Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2026.100147
Aung Zaw Moe , Carsten Heydel , Henrik Wagner , Lisa Ulrich , Torsten Semmler , Kerstin Stingl , Priyanshu Singh Raikwar , Samuel K. Sheppard , Christa Ewers
Background
South American camelids (SACs) are increasingly kept as companion animals, but their role in zoonotic transmission is poorly understood. Thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. are a leading cause of bacterial zoonoses globally. This study investigated the occurrence and zoonotic potential of thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. in SACs on German farms.
Methods
Fecal swabs from up to 20 animals on 10 farms were collected across four seasons. Campylobacter spp. were isolated, and genomes were typed to assess multilocus sequence types (STs), virulence, and antimicrobial resistance.
Results
Campylobacter spp. were detected in 23/717 samples (3.2 %), including 16 Campylobacter jejuni from seven farms and seven Campylobacter coli from two farms. Detection was higher in alpacas (4.9 %, 21/427) than in llamas (0.7 %, 2/288), with higher rates in summer. Molecular typing revealed high genetic heterogeneity, though some STs recurred across timepoints, animals, and farms, suggesting potential endemic colonization. Nine distinct C. jejuni STs and two C. coli STs were identified, many belonging to clonal complexes (CCs) common in livestock and humans. All isolates carried virulence-associated genes for motility, adhesion, invasion, and toxin production, while several from CC21 harbored genes linked to Guillain-Barré syndrome. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed wild-type phenotypes for erythromycin, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol. Ciprofloxacin resistance, with T86I mutation in gyrA, was found in three isolates; one C. jejuni isolate carried tet(O) conferring tetracycline resistance.
Conclusion
SACs harbor Campylobacter strains related to human and livestock lineages, with virulence and resistance traits relevant for zoonotic transmission. Their presence on German farms highlights the need targeted surveillance and biosecurity within a One Health framework.
{"title":"Seasonal dynamics, antimicrobial resistance, and genetic lineages of thermotolerant Campylobacter isolates from South American camelids","authors":"Aung Zaw Moe , Carsten Heydel , Henrik Wagner , Lisa Ulrich , Torsten Semmler , Kerstin Stingl , Priyanshu Singh Raikwar , Samuel K. Sheppard , Christa Ewers","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2026.100147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soh.2026.100147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>South American camelids (SACs) are increasingly kept as companion animals, but their role in zoonotic transmission is poorly understood. Thermotolerant <em>Campylobacter</em> spp. are a leading cause of bacterial zoonoses globally. This study investigated the occurrence and zoonotic potential of thermotolerant <em>Campylobacter</em> spp. in SACs on German farms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fecal swabs from up to 20 animals on 10 farms were collected across four seasons. <em>Campylobacter</em> spp. were isolated, and genomes were typed to assess multilocus sequence types (STs), virulence, and antimicrobial resistance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>Campylobacter</em> spp. were detected in 23/717 samples (3.2 %), including 16 <em>Campylobacter jejuni</em> from seven farms and seven <em>Campylobacter coli</em> from two farms. Detection was higher in alpacas (4.9 %, 21/427) than in llamas (0.7 %, 2/288), with higher rates in summer. Molecular typing revealed high genetic heterogeneity, though some STs recurred across timepoints, animals, and farms, suggesting potential endemic colonization. Nine distinct <em>C. jejuni</em> STs and two <em>C. coli</em> STs were identified, many belonging to clonal complexes (CCs) common in livestock and humans. All isolates carried virulence-associated genes for motility, adhesion, invasion, and toxin production, while several from CC21 harbored genes linked to Guillain-Barré syndrome. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed wild-type phenotypes for erythromycin, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol. Ciprofloxacin resistance, with T86I mutation in <em>gyrA</em>, was found in three isolates; one <em>C. jejuni</em> isolate carried <em>tet</em>(O) conferring tetracycline resistance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SACs harbor <em>Campylobacter</em> strains related to human and livestock lineages, with virulence and resistance traits relevant for zoonotic transmission. Their presence on German farms highlights the need targeted surveillance and biosecurity within a One Health framework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2025.100144
John M. Kerr , Maryann G. Delea , Minwoong Chung , Jinhua Zhao , Jesse Crawford , Maria Knight Lapinski
With the global expansion of financial incentives to promote behavior change, they are being considered in One Health contexts characterized by the interdependence of human, animal, and ecosystem health. Little specific evidence exists about how to maximize the effectiveness of financial incentives and minimize negative outcomes in these complex settings. We review over two decades of research on financial incentives for behavior change to examine their potential effects on improved practices related to water, sanitation and hygiene, food safety, and animal and ecosystem health. We apply lessons from the literature to the case of Guinea worm disease, a neglected tropical disease for which financial incentives have been utilized or considered to motivate the uptake of various preventive behaviors. Guinea worm disease prevention is a useful example for considering the advantages, disadvantages, and unknowns of incorporating financial incentives into behavior change interventions because such an approach calls for changes in multiple behaviors with diverse attributes, and the use of incentives may have implications for other disease control, elimination, and eradication programs. Further, Guinea worm disease represents a classic One Health challenge with interventions necessary in human, animal, and ecological systems to reduce disease incidence. We present evidence-based recommendations for the design and use of incentives that may further facilitate effective behavior change. We also discuss potential negative outcomes from incentives, and critical unknowns such as how to design incentives for collective behavior and what happens when incentives end. We stress that financial incentives are not always appropriate; they must be considered carefully and coupled with proper communication efforts that are driven by a deep understanding of community social norms, motivations, and practices.
{"title":"Navigating the challenges in implementing financial incentives for behavior change at the intersection of human, animal, and ecosystem health: a case study","authors":"John M. Kerr , Maryann G. Delea , Minwoong Chung , Jinhua Zhao , Jesse Crawford , Maria Knight Lapinski","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the global expansion of financial incentives to promote behavior change, they are being considered in One Health contexts characterized by the interdependence of human, animal, and ecosystem health. Little specific evidence exists about how to maximize the effectiveness of financial incentives and minimize negative outcomes in these complex settings. We review over two decades of research on financial incentives for behavior change to examine their potential effects on improved practices related to water, sanitation and hygiene, food safety, and animal and ecosystem health. We apply lessons from the literature to the case of Guinea worm disease, a neglected tropical disease for which financial incentives have been utilized or considered to motivate the uptake of various preventive behaviors. Guinea worm disease prevention is a useful example for considering the advantages, disadvantages, and unknowns of incorporating financial incentives into behavior change interventions because such an approach calls for changes in multiple behaviors with diverse attributes, and the use of incentives may have implications for other disease control, elimination, and eradication programs. Further, Guinea worm disease represents a classic One Health challenge with interventions necessary in human, animal, and ecological systems to reduce disease incidence. We present evidence-based recommendations for the design and use of incentives that may further facilitate effective behavior change. We also discuss potential negative outcomes from incentives, and critical unknowns such as how to design incentives for collective behavior and what happens when incentives end. We stress that financial incentives are not always appropriate; they must be considered carefully and coupled with proper communication efforts that are driven by a deep understanding of community social norms, motivations, and practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2025.100145
Subhankar Mukhopadhyay , Ye Peng , Hein Min Tun
The 2024 WHO Bacterial Priority Pathogens List (WHO BPPL) is a critical tool for refining global antimicrobial resistance (AMR) strategy, prioritizing 24 bacteria with a focus on Gram-negatives and community threats like Salmonella Typhi. This perspective examines its One Health implications. While the 2024 WHO BPPL effectively guides research and development (R&D), policy, and infection control through vaccines and water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) programs, its human-centric approach underrepresents critical agricultural and environmental AMR drivers. Surveillance biases towards high-income countries and the inherent challenges of cross-sectoral monitoring—given the distinct niches of pathogens like Enterococcus faecium and Shigella—further limit its scope. We call for integrating zoonotic and environmental metrics, strengthening global surveillance (e.g., Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System [GLASS]), and accelerating development of novel therapies to advance a more equitable and holistic AMR response.
{"title":"The 2024 WHO bacterial priority pathogens list: a critical evolution from a global One Health perspective","authors":"Subhankar Mukhopadhyay , Ye Peng , Hein Min Tun","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 2024 WHO Bacterial Priority Pathogens List (WHO BPPL) is a critical tool for refining global antimicrobial resistance (AMR) strategy, prioritizing 24 bacteria with a focus on Gram-negatives and community threats like <em>Salmonella</em> Typhi. This perspective examines its One Health implications. While the 2024 WHO BPPL effectively guides research and development (R&D), policy, and infection control through vaccines and water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) programs, its human-centric approach underrepresents critical agricultural and environmental AMR drivers. Surveillance biases towards high-income countries and the inherent challenges of cross-sectoral monitoring—given the distinct niches of pathogens like <em>Enterococcus faecium</em> and <em>Shigella</em>—further limit its scope. We call for integrating zoonotic and environmental metrics, strengthening global surveillance (e.g., Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System [GLASS]), and accelerating development of novel therapies to advance a more equitable and holistic AMR response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145957652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2025.100108
Banchob Sripa , Sirikachorn Tangkawattana
Liver fluke infection caused by Opisthorchis viverrini is a significant public health challenge in the Lower Mekong Basin, affecting over 10 million people and leading to cholangiocarcinoma, a fatal bile duct cancer. Traditional control efforts often fail due to complex socio-cultural and ecological factors. The Lawa model, implemented in the Lawa Lake region of Khon Kaen, Thailand, adopts a One Health framework to integrate human health interventions, environmental modifications, and animal reservoir management, addressing the transmission cycle comprehensively. This approach respects the cultural context of Isan communities and leverages evidence-based, community-driven strategies. Over 15 years, the model has achieved remarkable success, reducing human infection rates from 60 % to below 5 % and eliminating infections in intermediate hosts. Key lessons include the importance of systems thinking, transdisciplinary collaboration, and community engagement in achieving sustainable health outcomes, despite challenges like cultural dietary practices and environmental disruptions such as flooding.
{"title":"One Health showcase from Asia: the Lawa model—a community-based approach to liver fluke control in Thailand","authors":"Banchob Sripa , Sirikachorn Tangkawattana","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liver fluke infection caused by <em>Opisthorchis viverrini</em> is a significant public health challenge in the Lower Mekong Basin, affecting over 10 million people and leading to cholangiocarcinoma, a fatal bile duct cancer. Traditional control efforts often fail due to complex socio-cultural and ecological factors. The Lawa model, implemented in the Lawa Lake region of Khon Kaen, Thailand, adopts a One Health framework to integrate human health interventions, environmental modifications, and animal reservoir management, addressing the transmission cycle comprehensively. This approach respects the cultural context of Isan communities and leverages evidence-based, community-driven strategies. Over 15 years, the model has achieved remarkable success, reducing human infection rates from 60 % to below 5 % and eliminating infections in intermediate hosts. Key lessons include the importance of systems thinking, transdisciplinary collaboration, and community engagement in achieving sustainable health outcomes, despite challenges like cultural dietary practices and environmental disruptions such as flooding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2025.100105
Shaher Zyoud , Sa'ed H. Zyoud
This review explored research trends in One Health and planetary health in the Arab world, a region confronting major sustainability challenges. These fields are crucial in combating global pressing concerns like infectious diseases, biodiversity loss, antimicrobial resistance, climate change, and air pollution. The COVID-19 pandemic stressed their significance to global health and sustainable development. This analysis assessed the Arab world's contributions to these concepts applying performance analysis and visualization mapping, revealing that One Health outperformed planetary health in terms of productivity and number of contributed countries. Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates have emerged as leading contributors to One Health and planetary health research in the Arab world. Meanwhile, the United States and the United Kingdom, as non-Arab nations, play a pivotal role in fostering collaborative efforts with the region. The trajectory of One Health research has indeed shown remarkable exponential growth, especially since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019, which is an indication of increasing relevance in the address of global health challenges. Conversely, planetary health presents an irregular growth pattern, with a strong point in the development of this area standing out in 2023. The unique set of social, cultural, governance, and agricultural attributes of the Arab region are joined by major environmental challenges that define the focus of both One Health and planetary health research efforts. Climate change, environmental contexts, and public health feature prominently in both One Health and planetary health, with One Health focusing mainly on infectious diseases and planetary health addressing the implications of climate change on human health. Advancing these concepts demands the establishment of a regional governing body to oversee an integrated One Health and planetary health strategy, foster regional research communities and alliances, secure political will and funding, and ensure the integration of these concepts into policy and academic frameworks.
{"title":"One Health and planetary health research landscapes in the Arab world","authors":"Shaher Zyoud , Sa'ed H. Zyoud","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review explored research trends in One Health and planetary health in the Arab world, a region confronting major sustainability challenges. These fields are crucial in combating global pressing concerns like infectious diseases, biodiversity loss, antimicrobial resistance, climate change, and air pollution. The COVID-19 pandemic stressed their significance to global health and sustainable development. This analysis assessed the Arab world's contributions to these concepts applying performance analysis and visualization mapping, revealing that One Health outperformed planetary health in terms of productivity and number of contributed countries. Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates have emerged as leading contributors to One Health and planetary health research in the Arab world. Meanwhile, the United States and the United Kingdom, as non-Arab nations, play a pivotal role in fostering collaborative efforts with the region. The trajectory of One Health research has indeed shown remarkable exponential growth, especially since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019, which is an indication of increasing relevance in the address of global health challenges. Conversely, planetary health presents an irregular growth pattern, with a strong point in the development of this area standing out in 2023. The unique set of social, cultural, governance, and agricultural attributes of the Arab region are joined by major environmental challenges that define the focus of both One Health and planetary health research efforts. Climate change, environmental contexts, and public health feature prominently in both One Health and planetary health, with One Health focusing mainly on infectious diseases and planetary health addressing the implications of climate change on human health. Advancing these concepts demands the establishment of a regional governing body to oversee an integrated One Health and planetary health strategy, foster regional research communities and alliances, secure political will and funding, and ensure the integration of these concepts into policy and academic frameworks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2025.100129
Moshe Porat Wojakowski , Shir Porat-Butman
One Health discourse rightly stresses human–animal–environment interdependence, yet its normative footing can be thin and often defaults to strong anthropocentrism, valuing non-human beings and ecosystems only instrumentally. This perspective focuses on clinical decision-making and proposes a shift from strong anthropocentrism to weak anthropocentrism. weak anthropocentrism maintains the human-centered mandate that underpins medicine and public health while at the same time requiring proportionality, least harm, and intergenerational responsibility that acknowledge intrinsic—not merely instrumental—value in ecological systems and non-human life. Building on One Health's systems thinking, the framework offers a pragmatic approach rather than a radical turn to biocentrism or ecocentrism, and it recognizes ongoing debates about prudential versus radical interpretations within One Health. We illustrate feasibility with green oncology, where clinically equivalent options are selected to reduce life-cycle emissions, waste, and antimicrobial pressures—showing how ecological considerations can be integrated without compromising patient or population outcomes. The proposal aligns with contemporary regulatory strategies that recommend a One Health lens and invites a practical recalibration of public health policy: expand evaluative criteria, embed ecological reasoning in decision processes, and align clinical benefit with long-term planetary stewardship. Weak anthropocentrism thus offers a workable, ethically coherent route to extend “do no harm” beyond humans while remaining faithful to the core commitments of both clinical care and public health.
{"title":"A One Health call to re examine medical practice: going beyond strong anthropocentrism","authors":"Moshe Porat Wojakowski , Shir Porat-Butman","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One Health discourse rightly stresses human–animal–environment interdependence, yet its normative footing can be thin and often defaults to strong anthropocentrism, valuing non-human beings and ecosystems only instrumentally. This perspective focuses on clinical decision-making and proposes a shift from strong anthropocentrism to weak anthropocentrism. weak anthropocentrism maintains the human-centered mandate that underpins medicine and public health while at the same time requiring proportionality, least harm, and intergenerational responsibility that acknowledge intrinsic—not merely instrumental—value in ecological systems and non-human life. Building on One Health's systems thinking, the framework offers a pragmatic approach rather than a radical turn to biocentrism or ecocentrism, and it recognizes ongoing debates about prudential versus radical interpretations within One Health. We illustrate feasibility with green oncology, where clinically equivalent options are selected to reduce life-cycle emissions, waste, and antimicrobial pressures—showing how ecological considerations can be integrated without compromising patient or population outcomes. The proposal aligns with contemporary regulatory strategies that recommend a One Health lens and invites a practical recalibration of public health policy: expand evaluative criteria, embed ecological reasoning in decision processes, and align clinical benefit with long-term planetary stewardship. Weak anthropocentrism thus offers a workable, ethically coherent route to extend “do no harm” beyond humans while remaining faithful to the core commitments of both clinical care and public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145361921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Salmonella is a major concern in terms of human health, environmental sustainability, and global food security. Salmonella, the world's most prevalent foodborne pathogen, has gradually gained resistance to important drugs, complicating treatment efforts and leading to rising morbidity, mortality, and economic costs. Overuse of antibiotics in human medicine and agriculture, inadequate regulatory compliance, and environmental pollution from agricultural runoff and treated sewage all contribute to the growth and spread of AMR in Salmonella. Health as well as viewpoints on environmental, animal, and human health will be required to address this complicated problem. This includes promoting reasonable antibiotic use, improving global surveillance systems, and researching novel treatments including phage therapy, probiotics, and new antibiotics. Proposals for vaccination and precise food safety standards are critical for limiting Salmonella transmission across the food chain. Despite significant progress, critical research gaps continue, specifically in understanding the molecular basis of resistance and the role of environmental practices. However, contemporary research endeavors are concentrated on identifying and comprehending the prevalence of extensively drug-resistant Salmonella strains, elucidating the bacterium's defense mechanisms against antibiotics, and investigating outbreaks associated with vegetables. Global surveillance, the development of alternative therapies, and the implementation of stricter antibiotic policies are essential strategies in addressing AMR in Salmonella. Additionally, policy design and implementation, capacity building in low- and middle-income countries, and raising public awareness all necessitate urgent global collaboration among governments, international agencies, non-governmental organizations, and the corporate sector. Stricter regulations on overuse of antibiotics in agriculture is also called for. This review highlights the importance of multi-disciplinary struggles in engaging Salmonella, as integrated resolutions through a One Health approach are crucial for ensuring food safety, preserving public health, and minimizing the worldwide threat of AMR.
{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella: One Health perspective on global food safety challenges","authors":"Rahul Kumar , Nurudeen Olatunbosun Adeyemi , Sourav Chattaraj , Wiem Alloun , A.K.A.N.W.M.R.K. Thamarsha , Snežana Anđelković , Debasis Mitra , Pankaj Gautam","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in <em>Salmonella</em> is a major concern in terms of human health, environmental sustainability, and global food security. <em>Salmonella</em>, the world's most prevalent foodborne pathogen, has gradually gained resistance to important drugs, complicating treatment efforts and leading to rising morbidity, mortality, and economic costs. Overuse of antibiotics in human medicine and agriculture, inadequate regulatory compliance, and environmental pollution from agricultural runoff and treated sewage all contribute to the growth and spread of AMR in <em>Salmonella</em>. Health as well as viewpoints on environmental, animal, and human health will be required to address this complicated problem. This includes promoting reasonable antibiotic use, improving global surveillance systems, and researching novel treatments including phage therapy, probiotics, and new antibiotics. Proposals for vaccination and precise food safety standards are critical for limiting <em>Salmonella</em> transmission across the food chain. Despite significant progress, critical research gaps continue, specifically in understanding the molecular basis of resistance and the role of environmental practices. However, contemporary research endeavors are concentrated on identifying and comprehending the prevalence of extensively drug-resistant <em>Salmonella</em> strains, elucidating the bacterium's defense mechanisms against antibiotics, and investigating outbreaks associated with vegetables. Global surveillance, the development of alternative therapies, and the implementation of stricter antibiotic policies are essential strategies in addressing AMR in <em>Salmonella</em>. Additionally, policy design and implementation, capacity building in low- and middle-income countries, and raising public awareness all necessitate urgent global collaboration among governments, international agencies, non-governmental organizations, and the corporate sector. Stricter regulations on overuse of antibiotics in agriculture is also called for. This review highlights the importance of multi-disciplinary struggles in engaging <em>Salmonella</em>, as integrated resolutions through a One Health approach are crucial for ensuring food safety, preserving public health, and minimizing the worldwide threat of AMR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Identification of habitat suitability for the dominant zoonotic tick species Haemaphysalis flava on Chongming Island, China”[Science in One Health 3 (2024) 100068]","authors":"Si-Wei Fei , Han-Qing Zhao , Jing-Xian Yin , Zhi-Shan Sun , Jing-Bo Xue , Shan Lv , Xin-Yu Feng , Xiao-Kui Guo , Xiao-Nong Zhou , Kokouvi Kassegne","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2025.100114
Suying Guo , Lijuan Zhang , Yifeng Li , Shiqing Zhang , Xiaojuan Xu , Yinlong Li , Chunli Cao , Jing Xu , Shizhu Li
Surveillance is an effective approach for disease control and prevention. Being a vector-borne and zoonotic parasitic disease, schistosomiasis has been under comprehensive surveillance in China for several decades, with focus on indicators related to definitive hosts, intermediate hosts, as well as changes of influencing factors. This article reviewed the surveillance system of schistosomiasis in China from the perspective of One Health to provide evidence for the acceleration of elimination. When moving towards elimination with rare new infection occurred in humans, livestock and snails, One Health surveillance system could be the most effective approach to accelerate the process of elimination or consolidate the achievement of schistosomiasis by integrating the risk surveillance and novel diagnostic tools in the intelligent multi-point trigger infectious disease monitoring and early warning system.
{"title":"One Health integrated surveillance: a way forward to accelerate schistosomiasis elimination in China","authors":"Suying Guo , Lijuan Zhang , Yifeng Li , Shiqing Zhang , Xiaojuan Xu , Yinlong Li , Chunli Cao , Jing Xu , Shizhu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surveillance is an effective approach for disease control and prevention. Being a vector-borne and zoonotic parasitic disease, schistosomiasis has been under comprehensive surveillance in China for several decades, with focus on indicators related to definitive hosts, intermediate hosts, as well as changes of influencing factors. This article reviewed the surveillance system of schistosomiasis in China from the perspective of One Health to provide evidence for the acceleration of elimination. When moving towards elimination with rare new infection occurred in humans, livestock and snails, One Health surveillance system could be the most effective approach to accelerate the process of elimination or consolidate the achievement of schistosomiasis by integrating the risk surveillance and novel diagnostic tools in the intelligent multi-point trigger infectious disease monitoring and early warning system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144255407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2025.100123
Shunxian Zhang , Guobing Yang , Shan Lv , Lei Duan , Muxin Chen , Qin Liu , Liguang Tian , Shizhu Li , Jinxin Zheng
Background
Leishmaniasis is a globally prevalent parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania. This study utilizes Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) data to systematically evaluate the global, regional, and national epidemiological trends, thereby providing a scientific basis for optimizing the prevention and control strategies for leishmania infections.
Methods
Data from the GBD 2021 database were analyzed to evaluate trends in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years rate (ASDR) for leishmaniasis across global, regional, and national levels, stratified by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI). A Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model was employed to project future burden. Analyses included the slope index of inequality and the concentration index to assess health disparities, frontier analysis to estimate achievable outcomes based on development levels, and decomposition analysis to identify the drivers of changes in DALYs number.
Results
From 1990 to 2021, the ASIR of leishmaniasis decreased from 17.82 to 14.34 per 100,000 population, while the ASPR increased from 62.94 to 76.96 per 100,000 population. Most strikingly, the ASMR showed a dramatic reduction from 1.05 to 0.07 per 100,000 population. However, concerning increases were observed in absolute case numbers, with incident cases rising from 1.01 to 1.10 million and prevalent cases nearly doubling from 3.18 to 6.21 million. Notably, Syria exhibited the most severe deterioration in ASDR (average annual percentage change [AAPC] = 4.78 %, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 4.67–4.89). Frontier analysis identified several high-burden countries including South Sudan, the Syrian Arab Republic, Afghanistan, Suriname, and Sudan as persistent hotspots requiring targeted interventions. A robust inverse correlation was observed between all disease metrics (ASIR, ASPR, ASMR, ASDR, and case counts) and the SDI, with all associations demonstrating high statistical significance (P < 0.001).
Conclusions
Leishmaniasis continues to pose significant public health challenges in Southeast Asia, North Africa, and Middle East. Strengthening public health interventions, optimizing resource distribution, and focusing on health governance in low- and middle-income countries are key to addressing the ongoing burden. One Health-based integrated strategies, particularly in vector control, host management, and environmental sanitation, are essential for reducing the disease burden and achieving long-term control.
{"title":"Global, regional, and national temporal trend and patterns of change in the burden of leishmaniasis from 1990 to 2021: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","authors":"Shunxian Zhang , Guobing Yang , Shan Lv , Lei Duan , Muxin Chen , Qin Liu , Liguang Tian , Shizhu Li , Jinxin Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soh.2025.100123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Leishmaniasis is a globally prevalent parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus <em>Leishmania</em>. This study utilizes Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) data to systematically evaluate the global, regional, and national epidemiological trends, thereby providing a scientific basis for optimizing the prevention and control strategies for <em>leishmania</em> infections.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from the GBD 2021 database were analyzed to evaluate trends in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years rate (ASDR) for leishmaniasis across global, regional, and national levels, stratified by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI). A Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model was employed to project future burden. Analyses included the slope index of inequality and the concentration index to assess health disparities, frontier analysis to estimate achievable outcomes based on development levels, and decomposition analysis to identify the drivers of changes in DALYs number.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 1990 to 2021, the ASIR of leishmaniasis decreased from 17.82 to 14.34 per 100,000 population, while the ASPR increased from 62.94 to 76.96 per 100,000 population. Most strikingly, the ASMR showed a dramatic reduction from 1.05 to 0.07 per 100,000 population. However, concerning increases were observed in absolute case numbers, with incident cases rising from 1.01 to 1.10 million and prevalent cases nearly doubling from 3.18 to 6.21 million. Notably, Syria exhibited the most severe deterioration in ASDR (average annual percentage change [AAPC] = 4.78 %, 95 % confidence interval [<em>CI</em>]: 4.67–4.89). Frontier analysis identified several high-burden countries including South Sudan, the Syrian Arab Republic, Afghanistan, Suriname, and Sudan as persistent hotspots requiring targeted interventions. A robust inverse correlation was observed between all disease metrics (ASIR, ASPR, ASMR, ASDR, and case counts) and the SDI, with all associations demonstrating high statistical significance (<em>P</em> < 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Leishmaniasis continues to pose significant public health challenges in Southeast Asia, North Africa, and Middle East. Strengthening public health interventions, optimizing resource distribution, and focusing on health governance in low- and middle-income countries are key to addressing the ongoing burden. One Health-based integrated strategies, particularly in vector control, host management, and environmental sanitation, are essential for reducing the disease burden and achieving long-term control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145095139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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