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A High Performance Blockchain Platform for Indian Banking System 印度银行系统的高性能区块链平台
Pub Date : 2020-04-30 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3645437
P. Mehrotra, Rishabh Sharma, Nikita Rajeshkumar Bagrecha, Dr. Bhushan Thakare
Blockchain technology has gained significant attention after the introduction of bitcoin in 2008. It is a decentralized ledger useful in exchanging digital currency. Blockchain is a continuous growing list of records known as blocks managed by a peer to peer distributed network. The records in the blocks of blockchain are immutable and permanent which is well needed in the bank transactions. Blockchain technology is a peer-to-peer distributed structure that could be used to overcome the issues in the traditional banking system. This paper will demonstrate how we can use blockchain in the banking sector so that the burden of the centralized database is transferred to a decentralized network. It will also demonstrate the different algorithms that are used for the system like RSA and Verhoeff algorithm to generate the keys and to verify the user respectively.
2008年比特币问世后,区块链技术获得了极大的关注。它是一种去中心化的分类账,用于交换数字货币。区块链是一个持续增长的记录列表,被称为由点对点分布式网络管理的块。区块链中的记录是不可变的和永久的,这在银行交易中是很需要的。区块链技术是一种点对点的分布式结构,可以用来克服传统银行系统中的问题。本文将展示我们如何在银行部门使用区块链,以便将集中式数据库的负担转移到分散的网络上。它还将演示用于系统的不同算法,如RSA和Verhoeff算法,分别用于生成密钥和验证用户。
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引用次数: 3
Proangiogenic Peptide Nanofiber Hydrogel/3D-Printed Scaffold to Promote Dermal Regeneration 促血管生成肽纳米纤维水凝胶/ 3d打印支架促进皮肤再生
Pub Date : 2020-04-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3577304
B. Chu, Jin-mei He, Zhen Wang, Lan-lan Liu, Xiao-li Li, Chang-Sheng Chen, M. Tu
Dermal substitutes are widely used for wound repair and show a good advantage in skin regeneration. Vascularization is an important index for evaluating dermal materials. Rapid vascularization can provide channels for nutritional support and excretion and create an intervention pathway for the immune system in the early stage of wound healing. In this study, we synthesized a proangiogenic self-assembling peptide nanofiber hydrogel and combined it with UV-cured gelatin to form a series of 3D-printed scaffolds. As the percentage of peptide increased, the microstructure of the scaffolds transformed to nanoscale, and the water absorption rate and weight loss ratio in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer also increased. Mouse fibroblasts (L929) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) adhered and proliferated on 3D-printed scaffolds, and a vascular model test showed that many connected tubes were present in the HUVECs after 8 h of culture with material extract, indicating the promising proangiogenic capability of these 3D-printed scaffolds. An in vivo study demonstrated that the 3D-printed scaffold combined with 20% peptide hydrogel had the best collagenous fiber structure and fastest repair cycles in dermis regeneration. The results indicate that our proangiogenic scaffold constitutes a promising therapeutic option for high-quality skin regeneration.
真皮替代品广泛应用于创面修复,在皮肤再生方面具有良好的优势。血管化是评价真皮物质的重要指标。快速血管化可以提供营养支持和排泄的通道,并在创面愈合早期为免疫系统创造干预途径。在这项研究中,我们合成了一种促进血管生成的自组装肽纳米纤维水凝胶,并将其与紫外光固化的明胶结合,形成了一系列3d打印支架。随着多肽含量的增加,支架的微观结构向纳米级转变,在磷酸盐缓冲盐水(PBS)缓冲液中的吸水率和失重率也增加。小鼠成纤维细胞(L929)和人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)在3d打印支架上粘附增殖,血管模型试验显示,经材料提取物培养8 h后,HUVECs中出现了许多连接管,表明这些3d打印支架具有很好的促血管生成能力。体内研究表明,结合20%肽水凝胶的3d打印支架在真皮再生中具有最好的胶原纤维结构和最快的修复周期。结果表明,我们的促血管生成支架构成了高质量皮肤再生的有前途的治疗选择。
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引用次数: 0
2D:4D and Self-Employment Using SOEP Data: A Replication Study 使用SOEP数据的2D:4D和自雇:一项复制研究
Pub Date : 2020-04-23 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3583293
Frank M. Fossen, Levent Neyse, M. Johannesson, Anna Dreber
The 2 D:4D digit ratio, the ratio of the length of the 2nd digit to the length of the 4th digit, is often considered a proxy for testosterone exposure in utero. A recent study by Nicolaou et al. (2018) reported an association between the lefthand 2D:4D and self-employment (in a sample of about 1,000 adults). In this preregistered study we replicate these results on a new and larger sample of about 2,600 adults from the German Socioeconomic Panel-Innovation Sample (SOEP-IS). We find no statistically significant associations between 2D:4D and self-employment and thus cannot confirm the findings of Nicolaou et al. (2018) for left-hand 2D:4D. Our estimated 99.5% confidence intervals are within an about 2 percentage points change in self-employment for a one standard deviation change in the 2D:4D when we pool results for men and women (the association does not differ significantly between men and women). Even larger studies are needed to rule out smaller effect sizes.
2d:4D手指的比例,也就是无名指和无名指的长度之比,通常被认为是子宫内睾丸激素水平的代表。Nicolaou等人(2018)最近的一项研究报告了左手2D:4D与自营职业之间的联系(在大约1000名成年人的样本中)。在这项预先注册的研究中,我们在德国社会经济面板创新样本(SOEP-IS)中约2600名成年人的新样本中复制了这些结果。我们发现2D:4D与自雇之间没有统计学上的显著关联,因此无法证实Nicolaou等人(2018)关于左手2D:4D的研究结果。当我们汇总男性和女性的结果时(男性和女性之间的关联没有显著差异),我们估计的99.5%置信区间在2D:4D的一个标准差变化中,自营职业的变化约为2个百分点。需要更大规模的研究来排除较小的效应。
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引用次数: 2
Yield Curve Quantization and Simulation with Neural Networks 基于神经网络的收益率曲线量化与仿真
Pub Date : 2020-04-20 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3577555
G. Benedetti
We present a method for simulating yield curve dynamics by learning the curve distribution from historical data using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) in a two step procedure. The first step involves an autoencoder which performs a quantization of curve moves, generating a set of representative curve shapes. The second step learns a probability distribution over the quantized shapes, conditional on the current curve and the shift of a single pivot tenor point. This allows to simulate the curve by first drawing the the pivot tenor shift and then the shape of the curve move from its dynamic distribution. A suitable choice of regularizers allows to keep the simulation statistics close to the original data.
本文提出了一种利用人工神经网络(ANN)从历史数据中学习曲线分布,分两步模拟收益率曲线动态的方法。第一步涉及一个自动编码器,它执行曲线移动的量化,生成一组具有代表性的曲线形状。第二步学习量子化形状上的概率分布,条件是当前曲线和单个枢轴中音点的移位。这允许模拟曲线,首先绘制枢轴的中音位移,然后曲线的形状从其动态分布移动。选择合适的正则化器可以使模拟统计数据接近原始数据。
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引用次数: 0
COVID-19 Scratch Models To Support Local Decisions COVID-19 Scratch模型支持本地决策
Pub Date : 2020-04-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3577867
E. H. Kaplan
This article is based on modeling studies conducted in response to requests from Yale University, the Yale New Haven Hospital and the State of Connecticut during the early weeks of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Much of this work relied on scratch modeling, that is, models created from scratch in real time. Applications included recommending event crowd-size restrictions, hospital surge planning, timing decisions (when to stop and possibly restart university activities), and scenario analyses to assess the impacts of alternative interventions, among other problems. This paper documents the problems faced, models developed, and advice offered during real-time response to the COVID-19 crisis at the local level. Results include a simple formula for the maximum size of an event that ensures no infected persons are present with 99% probability; the determination that existing ICU capacity was insufficient for COVID-19 arrivals which led to creating a large dedicated COVID-19 negative pressure ICU; and a new epidemic model that showed the infeasibility of the university hosting normal spring and summer events, that lockdown-like stay-at-home and social distancing restrictions without additional public health action would only delay transmission and enable a rebound after restrictions are lifted, and that aggressive community screening to rapidly detect and isolate infected persons could end the outbreak.
本文基于在SARS-CoV-2爆发的最初几周应耶鲁大学、耶鲁纽黑文医院和康涅狄格州的要求进行的建模研究。大部分工作依赖于scratch建模,也就是说,实时从零开始创建模型。应用程序包括建议事件人群规模限制,医院激增计划,时间决定(何时停止和可能重新开始大学活动),以及情景分析以评估替代干预措施的影响,以及其他问题。本文记录了在地方一级实时应对COVID-19危机过程中面临的问题、开发的模式以及提供的建议。结果包括一个简单的事件最大规模公式,该公式可确保99%的概率没有感染者;确定现有ICU容量不足以应对COVID-19的到来,从而创建了大型专用COVID-19负压ICU;一个新的流行病模型表明,大学举办正常的春季和夏季活动是不可行的,如果没有额外的公共卫生行动,封锁式的居家和社交距离限制只会延迟传播,并在限制解除后使疫情反弹,积极的社区筛查迅速发现和隔离感染者可能会结束疫情。
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引用次数: 21
Reduced Graphene Oxide Bubbles with Tunable Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness 减少氧化石墨烯气泡与可调电磁屏蔽效能
Pub Date : 2020-04-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3567471
Xiangfen Li, Zechao Tao, Baoyi Hao, Qing-qiang Kong, Zhuo Liu, Zhanjun Liu, Q. Guo, Lang Liu
Abstract Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) bubbles containing sphere-like pores inside are prepared using polystyrene (PS) micro-balls as template. rGO bubbles exhibit excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness in frequency range of 8–12 GHz. The shielding can be attributed to absorption mechanism which is a synergistic effect of conductive rGO sheets and repeated reflection inside the sphere-like pores. Furthermore, EMI shielding effectiveness can be tuned by heat-treated temperature, pore size and ratio. The EMI shielding effectiveness of rGO bubbles can reach to 54 dB with 5 μm pores of 25 wt% content as well as thermally annealed at 800 °C.
摘要以聚苯乙烯(PS)微球为模板制备了内部含有球形孔的还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)气泡。氧化石墨烯气泡在8-12 GHz频率范围内具有优异的电磁干扰屏蔽效果。这种屏蔽作用可归因于吸收机制,即导电氧化石墨烯片与球形孔内重复反射的协同作用。此外,电磁干扰屏蔽效果可以通过热处理温度、孔径和比例来调节。当孔径为5 μm,体积分数为25%时,经800℃热退火后,氧化石墨烯气泡的电磁干扰屏蔽效果可达54 dB。
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引用次数: 9
A Novel Methodology for Process Monitoring by Using Deep Belief Network 一种基于深度信念网络的过程监控方法
Pub Date : 2020-04-14 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3604720
Jonathan Antoine, John Lundberg
In recent years deep learning has been broadly used for process monitoring, fault diagnosis, pattern recognition, and image classification. In industrial systems there are many process systems that require ore advanced control technologies. Filling error control is an important but challenging problem in most production systems for a wide spectrum of liquid products. The major challenges behind this control problem include uncontrollable ambient factors, highly diversified products in modern manufacturing plants, limited budget for complex feedback control schemes, etc. To devise a low cost solution that is suitable massive replication, this paper proposes a data-driven approach for filling error control by using Just-In-Time Deep Belief Networks (JIT-DBN). The proposed method aims to construct a local DBN model based on historical data to suggest stopping time for the filling process by collectively considering the fluid viscosity, filling temperature and many other affecting factors. Based on the proposed method, a systematic framework for implementation is further devised. The proposed framework leverages the advantages of edge computing and cloud platforms to present a scalable solution with guaranteed computation efficiency and excellent adaptiveness to highly diversified products. In the validation experiments, both the proposed method and the proposed implementation framework are tested in the real-world filling production line for massive production. It is found that the proposed method can effectively reduce the mean filling errors and the filling uncertainties.
近年来,深度学习被广泛应用于过程监控、故障诊断、模式识别和图像分类等领域。在工业系统中,有许多过程系统需要更先进的控制技术。灌装误差控制是大多数液体产品生产系统中一个重要但具有挑战性的问题。这一控制问题背后的主要挑战包括不可控的环境因素、现代制造工厂中产品的高度多样化、复杂反馈控制方案的预算有限等。为了设计一种适合大规模复制的低成本解决方案,本文提出了一种基于实时深度信念网络(JIT-DBN)的数据驱动填充错误控制方法。该方法基于历史数据构建局部DBN模型,综合考虑流体粘度、充填温度等多种影响因素,给出充填过程的停止时间。在此基础上,进一步设计了系统的实现框架。该框架利用边缘计算和云平台的优势,提供了一种可扩展的解决方案,具有保证的计算效率和对高度多样化产品的出色适应性。在验证实验中,提出的方法和实现框架都在实际的大批量生产灌装生产线上进行了测试。结果表明,该方法能有效地减小平均填充误差和填充不确定性。
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引用次数: 0
A Review on Research Output Analysis on Robotic Technology 机器人技术研究成果分析综述
Pub Date : 2020-04-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3573258
Himanshu Sirohi
The word of robotics was taken from the word robot, which was introduced to the public by Czech writer Karel Capek. The study of robotics is the fast rising field of research. Robotic study is a part of computer science that involve mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, computer science engineering. The study of robotics concerned with the design and development of robots and use of robots. Robotics carries together so many and very different engineering areas and skills. The technology of robotics is used to develop machines that can substitute for humans and replicate human actions. Robots can be used in many situations and for lots of purposes. Robots can take on any form but some are made to resemble humans in appearance.
机器人(robotics)一词来源于捷克作家卡雷尔·卡佩克(Karel Capek)向公众介绍的机器人(robot)一词。机器人学是一个迅速崛起的研究领域。机器人研究是计算机科学的一部分,涉及机械工程、电气工程、计算机科学工程。机器人学涉及机器人的设计和开发以及机器人的使用。机器人技术汇集了许多非常不同的工程领域和技能。机器人技术是用来开发可以代替人类和复制人类行为的机器。机器人可以在许多情况下用于许多目的。机器人可以采取任何形式,但有些机器人在外观上与人类相似。
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引用次数: 1
Target Coverage and Network Connectivity with Minimum Movement Using Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks 使用移动无线传感器网络的最小移动目标覆盖和网络连接
Pub Date : 2020-04-09 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3571897
Himanshu Sirohi
ABSTRACT- Mobile WSN (wireless sensor network) is a collection of spatially dispersed and dedicated sensors node. The sensor node in sensor network is able for performing a variety of processing, for gathering sensor information and for the communication among more than one other connected node in the network, it is also called mote. A sensor node have a small wireless device which have a limited battery life, limited transmission rage and own storage size. This property of sensors that means mobility can have a very powerfully use for increasing the target coverage quality. There are two main limitations is mobile sensor network (MSN). The first one is Target coverage (TCOV) and the second one is Network connectivity (TCON). This paper demonstrates the drawbacks of the Mobile Sensor Deployment (MSD) and find out how to set up mobile sensors with minimum movement.
移动WSN(无线传感器网络)是空间上分散的专用传感器节点的集合。传感器网络中的传感器节点能够进行各种处理,收集传感器信息,并在网络中多个其他连接节点之间进行通信,也称为mote。一个传感器节点有一个小的无线设备,有有限的电池寿命,有限的传输范围和自己的存储大小。传感器的这种特性意味着机动性可以非常有力地用于提高目标覆盖质量。有两个主要的限制是移动传感器网络(MSN)。第一个是目标覆盖(TCOV),第二个是网络连接(TCON)。本文论证了移动传感器部署(MSD)的缺点,并找出了如何以最小的运动设置移动传感器。
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引用次数: 0
Forecasting Loan Default in Europe with Machine Learning 用机器学习预测欧洲的贷款违约
Pub Date : 2020-04-07 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3605449
Luca Barbaglia, S. Manzan, Elisa Tosetti
We use a dataset of 12 million residential mortgages to investigate the loan default behavior in several European countries. We model the default occurrence as a function of borrower characteristics, loan-specific variables, and local economic conditions. We compare the performance of a set of machine learning algorithms relative to the logistic regression, finding that they perform significantly better in providing predictions. The most important variables in explaining loan default are the interest rate and the local economic characteristics. The existence of relevant geographical heterogeneity in the variable importance points at the need for regionally tailored risk-assessment policies in Europe.
我们使用1200万住宅抵押贷款的数据集来调查几个欧洲国家的贷款违约行为。我们将违约事件建模为借款人特征、贷款特定变量和当地经济条件的函数。我们比较了一组机器学习算法与逻辑回归的性能,发现它们在提供预测方面表现得更好。解释贷款违约最重要的变量是利率和当地经济特征。在可变重要性方面存在着相关的地理异质性,这表明欧洲需要制定适合区域的风险评估政策。
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引用次数: 12
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Other Topics Engineering Research eJournal
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