triboelectric layers. To enhance charge generation in the PDMS composite polymer, we incorporated lithium niobate (LiNbO₃) nanoparticles, leveraging their piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties. The LiNbO₃ nanoparticles were synthesized using a solid-state reaction method, resulting in two distinct phases: triclinic LiNbO₃ and monoclinic LiNb₃O₈. Various weight percentages of LiNbO₃ and LiNb₃O₈ nanoparticles were added to the PDMS matrix to optimize power generation. The maximum open-circuit voltage (V_OC) and short-circuit current (I_sc) were achieved with 7 wt% LiNbO₃ and LiNb₃O₈ added to the PDMS. The corresponding values were approximately 2.54 V and 10.24 V, and 170 nA and 2 μA, respectively. Furthermore, the fabricated TENG was employed to harvest energy from raindrops and human body movement. Using tap water as a raindrop source, the maximum V_OC was found to be approximately 2.25 V at a water pressure of 8 N/cm². The TENG also demonstrated remarkable capability in sensing human physiological motions, such as during regular walking, running, and jumping.

摩擦电纳米发电机（TENGs）由于其高效收集机械能的能力而获得了重要的研究兴趣。在这项研究中，我们报道了由聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）和聚乙烯醇（PVA）作为摩擦电层组成的TENG。为了增强PDMS复合聚合物中的电荷生成，我们加入了铌酸锂（LiNbO3）纳米粒子，利用它们的压电和铁电特性。采用固相反应法制备了纳米LiNbO3，得到了三斜相LiNbO3和单斜相LiNb3O8。在PDMS基质中加入不同重量百分比的LiNbO3和LiNb3O8纳米颗粒，以优化发电性能。在PDMS中添加7 wt%的LiNbO3和LiNb3O8时，获得了最大开路电压（VOC）和短路电流（Isc）。对应值分别约为2.54 V和10.24 V， 170 nA和2 μA。此外，制造的TENG被用于从雨滴和人体运动中收集能量。使用自来水作为雨滴源，在水压为8 N/cm²时，发现最大VOC约为2.25 V。TENG在感知人类生理运动方面也表现出了非凡的能力，比如在正常的行走、跑步和跳跃过程中。

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引用次数: 0

Nanostructured zinc stannate perovskite films synthesized via molten salt modified-solvothermal method for enhanced piezoelectric properties 采用熔盐改性溶剂热法合成纳米锡酸锌钙钛矿薄膜以增强压电性能

Nano Trends

Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwnano.2025.100120

Christopher Munoz , Alyssah Fuentes , Cristian Alaniz , Tarik Dickens , Mohammed Jasim Uddin

Three dimensional (3D) piezoelectric zinc stannate (ZnSnO₃) nanoweb arrays are synthesized using a molten salt modified solvothermal method and deposited in PDMS films for electrochemical analysis of its piezoelectric response. This work is a preliminary assessment of comparative piezoelectric efficacy influenced by changes in synthesis, effecting dimension and particle size. Advantages of hydrothermal, molten salt, and solvothermal synthesis methods were leveraged to facilitate several chemical and surface engineering techniques to enhance piezoelectric properties by increasing the surface area of zinc stannate nanoparticles. The combination of these treatments reduce the size of zinc stannate to approximately ∼40nm-80nm weblike networks. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis reveal a mesoporous protonated tristannate (H₂Sn₃O₇) nanoweb template with connecting wirelike strands having diameters ranging from 12-27nm across and pores up to 50nm in diameter. Subsequent solvothermal treatment produces the perovskite nanoweb in a mixed solvent solution of critical dielectric conditions found to be 80% ethanol and 20% water for maximum Zn²⁺ deposition. ZnSnO₃ nanowebs (NW) were deposited in PDMS thin films and used as a piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) to characterize its electrochemical properties. Comparative voltage analysis of PDMS films made with weight percentages of (0%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) zinc stannate sub-microcubes and nanowebs morphologies were done using an oscilloscope. These tests reveal an increased voltage output for the zinc stannate nanoweb morphology. The combination of these synthesis methods forming 3D zinc stannate nanoweb arrays could have far-reaching implications in producing other metal oxides when approaching the design of perovskite nanomaterials and piezoelectric energy harvesting systems in the coming decade.

采用熔盐改性溶剂热法合成了三维压电锡酸锌（ZnSnO3）纳米网阵列，并将其沉积在PDMS薄膜上，对其压电响应进行了电化学分析。本工作是对合成、影响尺寸和粒径变化对比较压电效应影响的初步评估。利用水热、熔盐和溶剂热合成方法的优势，促进了几种化学和表面工程技术，通过增加锡酸锌纳米颗粒的表面积来提高压电性能。这些处理的组合将锡酸锌的尺寸减小到约40nm-80nm的网状网络。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和x射线衍射（XRD）分析显示了一种介孔质子化三锡酸酯（H2Sn3O7）纳米网模板，其连接的线状链直径为12-27nm，孔直径为50nm。随后的溶剂热处理在混合溶剂溶液中产生钙钛矿纳米网，该混合溶剂溶液的临界介电条件为80%乙醇和20%水，以获得最大的Zn2+沉积。将ZnSnO3纳米网（NW）沉积在PDMS薄膜上，并将其用作压电纳米发电机（PENG）来表征其电化学性能。用示波器对重量百分比分别为（0%、1%、5%、10%、15%和20%）锡酸锌亚微立方体和纳米网形态的PDMS薄膜进行了电压对比分析。这些测试揭示了锡酸锌纳米网形态的电压输出增加。这些合成方法的结合形成三维锡酸锌纳米网阵列，在未来十年钙钛矿纳米材料和压电能量收集系统的设计中，对生产其他金属氧化物具有深远的意义。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “nano-HA and Gel Improves Mechanical Performance and Biomineralization of 3D-printed nano-HA/Gel/CMC Bone Scaffolds” [Nano Trends 9 (2025) 100097] “纳米ha和凝胶改善3d打印纳米ha /凝胶/CMC骨支架的机械性能和生物矿化”的更正[纳米趋势9 (2025)100097]

Nano Trends

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwnano.2025.100121

Şule Arıcı , Alper Güven , Hatice Kaya , Fatih Erdem Baştan , Duygu Ege

引用次数: 0

Harnessing Crataegus rosei “tejocote” for biogenic synthesis of copper nanoparticles and cytotoxicity in normal and cancer cells 利用山楂“tejocote”的生物合成铜纳米粒子和正常细胞和癌细胞的细胞毒性

Nano Trends

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwnano.2025.100122

Gilmer David Cab-Torres , Lluvia López , Daniela Salado-Leza , Gabriela Navarro-Tovar

The biogenic synthesis of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) using plant extracts has been proposed as a facile and low-cost process that can enhance the antimicrobial and anticancer properties of those MNPs, suggesting that the plant extract capping can also improve biosafety. In this work, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) (86 ± 46 nm) were synthesized using a Crataegus rosei “tejocote” extract (rich in polyphenols and flavonoids), and the obtained particles were evaluated in human keratinocytes HaCaT cells (healthy cells) and tumor prostate PC-3 cells to determine toxicity and antitumor activity, respectively. The plant extract showed non or slight cytotoxic effects in both HaCaT and PC-3 cells at the tested concentrations. On the other hand, CuNPs synthesized with C. rosei extract showed an IC₅₀ =120 ± 1.13 µg/mL in HaCaT cells, but in tumor PC-3 cells the IC₅₀ = 491 ± 1.06 µg/mL. It is showed that C. rosei capping is insufficient to tune the oxidative stress in healthy cells exposed to CuNPs at higher concentrations, and, that higher concentrations of CuNPs are required to reduce the cell viability in <70 % in tumor PC-3 cells. Thus, a further study with different biogenic synthesized CuNPs particle size could determine different effects on the same models. It is also relevant to carry out in vitro analysis with other cancer cells and biomarkers.

利用植物提取物生物合成金属纳米颗粒（MNPs）是一种简单、低成本的方法，可以增强这些MNPs的抗菌和抗癌性能，这表明植物提取物盖层也可以提高生物安全性。本文以富含多酚和黄酮类化合物的红山楂提取物为原料，合成了直径为86±46 nm的铜纳米颗粒，并分别在人角质形成细胞HaCaT细胞（健康细胞）和前列腺肿瘤PC-3细胞中进行了毒性和抗肿瘤活性评价。在实验浓度下，植物提取物对HaCaT和PC-3细胞均无或有轻微的细胞毒性作用。在HaCaT细胞中，用玫瑰提取物合成的CuNPs的IC50为120±1.13µg/mL，而在肿瘤PC-3细胞中，IC50为491±1.06µg/mL。研究表明，C. rosei capping不足以调节暴露于高浓度CuNPs的健康细胞的氧化应激，并且需要较高浓度的CuNPs才能使肿瘤PC-3细胞的细胞活力降低70%。因此，对不同生物源合成的CuNPs粒径的进一步研究可以确定对同一模型的不同影响。与其他癌细胞和生物标志物进行体外分析也具有相关性。

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引用次数: 0

One arrow two eagle: Multifunctional Nb5+-doped TiO2 nanoparticles for tumor photothermal-sonodynamic therapy 一箭两鹰：多功能Nb5+掺杂TiO2纳米粒子用于肿瘤光热声动力治疗

Nano Trends

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwnano.2025.100124

Wei Wang , Wenquan Huang , Yan Li , Guangcan Xiang , Yuting Zhang , Haichuang Lan , Peng Geng , Shuzhang Xiao

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂) have been widely used as biocompatible sonosensitizers, but their wide bandgap (3.0-3.2 eV) and rapid carrier recombination result in poor sonodynamic therapy efficacy. In order to expand the biological applications of nano-TiO₂, this work prepared Nb-doped TiO₂ nanoparticles (Nb:TiO₂) via a simple thermal decomposition method. The optical absorption of Nb:TiO₂ extended from the ultraviolet absorption edge (∼380 nm) of pure TiO₂ to near-infrared (NIR) absorption (>1100 nm). Under 1064 nm light irradiation, Nb:TiO₂ nanoparticles efficiently convert NIR light energy into heat, with a photothermal conversion efficiency of 39.1 %, demonstrating their potential as excellent nano-photothermal agents. Under ultrasound excitation, the singlet oxygen (¹O₂) generation rate of Nb:TiO₂ was 1.51 times higher than that of undoped TiO₂, making it a more effective inorganic nano-sonosensitizer. Under combined light-ultrasound conditions, the cell survival rate was reduced to just 8.3 % after 8 min, indicating that the synergistic treatment of PTT-SDT effectively kills tumor cells. Therefore, this doping strategy provides new insights for expanding the biological applications of other TiO₂-based semiconductors.

二氧化钛纳米粒子（TiO2）作为生物相容性声敏剂已被广泛应用，但其宽带隙（3.0-3.2 eV）和快速载流子重组导致声动力治疗效果不佳。为了扩大纳米TiO2的生物应用，本工作通过简单的热分解法制备了Nb掺杂的纳米TiO2 （Nb:TiO2）。Nb:TiO2的光学吸收从纯TiO2的紫外吸收边（~ 380 nm）扩展到近红外吸收边（>1100 nm）。在1064 nm光照射下，Nb:TiO2纳米粒子能有效地将近红外光转化为热能，光热转换效率为39.1%，显示了其作为优异纳米光热剂的潜力。在超声激发下，Nb:TiO2的单线态氧（1O2）生成率是未掺杂TiO2的1.51倍，是一种更有效的无机纳米声敏剂。在光超声联合条件下，8 min后细胞存活率降至仅8.3%，表明PTT-SDT协同治疗有效杀伤肿瘤细胞。因此，这种掺杂策略为扩展其他tio2基半导体的生物应用提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Emerging trends in nanotechnologies for vitamin delivery: Innovation and future prospects 维生素输送纳米技术的新趋势：创新和未来前景

Nano Trends

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwnano.2025.100126

Md. Sumon Miah , Md. Waziur Rahman Chy , Tanvir Ahmed , Mahjabin Suchi , Md. Awwal Muhtady , Shah Nizam Uddin Ahmad , Mohammad Afzal Hossain

Nanotechnology has emerged as a cutting-edge approach to improving Vitamin Delivery systems, addressing critical challenges such as poor solubility, instability, and limited bioavailability. Conventional Vitamin Formulations are often challenged with rapid degradation and inefficient absorption, reducing their effectiveness. Integrating nanocarriers - including polymeric nanoparticles, lipid-based nanoparticles, metal-based systems, liposomes, and nano-emulsions - has demonstrated significant potential in enhancing vitamin stability and controlled release, optimizing nutrient uptake in the body. This review explores the diverse applications of nanotechnology in Vitamin Delivery, emphasizing the advantages of various nanocarrier systems. It discusses how nanoscale delivery platforms improve vitamin protection, solubility, and absorption, potentially leading to more effective supplementation strategies. Additionally, key challenges hindering the large-scale adoption of these technologies are examined, including concerns related to toxicity, regulatory uncertainties, and economic feasibility. The need for standardized safety assessments and well-defined regulatory frameworks remains a major hurdle in translating laboratory research into commercially viable products.

纳米技术已经成为改善维生素输送系统的前沿方法，解决了诸如低溶解度、不稳定性和有限的生物利用度等关键挑战。传统的维生素制剂经常受到快速降解和吸收效率低下的挑战，从而降低了其有效性。整合纳米载体——包括聚合纳米颗粒、脂基纳米颗粒、金属基系统、脂质体和纳米乳液——已证明在增强维生素稳定性和控制释放、优化体内营养吸收方面具有重大潜力。本文综述了纳米技术在维生素递送中的各种应用，强调了各种纳米载体体系的优势。它讨论了纳米级递送平台如何改善维生素保护，溶解度和吸收，潜在地导致更有效的补充策略。此外，研究了阻碍大规模采用这些技术的主要挑战，包括与毒性、监管不确定性和经济可行性有关的问题。标准化安全评估和明确规定的管理框架的需要仍然是将实验室研究转化为商业上可行的产品的主要障碍。

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引用次数: 0