Science in One Health最新文献

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Science in One Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

Science in One Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

Science in One Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

Science in One Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

Science in One Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

One Health and planetary health research landscapes in the Arab world “同一个健康”和阿拉伯世界的全球健康研究景观

Science in One Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2025.100105

Shaher Zyoud , Sa'ed H. Zyoud

This review explored research trends in One Health and planetary health in the Arab world, a region confronting major sustainability challenges. These fields are crucial in combating global pressing concerns like infectious diseases, biodiversity loss, antimicrobial resistance, climate change, and air pollution. The COVID-19 pandemic stressed their significance to global health and sustainable development. This analysis assessed the Arab world's contributions to these concepts applying performance analysis and visualization mapping, revealing that One Health outperformed planetary health in terms of productivity and number of contributed countries. Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates have emerged as leading contributors to One Health and planetary health research in the Arab world. Meanwhile, the United States and the United Kingdom, as non-Arab nations, play a pivotal role in fostering collaborative efforts with the region. The trajectory of One Health research has indeed shown remarkable exponential growth, especially since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019, which is an indication of increasing relevance in the address of global health challenges. Conversely, planetary health presents an irregular growth pattern, with a strong point in the development of this area standing out in 2023. The unique set of social, cultural, governance, and agricultural attributes of the Arab region are joined by major environmental challenges that define the focus of both One Health and planetary health research efforts. Climate change, environmental contexts, and public health feature prominently in both One Health and planetary health, with One Health focusing mainly on infectious diseases and planetary health addressing the implications of climate change on human health. Advancing these concepts demands the establishment of a regional governing body to oversee an integrated One Health and planetary health strategy, foster regional research communities and alliances, secure political will and funding, and ensure the integration of these concepts into policy and academic frameworks.

本综述探讨了面临重大可持续性挑战的阿拉伯世界“同一个健康”和“地球健康”的研究趋势。这些领域对于应对传染病、生物多样性丧失、抗菌素耐药性、气候变化和空气污染等全球紧迫问题至关重要。2019冠状病毒病大流行强调了它们对全球卫生和可持续发展的重要性。这一分析利用绩效分析和可视化制图评估了阿拉伯世界对这些概念的贡献，结果显示，在生产力和贡献国数量方面，“同一个健康”的表现优于地球健康。埃及、沙特阿拉伯和阿拉伯联合酋长国已成为阿拉伯世界“同一个健康”和全球健康研究的主要贡献者。与此同时，美国和英国作为非阿拉伯国家，在促进与该地区的合作努力方面发挥着关键作用。“同一个健康”的研究轨迹确实呈现出显著的指数级增长，特别是自2019年COVID-19大流行开始以来，这表明该项目在应对全球卫生挑战方面的相关性日益增强。相反，行星健康呈现出不规则的增长模式，在2023年这一领域的发展有一个亮点。除了阿拉伯地区独特的社会、文化、治理和农业属性外，还面临着重大的环境挑战，这些挑战确定了“同一个健康”和“地球健康”研究工作的重点。气候变化、环境背景和公共卫生在“同一个健康”和“地球健康”中都具有突出特点，“同一个健康”主要侧重于传染病和地球健康，处理气候变化对人类健康的影响。推进这些概念需要建立一个区域理事机构，以监督“同一个健康”和“地球健康”综合战略，促进区域研究社区和联盟，确保政治意愿和资金，并确保将这些概念纳入政策和学术框架。

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A One Health call to re examine medical practice: going beyond strong anthropocentrism 同一个健康呼吁重新审视医疗实践：超越强烈的人类中心主义

Science in One Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2025.100129

Moshe Porat Wojakowski , Shir Porat-Butman

One Health discourse rightly stresses human–animal–environment interdependence, yet its normative footing can be thin and often defaults to strong anthropocentrism, valuing non-human beings and ecosystems only instrumentally. This perspective focuses on clinical decision-making and proposes a shift from strong anthropocentrism to weak anthropocentrism. weak anthropocentrism maintains the human-centered mandate that underpins medicine and public health while at the same time requiring proportionality, least harm, and intergenerational responsibility that acknowledge intrinsic—not merely instrumental—value in ecological systems and non-human life. Building on One Health's systems thinking, the framework offers a pragmatic approach rather than a radical turn to biocentrism or ecocentrism, and it recognizes ongoing debates about prudential versus radical interpretations within One Health. We illustrate feasibility with green oncology, where clinically equivalent options are selected to reduce life-cycle emissions, waste, and antimicrobial pressures—showing how ecological considerations can be integrated without compromising patient or population outcomes. The proposal aligns with contemporary regulatory strategies that recommend a One Health lens and invites a practical recalibration of public health policy: expand evaluative criteria, embed ecological reasoning in decision processes, and align clinical benefit with long-term planetary stewardship. Weak anthropocentrism thus offers a workable, ethically coherent route to extend “do no harm” beyond humans while remaining faithful to the core commitments of both clinical care and public health.

“一种健康”话语正确地强调了人-动物-环境的相互依存关系，但其规范基础可能薄弱，往往默认为强烈的人类中心主义，只重视非人类和生态系统。这一观点侧重于临床决策，并提出了从强人类中心主义到弱人类中心主义的转变。弱人类中心主义坚持以人为中心的使命，支撑着医学和公共卫生，同时要求适度、伤害最小和代际责任，承认生态系统和非人类生命的内在价值——而不仅仅是工具价值。该框架以One Health的系统思维为基础，提供了一种务实的方法，而不是激进地转向生物中心主义或生态中心主义，它承认在One Health内部正在进行的关于审慎与激进解释的辩论。我们说明了绿色肿瘤学的可行性，选择临床等效的选择来减少生命周期的排放、浪费和抗微生物压力，展示了如何在不损害患者或人群结果的情况下整合生态考虑。该提案与推荐“一个健康”镜头的当代监管战略保持一致，并邀请对公共卫生政策进行实际的重新校准：扩大评估标准，在决策过程中嵌入生态推理，并将临床效益与长期的地球管理相结合。因此，弱人类中心主义提供了一条可行的、道德上连贯的路线，将“不伤害”延伸到人类之外，同时忠实于临床护理和公共卫生的核心承诺。

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Antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella: One Health perspective on global food safety challenges 沙门氏菌的抗微生物药物耐药性：全球食品安全挑战的健康视角

Science in One Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2025.100117

Rahul Kumar , Nurudeen Olatunbosun Adeyemi , Sourav Chattaraj , Wiem Alloun , A.K.A.N.W.M.R.K. Thamarsha , Snežana Anđelković , Debasis Mitra , Pankaj Gautam

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Salmonella is a major concern in terms of human health, environmental sustainability, and global food security. Salmonella, the world's most prevalent foodborne pathogen, has gradually gained resistance to important drugs, complicating treatment efforts and leading to rising morbidity, mortality, and economic costs. Overuse of antibiotics in human medicine and agriculture, inadequate regulatory compliance, and environmental pollution from agricultural runoff and treated sewage all contribute to the growth and spread of AMR in Salmonella. Health as well as viewpoints on environmental, animal, and human health will be required to address this complicated problem. This includes promoting reasonable antibiotic use, improving global surveillance systems, and researching novel treatments including phage therapy, probiotics, and new antibiotics. Proposals for vaccination and precise food safety standards are critical for limiting Salmonella transmission across the food chain. Despite significant progress, critical research gaps continue, specifically in understanding the molecular basis of resistance and the role of environmental practices. However, contemporary research endeavors are concentrated on identifying and comprehending the prevalence of extensively drug-resistant Salmonella strains, elucidating the bacterium's defense mechanisms against antibiotics, and investigating outbreaks associated with vegetables. Global surveillance, the development of alternative therapies, and the implementation of stricter antibiotic policies are essential strategies in addressing AMR in Salmonella. Additionally, policy design and implementation, capacity building in low- and middle-income countries, and raising public awareness all necessitate urgent global collaboration among governments, international agencies, non-governmental organizations, and the corporate sector. Stricter regulations on overuse of antibiotics in agriculture is also called for. This review highlights the importance of multi-disciplinary struggles in engaging Salmonella, as integrated resolutions through a One Health approach are crucial for ensuring food safety, preserving public health, and minimizing the worldwide threat of AMR.

沙门氏菌的抗微生物药物耐药性（AMR）是人类健康、环境可持续性和全球粮食安全方面的一个主要问题。沙门氏菌是世界上最普遍的食源性病原体，已逐渐对重要药物产生耐药性，使治疗工作复杂化，并导致发病率、死亡率和经济成本上升。在人类医学和农业中过度使用抗生素，不充分遵守法规，以及农业径流和处理过的污水造成的环境污染，都有助于沙门氏菌中抗生素耐药性的生长和传播。要解决这个复杂的问题，就需要健康以及对环境、动物和人类健康的看法。这包括促进合理使用抗生素，改善全球监测系统，以及研究新的治疗方法，包括噬菌体治疗、益生菌和新的抗生素。疫苗接种建议和精确的食品安全标准对于限制沙门氏菌在整个食物链中的传播至关重要。尽管取得了重大进展，但关键的研究差距仍然存在，特别是在了解耐药性的分子基础和环境实践的作用方面。然而，当代的研究努力集中在识别和理解广泛耐药沙门氏菌菌株的流行，阐明细菌对抗生素的防御机制，以及调查与蔬菜有关的爆发。全球监测、开发替代疗法和实施更严格的抗生素政策是解决沙门氏菌耐药性的基本策略。此外，政策设计和实施、低收入和中等收入国家的能力建设以及提高公众意识都需要政府、国际机构、非政府组织和企业部门之间的紧急全球合作。还呼吁对农业中过度使用抗生素采取更严格的规定。这篇综述强调了多学科斗争在处理沙门氏菌方面的重要性，因为通过“同一个健康”方法的综合解决方案对于确保食品安全、维护公众健康和最大限度地减少抗生素耐药性的全球威胁至关重要。

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Science in One Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

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Science in One Health

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