Renewable energy sources (RESs) hold a significant share in modern electrical networks, particularly in Microgrids (MGs). The inertia of the MG is significantly reduced due to the substitution of traditional synchronous generators with RESs. Frequency control of MG integrated with RESs is a challenging task. This research proposes a robust solution to enhance the frequency stability of an islanded MG by applying virtual inertia control (VIC) and damping strategies. A multistage proportional integral derivative (PID) ([PDF]-[1+PI]) controller optimized through a modified golf optimization algorithm (mGOA) in coordination with an energy storage system (ESS) is implemented as VIC. The mGOA algorithm performance is compared using various standard benchmark test functions with the original golf optimization algorithm (GOA) and with 10 other well-known optimization algorithms, particle swarm optimization, gravitational search algorithm, and genetic algorithm. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed mGOA algorithm, it is compared with the original GOA, grey wolf optimization (GWO), and whale optimization algorithm (WOA). It is demonstrated that the objective function value decreases by 53.07%, 56.01%, and 60.53% when compared with the original GOA, WOA, and GWO, respectively. The performance of the proportional derivative with filter (PDF)-(1+PI) controller was compared with that of conventional proportional integral (PI) controllers and PID controllers based on mGOA for random load fluctuation, parametric uncertainty, reduced capacity of ESS, and various renewable generation scenarios. The simulation result indicates that the mGOA-tuned multistage controller offers improved performance of 85.65% and 82.62% in terms of minimum objective function value in comparison to the mGOA-tuned PI and PID controllers, respectively. The performance of the proposed controller is evaluated under cyber attacks like false data injection attacks and denial of service attacks, as well as time latency. Performance of the proposed controller is tested by Hardware-In-The-Loop simulation, in OPAL-RT platform.
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号