I. The passage of the sheep-pox virus made through rabbit's testicles in successive inoculations of a piece of testicular tissues of each generation of which the first one having been inoculated intratesticularily with the skin eruptions, nodules of the lung, blood, lymphatic glands or bone-marrow obtained from an infected sheep may, upon the first or the third generation at the latest, present the typical lesions as the usual cow-pox virus does upon testicles of this animal. These lesions become more and more pronounced as the generations go on.II. The testicular emulsion on the first generation remains always inert by the cutaneous inoculations upon calves, but the same after 2-4 passages at the latest, form the typical vesicles exactly same and indistinguishable from one produced by common cow-pox, which is seen more and more marked as the generations step on, fairly corresponding with the macroscopic changes in testicles.III. The lymph prepared by the usual method from the vesicles produced on a calf with sheep-pox virus, which was passed through rabbit's testicles, may form on the skin of primary vaccinating infants the beautiful vesicles exactly similar to that of usual vaccine lymph.IV. The immunity against common cow-pox virus rendered the rabbits, which were previously used for the sheep-pox passages, is found, about three weeks after the intratesticular inoculations, gradually becoming complete with the progress of generation, although no trace of immunity could be demonstrated in the first generation.V. Powerful common cow-pox lymph effects absolutely inactive on a calf, which was inoculated with sheep-pox virus of 3-4 intratesticular passages in rabbits 16-20 days before, that is to say, the sheep-pox virus after passing through rabbit's testicles, differing from its original virus, maintain a complete immunizing property against cow-pox virus.VI. The sheep-pox virus after intratesticular passages in rabbits considerably decreases its pathogenic character to sheep, as far as if with usual cow-pox virus.VII. Sheep 19-20 days after having been inoculated with sheep-pox virus passed through rabbits intratesticularily are, by intravenous injection of the sheep-pox virus, typically affected with sheep-pox with exactly same incubation period as the untreated control, only remaining alive while the latter died of the disease after a week, and although it may still be beyond the determination as this minor number of the experimental animals would not stand for, that it is due to the fact of the incomplete immunization by the sheep-pox virus passed intratesticularily in rabbits, at least so far may be said with certainty, that the sheep-pox virus, after being passed through rabbit's testicles, renders the animal immune against the common cow-pox virus, losing, at the same time, the majority of its immunizing property against the original sheep-pox virus.VIII. The sheep-pox virus is found transformed, as the above described experiments approve,
{"title":"TRANSFORMATION OF THE SHEEP-POX VIRUS INTO THE VACCINIA VIRUS BY MEANS OF TESTICULAR PASSAGE OF RABBITS","authors":"N. Kii, H. Kasai","doi":"10.1292/JVMS1922.6.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1292/JVMS1922.6.121","url":null,"abstract":"I. The passage of the sheep-pox virus made through rabbit's testicles in successive inoculations of a piece of testicular tissues of each generation of which the first one having been inoculated intratesticularily with the skin eruptions, nodules of the lung, blood, lymphatic glands or bone-marrow obtained from an infected sheep may, upon the first or the third generation at the latest, present the typical lesions as the usual cow-pox virus does upon testicles of this animal. These lesions become more and more pronounced as the generations go on.II. The testicular emulsion on the first generation remains always inert by the cutaneous inoculations upon calves, but the same after 2-4 passages at the latest, form the typical vesicles exactly same and indistinguishable from one produced by common cow-pox, which is seen more and more marked as the generations step on, fairly corresponding with the macroscopic changes in testicles.III. The lymph prepared by the usual method from the vesicles produced on a calf with sheep-pox virus, which was passed through rabbit's testicles, may form on the skin of primary vaccinating infants the beautiful vesicles exactly similar to that of usual vaccine lymph.IV. The immunity against common cow-pox virus rendered the rabbits, which were previously used for the sheep-pox passages, is found, about three weeks after the intratesticular inoculations, gradually becoming complete with the progress of generation, although no trace of immunity could be demonstrated in the first generation.V. Powerful common cow-pox lymph effects absolutely inactive on a calf, which was inoculated with sheep-pox virus of 3-4 intratesticular passages in rabbits 16-20 days before, that is to say, the sheep-pox virus after passing through rabbit's testicles, differing from its original virus, maintain a complete immunizing property against cow-pox virus.VI. The sheep-pox virus after intratesticular passages in rabbits considerably decreases its pathogenic character to sheep, as far as if with usual cow-pox virus.VII. Sheep 19-20 days after having been inoculated with sheep-pox virus passed through rabbits intratesticularily are, by intravenous injection of the sheep-pox virus, typically affected with sheep-pox with exactly same incubation period as the untreated control, only remaining alive while the latter died of the disease after a week, and although it may still be beyond the determination as this minor number of the experimental animals would not stand for, that it is due to the fact of the incomplete immunization by the sheep-pox virus passed intratesticularily in rabbits, at least so far may be said with certainty, that the sheep-pox virus, after being passed through rabbit's testicles, renders the animal immune against the common cow-pox virus, losing, at the same time, the majority of its immunizing property against the original sheep-pox virus.VIII. The sheep-pox virus is found transformed, as the above described experiments approve,","PeriodicalId":101505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132268925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1. Sarcosporidiotoxin contains hemolytic and hemagglutinative principles.2. The optimal concentration of the erythrocytal suspension to test both of these reactions is 2.5-5.0%.3. The physico-chemical characteristics of these two principles of the toxin: Hemolytic principle is hardly soluble in water, saline and glycerinated saline, but the hemagglutinative principle is soluble in these media; the one is soluble in alcohol and ether, but the other insoluble; The one is thermostable, but the other is destroyed by heating at 85°C. for 1/2 hour; The one is negative to protein reaction test, but the other positive; Concerning their resistances against acid and alkali, dialysis and adsorption, both of them almost agreed with each other.4. The normal serum acts indifferently up to a certain amount but above this limit, it rather inhibits hemolysis by the hemolytic principle of the Sarcosporidiotoxin.5. Alcohol soluble fraction of the serum (or lecithin fraction) accelerates hemolysis by this toxin, but the insoluble fraction (or albumin fraction) and globulin fraction inhibit hemagglutinative action of the toxin.6. It might be justifiable to conclude from the experimental data that the hemolysis inhibitory substance (albumin fraction) acts directly against hemolytic principle while the hemagglutination inhibitory substance (globulin fraction) first combines with the erythrocytes and consequently inhibits hemagglutination.7. All the batches of the immune sera prepared with the sarcosporidiotoxin treated by divergent methods were indifferent to hemagglutination.8. The serum of the rabbit immunized with the alcoholic extracts of the sarcosporidiotoxin, either simple or in mixture with the pig's serum, was indifferent in hemagglutination and hemolysis, but it neutralized the toxic principle.
{"title":"ON THE HEMOTOXIN OF THE SARCOSPORIDIA","authors":"Shinichi Sato","doi":"10.1292/JVMS1922.8.225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1292/JVMS1922.8.225","url":null,"abstract":"1. Sarcosporidiotoxin contains hemolytic and hemagglutinative principles.2. The optimal concentration of the erythrocytal suspension to test both of these reactions is 2.5-5.0%.3. The physico-chemical characteristics of these two principles of the toxin: Hemolytic principle is hardly soluble in water, saline and glycerinated saline, but the hemagglutinative principle is soluble in these media; the one is soluble in alcohol and ether, but the other insoluble; The one is thermostable, but the other is destroyed by heating at 85°C. for 1/2 hour; The one is negative to protein reaction test, but the other positive; Concerning their resistances against acid and alkali, dialysis and adsorption, both of them almost agreed with each other.4. The normal serum acts indifferently up to a certain amount but above this limit, it rather inhibits hemolysis by the hemolytic principle of the Sarcosporidiotoxin.5. Alcohol soluble fraction of the serum (or lecithin fraction) accelerates hemolysis by this toxin, but the insoluble fraction (or albumin fraction) and globulin fraction inhibit hemagglutinative action of the toxin.6. It might be justifiable to conclude from the experimental data that the hemolysis inhibitory substance (albumin fraction) acts directly against hemolytic principle while the hemagglutination inhibitory substance (globulin fraction) first combines with the erythrocytes and consequently inhibits hemagglutination.7. All the batches of the immune sera prepared with the sarcosporidiotoxin treated by divergent methods were indifferent to hemagglutination.8. The serum of the rabbit immunized with the alcoholic extracts of the sarcosporidiotoxin, either simple or in mixture with the pig's serum, was indifferent in hemagglutination and hemolysis, but it neutralized the toxic principle.","PeriodicalId":101505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131286165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"HEMATOLOGICAL STUDIES ON KOREAN CALVES AND PONIES INFECTED WITH A FORMOSAN STRAIN OF TRYPANOSOMA EVANSI","authors":"S. Akazawa","doi":"10.1292/JVMS1922.11.224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1292/JVMS1922.11.224","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131744203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With regard to the etiology of an elephantiasis-like disease known as "Wahi" or "Kose" in our native cattle, I reported in this journal Vol. VI, No. 2 that from the histological point of view the causal agent of this disease was a kind of microfilaria. In this paper I want to state the results obtained by further experiments on this problem.Although the microfilaria appears in the blood the year round, they are found more numerous in summer. Their appearance in the blood of peripheral veins seems tohave a slight periodicity. A great number of microfilaria are observable at 6-9 o'clock in the afternoon, but it is not so remarkable as in the case of embryos of Filaria bancrofti. The appearance resembles the embryo of a filaria, but the adult worm is not yet decided. Therefore, I have attempted to find them by means of post-mortem examination.As the result of this examination, many filaria-like worms were discovered in the abdominal cavity of the affected cattle. The worm was long, thread-like in size and white in colour, and the male was smaller than the female. It was attenuated at both ends. The tail of the male was coiled up spirally; that of the female was straight or slightly curved. The uterus contained eggs and embryos in a remarkable number, and the appearance of the latter resembled closely the microfilaria in the blood.In order to determine whether the embryos can appear in the circulating blood, I put these worms into the abdominal cavity of rabbits. As the result of this experiment I found the microfilaria appeared in the blood of those animals in 3 days after the operation and on the 10th day they were found in maximal number.Furthermore, I discovered that these worms could be classified into two species by the microscopical examination. One species had strong dorsal and ventral teeth separated by a wide depression from the centre of which arose a semi-circular lip-like elevation. The caudal region of the female was loosely spiral and terminated in a knob-like extremity surrounded by an irregular ring of pointed spines and bearing a pair of lateral appendices close to the extremity. The tail of the male was closely spiral and there were four pairs of preanal and four pairs of postanal papillae, but occasionally one papilla was found closely in front of the cloaca.The other species closely resembled the former in shape, but the mouth was very small, about one-half the former in diameter, and the posterior extremity of the female terminated in a smooth knob.From these findings I should like to regard the former, as Boulenger, as Setaria labiato-papillosa and the latter as S. digitata. and to consider that the microfilaria in the blood of affected cattle is closely related to these worms.
{"title":"ON THE \"WAHI\" OR \"KOSE\" DISEASE, AN ELEPHANTIASIS-LIKE DISEASE, IN CATTLE","authors":"H. Oguni","doi":"10.1292/JVMS1922.6.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1292/JVMS1922.6.175","url":null,"abstract":"With regard to the etiology of an elephantiasis-like disease known as \"Wahi\" or \"Kose\" in our native cattle, I reported in this journal Vol. VI, No. 2 that from the histological point of view the causal agent of this disease was a kind of microfilaria. In this paper I want to state the results obtained by further experiments on this problem.Although the microfilaria appears in the blood the year round, they are found more numerous in summer. Their appearance in the blood of peripheral veins seems tohave a slight periodicity. A great number of microfilaria are observable at 6-9 o'clock in the afternoon, but it is not so remarkable as in the case of embryos of Filaria bancrofti. The appearance resembles the embryo of a filaria, but the adult worm is not yet decided. Therefore, I have attempted to find them by means of post-mortem examination.As the result of this examination, many filaria-like worms were discovered in the abdominal cavity of the affected cattle. The worm was long, thread-like in size and white in colour, and the male was smaller than the female. It was attenuated at both ends. The tail of the male was coiled up spirally; that of the female was straight or slightly curved. The uterus contained eggs and embryos in a remarkable number, and the appearance of the latter resembled closely the microfilaria in the blood.In order to determine whether the embryos can appear in the circulating blood, I put these worms into the abdominal cavity of rabbits. As the result of this experiment I found the microfilaria appeared in the blood of those animals in 3 days after the operation and on the 10th day they were found in maximal number.Furthermore, I discovered that these worms could be classified into two species by the microscopical examination. One species had strong dorsal and ventral teeth separated by a wide depression from the centre of which arose a semi-circular lip-like elevation. The caudal region of the female was loosely spiral and terminated in a knob-like extremity surrounded by an irregular ring of pointed spines and bearing a pair of lateral appendices close to the extremity. The tail of the male was closely spiral and there were four pairs of preanal and four pairs of postanal papillae, but occasionally one papilla was found closely in front of the cloaca.The other species closely resembled the former in shape, but the mouth was very small, about one-half the former in diameter, and the posterior extremity of the female terminated in a smooth knob.From these findings I should like to regard the former, as Boulenger, as Setaria labiato-papillosa and the latter as S. digitata. and to consider that the microfilaria in the blood of affected cattle is closely related to these worms.","PeriodicalId":101505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115418891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Modification of the Tetrathionate Medium for the Isolation of S. abortivo-equina","authors":"K. Hirato","doi":"10.1292/JVMS1922.17.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1292/JVMS1922.17.118","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science","volume":"855 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124186954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1. Bei Hundinnen, denen die Sterilitat gewunscht wird, kann an Stelle der Ovariotomie der Tubenschnitt oder die Tubenligatur vorgenommen werden.2. Durch Ausfuhrung von Tubenschnitt oder Tubenligatur kann man aber die Belastigungen zur Zeit der Brunst nicht beseitigen.3. Zur Ausfuhrung der antigraviden Operationen, mit Ausnahme von Hysterotomie, empfiehlt es sich den Bauchdeckenschnitt in einer Querrichtung anzulegen.4. Wegcn der Zystenbildung und der Schwierigkeit der Fruhdiagnosestellung auf Trachtigkeit ist der Uterusschnitt zum Zweck der Erzeugung der Sterilitat nicht geeignet.
{"title":"VERSUCHE ZUR AUSFÜHRUNG DER ANTIGRAVIDEN OPERATION BEI HÜNDINNEN","authors":"S. Matsuba","doi":"10.1292/JVMS1922.4.259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1292/JVMS1922.4.259","url":null,"abstract":"1. Bei Hundinnen, denen die Sterilitat gewunscht wird, kann an Stelle der Ovariotomie der Tubenschnitt oder die Tubenligatur vorgenommen werden.2. Durch Ausfuhrung von Tubenschnitt oder Tubenligatur kann man aber die Belastigungen zur Zeit der Brunst nicht beseitigen.3. Zur Ausfuhrung der antigraviden Operationen, mit Ausnahme von Hysterotomie, empfiehlt es sich den Bauchdeckenschnitt in einer Querrichtung anzulegen.4. Wegcn der Zystenbildung und der Schwierigkeit der Fruhdiagnosestellung auf Trachtigkeit ist der Uterusschnitt zum Zweck der Erzeugung der Sterilitat nicht geeignet.","PeriodicalId":101505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114413179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Kii, Shigeo Sato, Yoshiharu Nakamura, K. Taguchi
{"title":"ON THE INFECTIOUS ABORTION OF MARES IN KAMIKITA DISTRICT, AOMORI PREFECTURE, JAPAN","authors":"N. Kii, Shigeo Sato, Yoshiharu Nakamura, K. Taguchi","doi":"10.1292/JVMS1922.2.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1292/JVMS1922.2.27","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114424081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ON THE POISONOUS SUBSTANCES IN LIVER BOUILLON CULTURE OF THE ANAEROBIC BACILLUS ISOLATED FROM THE CHICKEN-DIARRHEA","authors":"A. Iizuka","doi":"10.1292/JVMS1922.9.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1292/JVMS1922.9.123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114441749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"OBSERVATIONS ON THE NATURE OF THE PARASITIC NODULES IN THE COECAL WALL OF CHICKENS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF HETERAKIS VESICULARIS","authors":"S. Itagaki","doi":"10.1292/JVMS1922.8.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1292/JVMS1922.8.59","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114505847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ÜBER AGGLUTINATORISCHES VERHALTEN VON BACT. BRONCHISEPTICUM","authors":"T. Konno, K. Hashimoto","doi":"10.1292/JVMS1922.10.391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1292/JVMS1922.10.391","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130651361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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