AI can help to essentially accelerate the process of analysis of vast amounts of data, anchoring patterns in the data, resulting in faster and recommended decision-making. Sophisticated prescient models are produced using algorithms that extract the patterns from data and predict results. AI is categorized into three stages namely, artificial narrow intelligence (ANI), artificial general intelligence(AGI), and artificial super intelligence(ASI). Precision medicine is a rising methodology for disease prevention and treatment based on the specific hereditary, environment conditions, and lifestyle choices of an individual patient. AI algorithms have been found to be compelling in streamlining malignant growth screening and discovery. AI frameworks are able to recognize singular drug-response variability, making recommendations based on patterns learned from vast amounts of public and exclusive information, and can help expand the frontier of precision medicine, specially of cancer genomics.
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence And Precision Medicine For Oncology","authors":"Ojaswini Singh, Rishabh Singh, Ankur Saxena","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3566788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3566788","url":null,"abstract":"AI can help to essentially accelerate the process of analysis of vast amounts of data, anchoring patterns in the data, resulting in faster and recommended decision-making. Sophisticated prescient models are produced using algorithms that extract the patterns from data and predict results. AI is categorized into three stages namely, artificial narrow intelligence (ANI), artificial general intelligence(AGI), and artificial super intelligence(ASI). Precision medicine is a rising methodology for disease prevention and treatment based on the specific hereditary, environment conditions, and lifestyle choices of an individual patient. AI algorithms have been found to be compelling in streamlining malignant growth screening and discovery. AI frameworks are able to recognize singular drug-response variability, making recommendations based on patterns learned from vast amounts of public and exclusive information, and can help expand the frontier of precision medicine, specially of cancer genomics.","PeriodicalId":102139,"journal":{"name":"Other Topics Engineering Research eJournal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133909896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper we investigate the impact of technological change on inequalityin the presence of a landed elite using a standard unified growth model. We measure inequality by the ratio between land rent and wages and show that, before the onset of the fertility transition, technological progress increased inequality directly through land-biased technological change and indirectly through increasing population growth. Thefertility transition and the child quantity-quality trade-off eventually disabled the Malthusian mechanism, and technological progress triggered education and benefited workers. If the elasticity of substitution between land and labor is sufficiently high, the rent-wage ratio declines such that inequality is hump-shaped in the very long run. We use the publication of new farming book titles as a measure of technological progress in agriculture, and provide evidence for technology-driven inequality in Britain between 1525 and 1895. We confirm these results for a panel of European countries over the period 1265-1850 using agricultural productivity as a measure of technology. Finally, using patents in the period 1800-1980, we find a technology-driven inequality reversal around the onset of the fertility transition.
{"title":"Technological Change and Inequality in the Very Long Run","authors":"J. Madsen, H. Strulik","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3582603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3582603","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we investigate the impact of technological change on inequalityin the presence of a landed elite using a standard unified growth model. We measure inequality by the ratio between land rent and wages and show that, before the onset of the fertility transition, technological progress increased inequality directly through land-biased technological change and indirectly through increasing population growth. Thefertility transition and the child quantity-quality trade-off eventually disabled the Malthusian mechanism, and technological progress triggered education and benefited workers. If the elasticity of substitution between land and labor is sufficiently high, the rent-wage ratio declines such that inequality is hump-shaped in the very long run. We use the publication of new farming book titles as a measure of technological progress in agriculture, and provide evidence for technology-driven inequality in Britain between 1525 and 1895. We confirm these results for a panel of European countries over the period 1265-1850 using agricultural productivity as a measure of technology. Finally, using patents in the period 1800-1980, we find a technology-driven inequality reversal around the onset of the fertility transition.","PeriodicalId":102139,"journal":{"name":"Other Topics Engineering Research eJournal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124246402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dr. Pradeep Ghantasala G S, VenkataSai Chinnam, Raju Karukuri, Sharath Sripad
This paper presents the Shark look calculation utilizing the refined form of PageRank calculation, "PageRank look" and Shark look, one of the primary energetic web look calculations. Shark search has a comprehensive database mapping system that makes it easy for users to customize online maps to suit their needs. Preparatory tests appear significant improvements over the initial calculation of page rank. Recently, the internet has grown a lot. By using different hypertext connections, users can find their tools. This Internet use led to web crawlers being invented. Web-based crawlers are full text search engines that support web browsers. Such web crawlers can be used for further study. For example, the broken information can be utilized in complex systems to discover lost connections, population identification. In this paper we discussed web crew members: their design, styles and different challenges when the Web crawlers are used by search engines.
{"title":"Range of web Crawling from HTTP Parse and HTML Requests as Static Digreph and Web Pages","authors":"Dr. Pradeep Ghantasala G S, VenkataSai Chinnam, Raju Karukuri, Sharath Sripad","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3669657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3669657","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the Shark look calculation utilizing the refined form of PageRank calculation, \"PageRank look\" and Shark look, one of the primary energetic web look calculations. Shark search has a comprehensive database mapping system that makes it easy for users to customize online maps to suit their needs. Preparatory tests appear significant improvements over the initial calculation of page rank. Recently, the internet has grown a lot. By using different hypertext connections, users can find their tools. This Internet use led to web crawlers being invented. Web-based crawlers are full text search engines that support web browsers. Such web crawlers can be used for further study. For example, the broken information can be utilized in complex systems to discover lost connections, population identification. In this paper we discussed web crew members: their design, styles and different challenges when the Web crawlers are used by search engines.","PeriodicalId":102139,"journal":{"name":"Other Topics Engineering Research eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125823741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A chatbot is computer software that employs Natural Language Processing and Pattern Recognition techniques to provide appropriate answers to questions posed by humans. In this paper, we are analyzing and comparing the total accuracy score of the following chatbots: Rose, Google Assistant, Siri, Machine Comprehension Chatbot, Mitsuku, Jabberwacky, ALICE and Eliza based on the answers provided by them to a set of predefined questions. The chatbots were broadly analyzed on three focal parameters: 1. Assessment of Factual Questions, 2. Assessment of Conversational Attributes, and 3. Evaluation of Exceptional queries. The paper produces conclusive comparisons and conclusions and then ranks these chatbots according to their performance in the above-mentioned focal points. These focal points help in assessing the chatbots according to their responses by assigning a rank to each chatbot concerning others. The final level is evaluated by averaging grades attained in the three parameters above.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Chatbots","authors":"Shivang Verma, Lakshay Sahni, Moolchand Sharma","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3563674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3563674","url":null,"abstract":"A chatbot is computer software that employs Natural Language Processing and Pattern Recognition techniques to provide appropriate answers to questions posed by humans. In this paper, we are analyzing and comparing the total accuracy score of the following chatbots: Rose, Google Assistant, Siri, Machine Comprehension Chatbot, Mitsuku, Jabberwacky, ALICE and Eliza based on the answers provided by them to a set of predefined questions. The chatbots were broadly analyzed on three focal parameters: 1. Assessment of Factual Questions, 2. Assessment of Conversational Attributes, and 3. Evaluation of Exceptional queries. The paper produces conclusive comparisons and conclusions and then ranks these chatbots according to their performance in the above-mentioned focal points. These focal points help in assessing the chatbots according to their responses by assigning a rank to each chatbot concerning others. The final level is evaluated by averaging grades attained in the three parameters above.","PeriodicalId":102139,"journal":{"name":"Other Topics Engineering Research eJournal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130480993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiazhen Zhang, Zhizhong Shang, Yanbiao Jiang, Xing-gang Li, M. Ma, Yongjun Li, Bin Ma
Biodegradable metals hold promises in orthopedic applications such as fracture repair. Their clinical translation requires pre-clinical evaluations including animal studies, which demonstrate the safety and performance of such materials prior to clinical trials. This evidence-based study investigates and analyzes the performance of bone fractures repair as well as degradation properties of biodegradable metals in animal models. Data was carefully collected after identification of population, interventions, comparisons, outcomes, and study design (PICOS), as well as inclusion criteria combining biodegradable metals and animal study. 12 publications on pure Mg, Mg alloys and Zn alloys were finally included and reviewed after extraction from a collected database of 2122 publications. Compared to controls of traditional non-degradable metals or resorbable polymers, biodegradable metals showed mixed or contradictory outcomes of fracture repair and degradation in animal models. Although quantitative meta-analysis cannot be conducted because of the data heterogenicity, this systematic review revealed that the quality of evidence for biodegradable metals to repair bone fractures in animal models is "very low". Recommendations to standardize the animal studies of biodegradable metals were proposed. Based on current findings, there is no reliable evidence of bone fracture repair in animal models to ensure future clinical translation of biodegradable metals.
{"title":"Is There Reliable Evidence of Biodegradable Metals Achieving Bone Fracture Repair in Animal Models: A Systematic Review","authors":"Jiazhen Zhang, Zhizhong Shang, Yanbiao Jiang, Xing-gang Li, M. Ma, Yongjun Li, Bin Ma","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3559931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3559931","url":null,"abstract":"Biodegradable metals hold promises in orthopedic applications such as fracture repair. Their clinical translation requires pre-clinical evaluations including animal studies, which demonstrate the safety and performance of such materials prior to clinical trials. This evidence-based study investigates and analyzes the performance of bone fractures repair as well as degradation properties of biodegradable metals in animal models. Data was carefully collected after identification of population, interventions, comparisons, outcomes, and study design (PICOS), as well as inclusion criteria combining biodegradable metals and animal study. 12 publications on pure Mg, Mg alloys and Zn alloys were finally included and reviewed after extraction from a collected database of 2122 publications. Compared to controls of traditional non-degradable metals or resorbable polymers, biodegradable metals showed mixed or contradictory outcomes of fracture repair and degradation in animal models. Although quantitative meta-analysis cannot be conducted because of the data heterogenicity, this systematic review revealed that the quality of evidence for biodegradable metals to repair bone fractures in animal models is \"very low\". Recommendations to standardize the animal studies of biodegradable metals were proposed. Based on current findings, there is no reliable evidence of bone fracture repair in animal models to ensure future clinical translation of biodegradable metals.","PeriodicalId":102139,"journal":{"name":"Other Topics Engineering Research eJournal","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128500982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
On 19th February 2020, the European Commission published the long-awaited and pre-announced White Paper on artificial intelligence. In addition, the Commission published a document shaping Europe's digital future, a document on the European data strategy and a report on the impact of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things and robotics on security and liability .
Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said in her presentation of the new EU digital strategy that the objectives for shaping Europe's digital future cover “everything from cyber-security to critical infrastructures, digital education to skills, democracy to media" . Whether this promise has been fulfilled and to what extent it has been possible to focus on content will be examined below. For this purpose, the following article will discuss individual proposals from selected documents and address newly emerging liability issues arising in connection with the use of AI.
{"title":"'Fundamental Criticism' of the White Paper and Data Strategy Paper of the EU Commission from 19 February 2020","authors":"GOAL-Projekt Itm","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3675486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3675486","url":null,"abstract":"On 19th February 2020, the European Commission published the long-awaited and pre-announced White Paper on artificial intelligence. In addition, the Commission published a document shaping Europe's digital future, a document on the European data strategy and a report on the impact of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things and robotics on security and liability .<br><br>Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said in her presentation of the new EU digital strategy that the objectives for shaping Europe's digital future cover “everything from cyber-security to critical infrastructures, digital education to skills, democracy to media\" . Whether this promise has been fulfilled and to what extent it has been possible to focus on content will be examined below. For this purpose, the following article will discuss individual proposals from selected documents and address newly emerging liability issues arising in connection with the use of AI.<br>","PeriodicalId":102139,"journal":{"name":"Other Topics Engineering Research eJournal","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122025651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper a new formula for the circumference is derived which is faster than existing formulas and is based off of a cubic hypergeometric transformation.
本文在三次超几何变换的基础上，导出了一个比现有公式更快的周长计算公式。
{"title":"New Infinite Series for Calculating the Circumference of an Ellipse","authors":"Cetin Hakimoglu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3549861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3549861","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a new formula for the circumference is derived which is faster than existing formulas and is based off of a cubic hypergeometric transformation.","PeriodicalId":102139,"journal":{"name":"Other Topics Engineering Research eJournal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121721898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Lassnig, V. L. Terziyska, J. Zalesak, T. Jörg, D. Többens, C. Mitterer, R. Pippan, M. Cordill
The influence of film microstructure on interface adhesion was studied on a model brittle-ductile interface consisting of thin Cu films on brittle glass substrates. Therefore, 110 nm thin Cu films were deposited on glass substrates using magnetron sputtering. While film thickness, residual stresses, and texture of the Cu films were maintained comparable in the sputtering processes, the film microstructure was varied during deposition and via isothermal annealing resulting in four different Cu films with bimodal grain size distributions. The interface adhesion of each Cu film was determined using stressed Mo overlayers, which triggered delamination of the Cu film from the glass substrates in the shape of straight spontaneous buckles. The model of Hutchinson and Suo for spontaneous buckles was applied to quantify the mixed mode adhesion energy for each film system ranging from 2.35 J/m² for the films with the highest amount of large grains to 4.90 J/m² for the films with the highest amount of nanosized grains. This surprising result could be clarified using an additional study of the buckles using focused ion beam cutting and quantification via confocal laser scanning microscopy to decouple and quantify the amount of elastic and plastic deformation stored in the buckled thin film. It could be shown that the films with smallest grains exhibit the possibility to absorb a higher amount of energy during delamination, which explains their improved adhesion.
{"title":"Quantification of the Influence of Thin Film Microstructure on Adhesion for a Model Brittle-Ductile Interface","authors":"A. Lassnig, V. L. Terziyska, J. Zalesak, T. Jörg, D. Többens, C. Mitterer, R. Pippan, M. Cordill","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3542921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3542921","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of film microstructure on interface adhesion was studied on a model brittle-ductile interface consisting of thin Cu films on brittle glass substrates. Therefore, 110 nm thin Cu films were deposited on glass substrates using magnetron sputtering. While film thickness, residual stresses, and texture of the Cu films were maintained comparable in the sputtering processes, the film microstructure was varied during deposition and via isothermal annealing resulting in four different Cu films with bimodal grain size distributions. The interface adhesion of each Cu film was determined using stressed Mo overlayers, which triggered delamination of the Cu film from the glass substrates in the shape of straight spontaneous buckles. The model of Hutchinson and Suo for spontaneous buckles was applied to quantify the mixed mode adhesion energy for each film system ranging from 2.35 J/m² for the films with the highest amount of large grains to 4.90 J/m² for the films with the highest amount of nanosized grains. This surprising result could be clarified using an additional study of the buckles using focused ion beam cutting and quantification via confocal laser scanning microscopy to decouple and quantify the amount of elastic and plastic deformation stored in the buckled thin film. It could be shown that the films with smallest grains exhibit the possibility to absorb a higher amount of energy during delamination, which explains their improved adhesion.","PeriodicalId":102139,"journal":{"name":"Other Topics Engineering Research eJournal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115016383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.38177/ajast.2020.4112
A. Almaslamani
The purpose of the paper is to find a solution to increase the fluid flow rate in a designed and built rotating machine. The increase of the flow rate can take place by modifying the following parameters: The geometrical parameters of the profiled rotors, The functional parameters of the machine, namely its speed. Constructive solutions of the machine that lead to the increase of the flow rate carried by it are presented; the influence of the speed of the machine on the flow rate is exposed, in the case of the analyzed constructive solutions.
{"title":"Researches on the Influence of Geometric and Functional Parameters on the Flow Rate of a Rotating Machine with Profiled Rotors","authors":"A. Almaslamani","doi":"10.38177/ajast.2020.4112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38177/ajast.2020.4112","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the paper is to find a solution to increase the fluid flow rate in a designed and built rotating machine. The increase of the flow rate can take place by modifying the following parameters: The geometrical parameters of the profiled rotors, The functional parameters of the machine, namely its speed. Constructive solutions of the machine that lead to the increase of the flow rate carried by it are presented; the influence of the speed of the machine on the flow rate is exposed, in the case of the analyzed constructive solutions.","PeriodicalId":102139,"journal":{"name":"Other Topics Engineering Research eJournal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133661628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The notion of proximal intersection property and diagonal property is introduced and used to establish some existence of the best proximity point for mappings satisfying contractive conditions.
引入了近交性质和对角性质的概念，并利用它们建立了满足收缩条件的映射的最佳接近点的存在性。
{"title":"On Some Geometrical Properties of Proximal Sets and Existence of Best Proximity Points","authors":"Dr. S. Arul Ravi, A. Eldred","doi":"10.22377/AJMS.V4I1.253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22377/AJMS.V4I1.253","url":null,"abstract":"The notion of proximal intersection property and diagonal property is introduced and used to establish some existence of the best proximity point for mappings satisfying contractive conditions.","PeriodicalId":102139,"journal":{"name":"Other Topics Engineering Research eJournal","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134476000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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