Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2024.100077
Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat that requires actions through One Health intervention. This study aims to trace the historical development of One Health research on AMR to provide evidence supporting future research and actions.
Methods
A bibliometric analysis is conducted with One Health articles in the field of antimicrobial resistance (AMR-OH articles) retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). AMR-OH articles refer to articles in the field of AMR that simultaneously involve elements from human health and at least one other domain, including animals, environment, or plants. Three research periods were identified based on the development of global actions in combating AMR. Descriptive analysis of publications, keyword cluster analysis, annual trending topic analysis, and co-authorship analysis were conducted using R software, VOSViewer, and Pajek.
Results
The results indicated that the percentage of AMR-OH articles among all AMR articles increased from 5.21% in 1990 to 20.01% in 2023. Key topics in the current AMR-OH articles included the mechanism of AMR, AMR epidemiology, and public health control strategies. Epidemiological research initially focused on human and animal health and then shifted to environmental factors in the third period. Research at the molecular level focused on the mechanisms of AMR transmission in various domains, along with the dynamics and diversity of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The co-authorship analysis suggested a significant increase in cooperation among low- and middle-income countries in the third period.
Conclusion
The scope of epidemiological research on AMR has expanded by including human, animal, and environmental areas. Moreover, genetic and molecular level research represents the forefront of this field, offering innovative tools to combat AMR in the future. This study suggests further research to translate existing findings into practical implementation of the One Health strategy, and to support globally consistent action in combating AMR.
背景抗菌素耐药性(AMR)是一种全球性的公共卫生威胁,需要通过 "一体健康 "干预措施采取行动。本研究旨在追溯有关 AMR 的 "一体健康 "研究的历史发展,为未来的研究和行动提供证据支持。方法对从科学网核心数据库(WoSCC)检索到的抗菌素耐药性领域的 "一体健康 "文章(AMR-OH 文章)进行文献计量分析。AMR-OH 文章是指同时涉及人类健康和至少一个其他领域(包括动物、环境或植物)的 AMR 领域文章。根据全球抗击 AMR 行动的发展情况,确定了三个研究时期。结果表明,AMR-OH 文章在所有 AMR 文章中所占比例从 1990 年的 5.21% 增加到 2023 年的 20.01%。当前 AMR-OH 文章的主要话题包括 AMR 的机制、AMR 流行病学和公共卫生控制策略。流行病学研究最初侧重于人类和动物健康,然后在第三个时期转向环境因素。分子层面的研究侧重于 AMR 在各个领域的传播机制,以及抗生素耐药基因 (ARG) 的动态和多样性。共同作者分析表明,第三阶段中低收入国家之间的合作显著增加。此外,基因和分子水平的研究代表了这一领域的前沿,为未来抗击 AMR 提供了创新工具。本研究建议进一步开展研究,将现有研究成果转化为 "一个健康 "战略的实际实施,并支持全球采取一致行动抗击 AMR。
{"title":"A bibliometric analysis of One Health approach in research on antimicrobial resistance","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2024.100077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soh.2024.100077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat that requires actions through One Health intervention. This study aims to trace the historical development of One Health research on AMR to provide evidence supporting future research and actions.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A bibliometric analysis is conducted with One Health articles in the field of antimicrobial resistance (AMR-OH articles) retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). AMR-OH articles refer to articles in the field of AMR that simultaneously involve elements from human health and at least one other domain, including animals, environment, or plants. Three research periods were identified based on the development of global actions in combating AMR. Descriptive analysis of publications, keyword cluster analysis, annual trending topic analysis, and co-authorship analysis were conducted using R software, <em>V</em><em>OSV</em><em>iewer</em>, and <em>Pajek</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results indicated that the percentage of AMR-OH articles among all AMR articles increased from 5.21% in 1990 to 20.01% in 2023. Key topics in the current AMR-OH articles included the mechanism of AMR, AMR epidemiology, and public health control strategies. Epidemiological research initially focused on human and animal health and then shifted to environmental factors in the third period. Research at the molecular level focused on the mechanisms of AMR transmission in various domains, along with the dynamics and diversity of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The co-authorship analysis suggested a significant increase in cooperation among low- and middle-income countries in the third period.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The scope of epidemiological research on AMR has expanded by including human, animal, and environmental areas. Moreover, genetic and molecular level research represents the forefront of this field, offering innovative tools to combat AMR in the future. This study suggests further research to translate existing findings into practical implementation of the One Health strategy, and to support globally consistent action in combating AMR.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949704324000167/pdfft?md5=2a35734a2925e2e0fda0ac9afddcdb69&pid=1-s2.0-S2949704324000167-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142239975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2024.100063
Sonu Adhikari , Sarita Phuyal , AbdulRahman A. Saied, Asmaa A. Metwally, Krishna Prasad Acharya
{"title":"Irrational use of colistin sulfate in poultry and domestic animals in Nepal-an emerging public health crisis","authors":"Sonu Adhikari , Sarita Phuyal , AbdulRahman A. Saied, Asmaa A. Metwally, Krishna Prasad Acharya","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2024.100063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soh.2024.100063","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949704324000027/pdfft?md5=980cf8c8bc4ec2c07e53af43401cbfe6&pid=1-s2.0-S2949704324000027-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139883806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2024.100071
Background
Camels, known as the enduring “ships of the desert,” host a complex gut microbiota that plays a crucial role in their survival in extreme environments. However, amidst the fascinating discoveries about the camel gut microbiota, concerns about antibiotic resistance have emerged as a significant global challenge affecting both human and animal populations. Indeed, the continued use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine has led to the widespread emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which has worsened through gene transfer.
Methodology
This study offers a deeper examination of this pressing issue by harnessing the potent tools of metagenomics to explore the intricate interplay between the camel (Camelus ferus) gut microbiota and antibiotic resistance.
Results
Samples from wild camels yielded varying amounts of raw and clean data, generating scaftigs and open reading frames. The camel fecal microbiome was dominated by bacteria (mainly Bacillota and Bacteriodota), followed by viruses, archaea, and eukaryota. The most abundant genera were the Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, and Clostridium. Functional annotation revealed enriched pathways in metabolism, genetic information processing, and cellular processes, with key pathways involving carbohydrate transport and metabolism, replication, and amino acid transport. CAZy database analysis showed high abundances of glycoside hydrolases and glycosyl transferases. Antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) analysis identified Bacillota and Bacteroidota as the main reservoirs, with vancomycin resistance genes being the most prevalent. This study identified three major resistance mechanisms: antibiotic target alteration, antibiotic target protection, and antibiotic efflux.
Conclusion
These findings contribute to a broader understanding of antibiotic resistance within animal microbiomes and provide a foundation for further investigations of strategies to manage and mitigate antibiotic resistance.
{"title":"Beyond the desert sands: Decoding the relationship between camels, gut microbiota, and antibiotic resistance through metagenomics","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2024.100071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soh.2024.100071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Camels, known as the enduring “ships of the desert,” host a complex gut microbiota that plays a crucial role in their survival in extreme environments. However, amidst the fascinating discoveries about the camel gut microbiota, concerns about antibiotic resistance have emerged as a significant global challenge affecting both human and animal populations. Indeed, the continued use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine has led to the widespread emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which has worsened through gene transfer.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>This study offers a deeper examination of this pressing issue by harnessing the potent tools of metagenomics to explore the intricate interplay between the camel (<em>Camelus ferus</em>) gut microbiota and antibiotic resistance.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Samples from wild camels yielded varying amounts of raw and clean data, generating scaftigs and open reading frames. The camel fecal microbiome was dominated by bacteria (mainly <em>Bacillota</em> and <em>Bacteriodota</em>), followed by viruses, archaea, and eukaryota. The most abundant genera were the <em>Bacteroides</em>, <em>Ruminococcus</em>, and <em>Clostridium</em>. Functional annotation revealed enriched pathways in metabolism, genetic information processing, and cellular processes, with key pathways involving carbohydrate transport and metabolism, replication, and amino acid transport. CAZy database analysis showed high abundances of glycoside hydrolases and glycosyl transferases. Antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) analysis identified <em>Bacillota</em> and <em>Bacteroidota</em> as the main reservoirs, with vancomycin resistance genes being the most prevalent. This study identified three major resistance mechanisms: antibiotic target alteration, antibiotic target protection, and antibiotic efflux.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These findings contribute to a broader understanding of antibiotic resistance within animal microbiomes and provide a foundation for further investigations of strategies to manage and mitigate antibiotic resistance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949704324000106/pdfft?md5=350ac80b991229580d52a9802741b9e5&pid=1-s2.0-S2949704324000106-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141708934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2024.100064
Qiyu Zhang , Jingshu Liu , Lefei Han , Xinchen Li , Chensheng Zhang , Zhaoyu Guo , Anqi Chao , Chenxi Wang , Erya Wan , Fumin Chen , Hanqing Zhao , Jiaxin Feng , Jingbo Xue , Lulu Huang , Jin Chen , Zhishan Sun , Zile Cheng , Jingxian Yin , Zhengze He , Liangyu Huang , Xiao-Nong Zhou
Background
In the 21st century, as globalization accelerates and global public health crises occur, the One Health approach, guided by the holistic thinking of human-animal-environment and emphasizing interdisciplinary collaboration to address global health issues, has been strongly advocated by the international community. An immediate requirement exists for the creation of an assessment tool to foster One Health initiatives on both global and national scales.
Methods
Built upon extensive expert consultations and dialogues, this follow-up study enhances the 2022 global One Health index (GOHI) indicator system. The GOHI framework is enriched by covering three indices, e.g. external drivers index (EDI), intrinsic drivers index (IDI), and core drivers index (CDI). The comprehensive indicator system incorporates 13 key indicators, 50 indicators, and 170 sub I-indicators, utilizing a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to ascertain the weight for each indicator. Weighted and summed, the EDI, IDI, and CDI scores contribute to the computation of the overall GOHI 2022 score. By comparing the ranking and the overall scores among the seven regions and across 160 countries/territories, we have not only derived an overall profile of the GOHI 2022 scores, but also assessed the GOHI framework. We also compared rankings of indicators and sub I-indicators to provide greater clarity on the strengths and weaknesses of each region within the One Health domains.
Results
The GOHI 2022 performance reveals significant disparities between countries/territories ranged from 39.03 to 70.61. The global average score of the GOHI 2022 is 54.82. The average score for EDI, IDI, and CDI are 46.57, 58.01, and 57.25, respectively. In terms of global rankings, countries from North America, Europe and Central Asia, East Asia and Pacific present higher scores. In terms of One Health domains of CDI, the lowest scores are observed in antimicrobial resistance (median: 43.09), followed by food security (median: 53.78), governance (median: 54.77), climate change (median: 64.12) and zoonotic diseases (median: 69.23). Globally, the scores of GOHI vary spatially, with the highest score in North America while lowest in sub-Saharan Africa. In addition, evidence shows associations between the socio–demographic profile of countries/territories and their GOHI performance in certain One Health scenarios.
Conclusion
The objective of GOHI is to guide impactful strategies for enhancing capacity building in One Health. With advanced technology and an annually updated database, intensifying efforts to refine GOHI's data-mining methodologies become imperative. The goal is to offer profound insights into disparities and progressions in practical One Health implementation, particularly in anticipation of future pandemics.
{"title":"How far has the globe gone in achieving One Health? Current evidence and policy implications based on global One Health index","authors":"Qiyu Zhang , Jingshu Liu , Lefei Han , Xinchen Li , Chensheng Zhang , Zhaoyu Guo , Anqi Chao , Chenxi Wang , Erya Wan , Fumin Chen , Hanqing Zhao , Jiaxin Feng , Jingbo Xue , Lulu Huang , Jin Chen , Zhishan Sun , Zile Cheng , Jingxian Yin , Zhengze He , Liangyu Huang , Xiao-Nong Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2024.100064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soh.2024.100064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In the 21st century, as globalization accelerates and global public health crises occur, the One Health approach, guided by the holistic thinking of human-animal-environment and emphasizing interdisciplinary collaboration to address global health issues, has been strongly advocated by the international community. An immediate requirement exists for the creation of an assessment tool to foster One Health initiatives on both global and national scales.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Built upon extensive expert consultations and dialogues, this follow-up study enhances the 2022 global One Health index (GOHI) indicator system. The GOHI framework is enriched by covering three indices, e.g. external drivers index (EDI), intrinsic drivers index (IDI), and core drivers index (CDI). The comprehensive indicator system incorporates 13 key indicators, 50 indicators, and 170 sub I-indicators, utilizing a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to ascertain the weight for each indicator. Weighted and summed, the EDI, IDI, and CDI scores contribute to the computation of the overall GOHI 2022 score. By comparing the ranking and the overall scores among the seven regions and across 160 countries/territories, we have not only derived an overall profile of the GOHI 2022 scores, but also assessed the GOHI framework. We also compared rankings of indicators and sub I-indicators to provide greater clarity on the strengths and weaknesses of each region within the One Health domains.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The GOHI 2022 performance reveals significant disparities between countries/territories ranged from 39.03 to 70.61. The global average score of the GOHI 2022 is 54.82. The average score for EDI, IDI, and CDI are 46.57, 58.01, and 57.25, respectively. In terms of global rankings, countries from North America, Europe and Central Asia, East Asia and Pacific present higher scores. In terms of One Health domains of CDI, the lowest scores are observed in antimicrobial resistance (median: 43.09), followed by food security (median: 53.78), governance (median: 54.77), climate change (median: 64.12) and zoonotic diseases (median: 69.23). Globally, the scores of GOHI vary spatially, with the highest score in North America while lowest in sub-Saharan Africa. In addition, evidence shows associations between the socio–demographic profile of countries/territories and their GOHI performance in certain One Health scenarios.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The objective of GOHI is to guide impactful strategies for enhancing capacity building in One Health. With advanced technology and an annually updated database, intensifying efforts to refine GOHI's data-mining methodologies become imperative. The goal is to offer profound insights into disparities and progressions in practical One Health implementation, particularly in anticipation of future pandemics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949704324000039/pdfft?md5=23c7efab80afed9b864b08486e590e15&pid=1-s2.0-S2949704324000039-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140339463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2024.100074
In sub-Saharan Africa, limited studies have investigated zoonotic pathogens that may be harboured by ticks infesting reptiles such as tortoises. Here, we report the presence of pathogenic Rickettsia in ticks (Amblyomma marmoreum) collected from the leopard tortoise (Geochelone pardalis) in rural Zambia. Using polymerase chain reaction, 56% (49/87) of ticks were positive for the Rickettsia outer membrane protein (ompB) gene. Multi-locus sequence and phylogenetic analysis based on the ompB, ompA, and citrate synthase (gltA) genes showed that the ticks carried R. africae, and other Rickettsia spp. closely related to R.raoultii, R.massiliae, R.tamurae and R.monacensis. Given the proximity between humans, livestock, and wildlife in these habitats, there exists a considerable risk of transmission of zoonotic Rickettsia to human populations in this rural setting. These results call for heightened awareness and further research into the dynamics of tick-borne diseases in regions where humans and animals coexist, particularly in the context of tortoise-associated ticks as vectors. Understanding and addressing these potential disease vectors is crucial for effective public health measures and the prevention of Rickettsia zoonoses.
在撒哈拉以南的非洲地区,对陆龟等爬行动物所患蜱虫可能携带的人畜共患病病原体的研究十分有限。在这里,我们报告了从赞比亚农村地区的豹纹陆龟(Geochelone pardalis)身上采集到的蜱虫(Amblyomma marmoreum)中存在致病立克次体。通过聚合酶链反应,56%(49/87)的蜱对立克次体外膜蛋白(ompB)基因呈阳性反应。基于 ompB、ompA 和柠檬酸合成酶(gltA)基因的多焦点序列和系统进化分析表明,蜱携带非洲立克次体以及与 R. raoultii、R. massiliae、R. tamurae 和 R. monacensis 关系密切的其他立克次体属。鉴于这些栖息地中人、牲畜和野生动物之间的距离很近,在这种农村环境中,人畜共患病立克次体传播给人类的风险相当大。这些结果呼吁人们提高对蜱传疾病动态的认识,并进一步研究人与动物共存地区的蜱传疾病动态,特别是龟类相关蜱作为病媒的情况。了解并解决这些潜在的疾病传播媒介对于采取有效的公共卫生措施和预防立克次体人畜共患病至关重要。
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Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2024.100076
The Marburg virus (MARV), belonging to the Filoviridae family, poses a significant global health threat, emphasizing the urgency to develop Marburg virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines for outbreak mitigation. The virus's menacing traits accentuate the need for such vaccines, which can be addressed by VLPs that mimic its structure safely, potentially overcoming past limitations. Early Marburg vaccine endeavors and their challenges are examined in the historical perspectives section, followed by an exploration of VLPs as transformative tools, capable of eliciting immune responses without conventional risks. Noteworthy milestones and achievements in Marburg VLP vaccine development, seen through preclinical and clinical trials, indicate potential cross-protection. Ongoing challenges, encompassing durability, strain diversity, and equitable distribution, are addressed, with proposed innovations like novel adjuvant, mRNA technology, and structure-based design poised to enhance Marburg VLP vaccines. This review highlights the transformative potential of Marburg VLPs in countering the virus, showcasing global collaboration, regulatory roles, and health equity for a safer future through the harmonious interplay of science, regulation, and global efforts.
{"title":"Strengthening global health resilience: Marburg virus-like particle vaccines and the One Health approach","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2024.100076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soh.2024.100076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Marburg virus (MARV), belonging to the <em>Filoviridae</em> family, poses a significant global health threat, emphasizing the urgency to develop Marburg virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines for outbreak mitigation. The virus's menacing traits accentuate the need for such vaccines, which can be addressed by VLPs that mimic its structure safely, potentially overcoming past limitations. Early Marburg vaccine endeavors and their challenges are examined in the historical perspectives section, followed by an exploration of VLPs as transformative tools, capable of eliciting immune responses without conventional risks. Noteworthy milestones and achievements in Marburg VLP vaccine development, seen through preclinical and clinical trials, indicate potential cross-protection. Ongoing challenges, encompassing durability, strain diversity, and equitable distribution, are addressed, with proposed innovations like novel adjuvant, mRNA technology, and structure-based design poised to enhance Marburg VLP vaccines. This review highlights the transformative potential of Marburg VLPs in countering the virus, showcasing global collaboration, regulatory roles, and health equity for a safer future through the harmonious interplay of science, regulation, and global efforts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949704324000155/pdfft?md5=58d1a104b216cf2fd28b5b255f4989ad&pid=1-s2.0-S2949704324000155-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2024.100078
The World Health Organization established International Health Regulations (IHRs) to give nations a legal framework for preventing, identifying, and responding to public health threats of international concern. On the other hand, One Health advocates for integrated approaches to health risks, acknowledging the interdependence of human, animal, and ecosystem health. By integrating these frameworks, stakeholders can leverage their respective strengths to enhance surveillance, early detection, and response mechanisms, as well as promote sustainable development and resilience against emerging health threats. This article explores the shared objectives, interconnectedness of health systems, collaborative mechanisms, and capacity-building initiatives that indicate the synergistic effects of IHRs and One Health in safeguarding global health security.
{"title":"The synergies between international health regulations and One Health in safeguarding global health security","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2024.100078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soh.2024.100078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The World Health Organization established International Health Regulations (IHRs) to give nations a legal framework for preventing, identifying, and responding to public health threats of international concern. On the other hand, One Health advocates for integrated approaches to health risks, acknowledging the interdependence of human, animal, and ecosystem health. By integrating these frameworks, stakeholders can leverage their respective strengths to enhance surveillance, early detection, and response mechanisms, as well as promote sustainable development and resilience against emerging health threats. This article explores the shared objectives, interconnectedness of health systems, collaborative mechanisms, and capacity-building initiatives that indicate the synergistic effects of IHRs and One Health in safeguarding global health security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2024.100075
Background
Understanding the global burden of enteric infections is crucial for prioritizing control strategies for foodborne and waterborne diseases. This study aimed to assess the global burden of enteric infections in 2021 and identify risk factors from One Health aspects.
Methods
Leveraging the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database, the incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and deaths of enteric infections and the subtypes were estimated, including diarrheal diseases, typhoid and paratyphoid fever, invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) infections, and other intestinal infectious diseases. The estimates were quantified by absolute number, age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALY rate with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Thirteen pathogens and three risk factors associated with diarrheal diseases were analyzed.
Results
In 2021, the global age-standardized DALY rate of enteric infections was 1020.15 per 100,000 popultion (95% UI: 822.70–1259.39 per 100,000 population) with an estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of −4.11% (95% confidence interval: −4.31% to −3.90%) in 1990–2021. A larger burden was observed in regions with lower Socio-demographic index (SDI) levels. Diarrheal disease was the most serious subtype with Western Sub-Saharan Africa exhibiting the highest age-standardized DALY rate (2769.81 per 100,000 population, 95% UI: 1976.80–3674.41 per 100,000 population). Children under 5 and adults over 65 years suffered more from diarrheal diseases with the former experiencing the highest global age-standardized DALY rate (9382.46 per 100,000 population, 95% UI: 6771.76–13,075.12 per 100,000 population). Rotavirus remained the leading cause of diarrheal diseases despite a cross-year decline in the observed age-standardized DALY rate. Unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing contributed most to the disease burden.
Conclusion
The reduced burden of enteric infections suggested the effectiveness of previous control strategies; however, more efforts should be made in vulnerable regions and populations through a One Health approach.
{"title":"Global burden of enteric infections related foodborne diseases, 1990–2021: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2024.100075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soh.2024.100075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Understanding the global burden of enteric infections is crucial for prioritizing control strategies for foodborne and waterborne diseases. This study aimed to assess the global burden of enteric infections in 2021 and identify risk factors from One Health aspects.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Leveraging the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database, the incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and deaths of enteric infections and the subtypes were estimated, including diarrheal diseases, typhoid and paratyphoid fever, invasive non-typhoidal <em>Salmonella</em> (iNTS) infections, and other intestinal infectious diseases. The estimates were quantified by absolute number, age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALY rate with 95% uncertainty intervals (<em>UI</em>s). Thirteen pathogens and three risk factors associated with diarrheal diseases were analyzed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In 2021, the global age-standardized DALY rate of enteric infections was 1020.15 per 100,000 popultion (95% <em>UI</em>: 822.70–1259.39 per 100,000 population) with an estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of −4.11% (95% confidence interval: −4.31% to −3.90%) in 1990–2021. A larger burden was observed in regions with lower Socio-demographic index (SDI) levels. Diarrheal disease was the most serious subtype with Western Sub-Saharan Africa exhibiting the highest age-standardized DALY rate (2769.81 per 100,000 population, 95% <em>UI</em>: 1976.80–3674.41 per 100,000 population). Children under 5 and adults over 65 years suffered more from diarrheal diseases with the former experiencing the highest global age-standardized DALY rate (9382.46 per 100,000 population, 95% <em>UI</em>: 6771.76–13,075.12 per 100,000 population). Rotavirus remained the leading cause of diarrheal diseases despite a cross-year decline in the observed age-standardized DALY rate. Unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing contributed most to the disease burden.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The reduced burden of enteric infections suggested the effectiveness of previous control strategies; however, more efforts should be made in vulnerable regions and populations through a One Health approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949704324000143/pdfft?md5=c0459424185bbcb2edd4a1d74042b82c&pid=1-s2.0-S2949704324000143-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142089334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2023.100052
Ishaku Leo Elisha , Arieri Onikisateinba , Ganih Saidu Joel , Pam Dachung Luka , Barde Israel Joshua , Shuaibu Hafsat Jagab , Rabi Ahmed , Habibu Haliru , Sa’adatu Aliyu Abubakar , Sunday Makama , Ngulukun Samuel Sati , Maryam Muhammad
Anthrax is a zoonotic bacterial disease caused by Bacillus anthracis. It poses significant threat to humans through contact with infected animals or their by-products. Concerns arise from its long-lasting spore viability and lethality, fuelling its biowarfare potential. Recent anthrax outbreaks across multiple African nations prompted this bibliometric study. The aim of the study was to assess the contributions of African countries, institutions, authors, research funding, and collaborations, while identifying research trends and gaps. We conducted an extensive bibliometric analysis of anthrax-related research publications in Africa from 1923 to 2023, utilizing the Scopus database and VOSviewer. The study covered 364 publications from 32 African countries, accumulating 5,636 citations at an average of 15.5 citations per article, with research articles comprising 88.5% of the corpus. The publication growth rate from 1923 to 2023 was modest at 8.3%, indicating gradual advancement. Notably, there was a significant surge in publications between 2011 and 2023, accounting for 73.1% of total publications. The African research contributions, were categorized into five thematic focuses: ecological dynamics and host interactions, human–livestock anthrax interface, molecular insights into bacterial activity and treatment strategies, collaborative approaches for zoonotic disease prevention, and antibody response and vaccination strategies. Leading institutional contributors included the University of Pretoria and the University of KwaZulu-Natal. Collaborations extended globally to 35 non-African countries, with significant involvement from the United States, United Kingdom, and Germany. Strong African partnerships, especially between Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa, emerged. The top 10 cited papers explored diverse aspects, including disease impact on wildlife and innovative control strategies, underscoring the importance of multidisciplinary approaches. South Africa played a prominent role, contributing 95 publications and securing funding from various sources, including the National Research Foundation. Collaborations with global institutions highlighted its commitment. This study unveils the dynamic landscape of anthrax research in Africa, emphasizing the pivotal role of collaboration, multidisciplinary One Health approaches, and global partnerships in enhancing research outcomes. Ongoing research and practical solutions for human and animal health remain imperative.
{"title":"Unveiling the global reach of African anthrax research: A bibliometric study","authors":"Ishaku Leo Elisha , Arieri Onikisateinba , Ganih Saidu Joel , Pam Dachung Luka , Barde Israel Joshua , Shuaibu Hafsat Jagab , Rabi Ahmed , Habibu Haliru , Sa’adatu Aliyu Abubakar , Sunday Makama , Ngulukun Samuel Sati , Maryam Muhammad","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2023.100052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soh.2023.100052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Anthrax is a zoonotic bacterial disease caused by <em>Bacillus anthracis</em>. It poses significant threat to humans through contact with infected animals or their by-products. Concerns arise from its long-lasting spore viability and lethality, fuelling its biowarfare potential. Recent anthrax outbreaks across multiple African nations prompted this bibliometric study. The aim of the study was to assess the contributions of African countries, institutions, authors, research funding, and collaborations, while identifying research trends and gaps. We conducted an extensive bibliometric analysis of anthrax-related research publications in Africa from 1923 to 2023, utilizing the Scopus database and VOSviewer. The study covered 364 publications from 32 African countries, accumulating 5,636 citations at an average of 15.5 citations per article, with research articles comprising 88.5% of the corpus. The publication growth rate from 1923 to 2023 was modest at 8.3%, indicating gradual advancement. Notably, there was a significant surge in publications between 2011 and 2023, accounting for 73.1% of total publications. The African research contributions, were categorized into five thematic focuses: ecological dynamics and host interactions, human–livestock anthrax interface, molecular insights into bacterial activity and treatment strategies, collaborative approaches for zoonotic disease prevention, and antibody response and vaccination strategies. Leading institutional contributors included the University of Pretoria and the University of KwaZulu-Natal. Collaborations extended globally to 35 non-African countries, with significant involvement from the United States, United Kingdom, and Germany. Strong African partnerships, especially between Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa, emerged. The top 10 cited papers explored diverse aspects, including disease impact on wildlife and innovative control strategies, underscoring the importance of multidisciplinary approaches. South Africa played a prominent role, contributing 95 publications and securing funding from various sources, including the National Research Foundation. Collaborations with global institutions highlighted its commitment. This study unveils the dynamic landscape of anthrax research in Africa, emphasizing the pivotal role of collaboration, multidisciplinary One Health approaches, and global partnerships in enhancing research outcomes. Ongoing research and practical solutions for human and animal health remain imperative.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S294970432300046X/pdfft?md5=788907cdc6570262d882540c3278ae8c&pid=1-s2.0-S294970432300046X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138467662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2023.100017
Marli do Carmo Cupertino , Ana Nery Dias Freitas , Gabriela Silva Barbosa Meira , Pedro Arthur Machado da Silva , Sarah de Souza Pires , Tamires de Abreu Cosendey , Tapharell Miranda Fernandes , Nicholas Alfred Joseph Mayers , Rodrigo Siqueira-Batista
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans has zoonotic tendencies, which can potentially provoke cross-species transmission, including human-to-animal and animal-to-human infection. Consequently, the objective was to analyze the scientific evidence regarding SARS-CoV-2 animal infections from potential human transmission. A systematic review was executed following the PRISMA guidelines, in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar and LILACS, using the descriptors combined in the following way: ((“SARS-CoV-2” OR “COVID-19” OR “2019-nCoV”) AND (animals OR zoonosis)). The results contemplated the viral susceptibility of about thirty animal species when induced naturally and/or experimentally. The mink & hamster species demonstrated ostensible animal-to-human transmission. Overall, there have been more reports of human contamination by other species than human retransmission from the pathogen. The natural infection of the virus was discovered in domestic dogs & cats, wild cats, deer, minks, rabbits and hamsters. Several animals, including the African green monkeys and rabbits, manifested high levels of viremia, respiratory secretions and fecal excretions of infectious virus conducive to environmental/aerosol transmission. It is still inadequately documented the intrinsic role of such processes, such as the animals' involvement in viral mutations, the emergence of new variants/lineages and the role of the animal host species. Accordingly, this research model type, natural and experimental analysis on varying animal species, corroborates the link between the two aforementioned forms of transmission. Epidemiological surveillance through extensive sequencing of the viral genomes of infected animals and humans can reveal the SARS-CoV-2 transmission routes and anticipate appropriate prophylactic strategies.
{"title":"COVID-19 and One Health: Potential role of human and animals in SARS-CoV-2 life cycle","authors":"Marli do Carmo Cupertino , Ana Nery Dias Freitas , Gabriela Silva Barbosa Meira , Pedro Arthur Machado da Silva , Sarah de Souza Pires , Tamires de Abreu Cosendey , Tapharell Miranda Fernandes , Nicholas Alfred Joseph Mayers , Rodrigo Siqueira-Batista","doi":"10.1016/j.soh.2023.100017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soh.2023.100017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans has zoonotic tendencies, which can potentially provoke cross-species transmission, including human-to-animal and animal-to-human infection. Consequently, the objective was to analyze the scientific evidence regarding SARS-CoV-2 animal infections from potential human transmission. A systematic review was executed following the PRISMA guidelines, in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar and LILACS, using the descriptors combined in the following way: ((“SARS-CoV-2” OR “COVID-19” OR “2019-nCoV”) AND (animals OR zoonosis)). The results contemplated the viral susceptibility of about thirty animal species when induced naturally and/or experimentally. The mink & hamster species demonstrated ostensible animal-to-human transmission. Overall, there have been more reports of human contamination by other species than human retransmission from the pathogen. The natural infection of the virus was discovered in domestic dogs & cats, wild cats, deer, minks, rabbits and hamsters. Several animals, including the African green monkeys and rabbits, manifested high levels of viremia, respiratory secretions and fecal excretions of infectious virus conducive to environmental/aerosol transmission. It is still inadequately documented the intrinsic role of such processes, such as the animals' involvement in viral mutations, the emergence of new variants/lineages and the role of the animal host species. Accordingly, this research model type, natural and experimental analysis on varying animal species, corroborates the link between the two aforementioned forms of transmission. Epidemiological surveillance through extensive sequencing of the viral genomes of infected animals and humans can reveal the SARS-CoV-2 transmission routes and anticipate appropriate prophylactic strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101146,"journal":{"name":"Science in One Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49706940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}